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Liu H, Wang ZY, Zhou YC, Song W, Ali U, Sze DMY. Immunomodulation of Chinese Herbal Medicines on NK cell populations for cancer therapy: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113561. [PMID: 33157222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Immunomodulation has become a crucial modality for cancer treatment. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) are expected as adjuvant therapy for immunomodulation against cancer, but face the key challenge of poor scientific evidence. Changes of natural killer (NK) cells on numbers and/or cytotoxicity are a novel respect to evaluate the immunomodulation of CHMs. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this review is to investigate the immunomodulation of Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) on NK cell populations for cancer therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted and outside mainstream electronic databases were screened for potential reference articles. This review tried to report and critically analyzed all the correlative studies, especially these clinical trials (3 CHM extracts and 11 CHM formulas). RESULTS Evidence-based functions of CHMs against cancer could be summarized as: (1) enhancement of NK cells activity or relative percentage; (2) prevention of tumor growth and metastasis; (3) relief on side-effects or complications of therapeutic strategies (i.e. chemotherapy, radiotherapy and resection). Briefly, most of cellular studies and two thirds animal studies were based on the extract or components of single herbs, whilst most of clinical trials were keen on formula or prescription of CHMs. The main components of CHMs were demonstrated active on promoting the cytotoxicity of NK cells, including Angelica sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, Panax ginseng, Radix Astragali, Lentinus edodes, etc. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive review demonstrated NK cells activity was positively associated with quality of life but not survival benefit of cancer patients. Thus exploring the roles of NK cells in adjuvant therapy against cancer is confirmed to be beneficial to explore the underlying relationship between immunomodulation and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, And Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yu-Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, And School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Usman Ali
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Daniel M-Y Sze
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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Liu W, Xiao K, Ren L, Sui Y, Chen J, Zhang T, Li XQ, Cao W. Leukemia cells apoptosis by a newly discovered heterogeneous polysaccharide from Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wang C, Zhang W, Wong JH, Ng T, Ye X. Diversity of potentially exploitable pharmacological activities of the highly prized edible medicinal fungus Antrodia camphorata. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7843-7867. [PMID: 31407039 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata, also known as A. cinnamomea, is a precious medicinal basidiomycete fungus endemic to Taiwan. This article summarizes the recent advances in research on the multifarious pharmacological effects of A. camphorata. The mushroom exhibits anticancer activity toward a large variety of cancers including breast, cervical, ovarian, prostate, bladder, colorectal, pancreatic, liver, and lung cancers; melanoma; leukemia; lymphoma; neuroblastoma; and glioblastoma. Other activities encompass antiinflammatory, antiatopic dermatitis, anticachexia, immunoregulatory, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antiplatelet, antioxidative, antiphotodamaging, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, neuroprotective, testis protecting, antiasthmatic, osteogenic, osteoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, and wound healing activities. This review aims to provide a reference for further development and utilization of this highly prized mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzibun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiujuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
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Tong ZZ, Fang ZM, Zhang Q, Zhan Y, Zhang Y, Jiang WF, Hou X, Li YL, Wang T. Plasmodium yoelii infection inhibits murine leukaemia WEHI-3 cell proliferation in vivo by promoting immune responses. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:48. [PMID: 29764519 PMCID: PMC5954458 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leukaemia is a malignant leukocyte disorder with a high fatality rate, and current treatments for this disease are unsatisfactory. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies for leukaemia must be developed. Malaria parasite infection has been shown to be effective at combating certain neoplasms in animal experiments. This study is to demonstrate the anti-leukaemia activity of malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii (P. yoelii) infection,. Methods In this study, the proportion of CD3, CD19, CD11b and Mac-3 cells was analysed by flow cytometry; the levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in individual serum samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the phagocytic activity of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cell activity were measured by flow cytometry. Results We found that P. yoelii infection significantly attenuated the growth of WEHI-3 cells in mice. In addition, tumor cell infiltration into the murine liver and spleen was markedly reduced. We also demonstrated that malaria parasite infection elicited anti-leukaemia activity by promoting immune responses, including increasing the surface markers of T cells (CD3) and B cells (CD19); decreasing the surface markers of monocytes (CD11b) and macrophages (Mac-3); inducing the secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α; and increasing NK cell and macrophage activity. Conclusions Malaria parasite infection significantly decreases the number of myeloblasts and inhibits neoplasm proliferation in mice. In addition, malaria parasite infection inhibits murine leukaemia by promoting immune responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0433-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Tong
