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Adrian Parra C, Stuardo Ávila V, Contreras Hernández P, Quirland Lazo C, Bustos Ibarra C, Carrasco-Portiño M, Belmar Prieto J, Barrientos J, Lisboa Donoso C, Low Andrade K. Structural and intermediary determinants in sexual health care access in migrant populations: a scoping review. Public Health 2024; 227:54-62. [PMID: 38118243 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Addressing migrant population's sexual health needs is essential, given the high vulnerability of this population, especially during migratory trajectories and when accessing health care in destination countries. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and describe the structural and intermediary determinants and their dimensions, which negatively influence sexual healthcare access in migrant population in the world in the last 20 years. STUDY DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS The search strategy was carried out in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and CINAHL. The inclusion criteria were primary studies published in English or Spanish from 2000 to 2022, describing determinants or barriers to access to sexual health for international migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers. The construction of the results was based on the social determinants of health framework. RESULTS A total of 44 studies were included. Thirteen categories that negatively affect access to sexual health in migrants were identified-structural determinants: language and communication barriers, religious and cultural values, VIH stigma and discrimination, irregular migration status, financial constraints, racism and discrimination, gender inequalities, and lack of knowledge and awareness about sexuality and sexual health; and intermediary determinants: financial health coverage, privacy and confidentiality, health system navigation; health system and facilities, and psychosocial factors. CONCLUSION The most relevant dimensions identified as barriers to access to health services were "culture and societal values" and "health system". Identifying the determinants that affect migrants' access to sexual health is relevant for the formulation of public policies with sociocultural relevance and an intersectional and human rights approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Adrian Parra
- PhD in Biomedical Research Methodology and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Stuardo Ávila
- Institute of Public Health, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | | | - C Quirland Lazo
- PhD in Biomedical Research Methodology and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Health Technology Assessment Unit, Arturo López Pérez Foundation, Chile
| | - C Bustos Ibarra
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Carrasco-Portiño
- Department of Obstetrics and of Childcare, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - J Belmar Prieto
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Barrientos
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Chile
| | - C Lisboa Donoso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Chile
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Stonbraker S, Sanabria G, Cunto-Amesty S, Alcántara C, Abraído-Lanza AF, Rowell-Cunsolo T, Halpern M, Bakken S, Schnall R, George M. "If They Give Their Mind to HIV, They Don't Last as Long": An Explanatory Model of HIV Infection in a Limited-Resource Setting Informs Person-Centered Care. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2022; 9:23333936221097112. [PMID: 35719278 PMCID: PMC9203948 DOI: 10.1177/23333936221097112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Explanatory models describe individuals’ perceptions of their illness experiences, which can guide culturally relevant care. We constructed an explanatory model of the experience of living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Dominican Republic. Following qualitative descriptive methodology, we conducted interviews in Spanish using a semi-structured interview guide developed using Kleinman’s explanatory model framework. Two bilingual researchers coded interview transcripts following conventional content analysis. We used deductive codes from Kleinman’s framework and inductive codes external to the framework to construct the codebook. We arranged codes by shared meaning into categories and constructed themes that reflected shared findings from inductive categories and deductive codes. Twenty-six persons living with HIV participated. They provided rich descriptions of their experiences represented by four cross-cutting themes, which informed the explanatory model. By incorporating this in-depth understanding of patients’ illness experiences into care delivery, nurses can cultivate culturally meaningful and trusting patient-centered partnerships that improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Stonbraker
- University of Colorado College of Nursing, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mina Halpern
- Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic
| | - Suzanne Bakken
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Maureen George
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
