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Boone A, Menouni A, Korachi IB, Nejjari C, Khalis M, Jaafari SE, Godderis L. Burnout and predictive factors among medical students: a cross-sectional survey. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:812. [PMID: 39075396 PMCID: PMC11285123 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05792-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is a growing problem in medical education, and is usually characterised by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy. Currently, the majority of burnout studies have been conducted in western high-income countries, overshadowing findings from low- and middle-income countries. Our objective is to investigate burnout and its associated predictive factors in Morocco, aiming to guide intervention strategies, while also assessing differences between the preclinical and clinical years. METHODS A cross-sectional, self-administered online survey assessing burnout dimensions and its main determinants was distributed among medical students at Université Mohammed VI des Sciences et de la Santé (UM6SS, Casablanca, Morocco). Descriptive analyses involved computing mean scores, standard deviations and Pearson correlations. Further, t-tests were performed to check for significant differences in burnout dimensions across the preclinical and clinical learning phase, and stepwise linear regression analyses were conducted using a backward elimination method to estimate the effects of the selected variables on the three burnout dimensions. RESULTS A t-test assessing the difference in cynicism found a significant difference between students at the preclinical phase and the clinical phase, t(90) = -2.5, p = 0.01. For emotional exhaustion and reduced professional efficacy no significant difference was observed. A linear regression analysis showed that emotional exhaustion was significantly predicted by workload, work-home conflict, social support from peers and neuroticism. Cynicism was predicted by the learning phase, workload, meaningfulness and neuroticism; and reduced professional efficacy by neuroticism only. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a potential gradual increase in cynicism during medical education in Morocco. Conducting this study in a low- and middle income country has enhanced the scientific understanding of burnout in these regions. Given the identified predictive factors for burnout, such as workload, work-home conflict, support from peers, neuroticism, and meaningfulness, it is necessary to focus on these elements when developing burnout interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Boone
- Centre for Environment and Health, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Aziza Menouni
- Centre for Environment and Health, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Department, New Work Impact, 50000, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Imane Bensouda Korachi
- Cluster of Competence On Health and Environment, Moulay Ismail University, 50000, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Chakib Nejjari
- Euromed Research Center, Euromed University of Fez, 30000, Fez, Morocco
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Khalis
- Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, 20000, Casablanca, Morocco
- Department of Public Health, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical, and Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, Mohamed V University in Rabat, 10000, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir El Jaafari
- Cluster of Competence On Health and Environment, Moulay Ismail University, 50000, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Lode Godderis
- Centre for Environment and Health, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Greville-Harris M, Withers C, Wezyk A, Thomas K, Bolderston H, Kane A, McDougall S, Turner KJ. Association of resilience and psychological flexibility with surgeons' mental wellbeing. BJS Open 2024; 8:zrae060. [PMID: 39041733 PMCID: PMC11264141 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing research highlights the link between certain personality traits and mental health in surgeons. However, little research has explored the important role of psychological skills and qualities in potentially explaining this link. A cross-sectional survey of UK-based surgeons was used to examine whether two such skills (psychological flexibility and resilience) helped to explain why certain personality traits might be linked to mental health in surgeons. METHOD An online survey comprising measures of personality (neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness), psychological skills/qualities (psychological flexibility and resilience) and mental health (depression, anxiety, stress and burnout) was sent to surgeons practising in the UK. Mediation analyses were used to examine the potential mediating role of psychological flexibility and resilience in explaining the relationship between personality factors and mental health. RESULTS A total of 348 surgeons completed the survey. In all 12 mediation models, psychological flexibility and/or resilience played a significant role in explaining the relationship between personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness) and mental health (depression, anxiety and burnout). CONCLUSION Findings suggest that it is not only a surgeon's personality that is associated with their mental health, but the extent to which a surgeon demonstrates specific psychological qualities and skills (psychological flexibility and resilience). This has important implications for improving surgeons' mental wellbeing, because psychological flexibility and resilience are malleable, and can be successfully targeted with interventions in a way that personality traits cannot.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Withers
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Agata Wezyk
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Kevin Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Helen Bolderston
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Amy Kane
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Sine McDougall
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Kevin J Turner
- Department of Psychology, Poole House, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Dorset, Bournemouth, UK
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Sier VQ, Bisset CN, Tesselaar DAJ, Schmitz RF, Schepers A, Moug SJ, van der Vorst JR. Dissecting the surgeon's personality: cross-cultural comparisons in Western Europe. Colorectal Dis 2024; 26:1239-1249. [PMID: 38687763 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
AIM The surgeon's personality contributes to variation in surgical decision-making. Previous work on surgeon personality has largely been reserved to Anglo-Saxon studies, with limited international comparisons. In this work we built upon recent work on gastrointestinal surgeon personality and aimed to detect international variations. METHOD Gastrointestinal surgeons from the UK and the Netherlands were invited to participate in validated personality assessments (44-item, 60-item Big Five Inventory; BFI). These encompass personality using five domains (open-mindedness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and negative emotionality) with three subtraits each. Mean differences in domain factors were calculated between surgeon and nonsurgeon populations from normative data using independent-samples t-tests, adjusted for multiple testing. The items from the 44-item and 60-item BFI were compared between UK and Dutch surgeons and classified accordingly: identical (n = 16), analogous (n = 3), comparable (n = 12). RESULTS UK (n = 78, 61.5% male) and Dutch (n = 280, 65% male) gastrointestinal surgeons had marked differences in the domains of open-mindedness, extraversion and agreeableness compared with national normative datasets. Moreover, although surgeons had similar levels of emotional stability, country of work influenced differences in specific BFI items. For example, Netherlands-based surgeons scored highly on questions related to sociability and organization versus UK-based surgeons who scored highly on creative imagination (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In a first cross-cultural setting, we identified country-specific personality differences in gastrointestinal surgeon cohorts across domain and facet levels. Given the variation between Dutch and UK surgeons, understanding country-specific data could be useful in guiding personality research in healthcare. Furthermore, we advocate that future work adopts consensus usage of the five factor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Q Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C N Bisset
- Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
- University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - D A J Tesselaar
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R F Schmitz
- Department of Surgery, Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda, The Netherlands
| | - A Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S J Moug
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, Scotland
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, Scotland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - J R van der Vorst