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Fang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Zhan
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wan-Fang Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong-Long Li
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Hung FM, Shang HS, Tang NY, Lin JJ, Lu KW, Lin JP, Ko YC, Yu CC, Wang HL, Liao JC, Lu HF, Chung JG. Effects of diallyl trisulfide on induction of apoptotic death in murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and alterations of the immune responses in normal and leukemic mice in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1343-1353. [PMID: 24890016 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a chemopreventive dietary constituent and extracted from garlic, has been shown to against cultured many types of human cancer cell liens but the fate of apoptosis in murine leukemia cells in vitro and immune responses in leukemic mice remain elusive. Herein, we clarified the actions of DATS on growth inhibition of murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and used WEHI-3 cells to generate leukemic mice in vivo, following to investigate the effects of DATS in animal model. In in vitro study, DATS induced apoptosis of WEHI-3 cells through the G0/G1 phase arrest and induction of caspase-3 activation. In in vivo study DATS decreased the weight of spleen of leukemia mice but did not affect the spleen weight of normal mice. DATS promoted the immune responses such as promotions of the macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activities in WEHI-3 leukemic and normal mice. However, DATS only promotes NK cell activities in normal mice. DATS increases the surface markers of CD11b and Mac-3 in leukemia mice but only promoted CD3 in normal mice. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DATS induces cell death through induction of apoptosis in mice leukemia WHEI-3 cells. DATS also promotes immune responses in leukemia and normal mice in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Allyl Compounds/pharmacology
- Allyl Compounds/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/pharmacology
- Anticarcinogenic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Differentiation/immunology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Garlic/chemistry
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/prevention & control
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Sulfides/pharmacology
- Sulfides/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ming Hung
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, 220, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Shang
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nou-Ying Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jyh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Wen Lu
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Pin Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Ching Ko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Lung Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chi Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Feng Lu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Restaurant, Hotel and Institutional Management, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 242, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
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Park DK, Lim YH, Park HJ. Antrodia camphorata grown on germinated brown rice inhibits HT-29 human colon carcinoma proliferation through inducing G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis by targeting the β-catenin signaling. J Med Food 2014; 16:681-91. [PMID: 23957353 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata (AC) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat food and drug intoxication, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypertension, pruritis (skin itch), and liver cancer in East Asia. In this study, we investigated anticancer activities of AC grown on germinated brown rice (CBR) in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. We found that the inhibitory efficacy of CBR 80% ethanol (EtOH) extract on HT-29 and CT-26 cell proliferation was more effective than ordinary AC EtOH 80% extract. Next, 80% EtOH extract of CBR was further separated into four fractions; hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol (BuOH), and water. Among them, CBR EtOAc fraction showed the strongest inhibitory activity against HT-29 cell proliferation. Therefore, CBR EtOAc fraction was chosen for further studies. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining data indicated that CBR EtOAc fraction induced apoptosis. Induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest on human colon carcinoma cell was observed in CBR EtOAc fraction-treated cells. We found that CBR decreased the level of proteins involved in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. CBR EtOAc fraction inhibited the β-catenin signaling pathway, supporting its suppressive activity on the level of cyclin D1. High performance liquid chromatography analysis data indicated that CBR EtOAc fraction contained adenosine. This is the first investigation that CBR has a greater potential as a novel chemopreventive agent than AC against colon cancer. These data suggest that CBR might be useful as a chemopreventive agent against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ki Park