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Sauceda JA, Brooks RA, Xavier J, Maiorana A, Georgetti Gomez L, Zamudio-Haas S, Rodriguez-Diaz CE, Cajina A, Myers J. From Theory to Application: A Description of Transnationalism in Culturally-Appropriate HIV Interventions of Outreach, Access, and Retention Among Latino/a Populations. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 21:332-345. [PMID: 29767401 PMCID: PMC6239987 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-018-0753-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interventions aiming to improve access to and retention in HIV care are optimized when they are tailored to clients' needs. This paper describes an initiative of interventions implemented by ten demonstration sites using a transnational framework to tailor services for Mexicans and Puerto Ricans living with HIV. Transnationalism describes how immigrants (and their children) exist in their "receiving" place (e.g., continental U.S.) while simultaneously maintaining connections to their country or place of origin (e.g., Mexico). We describe interventions in terms of the strategies used, the theory informing design and the tailoring, and the integration of transnationalism. We argue how applying the transnational framework may improve the quality and effectiveness of services in response to the initiative's overall goal, which is to produce innovative, robust, evidence-informed strategies that go beyond traditional tailoring approaches for HIV interventions with Latino/as populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Sauceda
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, Mission Hall, Mailcode 0886, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Ronald A Brooks
- AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Xavier
- Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andres Maiorana
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, Mission Hall, Mailcode 0886, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Lisa Georgetti Gomez
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, Mission Hall, Mailcode 0886, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Sophia Zamudio-Haas
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, Mission Hall, Mailcode 0886, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | | | - Adan Cajina
- Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Janet Myers
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 3rd Floor, Mission Hall, Mailcode 0886, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
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Taylor BS, Fornos L, Tarbutton J, Muñoz J, Saber JA, Bullock D, Villarreal R, Nijhawan AE. Improving HIV Care Engagement in the South from the Patient and Provider Perspective: The Role of Stigma, Social Support, and Shared Decision-Making. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2018; 32:368-378. [PMID: 30179530 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2018.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial linkage to medical care is a critical step in the HIV care continuum leading to improved health outcomes, reduced morbidity and mortality, and decreased HIV transmission risk. We explored differences in perspectives on engagement in HIV care between people living with HIV who attended (Arrived) their initial medical provider visit (IMV) and those who did not (Missed), and between patients and providers. The study was conducted in two large majority/minority HIV treatment centers in the United States (US) south, a geographical region disproportionately impacted by HIV. The Theory of Planned Behavior informed semistructured interviews eliciting facilitators and barriers to engagement in care from 53 participants: 40 patients in a structured sample of 20 Missed and 20 Arrived, and 13 care providers. Using Grounded Theory to frame analysis, we found similar perspectives for all groups, including beliefs in the following: patients' control over care engagement, a lack of knowledge regarding HIV within the community, and the impact of structural barriers to HIV care such as paperwork, transportation, housing, and substance use treatment. Differences were noted by care engagement status. Missed described HIV-related discrimination, depression, and lack of social support. Arrived worried what others think about their HIV status. Providers focused on structural barriers and process, while patients focused on relational aspects of HIV care and personal connection with clinics. Participants proposed peer navigation and increased contact from clinics as interventions to reduce missed IMV. Context-appropriate interventions informed by these perspectives are needed to address the expanding southern HIV epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S. Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Laura Fornos
- Department of Research and Information Management, University Health System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jesse Tarbutton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jana Muñoz
- Round Rock Cancer Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Round Rock, Texas
| | - Julie A. Saber
- HIV/STD Care Services Group, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
| | - Delia Bullock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Roberto Villarreal
- Department of Research and Information Management, University Health System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ank E. Nijhawan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Levison JH, Levinson JK, Alegría M. A Critical Review and Commentary on the Challenges in Engaging HIV-Infected Latinos in the Continuum of HIV Care. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:2500-2512. [PMID: 29948334 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV infection has become increasingly effective. Persistent poor HIV outcomes in racial and ethnic minority populations in the US call for a closer examination into why Latinos are at significant risk for acquiring and dying from HIV. To improve clinical outcomes and achieve an AIDS-free generation, HIV research must address disparities in HIV outcomes in Latinos, the largest ethnic/racial minority population in the US. Immigrant status as well as cultural factors influence HIV care utilization and are essential to highlight for effective intervention development in Latinos. A better understanding of these individual and contextual factors is critical to developing tailored approaches to engaging Latinos in HIV care. Based on a comprehensive literature review, we offer a framework for understanding what is needed from clinical practice and research to improve engagement in HIV care for US-based Latinos. These findings may have implications for other minority populations.
