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Kim HY, Yoo YH. The Role of STAMP2 in Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases Focusing on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092082. [PMID: 36140186 PMCID: PMC9495648 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health issue. NAFLD can progress from simple hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, there is no currently approved pharmacologic therapy for NAFLD patients. The six transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2), a metalloreductase involved in iron and copper homeostasis, is well known for its critical role in the coordination of glucose/lipid metabolism and inflammation in metabolic tissues. We previously demonstrated that hepatic STAMP2 could be a suitable therapeutic target for NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of STAMP2 in the dysregulation of iron metabolism events leading to NAFLD and suggest therapeutic strategies targeting STAMP2.
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Pilikidou M, Palyvou F, Papadopoulou SK, Tsiouda T, Tsekitsidi E, Arvaniti K, Miziou A, Tsingerlioti Z, Apostolidis G, Ntiloudis R, Boniou K, Tsioudas AA, Cheva A, Petridis D, Zarogoulidis P. Lung cancer, treatment and nutritional status. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:248. [PMID: 34671467 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is often diagnosed at inoperable advanced stages, and most patients exhibit cancer cachexia. The nutritional status of patients has been previously observed to serve a key role in cancer survival and cancer surgery. The aim of the current study was to collect information regarding the treatment of patients and associate them with different nutritional measurements. A total of 82 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were included in the present study. Several parameters were assessed, such as body mass index (BMI), Mediterranian diet score, number of years spent smoking, basic metabolsim (RMR; kcal/day), VO2 (ml/min), ventilation (lt/min) and physical activity. All the aforementioned parameters were associated with patient treatment, nutritional status and survival. Two-way ANOVA was conducted and pairwise group mean differences were tested using Fisher's LSD and Tukey tests. Normality and variance homogeneity was checked in all cases. The results revealed that RMR and oxygen consumption were negatively affected by the survival status of patients (P=0.012 and P=0.043, respectively). The mean fat difference was higher in patients treated with immunotherapy, and lower in those treated with chemotherapy in addition to immunotherapy, as demonstrated by Tukey comparisons. The survival of 25 patients were affected by the treatment they received (P=0.006). Chemotherapy administered in addition to immunotherapy prolonged patient life almost two-fold when compared with the individual effects of the two treatments, which became equal according to Fisher's LSD comparisons. In conclusion, the nutritional status of patients was associated with the administration of chemotherapy in addition to immunotherapy, and patient survival. Increased metabolism and fat mass were also associated with prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilikidou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece.,Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Foteini Palyvou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodora Tsiouda
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Tsekitsidi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Arvaniti
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Miziou
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Tsingerlioti
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Apostolidis
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Romanos Ntiloudis
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Boniou
- Pulmonary-Oncology Department, 'Theageneio' Cancer Hospital, 54007 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios A Tsioudas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Petridis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Geosciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department, 'Bioclinic' Private Hospital, 54622 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Yang Q, Ji G, Li J. STEAP2 is down-regulated in breast cancer tissue and suppresses PI3K/AKT signaling and breast cancer cell invasion in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 21:278-291. [PMID: 31696760 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1685290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 2 (STEAP2) protein was identified in advanced prostate cancer, and is highly over-expressed in various types of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value and the function of STEAP2 in breast cancer. STEAP2 mRNA and protein expressions in breast normal and cancer tissues, breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, BT-549, BT-474, MDA-MB-361, HCC1937, and MDA-MB-468) and normal mammary epithelial cell lines (HBL-100 and MCF-10A) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, real time RT-qPCR and western blotting. The expression of STEAP2 in breast cancer tissues and its value of evaluating the prognosis of breast cancer patients was validated in the Public Databases (Oncomine and Kaplan-Meier plotter database). Lentiviral vectors with STEAP2 cDNA and shRNA were constructed and used to infect breast cancer cell lines and normal mammary epithelial cell line to investigate the effects of STEAP2 up- and down- regulation on the biological behavior of breast cells. The low expression of STEAP2 was detected in breast cancer tissues, which was associated with malignant phenotype and poor prognosis of breast cancer. The public databases analyses were consistent with our findings. STEAP2 up-regulation hindered cellular proliferation, invasion and metastasis abilities by inhibiting EMT process and suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. On the other hand, STEAP2 down-regulation could promote cell proliferation and invasion by inducing EMT and activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Collectively, STEAP2 acted as an anti-oncogene in breast cancer development, which suggested a new research objective for the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoxin Ji