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Hussain Z, Chenmei C, Saeed M, Hassan N, Chiragh F. Personality and teachers' burnout stress: exploring the digital competence as personal job resource in allied health institutions. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1334371. [PMID: 38784619 PMCID: PMC11112098 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1334371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Job burnout has severe consequences for teachers and students. This study aimed to measure the direct effects of personality traits on job burnout-stress syndrome among allied health educators. Furthermore, teachers' digital competence was evaluated as a personal job resource for mitigating the negative impact of burnout. Methods This study examined direct relationships between work-related stress syndrome and personality traits, namely, extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. Data was collected from 334 allied health institution teachers through a self-reported questionnaire. Linear regression analysis was used to test for direct effects. Moderating effects were evaluated using Andrew F Hays PROCESS macro v2.16.3. Results All five personality traits had a significant negative relationship to burnout and teachers' digital competence moderated the relationship between personality traits and burnout. This study's findings provide evidence, that personality is significantly related to job burnout among allied health educators. Conclusion These empirical findings conclude that personality traits are related to burnout in the non-Western culture of Pakistan. Furthermore, teachers' digital competence acts as a personal job resource and potential moderator in the current digital working environment. Therefore, future teachers should enrich their digital competencies for improved performance, and advanced digital competency courses should be included in their curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zawar Hussain
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai Chenmei
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Nazia Hassan
- Department of Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fiza Chiragh
- Department of Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Pakou V, Tsartsalis D, Papathanakos G, Dragioti E, Gouva M, Koulouras V. Personality Traits, Burnout, and Psychopathology in Healthcare Professionals in Intensive Care Units-A Moderated Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:587. [PMID: 38470698 PMCID: PMC10930981 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explored the associations between personality dimensions, burnout, and psychopathology in healthcare professionals in intensive care units (ICUs). This study further aimed to discern the differences in these relationships when considering the variables of critical care experience (less than 5 years, 5-10 years, and more than 10 years), profession (nurses versus intensivists), and the urban size of the city where the ICU is located (metropolitan cities versus smaller urban cities). This cross-sectional investigation's outcomes are based on data from 503 ICU personnel, including 155 intensivists and 348 nurses, in 31 ICU departments in Greece. Participants underwent a comprehensive assessment involving a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). To analyze the interplay among critical care experience, burnout status, and psychopathology, a moderation analysis was conducted with personality dimensions (i.e., psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism) serving as the mediator variable. Profession and the urban size of the ICU location were considered as moderators influencing these relationships. Male healthcare professionals showed higher psychoticism levels than females, aligning with prior research. Experienced nurses reported lower personal achievement, hinting at potential motivation challenges for professional growth. Psychoticism predicted high depersonalization and low personal achievement. Neuroticism and psychoticism negatively impacted ICU personnel's mental well-being, reflected in elevated psychopathology scores and burnout status. Psychoticism appears to be the primary factor influencing burnout among the three personality dimensions, particularly affecting intensivists. In contrast, nurses are more influenced by their critical care experience on their mental health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Pakou
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.P.); (G.P.); (V.K.)
| | - Dimitrios Tsartsalis
- Laboratory of Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Sundsvall Hospital, 85643 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Georgios Papathanakos
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.P.); (G.P.); (V.K.)
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Laboratory of Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Mary Gouva
- Laboratory of Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (E.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Vasilios Koulouras
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (V.P.); (G.P.); (V.K.)
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Abbiati M, Cerutti B. Do students' personality traits change during medical training? A longitudinal cohort study. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023; 28:1079-1092. [PMID: 36729195 PMCID: PMC10624741 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-023-10205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many medical schools incorporate assessments of personal characteristics, including personality traits, in their selection process. However, little is known about whether changes in personality traits during medical training affect the predictive validity of personality assessments. The present study addressed this issue by examining the stability of personality traits and their predictive validity over a 6-year medical training course. Participants were two cohorts of Swiss medical students (N = 272, 72% of students admitted to Year 2) from whom we collected demographic data, Swiss medical studies aptitude test (EMS) scores, Big Five personality traits scores measured at three times and scores on the multiple-choice and objective structured clinical examination parts of the final medical examination. Our findings indicated that personality traits had medium-to-high rank-order stability (r > .60 over 3 years and r > .50 over 6 years). Mean-level changes were moderate for agreeableness (d = + 0.72) and small for neuroticism and conscientiousness (d = -0.29, d = -0.25, respectively). Individual reliable change indices ranged from 4.5% for openness to 23.8% for neuroticism. The predictive validity was similar to that of the first three years of follow-up. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate changes in personality across undergraduate curriculum. Medical students' personality traits were mostly stable across medical school and retain their predictive validity. Consequently, this study supports the use of tools measuring constructs underlying personality traits in selection. In addition, this study confirms that examination formats could favor students with certain personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Abbiati
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Psychiatry Department, Unit of Forensic Psychiatry (IPL), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Bernard Cerutti
- Unit of Development and Research in Medical Education (UDREM), University of Geneva, Medical School, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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Ammi M, Fooken J, Klein J, Scott A. Does doctors' personality differ from those of patients, the highly educated and other caring professions? An observational study using two nationally representative Australian surveys. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069850. [PMID: 37094898 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Personality differences between doctors and patients can affect treatment outcomes. We examine these trait disparities, as well as differences across medical specialities. DESIGN Retrospective, observational statistical analysis of secondary data. SETTING Data from two data sets that are nationally representative of doctors and the general population in Australia. PARTICIPANTS We include 23 358 individuals from a representative survey of the general Australian population (with subgroups of 18 705 patients, 1261 highly educated individuals and 5814 working in caring professions) as well as 19 351 doctors from a representative survey of doctors in Australia (with subgroups of 5844 general practitioners, 1776 person-oriented specialists and 3245 technique-oriented specialists). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Big Five personality traits and locus of control. Measures are standardised by gender, age and being born overseas and weighted to be representative of their population. RESULTS Doctors are significantly more agreeable (a: standardised score -0.12, 95% CIs -0.18 to -0.06), conscientious (c: -0.27 to -0.33 to -0.20), extroverted (e: 0.11, 0.04 to 0.17) and neurotic (n: 0.14, CI 0.08 to 0.20) than the general population (a: -0.38 to -0.42 to -0.34, c: -0.96 to -1.00 to -0.91, e: -0.22 to -0.26 to -0.19, n: -1.01 to -1.03 to -0.98) or patients (a: -0.77 to -0.85 to -0.69, c: -1.27 to -1.36 to -1.19, e: -0.24 to -0.31 to -0.18, n: -0.71 to -0.76 to -0.66). Patients (-0.03 to -0.10 to 0.05) are more open than doctors (-0.30 to -0.36 to -0.23). Doctors have a significantly more external locus of control (0.06, 0.00 to 0.13) than the general population (-0.10 to -0.13 to -0.06) but do not differ from patients (-0.04 to -0.11 to 0.03). There are minor differences in personality traits among doctors with different specialities. CONCLUSIONS Several personality traits differ between doctors, the population and patients. Awareness about differences can improve doctor-patient communication and allow patients to understand and comply with treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ammi
