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Messire G, Rollin P, Gillaizeau I, Berteina-Raboin S. Synthetic Modifications of Andrographolide Targeting New Potential Anticancer Drug Candidates: A Comprehensive Overview. Molecules 2024; 29:2884. [PMID: 38930949 PMCID: PMC11206892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review collects the synthetic modifications performed on andrographolide, a natural molecule derived from Andrographis paniculata, for oncology applications. Various pharmacomodulations were carried out, and the products were tested on different cancer cell lines. The impact of these modifications was analyzed with the aim of mapping the positions essential for activity to facilitate future research in this field. However, this study makes it clear that, in addition to structural modifications of the molecule, which can result in varying degrees of effectiveness in targeting interactions, the lipophilic capacity of the structures obtained through hemisynthesis is of significant importance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sabine Berteina-Raboin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d’Orléans, UMR-CNRS 7311, BP 6759, rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans, Cedex 2, France; (G.M.); (P.R.); (I.G.)
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Yue Z, Zhu Y, Chen T, Feng T, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhang N, Yang J, Luo G, Wang Z. Bletilla striata polysaccharide-coated andrographolide nanomicelles for targeted drug delivery to enhance anti-colon cancer efficacy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380229. [PMID: 38911867 PMCID: PMC11190162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin E, which is also known as tocopherol, is a compound with a polyphenol structure. Its esterified derivative, Vitamin E succinate (VES), exhibits unique anticancer and healthcare functions as well as immunomodulatory effects. Natural polysaccharides are proved to be a promising material for nano-drug delivery systems, which show excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, we employed a novel bletilla striata polysaccharide-vitamin E succinate polymer (BSP-VES) micelles to enhance the tumor targeting and anti-colon cancer effect of andrographolide (AG). Methods BSP-VES polymer was synthesized through esterification and its structure was confirmed using 1H NMR. AG@BSP-VES was prepared via the dialysis method and the drug loading, entrapment efficiency, stability, and safety were assessed. Furthermore, the tumor targeting ability of AG@BSP-VES was evaluated through targeted cell uptake and in vivo imaging. The antitumor activity of AG@BSP-VES was measured in vitro using MTT assay, Live&Dead cell staining, and cell scratch test. Results In this study, we successfully loaded AG into BSP-VES micelles (AG@BSP-VES), which exhibited good stability, biosafety and sustained release effect. In addition, AG@BSP-VES also showed excellent internalization capability into CT26 cells compared with NCM460 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the specific delivery of AG@BSP-VES micelles into subcutaneous and in-situ colon tumors was observed compared with normal colon tissues in vivo during the whole experiment process (1-24 h). What's more, AG@BSP-VES micelles exhibited significant antitumor activities than BSP-VES micelles and free AG. Conclusion The study provides a meaningful new idea and method for application in drug delivery system and targeted treatment of colon cancer based on natural polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqun Yue
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Teng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zuhua Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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3
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Pothuraju R, Khan I, Jain M, Bouvet M, Malafa M, Roy HK, Kumar S, Batra SK. Colorectal cancer murine models: Initiation to metastasis. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216704. [PMID: 38360138 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in prevention and treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Animal models, including xenografts, syngeneic, and genetically engineered, have emerged as indispensable tools in cancer research. These models offer a valuable platform to address critical questions regarding molecular pathogenesis and test therapeutic interventions before moving on to clinical trials. Advancements in CRC animal models have also facilitated the advent of personalized and precision medicine. Patient-derived xenografts and genetically engineered mice that mirror features of human tumors allow for tailoring treatments to specific CRC subtypes, improving treatment outcomes and quality of life. To overcome the limitations of individual model systems, recent studies have employed a multi-modal approach, combining different animal models, 3D organoids, and in vitro studies. This integrative approach provides a comprehensive understanding of CRC biology, including the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic responses, driving the development of more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions. This review discusses the animal models used for CRC research, including recent advancements and limitations of these animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mokenge Malafa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Hemant K Roy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX-77030, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
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4
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Lakra DS, Bharathiraja P, Dhanalakshmi T, Prasad NR. Andrographolide reverts multidrug resistance in KBCh R 8-5 cells through AKT signaling pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3948. [PMID: 38379216 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) one of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters plays an important role in MDR. In this study, we examined the sensitizing property of andrographolide (Andro) to reverse MDR in the drug-resistant KBChR 8-5 cells. Andro exhibited increased cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in the P-gp overexpressing KBChR 8-5 cells. Furthermore, Andro showed synergistic interactions with PTX and DOX in this drug-resistant cells. Andro co-administration enhanced PTX- and DOX-induced cytotoxicity and reduced cell proliferation in the MDR cancer cells. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated with a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) during Andro and chemotherapeutic drugs combination treatment in the drug-resistant cells. Furthermore, Andro and PTX-induced cell cycle arrest was observed in the drug-resistant cell. We also noticed that the expression of ABCB1 and AKT were downregulated during Andro (4 µM) treatment. Furthermore, Andro treatment enhanced the expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in the combinational groups that support the enhanced apoptotic cell death in drug-resistant cancer cells. Therefore, the results reveal that Andro plays a role in the reversal of P-gp-mediated MDR in KBChR 8-5 cells which might be due to regulating ABCB1/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Lakra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradhapsingh Bharathiraja
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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Laiso RAN, Ferreira JC, Rici REG, Cabral LGDS, Maria DA. Cytotoxic Effect of Andrographis paniculata Associated with 2-Aminoethyl Dihydrogen Phosphate in Triple-Negative Breast Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:527-541. [PMID: 38248336 PMCID: PMC10814097 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands out as a major global public health concern and a significant impediment to increasing life expectancy worldwide. Natural bioactives derived from plants are renowned for their efficacy in treating various types of cancer. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) is a well-known plant traditionally employed in diverse medical systems across the globe. The 2-AEH2P monophosphoester, a molecule intricately involved in phospholipid turnover, demonstrates antiproliferative effects across a broad spectrum of cancer types. This study aims to assess the antitumor, antiproliferative, and pharmacological effects of andrographolide at different concentrations, both individually and in conjunction with 2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate. The cytotoxicity of the treatments was evaluated using the colorimetric MTT method, cell cycle phases, mitochondrial electrical potential, and markers expression via flow cytometry, while the pharmacological effects were assessed using SynergyFinder software 3.0. Treatments with A. paniculata, isolated at concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50% of andrographolide, induced cell death in tumor cells, resulting in a reduction in mitochondrial electrical potential and alterations in cell cycle phases, particularly a decrease in the population of MDA MB-231 cells in the G0/G1 phase. The combination treatments exhibited significant cytotoxicity toward tumor cells, with minimal toxicity observed in normal fibroblast cells FN1. This led to a reduction in mitochondrial electrical potential and cell cycle arrest in the S phase for MDA MB-231 cells. Across all concentrations, the combined treatments demonstrated a synergistic pharmacological effect, underscoring the efficacy of the association. There was a change in the markers involved in cell death, such as p53, caspase 3, Bcl-2, and cytochrome c, suggesting the induction of regulated cell death. Markers associated with progression and proliferation, such as cyclin D1 and p21, corroborate the findings for cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Carolina Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia, UNIMAR, Marilia 17525-902, Brazil; (J.C.F.); (R.E.G.R.)