- Cell Activation Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Yu FS, Yang JS, Yu CS, Chiang JH, Lu CC, Chung HK, Yu CC, Wu CC, Ho HC, Chung JG. Safrole suppresses murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vivo, and stimulates macrophage phagocytosis and natural killer cell cytotoxicity in leukemic mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:601-608. [PMID: 24150866 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Many anticancer drugs are obtained from phytochemicals and natural products. However, some phytochemicals have mutagenic effects. Safrole, a component of Piper betle inflorescence, has been reported to be a carcinogen. We have previously reported that safrole induced apoptosis in human oral cancer cells in vitro and inhibited the human oral tumor xenograft growth in vivo. Until now, there is no information addressing if safrole promotes immune responses in vivo. To evaluate whether safrole modulated immune function, BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with murine myelomonocytic WEHI-3 leukemia cells to establish leukemia and then were treated with or without safrole at 4 and 16 mg/kg. Animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks post-treatment with safrole for examining the immune cell populations, phagocytosis of macrophages and the natural killer (NK) cells' cytotoxicity. Results indicated that safrole increased the body weight, and decreased the weights of spleen and liver in leukemic mice. Furthermore, safrole promoted the activities of macrophages phagocytosis and NK cells' cytotoxicity in leukemic mice when compared with untreated leukemic mice. After determining the cell marker population, we found that safrole promoted the levels of CD3 (T cells), CD19 (B cells) and Mac-3 (macrophages), but it did not affect CD11b (monocytes) in leukemic mice. In conclusion, safrole altered the immune modulation and inhibited the leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD19/blood
- Apoptosis/immunology
- Biomarkers/blood
- CD11b Antigen/blood
- CD3 Complex/blood
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/pathology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Safrole/pharmacology
- Safrole/therapeutic use
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shun Yu
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Lu MC, El-Shazly M, Wu TY, Du YC, Chang TT, Chen CF, Hsu YM, Lai KH, Chiu CP, Chang FR, Wu YC. Recent research and development of Antrodia cinnamomea. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:124-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tsou MF, Tien N, Lu CC, Chiang JH, Yang JS, Lin JP, Fan MJ, Lu JJ, Yeh SP, Chung JG. Phenethyl isothiocyanate promotes immune responses in normal BALB/c mice, inhibits murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells, and stimulates immunomodulations in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:127-136. [PMID: 21626647 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced cruciferous vegetable consumption is associated with the reduction of cancer incidence as shown in epidemiological studies. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), one of the important compounds in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to induce apoptosis in many types of human cancer cell lines, but there is no available information addressing the effects on normal and leukemia mice in vivo. The purpose of this study is to focus on the in vivo effects of PEITC on immune responses of normal and WEHI-3 leukemia BALB/c mice in vivo. Influences of PEITC on BALB/c mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with WEHI-3 cells and normal mice were investigated. In normal BALB/c mice, PEITC did not affect the body weight when compared to the olive oil treated animals. Moreover, PEITC promoted phagocytosis by macrophages from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and peritoneal cavity, increased the levels of CD11b and Mac-3, decreased the level of CD19 and promoted natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity, but it did not alter the level of CD3. Also, PEITC enhanced T cell proliferation after concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation. Otherwise, PEITC increased the body weight, but decreased the weight of liver and spleen as compared to the olive oil-treated WEHI-3 leukemia mice. PEITC also increased the level of CD19, decreased the levels of CD3 and Mac-3 rather than influence in the level of CD11b, suggesting that the differentiation of the precursor of macrophages and T cells was inhibited, but the differentiation of the precursor of B cells was promoted in leukemia mice. Furthermore, PEITC enhanced phagocytosis by monocytes and macrophages from PBMC and peritoneal cavity, and also promoted the NK cell cytotoxic activity in comparison with the group of leukemia mice. Based on these observations, the biological properties of PEITC can promote immune responses in normal and WEHI-3 leukemia mice in vivo. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2013.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Concanavalin A/pharmacology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- Immunomodulation/drug effects
- Isothiocyanates/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Experimental/blood
- Leukemia, Experimental/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Experimental/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Phagocytosis/immunology