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonas Fooken
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jill Klein
- Melbourne Business School and Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Scott
- Melbourne Institute: Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Louwen C, Reidlinger D, Milne N. Profiling health professionals' personality traits, behaviour styles and emotional intelligence: a systematic review. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:120. [PMID: 36803372 PMCID: PMC9938999 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-cognitive traits have been theorised to predict characteristics, career choice and outcomes of health professionals and could represent a homogenous group. This study aims to profile and compare personality traits, behaviour styles and emotional intelligence of health practitioners across a variety of professions. METHODS Empirical literature was systematically reviewed. A two-concept search strategy was applied to four databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest). Title/abstract and full text articles were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data was synthesised narratively and meta-aggregated where feasible. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-one studies representing 153 assessment tools of personality (n = 83 studies), behaviour (n = 8), and emotional intelligence (n = 62) were included. Most studies (n = 171) explored personality (medicine, nursing, nursing assistants, dentistry, allied health, paramedics), revealing variation in traits across professions. Behaviour styles were least measured with only ten studies exploring these across four health professions (nursing, medicine, occupational therapy, psychology). Emotional intelligence (n = 146 studies) varied amongst professions (medicine, nursing, dentistry, occupational therapy, physiotherapy, radiology) with all exhibiting average to above-average scores. CONCLUSION Personality traits, behaviour styles and emotional intelligence are all key characteristics of health professionals reported in the literature. There is both heterogeneity and homogeneity within and between professional groups. The characterisation and understanding of these non-cognitive traits will aid health professionals to understand their own non-cognitive features and how these might be useful in predicting performance with potential to adapt these to enhance success within their chosen profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Louwen
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD 4226 Australia
| | - D. Reidlinger
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD 4226 Australia
| | - N. Milne
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD 4226 Australia
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Sier VQ, Schmitz RF, Schepers A, van der Vorst JR. Exploring the surgical personality. Surgeon 2023; 21:1-7. [PMID: 35241372 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Surgery is a demanding field, requiring determination and emotional stability. This review explores the surgical personality, addressing international personality differences between surgical and non-surgical specialties. Across the globe, surgically-interested individuals (i.e., medical students, residents, surgeons) generally scored higher on conscientiousness, open mindedness, and extraversion, and lower on neuroticism compared to non-surgically-interested contemporaries. Extraversion was inversely correlated to burnout in surgical residents and open mindedness to reduced competence in giving feedback. Although additional region- and/or country-specific research is warranted, being or becoming a surgeon appears to correlate to personality traits such as high conscientiousness and low neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Q Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Roderick F Schmitz
- Department of Surgery, Groene Hart Hospital, 2800 BB, Gouda, the Netherlands.
| | - Abbey Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Joost R van der Vorst
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Baykal D, Comlekci̇ N, Can G. The Relationship Between Health Professionals’ Attitudes Towards the Older People and Personality Traits. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-022-09515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang S, Li H, Chen X, Yan N, Wen D. Learning burnout and its association with perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits in Chinese medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:785. [PMID: 36514030 PMCID: PMC9745702 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019, medical learning burnout has attracted increasing attention in educational research. It has a serious negative impact on medical students and their service quality. This could impair the professional development of medical students; weaken their personal and professional quality; and lead to problems such as increased medical errors and reduced patient care quality and satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the effects of perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits on learning burnout among medical students. METHODS In November 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at three medical universities in China. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 616 third- year students. Learning burnout, perceived stress, social support, and the Big Five personality traits (neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) were anonymously measured. A total of 583 students were included in the final sample. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to explore the effects of perceived stress, social support, and Big Five personality traits on medical students' learning burnout. RESULTS Perceived stress was positively associated with learning burnout (emotional exhaustion: ß = 0.577, p < 0.001; cynicism: ß = 0.543, p < 0.001; low professional efficacy: ß = 0.455, p < 0.001) whereas social support was negatively related with it (low professional efficacy: ß = -0.319, p < 0.001). Neuroticism had a positive effect on emotional burnout (ß = 0.152, p = 0.009). Extraversion (ß = -0.116, p = 0.006) and conscientiousness (ß = -0.363, p < 0.001) had a negative effect on low professional efficacy. Agreeableness negatively affected emotional exhaustion (ß = -0.181, p < 0.001) and cynicism (ß = -0.245, p < 0.001) and positively affected low professional efficacy (ß = 0.098, p = 0.008). The associated factors together accounted for an additional variance of learning burnout (emotional exhaustion: 39.0%; cynicism: 36.8%; low professional efficacy: 48.7%). CONCLUSIONS Social support is a positive resource for fighting medical students' burnout. Perceived stress was the strongest indicator of learning burnout. In addition to reducing perceived stress, developing extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness should be included in burnout prevention and treatment strategies, particularly for medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Wang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghe Li
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.411971.b0000 0000 9558 1426Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Yan
- grid.415680.e0000 0000 9549 5392School of Medical Applied Technology, Shenyang Medical College, No.146 Huanghe Street, Yuhong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034 People’s Republic of China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute for International Health Professions Education and Research, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Academic burnout, self-esteem, coping with stress and gratitude among Polish medical students – a cross sectional study. CURRENT PROBLEMS OF PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/cpp-2022-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Academic burnout is emerging as an essential obstacle in education process. Students of the most challenging fields of study with high degrees of stress are thought to be at the highest risk. Medical studies are considered one of them. The aim of the study was to measure the levels of academic burnout, stress and gratitude among Polish medical students of Medical University of Lublin, and determine their styles of coping with stress.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire comprised of the following: Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey (MBI-SS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), a Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and a Gratitude Questionnaire Six-Item form (GQ-6). The data was obtained from 773 medical students.
Results: Total number of 169 students (21.86%) met criteria for academic burnout. When it comes to 354 participants, they displayed signs of low self-esteem (45.8%). The number of 18 students showed low level of gratitude, while gratitude level of the majority of them – 496 (64.17%) was high. The most common style of coping with stress was emotions-oriented style – 354 students (48.29%), followed by task-oriented style – 345 students (47.07%). Burnout subscales turned out to be associated with age, year of study, self-esteem, gratitude and different styles of coping with stress to the various extent.