| | - Rose Eli Grassi Rici
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia, UNIMAR, Marilia 17525-902, Brazil; (J.C.F.); (R.E.G.R.)
- Postgraduate Program in Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, FMVZUSP, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Laertty Garcia de Sousa Cabral
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05585-000, Brazil;
- Faculty of Medicine, FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Durvanei Augusto Maria
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05585-000, Brazil;
- Faculty of Medicine, FMUSP, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
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Zhu Z, Yang C, Keyhani NO, Liu S, Pu H, Jia P, Wu D, Stevenson PC, Fernández-Grandon GM, Pan J, Chen Y, Guan X, Qiu J. Characterization of Terpenoids from the Ambrosia Beetle Symbiont and Laurel Wilt Pathogen Harringtonia lauricola. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1175. [PMID: 38132776 PMCID: PMC10744799 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known concerning terpenoids produced by members of the fungal order Ophiostomales, with the member Harringtonia lauricola having the unique lifestyle of being a beetle symbiont but potentially devastating tree pathogen. Nine known terpenoids, including six labdane diterpenoids (1-6) and three hopane triterpenes (7-9), were isolated from H. lauricola ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts for the first time. All compounds were tested for various in vitro bioactivities. Six compounds, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9, are described functionally. Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 9 expressed potent antiproliferative activity against the MCF-7, HepG2 and A549 cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) ~12.54-26.06 μM. Antimicrobial activity bioassays revealed that compounds 4, 5, and 9 exhibited substantial effects against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Ralstonia solanacearum) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 3.13 and 12.50 μg/mL. Little activity was seen towards Gram-positive bacteria for any of the compounds, whereas compounds 2, 4, 7, and 9 expressed antifungal activities (Fusarium oxysporum) with MIC values ranging from 6.25 to 25.00 μg/mL. Compounds 4, 5, and 9 also displayed free radical scavenging abilities towards 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide (O2-), with IC50 values of compounds 2, 4, and 6 ~3.45-14.04 μg/mL and 22.87-53.31 μg/mL towards DPPH and O2-, respectively. These data provide an insight into the biopharmaceutical potential of terpenoids from this group of fungal insect symbionts and plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
| | - Chenjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
| | - Nemat O. Keyhani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
| | - Huili Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
| | - Peisong Jia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832061, China;
| | - Philip C. Stevenson
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (P.C.S.); (G.M.F.-G.)
| | | | - Jieming Pan
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China;
| | - Yuxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiayu Guan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junzhi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.Z.); (C.Y.); (S.L.); (H.P.); (Y.C.)
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Mishra P, Ali Ahmad MF, Al-Keridis LA, Saeed M, Alshammari N, Alabdallah NM, Tiwari RK, Ahmad A, Verma M, Fatima S, Ansari IA. Methotrexate-conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles exert a substantially improved cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194578. [PMID: 37915418 PMCID: PMC10616591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we report the synthesis of methotrexate-conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles (MTX-ZnONPs) and their high efficacy against lung cancer cells. Conjugation of MTX with ZnONPs was authenticated by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This drug-nanoconjugate also showed high drug-loading efficiency. The therapeutic efficacy of MTX-ZnONPs was further tested in vitro against A549 cells, and the results of MTT and LDH release assays showed that MTX-ZnONPs, in addition to free MTX, were efficient in exerting cytotoxic effect on A549 cells; however, the effectiveness of MTX-ZnONPs was found to be considerably enhanced at very low doses compared to that of free MTX. Moreover, ZnONPs alone significantly inhibited the cell viability of A549 cells at a much higher concentration compared to MTX-ZnONPs and MTX. Furthermore, the cytomorphology of A549 cells was characterized by cellular shrinkage and detachment from the surface in all the treatment groups. Similarly, A549 cells, in all the treatment groups, showed fragmented and condensed nuclei, indicating the initiation of apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ψm) in A549 cells showed a gradual loss in all the treatment groups. Results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses depicted increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in A549 cells. The results of the caspase activity assay showed that MTX-ZnONPs andfree MTX caused significant activation of caspase-9, -8, and -3 in A549 cells; however, the effect of MTX-ZnONPs was more profound at very low doses compared to that of free MTX. Thus, our results showed high efficacy of MTX-ZnONPs, suggesting efficient intracellular delivery of the drug by ZnONPs as nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Mishra
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
- Department of Clinical Research, School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahima Verma
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Shireen Fatima
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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Tundis R, Patra JK, Bonesi M, Das S, Nath R, Das Talukdar A, Das G, Loizzo MR. Anti-Cancer Agent: The Labdane Diterpenoid-Andrographolide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1969. [PMID: 37653887 PMCID: PMC10221142 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the progress in treatment strategies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the main challenge should be the early diagnosis of cancer and the design of an optimal therapeutic strategy to increase the patient's life expectancy as well as the continuation of the search for increasingly active and selective molecules for the treatment of different forms of cancer. In the recent decades, research in the field of natural compounds has increasingly shifted towards advanced and molecular level understandings, thus leading to the development of potent anti-cancer agents. Among them is the diterpene lactone andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees that showed shows a plethora of biological activities, including not only anti-cancer activity, but also anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory properties. Andrographolide has been shown to act as an anti-tumor drug by affecting specific molecular targets that play a part in the development and progression of several cancer types including breast, lung, colon, renal, and cervical cancer, as well as leukemia and hepatocarcinoma. This review comprehensively and systematically summarized the current research on the potential anti-cancer properties of andrographolide highlighting its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential side effects and discussing the future perspectives, challenges, and limitations of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Subrata Das