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Levison JH, Bogart LM, Khan IF, Mejia D, Amaro H, Alegría M, Safren S. "Where It Falls Apart": Barriers to Retention in HIV Care in Latino Immigrants and Migrants. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2017; 31:394-405. [PMID: 28891715 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2017.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Latino immigrants in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV. Barriers to consistent attendance (retention) in HIV primary care constrain opportunities for HIV treatment success, but have not been specifically assessed in this population. We conducted semistructured interviews with 37 HIV-infected Latinos (aged ≥18 years and born in Puerto Rico or a Latin American Spanish-speaking country) and 14 HIV providers in metropolitan Boston (total n = 51). The Andersen Model of Healthcare Utilization informed a semistructured interview guide, which bilingual research staff used to explore barriers to HIV care. We used thematic analysis to explore the processes of retention in care. Six ubiquitous themes were perceived to influence HIV clinic attendance: (1) stigma as a barrier to HIV serostatus disclosure; (2) social support as a safety net during negative life circumstances; (3) unaddressed trauma and substance use leading to interruption in care; (4) a trusting relationship between patient and provider motivating HIV clinic attendance; (5) basic unmet needs competing with the perceived value of HIV care; and (6) religion providing a source of hope and optimism. Cultural subthemes were the centrality of family (familismo), masculinity (machismo), and trusting relationships (confianza). The timing of barriers was acute (e.g., eviction) and chronic (e.g., family conflict). These co-occurring and dynamic constellation of factors affected HIV primary care attendance over time. HIV-infected Latino immigrants and migrants experienced significant challenges that led to interruptions in HIV care. Anticipatory guidance to prepare for these setbacks may improve retention in HIV care in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie H. Levison
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Iman F. Khan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dianna Mejia
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hortensia Amaro
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Margarita Alegría
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Steven Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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Muñoz FA, Servin AE, Garfein RS, Ojeda VD, Rangel G, Zúñiga ML. Deportation history among HIV-positive Latinos in two US-Mexico border communities. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 17:104-11. [PMID: 24136247 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Health-related vulnerabilities associated with deportation are understudied. We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with history of deportation from the US to Mexico among HIV-positive Latinos. From 2009 to 2010, we recruited a convenience sample from HIV clinics in San Diego, US and Tijuana, Mexico. Of 283 participants, 25% reported a prior deportation. Factors independently associated with increased odds of deportation history were being male [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.77; 95% CI 1.18-6.48], having ≤high-school education (AOR 3.87; 95% CI 1.84-8.14), ever using cocaine (AOR 2.46; 95% CI 1.33-4.57), and reporting personalized HIV-stigma: "some have told me HIV is what I deserve for how I lived" (AOR 2.23; 95% CI 1.14-4.37). Lower self-reported antiretroviral medication adherence (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.12-0.96) and perceiving HIV-stigma: "most people believe a person who has HIV is dirty" (AOR 0.49; 95% CI 0.25-0.94) were associated with decreased odds of deportation history. Deportation is associated with specific socioeconomic indicators that are known to impact the health of individuals living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima A Muñoz
- Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Individual and community factors associated with geographic clusters of poor HIV care retention and poor viral suppression. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2015; 69 Suppl 1:S37-43. [PMID: 25867777 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous analyses identified specific geographic areas in Philadelphia (hotspots) associated with negative outcomes along the HIV care continuum. We examined individual and community factors associated with residing in these hotspots. METHODS Retrospective cohort of 1404 persons newly diagnosed with HIV in 2008-2009 followed for 24 months after linkage to care. Multivariable regression examined associations between individual (age, sex, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission risk, and insurance status) and community (economic deprivation, distance to care, access to public transit, and access to pharmacy services) factors and the outcomes: residence in a hotspot associated with poor retention-in-care and residence in a hotspot associated with poor viral suppression. RESULTS In total, 24.4% and 13.7% of persons resided in hotspots associated with poor retention and poor viral suppression, respectively. For persons residing in poor retention hotspots, 28.3% were retained in care compared with 40.4% of those residing outside hotspots (P < 0.05). Similarly, for persons residing in poor viral suppression hotspots, 51.4% achieved viral suppression compared with 75.3% of those outside hotspots (P < 0.0.05). Factors significantly associated with residence in poor retention hotspots included female sex, lower economic deprivation, greater access to public transit, shorter distance to medical care, and longer distance to pharmacies. Factors significantly associated with residence in poor viral suppression hotspots included female sex, higher economic deprivation, and shorter distance to pharmacies. CONCLUSIONS Individual and community-level associations with geographic hotspots may inform both content and delivery strategies for interventions designed to improve retention-in-care and viral suppression.