Conclusions: The prevalence of academic burnout among Polish medical students is high compared with general population across various occupations. Utilisation of protective characteristics of high self-esteem, gratitude and healthy coping methods can result in development of efficient anti-burnout prevention strategies and intervention tools.
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Dominguez-Espinosa ADC, Montes de Oca-Mayagoitia SI, Sáez-Jiménez AP, de la Fuente-Zepeda J, Monroy Ramírez de Arellano L. The moderating role of sociodemographic and work-related variables in burnout and mental health levels of Mexican medical residents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274322. [PMID: 36112642 PMCID: PMC9481024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the moderating effects of sociodemographic and work-related variables on levels of burnout and mental health among medical residents. Method A cross-sectional online survey was administered at the beginning of the second wave of COVID-19 at different public teaching hospitals where medical residents practiced in Mexico City. A total of 201 medical residents of different years completed the survey. Results Different univariate inferential analyses on the level of burnout and mental health indices showed significant differences between sex, marital status, previous reports of physical illness or psychological conditions, and residency ranking. However, the effect sizes of those differences were of low to medium size. A predictive path analysis revealed that the three stages of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and achievement dissatisfaction) negatively affect psychological wellbeing and positively affect psychological distress. Finally, even though sociodemographic variables showed some significant variation, the effect sizes were small and did not moderate the direct effect of burnout on mental health indices. Conclusions Medical residents deling with every day medical situations, will be exposed to stressors that might increase the probability to experience emotional exhaustion. This would negatively affect levels of wellbeing and positively affect distress, despite their sociodemographic characteristics.
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Sier VQ, Schmitz RF, Putter H, Schepers A, van der Vorst JR. The big five: Studying the surgical personality. Surgery 2022; 172:1358-1363. [PMID: 36064500 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenging nature of performing surgery on a personal and professional level demands specific characteristics. Personality traits play an important role in the nature and behavior of humans, which are studied using the five-factor model. Therefore, we investigated the personality of 3 surgical generations. METHODS Three distinct surgical populations were approached. The Dutch Big Five Inventory-2 was sent out online to 126 surgical residents (response: n = 69) and 104 surgeons (response: n = 60) in a teaching region in the Netherlands. Moreover, medical students interested in surgery were approached via the students' surgical society (response: n = 54). To obtain a normative Dutch population sample, the Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences panel was used, creating groups of the following age categories: 18 to 25 (n = 84), 26 to 35 (n = 101), 36 to 67 (n = 432). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was used to assess differences in personality scores. RESULTS Individuals interested in surgery (ie, surgically-oriented medical students, surgical residents, and surgeons) generally scored significantly higher on extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, open-mindedness, and lower on negative emotionality compared with the normative population sample. Across the surgical generations, surgical residents scored significantly lower on open-mindedness (3.60) compared with surgeons (3.92) and surgically-oriented medical students (3.82). Surgically-oriented medical students scored significantly higher in negative emotionality (2.44) compared with surgical residents (2.12) and surgeons (2.07). CONCLUSION Being a surgeon demands particular levels of determination and emotional stability. The surgical population shows a distinct personality pattern compared with the normative population, and more modest differences exist between persons in different stages of their surgical career.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Q Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | | | - Hein Putter
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands. https://twitter.com/hein_putter
| | - Abbey Schepers
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands
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Leep Hunderfund AN, West CP, Rackley SJ, Dozois EJ, Moeschler SM, Vaa Stelling BE, Winters RC, Satele DV, Dyrbye LN. Social Support, Social Isolation, and Burnout: Cross-Sectional Study of U.S. Residents Exploring Associations With Individual, Interpersonal, Program, and Work-Related Factors. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:1184-1194. [PMID: 35442910 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine associations of social support and social isolation with burnout, program satisfaction, and organization satisfaction among a large population of U.S. residents and fellows and to identify correlates of social support and social isolation. METHOD All residents and fellows enrolled in graduate medical education programs at Mayo Clinic sites were surveyed in February 2019. Survey items measured social support (emotional and tangible), social isolation, burnout, program satisfaction, and organization satisfaction. Factors of potential relevance to social support were collected (via the survey, institutional administrative records, and interviews with program coordinators and/or program directors) and categorized as individual, interpersonal, program, or work-related factors (duty hours, call burden, elective time, vacation days used before survey administration, required away rotations, etc.). Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between variables. RESULTS Of 1,146 residents surveyed, 762 (66%) from 58 programs responded. In adjusted models, higher emotional and tangible support were associated with lower odds of burnout and higher odds of program and organization satisfaction, while higher social isolation scores were associated with higher odds of burnout and lower odds of program satisfaction and organization satisfaction. Independent predictors of social support and/or social isolation included age, gender, relationship status, parental status, postgraduate year, site, ratings of the program leadership team, ratings of faculty relationships and faculty professional behaviors, satisfaction with autonomy, and vacation days used before survey administration. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that social support and social isolation are strongly related to burnout and satisfaction among residents and fellows. Personal and professional relationships, satisfaction with autonomy, and vacation days are independently associated with social support and/or social isolation, whereas most program and work-related factors are not. Additional studies are needed to determine if social support interventions targeting these factors can improve well-being and enhance satisfaction with training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Leep Hunderfund
- A.N. Leep Hunderfund is associate professor of neurology, Mayo Clinic, and associate director of clinical learning environment optimization, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Colin P West
- C.P. West is professor of medicine, medical education, and biostatistics, Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-5023
| | - Sandra J Rackley
- S.J. Rackley is assistant professor of psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, and assistant dean for trainee well-being, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric J Dozois
- E.J. Dozois is professor of surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Susan M Moeschler
- S.M. Moeschler is associate professor of anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Richard C Winters
- R.C. Winters is assistant professor of emergency medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel V Satele
- D.V. Satele is statistician, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Liselotte N Dyrbye
- L.N. Dyrbye is professor of medicine and medical education and co-director of the physician well-being program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Jacoby JL, Smith AB, Barraco RD, Greenberg MR, Donoghue EA, Kane BG, Macfarlan JE, Crowley LM, Weaver KR, Quinn JF. Do incoming residents vary in measures of emotional status even prior to residency training? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 13:198-204. [PMID: 35916647 PMCID: PMC9904997 DOI: 10.5116/ijme.62cb.f308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether Empathy, Emotional Intelligence, and Burnout scores differ by specialty in incoming residents. METHODS This is a single-site, prospective, cross-sectional study. Three validated survey instruments, the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Emotional and Social Competency Inventory, were written into a survey platform as a single 125-question Qualtrics survey. Over three academic years, 2015-2017, 229 incoming residents across all specialties were emailed the survey link during orientation. Residents were grouped by incoming specialty with anonymity assured. A total of 229 responses were included, with 121 (52.8%) identifying as female. Statistical analysis was performed using the Analysis of Variance or Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact test, and Independent Samples t-test or Mann Whitney U test. A Bonferroni correction was applied for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS Family Medicine had a higher median Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy score (127) compared to Emergency Medicine (115), (U=767.7, p=0.0330). Maslach Burnout Inventory depersonalization and personal accomplishment subcategory scores showed a significant difference between specialties when omnibus tests were performed, but pairwise comparisons with emergency medicine residents showed no differences. Differences were found in the Maslach Burnout Inventory categories of Depersonalization (χ2(8, N=229) =15.93, p=0.0434) and Personal Accomplishment level (χ2(8, N=229) =20.80, p=0.0077) between specialties. CONCLUSIONS Differences in measures of well-being exist across specialties, even prior to the start of residency training. The implication for educators of residency training is that some incoming residents, regardless of specialty, already exhibit troublesome features of burnout, and resources to effectively deal with these residents should be developed and utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne L. Jacoby