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Karimganj College, Assam University, Assam 788710, India
| | - Rajat Nath
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
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Khan R, Mirza MA, Aqil M, Alex TS, Raj N, Manzoor N, Naseef PP, Saheer Kuruniyan M, Iqbal Z. In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation of a Dual-Targeted Nanoemulsion Gel for the Amelioration of Psoriasis. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020112. [PMID: 36826282 PMCID: PMC9957534 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, due to its unique pathological manifestations and the limited success of existing therapeutic modalities, demands dedicated domain research. Our group has developed nanotherapeutics consisting of bioactives such as Thymoquinone (TQ) and Fulvic acid (FA), which have been successfully incorporated into a Nanoemulsion gel (NEG), taking kalonji oil as oil phase. The composition is aimed at ameliorating psoriasis with better therapeutic outcomes. TQ is a natural bio-active that has been linked to anti-psoriatic actions. FA has anti-inflammatory actions due to its free radical and oxidant-scavenging activity. Our previous publication reports the formulation development of the NEG, where we overcame the pharmaco-technical limitations of combining the above two natural bioactives. In vitro evaluation of the optimized NEG was carried out, which showed an enhanced dissolution rate and skin permeation of TQ. This work furthers the pharmaceutical progression of dual-targeted synergistic NEG to treat psoriasis. A suitable animal model, BALB/c mice, has been used to conduct the in vivo studies, which revealed the effective anti-psoriatic action of TQ. Molecular docking studies corroborated the results and revealed a good binding affinity for both the targets of TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor) and IL-6 (Interlukin-6). Tissue uptake by Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), a skin interaction study of the gel formulation, and an antioxidant free radical scavenging assay (1-1 Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH) were also carried out. It was concluded that the NEG may be effective in treating psoriasis with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmuddin Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd. Aamir Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +91-9213378765 (M.A.M.); +91-9811733016 (Z.I.)
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Thomson Santosh Alex
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Nafis Raj
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nikhat Manzoor
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | | | - Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (Z.I.); Tel.: +91-9213378765 (M.A.M.); +91-9811733016 (Z.I.)
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Fang YY, Huang JM, Wen JY, Li JD, Shen JH, Zeng DT, Pan YF, Huang HQ, Huang ZG, Liu LM, Chen G. AZGP1 Up-Regulation is a Potential Target for Andrographolide Reversing Radioresistance of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:999-1017. [DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s360147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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11
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Liu W, Cheng M, Lu Z, Li H, Feng Y, Jin Y, Yang S, Feng J, Tu L. Multi-functional chitosan copolymer modified nanocrystals as oral andrographolide delivery systems for enhanced bioavailability and anti-inflammatory efficacy. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3432-3442. [PMID: 36447367 PMCID: PMC9718561 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2149894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifying nanocrystals with functional materials have been common strategy to enlarge the enhancing ability on oral absorption via nanocrystals; however, whether the functional materials have played their full enhancing ability in oral absorption is still unknown. In this study, we synthetized a novel chitosan-based copolymer (the copolymer of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), chitosan (CS) and D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, SDS-CS-TPGS), and modified nanocrystals with this copolymer, aiming to enhance the oral absorption of polymer andrographolide (ADR). In real-time distribution study, we found the distribution of ADR, SDS, CS and TPGS varies in gastrointestinal tract, while the distribution of ADR and SDS-CS-TPGS was similar, revealing the SDS-CS-TPGS could able to participate in the absorption process of andrographolide timely. To explore the oral absorption enhancing ability of SDS-CS-TPGS, we prepared a series of nanocrystals modified with different materials and explored their pharmacokinetic performances on SD rats. The results showed the nanocrystals modified with SDS-CS-TPGS (S-C-TANs) exhibited the highest bioavailability, which could enhance the AUC0-∞ of ADR from 1.291 mg/L*h to 5.275 mg/L*h (enhanced for about 4.09-folds). The enhanced anti- inflammatory efficacy was also found on ICR mice by employing ear swelling rate, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and pharmacodynamic index. These results indicated that modified with synthesized copolymer containing different functional stabilizers is an efficient strategy to enlarge the enhancing ability on oral absorption of nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Haocheng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianfang Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China,Jianfang Feng National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Liangxing Tu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,CONTACT Liangxing Tu National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
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12
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Acquaviva R, Malfa GA, Loizzo MR, Xiao J, Bianchi S, Tundis R. Advances on Natural Abietane, Labdane and Clerodane Diterpenes as Anti-Cancer Agents: Sources and Mechanisms of Action. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154791. [PMID: 35897965 PMCID: PMC9330018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past decades has identified numerous phytochemicals that could represent an important source of anti-cancer compounds. There is an immediate need for less toxic and more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. Natural compounds are considered suitable candidates for the development of new anti-cancer drugs due to their pleiotropic actions on target events with multiple manners. This comprehensive review highlighted the most relevant findings achieved in the screening of phytochemicals for anticancer drug development, particularly focused on a promising class of phytochemicals such as diterpenes with abietane, clerodane, and labdane skeleton. The chemical structure of these compounds, their main natural sources, and mechanisms of action were critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
- CERNUT, Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A. Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
- CERNUT, Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.R.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.R.L.); (R.T.)