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fen Tsou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Lu CC, Yang JS, Chiang JH, Hour MJ, Lin KL, Lin JJ, Huang WW, Tsuzuki M, Lee TH, Chung JG. Novel quinazolinone MJ-29 triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress and intrinsic apoptosis in murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells and inhibits leukemic mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36831. [PMID: 22662126 PMCID: PMC3360742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was to explore the biological responses of the newly compound, MJ-29 in murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro and in vivo fates. We focused on the in vitro effects of MJ-29 on ER stress and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic death in WEHI-3 cells, and to hypothesize that MJ-29 might fully impair the orthotopic leukemic mice. Our results indicated that a concentration-dependent decrease of cell viability was shown in MJ-29-treated cells. DNA content was examined utilizing flow cytometry, whereas apoptotic populations were determined using annexin V/PI, DAPI staining and TUNEL assay. Increasing vital factors of mitochondrial dysfunction by MJ-29 were further investigated. Thus, MJ-29-provaked apoptosis of WEHI-3 cells is mediated through the intrinsic pathway. Importantly, intracellular Ca2+ release and ER stress-associated signaling also contributed to MJ-29-triggered cell apoptosis. We found that MJ-29 stimulated the protein levels of calpain 1, CHOP and p-eIF2α pathways in WEHI-3 cells. In in vivo experiments, intraperitoneal administration of MJ-29 significantly improved the total survival rate, enhanced body weight and attenuated enlarged spleen and liver tissues in leukemic mice. The infiltration of immature myeloblastic cells into splenic red pulp was reduced in MJ-29-treated leukemic mice. Moreover, MJ-29 increased the differentiations of T and B cells but decreased that of macrophages and monocytes. Additionally, MJ-29-stimulated immune responses might be involved in anti-leukemic activity in vivo. Based on these observations, MJ-29 suppresses WEHI-3 cells in vitro and in vivo, and it is proposed that this potent and selective agent could be a new chemotherapeutic candidate for anti-leukemia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hua Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mann-Jen Hour
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Li Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jyh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Minoru Tsuzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan
- Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JGC); (THL)
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (JGC); (THL)
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Fan MJ, Lin SY, Yu CC, Tang NY, Ho HC, Chung HK, Yang JS, Huang YP, Ip SW, Chung JG. Safrole-modulated immune response is mediated through enhancing the CD11b surface marker and stimulating the phagocytosis by macrophages in BALB/c mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:898-904. [PMID: 22531970 DOI: 10.1177/0960327111421944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Safrole, a component of piper betle inflorescence, is a documented rodent hepatocarcinogen and inhibits bactericidal activity and the release of superoxide anion (O(2-)) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). In the present study, we investigated the effects of safrole on immune responses, including natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, phagocytic activity and population distribution of leukocytes from normal BALB/c mice. The cells population (cell surface markers) and phagocytosis by macrophages and monocytes from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were determined, and NK cell cytotoxicity from splenocytes of mice after oral treatment with safrole was performed using flow cytometric assay. Results indicated that safrole did not affect the weights of body, spleen and liver when compared with the normal mice group. Safrole also promoted the levels of CD11b (monocytes) and Mac-3 (macrophages) that might be the reason for promoting the activity of phagocytosis. However, safrole reduced the cell population such as CD3 (T cells) and CD19 (B cells) of safrole-treated normal mice by oral administration. Furthermore, safrole elevated the uptake of Escherichia coli-labelled fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) by macrophages from blood and significantly stimulated the NK cell cytotoxicity in normal mice in vivo. In conclusions, alterations of the cell population (the increase in monocytes and macrophages, respectively) in safrole-treated normal BALB/c mice might indirectly influence the immune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-J Fan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Tu SH, Wu CH, Chen LC, Huang CS, Chang HW, Chang CH, Lien HM, Ho YS. In vivo antitumor effects of 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole isolated from the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorata through activation of the p53-mediated p27/Kip1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:3612-3618. [PMID: 22429157 DOI: 10.1021/jf300221g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,3-benzodioxole (SY-1) was isolated from three different sources of dried Antrodia camphorata (AC) fruiting bodies. AC is a medicinal mushroom that grows on the inner heartwood wall of Cinnamomum kanehirai Hay (Lauraceae), which is an endemic species that is used in Chinese medicine for its antitumor properties. We demonstrated that SY-1 [given as a 1-30 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal (ip) injection three times per week] profoundly decreased the growth of COLO-205 human colon cancer cell tumor xenografts in an athymic nude mouse model. We further demonstrated that significant AC extract-mediated antitumor effects were observed at the highest concentration (5 g/kg body weight/day). No gross toxicity signs were observed (i.e., body weight changes, general appearance, or individual organ effects). Frozen COLO-205 xenograft tumors were pulverized in liquid N(2), and the expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins was detected by immunoblotting. We found that the p53-mediated p27/Kip1 protein was significantly induced in the low-dose (1 mg/kg body weight) SY-1-treated tumors, whereas the p21/Cip1 protein levels did not change. The G0/G1 phase cell cycle regulators induced by SY-1 were also associated with a significant decrease in cyclins D1, D3, and A. These results provide further evidence that SY-1 may have significance for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsin Tu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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