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Levison J, Triant V, Losina E, Keefe K, Freedberg K, Regan S. Development and validation of a computer-based algorithm to identify foreign-born patients with HIV infection from the electronic medical record. Appl Clin Inform 2014; 5:557-70. [PMID: 25024769 DOI: 10.4338/aci-2014-02-ra-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate an efficient and accurate method to identify foreign-born patients from a large patient data registry in order to facilitate population-based health outcomes research. METHODS We developed a three-stage algorithm for classifying foreign-born status in HIV-infected patients receiving care in a large US healthcare system (January 1, 2001-March 31, 2012) (n = 9,114). In stage 1, we classified those coded as non-English language speaking as foreign-born. In stage 2, we searched free text electronic medical record (EMR) notes of remaining patients for keywords associated with place of birth and language spoken. Patients without keywords were classified as US-born. In stage 3, we retrieved and reviewed a 50-character text window around the keyword (i.e. token) for the remaining patients. To validate the algorithm, we performed a chart review and asked all HIV physicians (n = 37) to classify their patients (n = 957).We calculated algorithm sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS We excluded 160/957 because physicians indicated the patient was not HIV-infected (n = 54), "not my patient" (n = 103), or had unknown place of birth (n = 3), leaving 797 for analysis. In stage 1, providers agreed that 71/95 foreign language speakers were foreign-born. Most disagreements (23/24) involved patients born in Puerto Rico. In stage 2, 49/50 patients without keywords were classified as US-born by chart review. In stage 3, token review correctly classified 55/60 patients (92%), with 93% (CI: 84.4, 100%) sensitivity and 90% (CI: 74.3, 100%) specificity compared with full chart review. After application of the three-stage algorithm, 2,102/9,114 (23%) patients were classified as foreign-born. When compared against physician response, estimated sensitivity of the algorithm was 94% (CI: 90.9, 97.2%) and specificity 92% (CI: 89.7, 94.1%), with 92% correctly classified. CONCLUSION A computer-based algorithm classified foreign-born status in a large HIV-infected cohort efficiently and accurately. This approach can be used to improve EMR-based outcomes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Levison
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - V Triant
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - E Losina
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Boston University School of Public Health, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard University Center for AIDS Research, Harvard University , Boston, Massachusetts, Unites States
| | - K Keefe
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - K Freedberg
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Boston University School of Public Health, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard University Center for AIDS Research, Harvard University , Boston, Massachusetts, Unites States
| | - S Regan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of General Internal Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Medical Practice Evaluation Center , Boston, Massachusetts, United States ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Servin AE, Muñoz FA, Zúñiga ML. Healthcare provider perspectives on barriers to HIV-care access and utilisation among Latinos living with HIV in the US-Mexico border. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2014; 16:587-599. [PMID: 24592920 PMCID: PMC4451060 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2014.886131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Latinos living with HIV residing in the US-Mexico border region frequently seek care on both sides of the border. Given this fact, a border health perspective to understanding barriers to care is imperative to improve patient health outcomes. This qualitative study describes and compares experiences and perceptions of Mexican and US HIV care providers regarding barriers to HIV care access for Latino patients living in the US-Mexico border region. In 2010, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with HIV care providers in Tijuana (n = 10) and San Diego (n = 9). We identified important similarities and differences between Mexican and US healthcare provider perspectives on HIV care access and barriers to service utilisation. Similarities included the fact that HIV-positive Latino patients struggle with access to ART medication, mental health illness, substance abuse and HIV-related stigma. Differences included Mexican provider perceptions of medication shortages and US providers feeling that insurance gaps influenced medication access. Differences and similarities have important implications for cross-border efforts to coordinate health services for patients who seek care in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argentina E. Servin
- Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Fátima A. Muñoz
- Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
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Contreras GA, Bell CS, Del Bianco GP, Perez N, Kleinosky MT, Murphy JR, Heresi GP. Prevalence and risk factors associated with resistance-associated mutations to etravirine in a cohort of perinatally HIV-infected children. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:2344-8. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
The Hispanic population in the U.S. has been dramatically affected by the HIV epidemic. The impact not only is related to the infection itself and its complications, but also is driven by social factors that lead to increased disparity in health-care access and cultural modeling and to increased social stigma, which leads to marginalization and exacerbates the existing gaps in medical care. Hispanics infected with HIV more frequently receive delayed diagnoses and more often present with AIDS, concomitant opportunistic infections, or coinfections related to their country of origin. The unique characteristics that define the HIV epidemic in Hispanics need further analysis in order to identify new opportunities to improve linkage to health care, increase efficacy in health-care provision, and decrease social disparities related to the Hispanic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Henao-Martínez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Mail Stop B168, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA,
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