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Amy B. Smith
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Education, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Robert D. Barraco
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Education, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Marna Rayl Greenberg
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Elaine A. Donoghue
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Education, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Bryan G. Kane
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Macfarlan
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Network Office of Research and Innovation, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Lauren M. Crowley
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Kevin R. Weaver
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Department of Emergency and Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Joann Farrell Quinn
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine (USF-MCOM), Tampa Campus, Tampa, FL, USA
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Bętkowska-Korpała B, Pastuszak-Draxler A, Olszewska-Turek K, Sikora-Zych K, Epa R, Starowicz-Filip A. Personality characteristics of empathy profiles - practical implications for education of medicine students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2022; 22:376. [PMID: 35578223 PMCID: PMC9112556 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empathy plays the key role in the doctor - patient relationship. The research of empathy determinants plays an important role in formulating practical guidelines for the education of medical students. The aim of this study was to analyse personality characteristics of empathy profiles among students of medicine, with consideration of chief personality factors and their subdimensions according to the FFM model. METHODS During workshops in Clinical Psychological Skills, 153 students (M = 57, F = 96; mean age 23 years) analysed their psychological functioning styles by examining their personality profiles and empathy indicators. Empathic Sensitiveness Scale (ESS) and Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) were applied for this purpose. The analyses of empathy indicators were presented by means of cluster analysis. Variance analysis with post hoc Tukey-b test was performed for differences between clusters and to differentiate between personality factors and their components in empathy clusters. This study was approved by the Jagiellonian University Bioethics Committee (approval number: 1072.6120.175.2018 date: 28.06.2018). RESULTS The first cluster included students who presented high empathetic concern for others, understood their perspective and needs characterised by medium level of Neuroticism, high levels of other dimensions The second group included students who could understand others very well, yet with lower tendency to react emotionally to suffering, characterised by medium level of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, high Conscientiousness and low Agreeableness. The third cluster included students who react strongly to painful and unpleasant reactions of others, characterised by high Neuroticism and Agreeableness, low Extraversion. CONCLUSIONS Each empathy profile is manifested in relations with patients in a specific way. Medical education in empathy holds great potential to reduce anxiety, stress, and burnout associated with the medical profession. Discussion of individual results with students, gives an opportunity to talk about how their empathy and personality characteristics may influence their everyday medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bętkowska-Korpała
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital in Cracow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Anna Pastuszak-Draxler
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Cracow, Kopernika 21a, 31-501, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Olszewska-Turek
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital in Cracow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
| | - Karolina Sikora-Zych
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
| | - Roksana Epa
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Cracow, Kopernika 21a, 31-501, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Starowicz-Filip
- Department of Medical Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital in Cracow, Jakubowskiego 2, 30-688, Cracow, Poland
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Khammissa RAG, Nemutandani S, Shangase SL, Feller G, Lemmer J, Feller L. The burnout construct with reference to healthcare providers: A narrative review. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221083080. [PMID: 35646362 PMCID: PMC9133861 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221083080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Burnout syndrome is a psychological response to long-term exposure to occupational stressors. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, cognitive weariness and physical fatigue, and it may occur in association with any occupation, but is most frequently observed among professionals who work directly with people, particularly in institutional settings. Healthcare professionals who work directly with patients and are frequently exposed to work overload and excessive clinical demands, to ethical dilemmas, to pressing occupational schedules and to managerial challenges; who have to make complex judgements and difficult decisions; and who have relatively little autonomy over their job-related tasks are at risk of developing clinical burnout. In turn, clinical burnout among clinicians has a negative impact on the quality and safety of treatment, and on the overall professional performance of healthcare systems. Healthcare workers with burnout are more likely to make mistakes and to be subjected to medical malpractice claims, than do those who are burnout-naïve. Experiencing the emotional values of autonomy, competence and relatedness are essential work-related psychological needs, which have to be satisfied to promote feelings of self-realization and meaningfulness in relation to work activities, thus reducing burnout risk. Importantly, an autonomy-supportive rather than a controlling style of management decreases burnout risk and promotes self-actualization, self-esteem and a general feeling of well-being in both those in charge and in their subordinates. The purpose of this article is to discuss some of the elements constituting the burnout construct with the view of gaining a better understanding of the complex multifactorial nature of burnout. This may facilitate the development and implementation of both personal, behavioural and organizational interventions to deal with the burnout syndrome and its ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia AG Khammissa
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Simon Nemutandani
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Gal Feller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg and Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Johan Lemmer
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Liviu Feller
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Narang G, Wymer K, Mi L, Wolter C, Humphreys M, Stern K. Personality traits and burnout: A survey of practicing US Urologists. Urology 2022; 167:43-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee YW, Kudva KG, Soh M, Chew QH, Sim K. Inter-relationships between burnout, personality and coping features in residents within an ACGME-I Accredited Psychiatry Residency Program. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022; 14:e12413. [PMID: 32815310 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout during residency training is associated with various factors. Within the context of stress/coping transactional model in which one's personality can influence stress appraisal and coping, there is limited evidence examining the relationship between burnout and personality factors amongst psychiatry residents. OBJECTIVES We aim to evaluate the prevalence of burnout within a cohort of psychiatry residents and its relationship with personality factors, demographic, work-related factors and coping features. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 50 out of 77 eligible residents (response rate 64.9%) and administered the Oldenberg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Brief COPE Inventory. Burnout was defined as crossing the thresholds for exhaustion (≥2.25) and disengagement (≥2.1) scores. We compared the burnout vs nonburnout groups and examined the relationship between burnout, personality factors and coping strategies using correlational and mediational analyses. RESULTS Overall, 78% of our cohort met criteria for burnout. Burnout was correlated with hours of work per week (rs = .409, P = .008), neuroticism (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.01-1.43, P = .041) and avoidance coping (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.06-2.46, P = .025). Neuroticism was significantly correlated (all P < .001) with all coping domains (Seeking Social Support, rs = 0.40; Problem Solving, rs = 0.52; Avoidance, rs = 0.55; Positive thinking, rs = 0.41) and was a partial mediator between avoidance coping and burnout (β of indirect path = 0.168, [SE = 0.066]; P = .011). CONCLUSIONS We found a considerable burnout rate amongst psychiatry residents which was associated with neuroticism and avoidance coping, and suggest ways to better tackle occupational burnout during residency training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei Lee