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13
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Tumor micro-environment targeted collagenase-modified albumin nanoparticles for improved drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Doi H, Matsui T, Dijkstra JM, Ogasawara A, Higashimoto Y, Imamura S, Ohye T, Takematsu H, Katsuda I, Akiyama H. Andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, induces apoptosis in monocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma cells via augmentation of reactive oxygen species production. F1000Res 2022; 10:542. [PMID: 35528957 PMCID: PMC9069414 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.53595.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Andrographolide (Andro) is a diterpenoid component of the plant
Andrographis paniculata that is known for its anti-tumor activity against a variety of cancer cells. Methods: We studied the effects of Andro on the viability of the human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 and the human multiple myeloma cell line H929. Andro was compared with cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and vincristine (VCR), which are well-established therapeutics against hematopoietic tumors. The importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production for the toxicity of each agent was investigated by using an inhibitor of ROS production, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Results: Andro reduced the viability of THP-1 and H929 in a concentration-dependent manner. H929 viability was highly susceptible to Andro, although only slightly susceptible to Ara-C. The agents Andro, Ara-C, and VCR each induced apoptosis, as shown by cellular shrinkage, DNA fragmentation, and increases in annexin V-binding, caspase-3/7 activity, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Whereas Ara-C and VCR increased the percentages of cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M phases, respectively, Andro showed little or no detectable effect on cell cycle progression. The apoptotic activities of Andro were largely suppressed by NAC, an inhibitor of ROS production, whereas NAC hardly affected the apoptotic activities of Ara-C and VCR. Conclusions: Andro induces ROS-dependent apoptosis in monocytic leukemia THP-1 and multiple myeloma H929 cells, underlining its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating hematopoietic tumors. The high toxicity for H929 cells, by a mechanism that is different from that of Ara-C and VCR, is encouraging for further studies on the use of Andro against multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Doi
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Taei Matsui
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Johannes M. Dijkstra
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogasawara
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Higashimoto
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Seiji Imamura
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tamae Ohye
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiromu Takematsu
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Itsuro Katsuda
- Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Akiyama
- Field of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
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15
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Role of Plant-Derived Active Constituents in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms of Action. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081326. [PMID: 35456005 PMCID: PMC9031068 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant technological advancements in conventional therapies, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the control and treatment of cancer, several limitations still exist, and there is scope for further advancements. Several adverse effects are associated with modern chemotherapy that hinder cancer treatment and lead to other critical disorders. Since ancient times, plant-based medicines have been employed in clinical practice and have yielded good results with few side effects. The modern research system and advanced screening techniques for plants’ bioactive constituents have enabled phytochemical discovery for the prevention and treatment of challenging diseases such as cancer. Phytochemicals such as vincristine, vinblastine, paclitaxel, curcumin, colchicine, and lycopene have shown promising anticancer effects. Discovery of more plant-derived bioactive compounds should be encouraged via the exploitation of advanced and innovative research techniques, to prevent and treat advanced-stage cancers without causing significant adverse effects. This review highlights numerous plant-derived bioactive molecules that have shown potential as anticancer agents and their probable mechanisms of action and provides an overview of in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies on anticancer phytochemicals.
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16
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ER and PGR targeting ability of phytocompounds derived from Centella asiatica and Andrographis paniculata: An in-silico approach. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Shang YX, Shen C, Stub T, Zhu SJ, Qiao SY, Li YQ, Wang RT, Li J, Liu JP. Adverse Effects of Andrographolide Derivative Medications Compared to the Safe use of Herbal Preparations of Andrographis paniculata: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:773282. [PMID: 35153776 PMCID: PMC8831758 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.773282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective:Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a traditionally used herbaceous plant, whose main active constituent is andrographolide. Andrographolide derivative medications and herbal preparations of AP are often used to treat respiratory tract infections. This study aims to systematically evaluate the safety of andrographolide derivative medications and herbal preparations of AP based on clinical studies. Methods: English and Chinese databases were searched for all types of clinical studies that reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and adverse events (AEs) of andrographolide derivative medications and herbal preparations of AP. The ADRs and AEs were classified according to manifestations, and graded according to severity. Single-rate meta-analysis was performed for ADR incidence using R software. Results: A total of 262 studies were included, including 125 randomized controlled trials, 23 non-randomized controlled trials, 6 case series, and 108 case reports. In 9490 participants using andrographolide derivative injections, 383 (4.04%) reported ADRs. Meta-analysis showed that the ADR incidence of three most frequently used injections of andrographolide derivatives (andrographolide sulfonate, potassium sodium dehydroandrographolide succinate, and potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate) were 5.48% [95% CI (4.47%, 6.72%)], 3.69% [95% CI (2.59%, 4.94%)] and 5.33% [95% CI (3.68%, 7.72%)], respectively, which may be slightly higher than the actual ADR incidence, because only studies that reported the occurrence of ADRs or AEs were included, but studies without ADR and AE were not included. The ADRs of andrographolide derivative injections were mainly gastrointestinal, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, and anaphylaxis. Fifty-five patients experienced life-threatening anaphylactic shock, three patients died, and the causation attributed to the andrographolide derivative injection. Other ADRs were mild, moderate or medically significant. Nine herbal preparations of AP were tested in 10 studies, and the reported ADRs were mainly mild to moderate gastrointestinal, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders. Except for five patients using andrographolide derivative injections eventually died, most of the ADRs were alleviated after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment. Conclusions: The ADRs of andrographolide derivative medications are few, but can be life-threatening, mainly gastrointestinal, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, and anaphylaxis. Injections of andrographolide derivatives should be used with caution. Herbal preparations of AP are essentially safe. Systematic Review Registration: [website], identifier [registration number]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-xi Shang
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Trine Stub
- The National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NAFKAM), Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Si-jia Zhu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-yu Qiao
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-qi Li