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Scarl RT, Lawrence CM, Gordon HM, Nunemaker CS. STEAP4: its emerging role in metabolism and homeostasis of cellular iron and copper. J Endocrinol 2017; 234:R123-R134. [PMID: 28576871 PMCID: PMC6166870 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Preserving energy homeostasis in the presence of stressors such as proinflammatory cytokines and nutrient overload is crucial to maintaining normal cellular function. Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 4 (STEAP4), a metalloreductase involved in iron and copper homeostasis, is thought to play a potentially important role in the cellular response to inflammatory stress. Genome-wide association studies have linked various mutations in STEAP4 with the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Several studies have shown that expression of Steap4 is modulated by inflammatory cytokines, hormones and other indicators of cellular stress and that STEAP4 may protect cells from damage, helping to maintain normal metabolic function. STEAP4 appears to be particularly relevant in metabolically oriented cells, such as adipocytes, hepatocytes and pancreatic islet cells. These cells struggle to maintain their function in iron or copper overloaded states, presumably due to increased oxidative stress, suggesting STEAP4's role in metal homeostasis is critical to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in general, and in preventing the onset of metabolic disease. In this review, we explore genetic associations of STEAP4 with metabolic disorders, and we examine STEAP4 tissue expression, subcellular localization, regulation, structure and function as it relates to metabolic diseases. We then examine how STEAP4's role as a regulator of cellular iron and copper may relate to type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel T Scarl
- Diabetes InstituteHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - C Martin Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryMontana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Hannah M Gordon
- Diabetes InstituteHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Craig S Nunemaker
- Diabetes InstituteHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHeritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
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Gordon HM, Majithia N, MacDonald PE, Fox JEM, Sharma PR, Byrne FL, Hoehn KL, Evans-Molina C, Langman L, Brayman KL, Nunemaker CS. STEAP4 expression in human islets is associated with differences in body mass index, sex, HbA1c, and inflammation. Endocrine 2017; 56:528-537. [PMID: 28405880 PMCID: PMC6166871 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE STEAP4 (six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 4) is a metalloreductase that has been shown previously to protect cells from inflammatory damage. Genetic variants in STEAP4 have been associated with numerous metabolic disorders related to obesity, including putative defects in the acute insulin response to glucose in type 2 diabetes. PURPOSE We examined whether obesity and/or type 2 diabetes altered STEAP4 expression in human pancreatic islets. METHODS Human islets were isolated from deceased donors at two medical centers and processed for quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Organ donors were selected by status as non-diabetic or having type 2 diabetes. Site 1 (Edmonton): N = 13 type 2 diabetes donors (7M, 6F), N = 20 non-diabetic donors (7M, 13F). Site 2 (Virginia): N = 6 type 2 diabetes donors (6F), N = 6 non-diabetic donors (3M, 3F). RESULTS STEAP4 showed reduced islet expression with increasing body mass index among all donors (P < 0.10) and non-diabetic donors (P < 0.05) from Site 1; STEAP4 showed reduced islet expression among type 2 diabetes donors with increasing hemoglobin A1c. Islet STEAP4 expression was also marginally higher in female donors (P < 0.10). Among type 2 diabetes donors from Site 2, islet insulin expression was reduced, STEAP4 expression was increased, and white blood cell counts were increased compared to non-diabetic donors. Islets from non-diabetic donors that were exposed overnight to 5 ng/ml IL-1β displayed increased STEAP4 expression, consistent with STEAP4 upregulation by inflammatory signaling. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that increased STEAP4 mRNA expression is associated with inflammatory stimuli, whereas lower STEAP4 expression is associated with obesity in human islets. Given its putative protective role, downregulation of STEAP4 by chronic obesity suggests a mechanism for reduced islet protection against cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Gordon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Neil Majithia
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Jocelyn E Manning Fox
- Alberta Diabetes Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Poonam R Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Frances L Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Kyle L Hoehn
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda Langman