- Department of Mood and Anxiety, West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kundadak Ganesh Kudva
- Department of Psychosis, East Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Soh
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qian Hui Chew
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kang Sim
- Department of Mood and Anxiety, West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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Gómez-Polo C, Martín Casado AM, Castaño A, Montero J. Epidemiological Study on Burnout in Spanish Dentists: Underlying Psychological Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413418. [PMID: 34949024 PMCID: PMC8705899 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the personality factors and coping styles of Spanish dentists when facing burnout syndrome, through epidemiological work. An epidemiological study of 1928 Spanish dentists was undertaken through an online survey, which registered the age and gender, and three questionnaires: NEO-FFI (personality traits), Brief COPE (coping styles), and MBI-HSS (burnout questionnaire). A multivariate analysis and an explanatory binary logistic regression model were used to estimate the presence of burnout. Neuroticism turned out to be the strongest indicator (OR 1.10; IC 95% 1.09–1.14), while extraversion (OR 0.93; IC 95% 0.91–0.95) and agreeableness (OR 0.94; IC95% 0.92–0.98) showed an inverse relationship with the occurrence of burnout, as did age (OR 0.9; IC95% 0.96–0.99). Conscientiousness (OR 1.0; IC95% 1.00–1.06) had a direct relationship with the presence of burnout. An avoidant coping style was the only indicative coping style (OR 1.04 IC95% 1.02–1.06). Approximately 70% of the dentists scored high on one of the three dimensions of burnout. No differences were found in the degree of burnout according to gender. Certain personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), the avoidant coping style, and age are powerful indicators to attempt to forecast the presence of burnout syndrome in dentists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-923294500 (ext. 1996)
| | - Ana María Martín Casado
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Antonio Castaño
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Calle Avicena S/N, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Javier Montero
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
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Farivar S, Esmaeelinezhad O. Can configurations of motivation and extraversion attenuate job demands-job burnout bond? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/ijoa-03-2020-2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
Recent research highlights the necessity to critically examine the factors that can reduce the relationship between job stressors, such as job demand and burnout, to create healthier workplaces. This study aims to explore how five types of motivations (extrinsic motivation-social, extrinsic motivation- material, introjected, identified and intrinsic motivation), in combination with extraversion trait influence the impact of job demands on job burnout.
Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a set-theoretic approach named fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze the data collected from 84 employees working in an research and development department of a public organization.
Findings
Findings revealed two distinct configurations. First, the absence of intrinsic and identified motivations lead to job burnout if extraverted participants suffer from high job demands. Second, non-extraverted participants reported high job burnout in the presence of high job demands, although all five types of motivations drove them.
Practical implications
This study suggests managers need to consider personalized preventive actions, depending on the level of extraversion trait when they try to motivate their employees who are dealing with high levels of job demands.
Originality/value
The emerging trend in social science suggests adopting linearity assumptions to study social phenomena is inconsistent with the reality of human behavior. Thus, this study used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the complex interplay among all five types of motivations, extraversion trait, job demands, which contribute to burnout.
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Yusoff MSB, Hadie SNH, Yasin MAM. The roles of emotional intelligence, neuroticism, and academic stress on the relationship between psychological distress and burnout in medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 34022865 PMCID: PMC8140426 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02733-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and burnout commonly threaten the mental health of medical students in Malaysia and elsewhere. This study aimed to explore the interrelations of psychological distress, emotional intelligence, personality traits, academic stress, and burnout among medical students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 241 medical students. Validated questionnaires were administered to measure burnout, psychological distress, emotional intelligence, personality traits, and academic stress, respectively. A structural equation modelling analysis was performed by AMOS. RESULTS The results suggested a structural model with good fit indices, in which psychological distress and academic stress were noted to have direct and indirect effects on burnout. The burnout levels significantly increased with the rise of psychological distress and academic stress. Neuroticism was only found to have significant indirect effects on burnout, whereby burnout increased when neuroticism increased. Emotional intelligence had a significant direct effect on lowering burnout with the incremental increase of emotional intelligence, but it was significantly reduced by psychological distress and neuroticism. CONCLUSION This study showed significant effects that psychological distress, emotional intelligence, academic stress, and neuroticism have on burnout. Academic stress and neuroticism significantly increased psychological distress, leading to an increased burnout level, while emotional intelligence had a significant direct effect on reducing burnout; however, this relationship was compromised by psychological distress and neuroticism, leading to increased burnout. Several practical recommendations for medical educators, medical students, and medical schools are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Nurma Hanim Hadie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azhar Mohd Yasin
- Deparment of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
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The Role of Burnout in the Association between Work-Related Factors and Perceived Errors in Clinical Practice among Spanish Residents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094931. [PMID: 34066327 PMCID: PMC8124853 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome in a sample of residents from different specialties, to determine the influence of work-related factors on the development of burnout, and to examine the mediating role of burnout in the relation between such work factors and perceived errors in clinical practice. A total of 237 Spanish residents participated (Mage = 28.87, SD = 3.84; 73.8% females). The Maslach Burnout Inventory and an ad hoc questionnaire were administered to assess burnout and work-related factors. Comparison analyses and mediational models were conducted. Half of the residents reported high levels of burnout (48.9%). Burnout was significantly associated with perceived errors in clinical practice. Significant differences were found between residents with lower and higher burnout levels, showing that those with higher burnout were less satisfied with the working conditions. Burnout mediated the associations between adjustment of responsibility, support among residents, satisfaction with teaching and rotations, general satisfaction, and perceived errors in the clinical practice. Adjusted levels of responsibility and workload, enhanced supervision, and more social support from colleagues predict lower levels of burnout, which may result in fewer errors in clinical practice. Consequently, such work-related factors should be taken into account as a preventive strategy for burnout and errors in the clinical practice so adequate patient care, good mental health of future specialists, and, therefore, higher quality of public health care can be ensured.