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-ting Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of the Innovative Development of Functional Staple and the Nutritional Intervention for Chronic Disease, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries Co, Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jian-ping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-ping Liu,
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18
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Qu J, Liu Q, You G, Ye L, Jin Y, Kong L, Guo W, Xu Q, Sun Y. Advances in ameliorating inflammatory diseases and cancers by andrographolide: Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and perspective. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1147-1178. [PMID: 34877672 DOI: 10.1002/med.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a well-known natural lactone having a range of pharmacological actions in traditional Chinese medicine. It has long been used to cure a variety of ailments. In this review, we cover the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activity of andrographolide which supports its further clinical application in cancers and inflammatory diseases. Growing evidence shows a good therapeutic effect in inflammatory diseases, including liver diseases, joint diseases, respiratory system diseases, nervous system diseases, heart diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, and inflammatory skin diseases. As a result, the effects of andrographolide on immune cells and the processes that underpin them are discussed. The preclinical use of andrographolide to different organs in response to malignancies such as colorectal, liver, gastric, breast, prostate, lung, and oral cancers has also been reviewed. In addition, several clinical trials of andrographolide in inflammatory diseases and cancers have been summarized. This review highlights recent advances in ameliorating inflammatory diseases as well as cancers by andrographolide and its analogs, providing a new perspective for subsequent research of this traditional natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoquan You
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Zeng B, Wei A, Zhou Q, Yuan M, Lei K, Liu Y, Song J, Guo L, Ye Q. Andrographolide: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. Phytother Res 2021; 36:336-364. [PMID: 34818697 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, a renowned herb medicine in China, is broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cold and fever, sore throat, sore tongue, snake bite with its excellent functions of clearing heat and toxin, cooling blood and detumescence from times immemorial. Modern pharmacological research corroborates that andrographolide, the major ingredient in this traditional herb, is the fundamental material basis for its efficacy. As the main component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, andrographolide reveals numerous therapeutic actions, such as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic and so on. However, there are scarcely systematic summaries on the specific mechanism of disease treatment and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, it is also found that it possesses easily ignored security issues in clinical application, such as nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Thereby it should be kept a lookout over in clinical. Besides, the relationship between the efficacy and security issues of andrographolide should be investigated and evaluated scientifically. In this review, special emphasis is given to andrographolide, a multifunctional natural terpenoids, including its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and pharmaceutical researches. A brief overview of its clinical trials is also presented. This review intends to systematically and comprehensively summarize the current researches of andrographolide, which is of great significance for the development of andrographolide clinical products. Noteworthy, those un-cracked issues such as specific pharmacological mechanisms, security issues, as well as the bottleneck in clinical transformation, which detailed exploration and excavation are still not to be ignored before achieving integration into clinical practice. In addition, given that current extensive clinical data do not have sufficient rigor and documented details, more high-quality investigations in this field are needed to validate the efficacy and/or safety of many herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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20
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Wong SK, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S. A review on the molecular basis underlying the protective effects of Andrographis paniculata and andrographolide against myocardial injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4615-4632. [PMID: 34785890 PMCID: PMC8591231 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s331027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide is the major compound found in the medicinal plant, Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, which accounts for its medicinal properties. Both the plant extract and compound have been reported to exhibit potential cardiovascular activities. This review summarises related studies describing the biological activities and target mechanisms of A. paniculata and andrographolide in vivo and in vitro. The current evidence unambiguously indicated the protective effects provided by A. paniculata and andrographolide administration against myocardial injury. The intervention ameliorates the symptoms of myocardial injury by interfering with the inductive phase of a) inflammatory response mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling molecules; b) oxidative stress via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf-2) and reduction of enzymes responsible for generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; c) intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in apoptosis regulated by upstream insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α); d) profibrotic growth factors thus reducing cardiac fibrosis, improving endothelial function and fibrinolytic function. In conclusion, A. paniculata and andrographolide possess therapeutic potential in the management of myocardial injury, which requires further validation in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
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21
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Swargiary G, Mani S. Molecular docking and simulation studies of phytocompounds derived from Centella asiatica and Andrographis paniculata against hexokinase II as mitocan agents. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:138-146. [PMID: 34606995 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase II (HK2), a glycolytic enzyme is commonly overexpressed in most cancer types. The overexpression of HK2 is reported to promote the survival of cancer cells by facilitating the constant ATP generation and protecting the cancer cell against apoptotic cell death. Hence, HK2 is considered as potential target of many mitochondria targeting anticancerous agents (referred to as mitocans). Most of the existing mitocans are synthetic and hence such compounds are observed to exhibit adverse effects, witnessed through many experimental outcomes. These limitations necessitates hunting for an alternative source of mitocans with minimum/no side effects. The need for an alternative therapy points towards the ethnomedicinal herbs, known for their minimal side effects and effectiveness. Henceforth recent studies have put forth the effort to utilize anticancer herbs in formulating naturally derived mitocans as an add-on to improve cancer therapeutics. So, our study aims to explore the HK2 targeting potential of phytocompounds from the selected anticancerous herbs Andrographis paniculata (AP) and Centella asiatica (CA). 60 phytocompounds collectively from CA and AP were docked against HK2 and drug-likeness prediction of the selected phytocompounds was performed to screen the best possible ligand for HK2. Furthermore, the docked complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) to analyse the molecular mechanism of protein-ligand interactions. The results of the study suggest that the natural compounds asiatic acid and bayogenin (from CA) and andrographolide (from AP) can bepotential natural mitocans by targeting HK2. Further experimental studies (in-vitro and in-vivo) are required to validate the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Swargiary
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of InformationTechnology, Noida, India
| | - Shalini Mani
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of InformationTechnology, Noida, India.