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kenneth L Brayman
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Craig S Nunemaker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
- Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
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Yoo SK, Cheong J, Kim HY. STAMPing into Mitochondria. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:321-6. [PMID: 24643198 PMCID: PMC3957087 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.8456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Six transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) is a protein that has been extensively studied due to its association with prostate cancer. Currently, STAMP2 is well known for its critical role in metabolism and modulating inflammatory signals. Even so, the molecular mechanism of STAMP2 activity and its downstream effectors are still largely unknown. Here, we review the current knowledge of STAMP2, and suggest possible explanations for some of its less well-understood features. A few studies suggest that STAMP2 may interact with mitochondria. Considering STAMP2 functions as a potential component of mitochondrial biology may yield valuable insight into this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Keun Yoo
- 1. Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Korea; ; 2. Department of Biological Sciences College of Life Science and Bioengineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Deajeon 305-701, Korea
| | - JaeHun Cheong
- 1. Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- 1. Department of Molecular Biology College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Busan 609-735, Korea
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Narvaez CJ, Simmons KM, Brunton J, Salinero A, Chittur SV, Welsh JE. Induction of STEAP4 correlates with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulation of adipogenesis in mesenchymal progenitor cells derived from human adipose tissue. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:2024-36. [PMID: 23553608 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in human adipocytes and is transiently induced during early adipogenesis in mesenchymal progenitor cell models. VDR null mice exhibit enhanced energy expenditure and reduced adiposity even when fed high fat diets. Adipocyte-specific transgenic-expression of human VDR in mice enhances adipose tissue mass, indicating that VDR activation in adipocytes enhances lipid storage in vivo. In these studies, we conducted genomic profiling and differentiation assays in primary cultures of human adipose-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells to define the role of the VDR and its ligand 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) in adipogenesis. In the presence of adipogenic media, 1,25D promoted lipid accumulation and enhanced the expression of FABP4, FASN, and PPARγ. Mesenchymal cells derived from 6-month old VDR null mice exhibited impaired adipogenesis ex vivo but differentiation was restored by stable expression of human VDR. STEAP4, a gene that encodes a metalloreductase linked to obesity, insulin sensitivity, metabolic homeostasis and inflammation, was highly induced in human adipose cells differentiated in the presence of 1,25D but was minimally affected by 1,25D in undifferentiated precursors. These studies provide a molecular basis for recent epidemiological associations between vitamin D status, body weight and insulin resistance which may have relevance for prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Narvaez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12144, USA
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Grunewald TGP, Bach H, Cossarizza A, Matsumoto I. The STEAP protein family: versatile oxidoreductases and targets for cancer immunotherapy with overlapping and distinct cellular functions. Biol Cell 2012; 104:641-57. [PMID: 22804687 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The human six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) protein family contains at least five homologous members. The necessity of multiple homologous STEAP proteins is still unclear, but their peculiar and tissue-specific expression suggests that they are assigned to distinct functional tasks. This concept is supported by the fact that especially STEAP1, and to a lesser extent STEAP2 and -4, are highly over-expressed in many different cancer entities, while being only minimally expressed in a few normal tissues. Despite their very similar domain organisation, STEAP3 seems to act as a potent metalloreductase essential for physiological iron uptake and turnover, while in particular STEAP4 appears to be rather involved in responses to nutrients and inflammatory stress, fatty acid and glucose metabolism. Moreover, individual STEAP proteins possess overlapping functions important for growth and survival of cancer cells. Due to their membrane-bound localisation and their high expression in many different cancers such as prostate, breast and bladder carcinoma as well as Ewing's sarcoma, STEAP proteins have been recognised and utilised as promising targets for cell- and antibody-based immunotherapy. This review summarises our present knowledge of the individual members of the human STEAP family and highlights the functional differences between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G P Grunewald
- INSERM Unit 830 'Genetics and Biology of Cancer', Institut Curie Research Center, Paris, France.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2012; 24:109-14. [DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e32834f4ea3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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