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Poelmann FB, Koëter T, Steinkamp PJ, Vriens MR, Verhoeven B, Kruijff S. The immediate impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on burn-out, work-engagement, and surgical training in the Netherlands. Surgery 2021; 170:719-726. [PMID: 33820653 PMCID: PMC7934663 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic led to major changes in health care and education options for all health care employees. The aim of this study is to achieve insight into coronavirus disease-care participation of surgical residents in the Netherlands, the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the experienced quality of surgical training, and the influence on Burn-out and Work Engagement compared with the non-coronavirus disease 2019 period in January 2020. METHODS In this study, we have conducted 2 digital surveys immediately before and 2 months after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We surveyed a validated Dutch questionnaire 'Utrecht Burn-out Scale,' derived from the Maslach Burn-out Inventory, and also collected the 'Utrecht Work Engagement Scale' measuring work engagement. Additionally, we describe the coronavirus disease-care participation of surgical residents, the impact on how they experienced the quality of their surgical training, and the influence on 'Burn-out and Work Engagement' compared with the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 period for surgical residents in the Netherlands. RESULTS In January 2020, a total of 317 residents completed the online survey, and in April 2020, a total of 313 residents completed the online survey. Of the responders, 48.6%, in April, participated in coronavirus disease-care in both the coronavirus disease ward as well as the coronavirus disease intensive care unit. Residents experienced that the coronavirus disease 2019 influenced their surgical training in 85.2% of responders. In only 5% of the residents did the pandemic not affect the exposure to surgical training in the operating theater. More burn-out symptoms were noted amongst coronavirus disease ward deployed residents versus no coronavirus disease ward deployment, (16.0% vs 7.6%, P = .06). The Work-Engagement questionnaire showed a significantly lower work engagement score of 4.2 for residents who were deployed in a coronavirus disease-care intensive care unit versus a score of 4.6 for residents scheduled in a coronavirus disease ward (P = .02). CONCLUSION This study shows a significant impact of the first months of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the Dutch surgical trainee program, with a major redistribution of residents with a decrease of surgical exposure and education. We emphasize the need for adequate guidance of all surgical residents and potentially lengthening the surgical training program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris B Poelmann
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tijmen Koëter
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Steinkamp
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Menno R Vriens
- Department of Surgery, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Verhoeven
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Schelto Kruijff
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Bianchi R, Manzano-García G, Rolland JP. Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study. Front Psychol 2021; 11:623912. [PMID: 33519650 PMCID: PMC7838215 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has often been asserted that burnout is primarily linked to occupational-context factors, and only secondarily to individual-level (e.g., personality) and non-work (or general) factors. We evaluated the validity of this view by examining the links between burnout and an array of 22 work-situated (effort-reward imbalance, unreasonable work tasks, unnecessary work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, skill development, performance feedback, and support in work life), work-unrelated (sentimental accomplishment, familial accomplishment, number of child[ren], leisure activities, residential satisfaction, environmental quality, security in daily life, and support in personal life), dispositional (neuroticism, sex, age, and physical condition), and intersecting (work–non-work conflict and non-work–work conflict) variables. The study involved schoolteachers from three different countries: France (N = 4,395), Spain (N = 611), and Switzerland (N = 514). Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators. Most of our predictors were assessed based on widely used measures (e.g., neuroticism was assessed with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory). In order to assess sentimental accomplishment and familial accomplishment, we created two self-reported measures, namely, the Sentimental Accomplishment Inventory (SAI; 9 items) and the Familial Accomplishment Inventory (FAI; 9 items). The SAI and the FAI both showed strong reliability and high factorial validity. Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis and Mokken scaling suggested that both instruments could be considered essentially unidimensional. The study results showed that neuroticism, job strain, skill development, security in daily life, and work–non-work conflict were consistently associated with burnout across the three samples. Sample-specific predictors of burnout included sex, age, unreasonable work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, support in work life, sentimental accomplishment, leisure activities, support in personal life, and non-work–work conflict. Relative weight analysis indicated that neuroticism was the best predictor of burnout in each sample. Our findings suggest that burnout’s nomological network may not be primarily job-related. We conclude that the tendency to de-emphasize individual-level and non-work factors in burnout research is unwise. This tendency may constitute a roadblock in the development of effective interventional strategies. The implications of our findings for burnout’s conceptual status are discussed. The neuroticism-burnout link should be further examined in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Bianchi
- Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Rolland
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
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Pascoal FFDS, Costa SFGD, Batista PSDS, Carvalho MAPD, Lordão AV, Batista JBV. Sobrecarga em trabalhadores de saúde de um complexo hospitalar psiquiátrico no Nordeste brasileiro. ESCOLA ANNA NERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2021-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo este artigo visa identificar os aspectos que causam a sobrecarga laboral em um complexo psiquiátrico e verificar estratégias de minimização desta sobrecarga. Método os dados foram coletados com trabalhadores de um complexo hospitalar psiquiátrico na cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Aplicou-se a Escala de Avaliação do Impacto do Trabalho em Serviços de Saúde Mental (IMPACTO-BR) na coleta de dados, os quais foram processados no software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRAMUTEQ) e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados os resultados foram sistematizados em duas categorias temáticas: Aspectos de sobrecarga laboral e Estratégias para amenizar a sobrecarga. Foi relevado que as maiores causas de sobrecarga são do contexto organizacional, enquanto que o menor impacto advém do paciente. Conclusão e implicações para a prática as estratégias sugeridas discorreram desde a aquisição de um trabalho digno, com direitos trabalhista, até as ações voltadas para um melhor atendimento para o paciente. Sugere-se que sejam implementadas ações políticas e institucionais de incentivo à integração da equipe, valorização do trabalho e cuidado da saúde física e mental do trabalhador.