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Vetvicka V, Vannucci L. Biological properties of andrographolide, an active ingredient of Andrographis Paniculata: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1186. [PMID: 34430627 PMCID: PMC8350652 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid isolated from Andrographis paniculata and traditionally used in Chinese and Indian medicine. Reported effects include anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer functions. Most of the studies support the hypothesis that andrographolide supplementation stimulates immune system, so the observed effects migh in fact be secondary to the stimulation of defense reactions. As andrographolide is involved in regulation of inflammation, it is not surprising that it is also evaluated in inflammation-mediated diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Anticancer effects of the andrographolide have been tested on various cancer panels. Colon cancer, breast cancer, and head and neck carcinomas were the most investigated, followed by prostate cancer and glioblastoma. The results looked promising. However, problems with solubility and low level of active substance in natural extract leads to preparation of chemical analogs. Objective of this short review is to summarize current knowledge of the biological effects of andragrapholide. We conclude that despite documented effects and some partly characterized mechanisms of action, more research is clearly needed. At present, the doses, types of treatment and possible negative side effects are not yet established. In addition, various isolations and compound formulas have been used for treatment of various diseases, making final conclusions problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Luca Vannucci
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Shukla V, Runthala A, Rajput VS, Chandrasai PD, Tripathi A, Phulara SC. Computational and synthetic biology approaches for the biosynthesis of antiviral and anticancer terpenoids from Bacillus subtilis. Med Chem 2021; 18:307-322. [PMID: 34254925 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210712211557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in medicinal research have identified several antiviral and anticancer terpenoids that are usually deployed as a source of flavor, fragrances and pharmaceuticals. Under the current COVID-19 pandemic conditions, natural therapeutics with least side effects are the need of the hour to save the patients, especially, which are pre-affected with other medical complications. Although, plants are the major sources of terpenoids; however, for the environmental concerns, the global interest has shifted to the biocatalytic production of molecules from microbial sources. The gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is a suitable host in this regard due to its GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status, ease in genetic manipulations and wide industrial acceptability. The B. subtilis synthesizes its terpenoid molecules from 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) pathway, a common route in almost all microbial strains. Here, we summarize the computational and synthetic biology approaches to improve the production of terpenoid-based therapeutics from B. subtilis by utilizing DXP pathway. We focus on the in-silico approaches for screening the functionally improved enzyme-variants of the two crucial enzymes namely, the DXP synthase (DXS) and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS). The approaches for engineering the active sites are subsequently explained. It will be helpful to construct the functionally improved enzymes for the high-yield production of terpenoid-based anticancer and antiviral metabolites, which would help to reduce the cost and improve the availability of such therapeutics for the humankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Shukla
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Ashish Runthala
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Potla Durthi Chandrasai
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal-506004, Telangana, India
| | - Anurag Tripathi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Suresh Chandra Phulara
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Liu M, Ai J, Shuai Z, Tang K, Li Z, Huang Y. Adropin Alleviates Myocardial Fibrosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Rats: A Preliminary Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:688586. [PMID: 34322528 PMCID: PMC8310998 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.688586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Adropin (ADR) is a novel regulatory polypeptide and has important effects on energy metabolism in the heart. However, it is still unclear whether ADR can relieve ventricular remodeling in DCM. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effect of ADR on myocardial fibrosis in DCM rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups: healthy control group (CON), DCM model group (DCM), DCM model treated with ADR group (ADR) and DCM model treated with perindopril group (PER). Collagen volume fraction (CVF) and perivascular collagen area (PVCA) were calculated. Diastolic function was assessed by echocardiography. The mitochondrial membrane potential assay was conducted by Rhodamine 123 staining. The protein expression levels of Col I, Col III, Mitofusin-1, Mitofusin-2 and Drp1 were evaluated using western blot. Results: Compared to CON group, CVF, PVCA and the relative protein expression of Col I, Col III and Drp1 increased in DCM group. And the relative expression of Mitofusin-1 and Mitofusin-2 proteins decreased. During our investigations, CVF, PVCA and the relative protein expression of Col I, Col III and Drp1 decreased in ADR treated rats compared to DCM group. The diastolic function was elevated in ADR group. The fluorescence of Rhodamine 123 and the expression of Mitofusin-1 and Mitofusin-2 also increased in ADR group. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that ADR could alleviate myocardial fibrosis and improve diastolic function in DCM rats. ADR may be a putative candidate for the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiao Ai
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Zhuang Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Zongyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Udomwan P, Pientong C, Tongchai P, Burassakarn A, Sunthamala N, Roytrakul S, Suebsasana S, Ekalaksananan T. Proteomics Analysis of Andrographolide-Induced Apoptosis via the Regulation of Tumor Suppressor p53 Proteolysis in Cervical Cancer-Derived Human Papillomavirus 16-Positive Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136806. [PMID: 34202736 PMCID: PMC8268713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regardless of the prophylactic vaccine accessibility, persistent infections of high-risk human papillomaviruses (hr-HPVs), recognized as an etiology of cervical cancers, continues to represent a major health problem for the world population. An overexpression of viral early protein 6 (E6) is linked to carcinogenesis. E6 induces anti-apoptosis by degrading tumor suppressor proteins p53 (p53) via E6-E6-associated protein (E6AP)-mediated polyubiquitination. Thus, the restoration of apoptosis by interfering with the E6 function has been proposed as a selective medicinal strategy. This study aimed to determine the activities of andrographolide (Androg) on the disturbance of E6-mediated p53 degradation in cervical cancer cell lines using a proteomic approach. These results demonstrated that Androg could restore the intracellular p53 level, leading to apoptosis-induced cell death in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell lines, SiHa and CaSki. Mechanistically, the anti-tumor activity of Androg essentially relied on the reduction in host cell proteins, which are associated with ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways, particularly HERC4 and SMURF2. They are gradually suppressed in Androg-treated HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells. Collectively, the restoration of p53 in HPV16-positive cervical cancer cells might be achieved by disruption of E3 ubiquitin ligase activity by Androg, which could be an alternative treatment for HPV-associated epithelial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pariyakorn Udomwan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.U.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (A.B.)
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.U.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (A.B.)
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Panwad Tongchai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.U.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (A.B.)
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ati Burassakarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.U.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (A.B.)
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Nuchsupha Sunthamala
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Supawadee Suebsasana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Thammasat University (Rangsit campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.U.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (A.B.)