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de Lange AH, Pak K, Osagie E, van Dam K, Christensen M, Furunes T, Løvseth LT, Detaille S. An Open Time Perspective and Social Support to Sustain in Healthcare Work: Results of a Two-Wave Complete Panel Study. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1308. [PMID: 32625151 PMCID: PMC7315785 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on lifespan developmental psychology and psychosocial work characteristics theory, we examined longitudinal relations between calendar age, occupational time perspective, different types of job demands and job resources in relation to sustainable employability (i.e., work ability, vitality and employability) among healthcare workers in Netherlands (N = 1478). Results of our two-wave complete panel study revealed satisfactory fit indices for the metric invariance of the included variables across the two waves (6-month time lag). Our results revealed a negative relation between calendar age and external employability of healthcare workers (limited support for hypothesis 1), and more consistent evidence for positive relations between an open future time perspective and across-time changes in vitality, work ability and external employability (supporting hypothesis 2). Few significant findings were found for relations between specific job demands or job resources and indicators of sustainable employability of healthcare workers (mixed results hypotheses 3 and 4). Our explorative tests of possible moderating effects of age or occupational time perspective in predicting relations between psychosocial work characteristics and indicators of sustainable employability revealed only a significant interaction effect of supervisor support and future time perspective in explaining across-time changes in external employability of healthcare workers (rejecting hypothesis 5 and confirming hypothesis 6). We discuss the practical as well as theoretical implications of these findings, and present recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet H de Lange
- Department Work and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands.,Human Resource Management, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Norwegian School of Hotel Management, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Karen Pak
- Human Resource Management, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Institute of Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eghe Osagie
- Human Resource Management, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Karen van Dam
- Department Work and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Marit Christensen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trude Furunes
- Human Resource Management, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Norwegian School of Hotel Management, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lise Tevik Løvseth
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarah Detaille
- Human Resource Management, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Fowler JB, Fiani B, Kiessling JW, Khan YR, Li C, Quadri SA, Mahato D, Siddiqi J. The Correlation of Burnout and Optimism among Medical Residents. Cureus 2020; 12:e6860. [PMID: 32181095 PMCID: PMC7053691 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Burnout is common among clinical specialties and has implications on the residents' well-being and mental health. Evidence suggests that optimism and burnout are correlated, but research has not focused on the applicability to medical residents. The objective of the study was to define burnout in residents and correlate it with optimism. Methods The authors conducted a correlational, prospective cross-sectional study using self-reported single item burnout (1-10) and Life Oriented Test-Revised (LOT-R) (0-24) survey instruments among residents of neurosurgery, neurology, internal medicine, family medicine and emergency medicine at a community-based hospital. Residents were asked to fill out the survey once in the 2018 academic year and once again in the 2019 academic year. Burnout and optimism scores were correlated and compared across subgroups for each year. Results There was no statistical significance found amongst any subgroups in burnout in 2018 but significance was found for both internal medicine (t = 3.74, p = 0.001) and neurosurgery (t = -3.07, p = 0.01) in 2019. Mean burnout increased from 2018 to 2019 from 4.39 to 5.1. Optimism remained constant from 2018 to 2019 (16.7 and 16.76, respectively) and there was no difference across subgroups. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between burnout and optimism in both 2018 (r = -0.364, p = 0.006) and 2019 (r = -0.39, p = .001). Conclusion Burnout and optimism are negatively correlated. Although burnout increased over time, optimism remained constant indicating the stability of this trait and implication for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Fowler
- Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA
| | - Brian Fiani
- Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA
| | | | - Yasir R Khan
- Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA
| | - Syed A Quadri
- Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - Javed Siddiqi
- Neurosurgery, Desert Regional Medical Center, Palm Springs, USA
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NAVINÉS RICARD, OLIVÉ VICTORIA, MARTÍN-SANTOS ROCIO. Residency training: a period of risk for mental health? ARCH CLIN PSYCHIAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- RICARD NAVINÉS
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica August Pi i Sunyer, Espanha; Universidad de Barcelona, Espanha; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, España
| | | | - ROCIO MARTÍN-SANTOS
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica August Pi i Sunyer, Espanha; Universidad de Barcelona, Espanha; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, España; National Institute for Translational Medicine, Espanha; CNPq, Brazil
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31
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Roseman G, Davies R. Comment on: The relationship between burnout, personality traits, and medical specialty. MEDICAL TEACHER 2019; 41:1208-1209. [PMID: 30942643 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2019.1585790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Roseman
- Medical Sciences Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Rachel Davies
- Medical Sciences Division, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Fainberg J, Lee RK. What Is Underlying Resident Burnout in Urology and What Can Be Done to Address this? Curr Urol Rep 2019; 20:62. [PMID: 31478112 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-019-0925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Physician burnout-a constellation of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, reduced feelings of personal attachment, and a low sense of accomplishment-is a term that has been around since the 1980s. Burnout rates among residents and fellows are higher than medical students, attending physicians, and age-matched college graduates, with rates ranging from 40-80% of trainees across subspecialties. Unfortunately, burnout among residents and trainees has been linked to lower scores on in-service examinations for internal medicine residents as well as poorer overall health and exercise habits. The purpose of this review is to quantify the extent of burnout among urology residents and examine effective techniques and measures to prevent burnout and practically what can be done to combat this growing epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Fainberg
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 E68th Street Starr 900, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard K Lee
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 E68th Street Starr 900, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Farfán J, Peña M, Topa G. Lack of Group Support and Burnout Syndrome in Workers of the State Security Forces and Corps: Moderating Role of Neuroticism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55090536. [PMID: 31454999 PMCID: PMC6781253 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This research analyzes the relationship between the lack of group support and burnout syndrome in workers of the State Security Forces and Corps, considering the role of personality traits in this relationship. In particular, it is hypothesized that neuroticism will moderate this relationship. Materials and Methods: Participants were 237 workers from the State Security Forces and Corps dedicated to tasks of citizen security. Results: The results show that neuroticism moderates the relationship between lack of group support and the three components of the burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment. Conclusions: The findings are discussed, suggesting intervention strategies for the improvement of the agents’ personal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Farfán
- Health Psychology Program, International School of Doctorate, National Distance Education University (UNED), Juan del Rosal 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Peña
- Health Psychology Program, International School of Doctorate, National Distance Education University (UNED), Juan del Rosal 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriela Topa
- Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, National Distance Education University (UNED), Juan del Rosal 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción 1628, Paraguay.
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Cantrell T, Abbud L, Bennett A, Abbud N, Pai H. Comment on: The relationship between burnout, personality traits, and medical specialty. MEDICAL TEACHER 2019; 41:967-968. [PMID: 30663466 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2018.1554895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Cantrell
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Lamaan Abbud
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Annabel Bennett
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Nurhan Abbud
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Hari Pai
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London , London , UK
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