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research (HEC) Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +66-4334-8385
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Khan I, Mahfooz S, Ansari IA. Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Properties of Andrographolide Against Human Colon Cancer DLD1 Cell Line. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:930-942. [PMID: 31774047 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191125111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, natural products have received great attention for cancer prevention owing to their various health benefits, noticeable lack of toxicity and side effects, and the limitations of chemotherapeutic agents. Andrographolide, a labdane diterpenoid is a principal bioactive constituent of Andrographis paniculata Nees, exhibits significant anticancer activity. OBJECTIVE The efficacy of andrographolide on colon cancer cells is yet to be elucidated completely. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer efficiency of andrographolide in colon cancer DLD1 cell line. METHODS Antiproliferative activity of andrographolide on DLD1 cells was evaluated by MTT assay, LDH release assay, morphological analysis and colony formation assay. Induction of apoptosis was determined by DAPI staining, Annexin V-FITC staining assay, and caspase-3 activation assay. Role of andrographolide induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its association with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells was elucidated by DCFDA dye. Synergistic ability of andrographolide with 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel (PTX) was evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS Results of the present study indicated that andrographolide declined cell viability of DLD1 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Andrographolide induced apoptosis via nuclear condensation, phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation. It also augmented cellular ROS levels which were in turn associated with apoptosis induction in DLD1 cells. Moreover, andrographolide displayed synergistic activity with 5-FU and PTX against DLD1 cells. CONCLUSION The present study showed that andrographolide demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic properties, moreover it also displayed synergistic effect with chemotherapeutic drugs in colon cancer DLD1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University,
Yalıköy Mahallesi, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey,Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Sadaf Mahfooz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University,
Yalıköy Mahallesi, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey,Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Irfan A Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
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Malik Z, Parveen R, Parveen B, Zahiruddin S, Aasif Khan M, Khan A, Massey S, Ahmad S, Husain SA. Anticancer potential of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees and its mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 272:113936. [PMID: 33610710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Synthetic drugs used for cancer treatment have side effects that may be immunosupressive, can cause liver, kidney and cardiac toxicity, and infertility and ovarian failure, among others. Thus, herbal drugs could be used in the cancer treatment as an adjuvant therapy. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees (AP) is one of the traditional herbs used in different alternative medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Chinese, Malayi, Siddha, etc. for the treatment of various disorders and diseases including cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of writing this review is to highlight the medicinal importance of AP and its main phytoconstituent andrographolide (AG). The main emphasis was given on the anticancer activity of AG, its proposed mechanisms of action, novel approaches used to improve its biopharmaceutical properties with the perspective of evidence-based research, and its development as an adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment in future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was conducted and research papers were retrieved from different databases such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Wiley online library, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus during 1970-2020. Research articles, review articles, and short communications, etc. were used for this purpose. The papers were selected on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. RESULTS Different anticancer mechanisms of AG have been reportedly proven such as cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, NF-κβ inhibition, antiangiogenesis, cytokine inhibition, etc. whereas its pharmacokinetic properties showed its highly protein bound nature, Cyt P400 (CYP) inhibition, low aqueous solubility, poor oral bioavailability, etc. Different novel formulations of AG have been investigated to increase its bioavailability for better efficacy. CONCLUSION This review can provide knowledge about the potential applicability of AP or AG as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment. Further research is needed before making any conclusion about the efficacy in humans as an adjuvant therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Malik
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rabea Parveen
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Aasif Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Asifa Khan
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Goel A. Andrographis overcomes 5-fluorouracil-associated chemoresistance through inhibition of DKK1 in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:814-825. [PMID: 33822896 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA. 5-Fluorouracil (5FU)-based chemotherapeutic drug remains a mainstay of CRC treatment. Unfortunately, ~50-60% of patients eventually develop resistance to 5FU, leading to poor survival outcomes. Our previous work revealed that andrographis enhanced 5FU-induced anti-cancer activity, but the underlying mechanistic understanding largely remains unclear. In this study, we first established 5FU-resistant (5FUR) CRC cells and observed that combined treatment with andrographis-5FU in 5FUR cells exhibited superior effect on cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation capacity compared with individual treatments (P < 0.001). To identify key genes and pathways responsible for 5FU resistance, we analyzed genome-wide transcriptomic profiling data from CRC patients who either responded or did not respond to 5FU. Among a panel of differentially expressed genes, Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) overexpression was a critical event for 5FU resistance. Moreover, andrographis significantly downregulated 5FU-induced DKK1 overexpression, accompanied with enhanced anti-tumor effects by abrogating downstream Akt-phosphorylation. In line with in vitro findings, andrographis enhanced 5FU-induced anti-cancer activity in mice xenografts and patient-derived tumoroids (P < 0.01). In conclusion, our data provide novel evidence for andrographis-mediated reversal of 5FU resistance, highlighting its potential role as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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The Effects of Andrographolide on the Enhancement of Chondrogenesis and Osteogenesis in Human Suprapatellar Fat Pad Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071831. [PMID: 33805078 PMCID: PMC8037192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid herb, which is isolated from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata, and widely used for its potential medical properties. However, there are no reports on the effects of andrographolide on the human suprapatellar fat pad of osteoarthritis patients. In the present study, our goal was to evaluate the innovative effects of andrographolide on viability and Tri-lineage differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from suprapatellar fat pad tissues. The results revealed that andrographolide had no cytotoxic effects when the concentration was less than 12.5 µM. Interestingly, andrographolide had significantly enhanced, dose dependent, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis as evidenced by a significantly intensified stain for Alizarin Red S, Toluidine Blue and Alcian Blue. Moreover, andrographolide can upregulate the expression of genes related to osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, including Runx2, OPN, Sox9, and Aggrecan in mesenchymal stem cells from human suprapatellar fat pad tissues. In contrast, andrographolide suppressed adipogenic differentiation as evidenced by significantly diminished Oil Red O staining and expression levels for adipogenic-specific genes for PPAR-γ2 and LPL. These findings confirm that andrographolide can specifically enhance osteogenesis and chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells from human suprapatellar fat pad tissues. It has potential as a therapeutic agent derived from natural sources for regenerative medicine.
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Pasha A, Kumbhakar DV, Doneti R, Kumar K, Dharmapuri G, Poleboyina PK, S. K. H, Basavaraju P, Pasumarthi D, S. D. A, Soujanya P, Arnold Emeson I, Bodiga V, Pawar SC. Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) by Andrographolide and In Vitro Evaluation of Its Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects on Cervical Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6692628. [PMID: 33815659 PMCID: PMC8010528 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This work is aimed at investigating the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cervical cancer and identifying a potential iNOS inhibitor. The data mining studies performed advocated iNOS to be a promising biomarker for cancer prognosis, as it is highly overexpressed in several malignant cancers. The elevated iNOS was found to be associated with poor survival and increased tumor aggressiveness in cervical cancer. Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR investigations of iNOS showed significant upregulation of endogenous iNOS expression in the cervical tumor samples, thus making iNOS a potent target for decreasing tumor inflammation and aggressiveness. Andrographolide, a plant-derived diterpenoid lactone, is widely reported to be effective against infections and inflammation, causing no adverse side effects on humans. In the current study, we investigated the effect of andrographolide on the prognostic value of iNOS expression in cervical cancer, which has not been reported previously. The binding efficacy of andrographolide was analyzed by performing molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Multiple parameters were used to analyze the simulation trajectory, like root mean square deviation (RMSD), torsional degree of freedom, protein-root mean square fluctuations (P-RMSF), ligand RMSF, total number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, secondary structure elements (SSE) of the protein, and protein complex with the time-dependent functions of MDS. Ligand-protein interactions revealed binding efficacy of andrographolide with tryptophan amino acid of iNOS protein. Cancer cell proliferation, cell migration, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis-mediated cell death were assessed in vitro, post iNOS inhibition induced by andrographolide treatment (demonstrated by Western blot). Results. Andrographolide exhibited cytotoxicity by inhibiting the in vitro proliferation of cervical cancer cells and also abrogated the cancer cell migration. A significant increase in apoptosis was observed with increasing andrographolide concentration, and it also induced cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase transition. Our results substantiate that andrographolide significantly inhibits iNOS expression and exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Pasha
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Divya Vishambhar Kumbhakar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Ravinder Doneti
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Kiran Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Gangappa Dharmapuri
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046 Telangana, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Poleboyina
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Heena S. K.
- Department of Pathology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, 500095 Telangana, India
| | - Preethi Basavaraju
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepthi Pasumarthi
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Annapurna S. D.
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
| | - Pavani Soujanya
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500007 Telangana, India
| | - I. Arnold Emeson
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Vijayalaxmi Bodiga
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500007 Telangana, India
| | - Smita C. Pawar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007 Telangana, India
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31
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Khan I, Mahfooz S, Saeed M, Ahmad I, Ansari IA. Andrographolide Inhibits Proliferation of Colon Cancer SW-480 Cells via Downregulating Notch Signaling Pathway. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:487-497. [PMID: 32679024 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200717143109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the Notch signaling pathway has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target for chemotherapeutic intervention. However, the efficacy of previously known Notch inhibitors in colon cancer is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of andrographolide on aberrantly activated Notch signaling in SW-480 cells in vitro. METHODS The cytostatic potential of andrographolide on SW-480 cells was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, morphology assessment, and colony formation assay. The apoptotic activity was evaluated by FITC Annexin V assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), Hoechst, Rhodamine 123, and Mito Tracker CMXRos staining. Scratch assay was conducted for migratory potential assessment. 7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was used to evaluate the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation. Relative mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl2, NOTCH 1, and JAGGED 1 was estimated by Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell cycle phase distribution was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. RESULTS MTT assay demonstrated the dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity of andrographolide on SW-480 cells. It also inhibited the migratory and colony forming potential of SW-480 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide also showed disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis through nuclear condensation. Flow cytometric evaluation showed that andrographolide enhanced early and late apoptotic cells and induced upregulation of pro-apoptotic (Bax and Bad) and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 in treated SW- 480 cells. Andrographolide augmented intracellular ROS generation and induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in colon cancer SW-480 cells. Furthermore, andrographolide repressed the Notch signaling by decreasing the expression of NOTCH 1 and JAGGED 1. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that andrographolide constraint the growth of SW-480 cells through the inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BezmialemVakif University, YalıköyMahallesi, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadaf Mahfooz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BezmialemVakif University, YalıköyMahallesi, Beykoz, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
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Ansari IA, Ahmad A, Imran MA, Saeed M, Ahmad I. Organosulphur Compounds Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Cervical Cancer Cells via Downregulation of HPV E6 and E7 Oncogenes. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:393-405. [PMID: 32819236 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999200818154456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quest for strong, safe and cost-effective natural antiproliferative agents that could reduce cancer has been the focus now a days. In this regard, the organosulfur compounds from garlic (Allium sativum L.), like Diallyl Sulfide (DAS) and Diallyl Disulfide (DADS), have been shown to exhibit potent antiproliferative and anticancer properties in many studies. However, the potential of these compounds against viral oncoproteins in cervical cancer has not been fully elucidated yet. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to analyze the antiproliferative and apoptotic properties of DADS and DAS in HPV16+ human cervical cancer Caski cell line. METHODS Caski (cervical cancer cells) were cultured and followed by the treatment of various concentrations of organosulphur compounds (DADS and DAS), cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The apoptotic assay was performed by DAPI and Hoechst3342 staining. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) was estimated by DCFDA staining protocol. The distributions of cell cycle and apoptosis (FITC-Annexin V assay) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, gene expression analysis was performed via quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS Our results showed that DAS and DADS exerted a significant antiproliferative effect on Caski cells by reducing the cell viability and inducing a dose-related increment in intracellular ROS production along with apoptosis in Caski cells. DAS and DADS also induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, which was supported by the downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and upregulation of CDK inhibitors p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1 in Caski cells. Additionally, DAS and DADS lead to the downregulation of viral oncogene E6 and E7 and restoration of p53 function. CONCLUSION Thus, this study confirms the efficacy of both the organosulfur compounds DADS and DAS against cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan A Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Dasauli, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Mohammad A Imran
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Banerjee V, Sharda N, Huse J, Singh D, Sokolov D, Czinn SJ, Blanchard TG, Banerjee A. Synergistic potential of dual andrographolide and melatonin targeting of metastatic colon cancer cells: Using the Chou-Talalay combination index method. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 897:173919. [PMID: 33577837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality has diminished for decades due to new and improved treatment profiles. However, CRC still ranks as the third most diagnosed cancer in the US. Therefore, a new therapeutic approach is needed to overcome colospheroids inhibition and drug resistance. It is well documented that andrographolide (AGP) and melatonin (MLT) have anti-carcinogenic properties. Our goal was to evaluate their synergistic effects on metastatic colon cancer cells (mCRC) and colospheroids. HT-29 and HCT-15 mCRC cells were simultaneously treated with serial dilutions of AGP and MLT for 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell viability was monitored using the MTT assay. The Chou-Talalay method for drug combination is based on the median effect equation, providing a theoretical basis for the combination index and the isobologram equation. This allows quantitative determination of drug interactions using the CompuSyn software, where CI < 1, = 1, and >1 indicates synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effects respectively. Our results demonstrate that AGP and MLT in combination show synergism with CI values of 0.35293 and 0.34152 for HT-29 and HCT-15 respectively and a fractional inhibition of Fa = 0.50-0.90, as shown by the Fa-CI plot and isobologram. The synergism value was validated in colospheroids (HT-29-s and HCT-15-s) based on morphology, viability, and colony formation and in 5-FU drug resistant cell (HT-29R and HCT-116R) viability. The mechanism(s) of decreased cell viability are due to the induction of ER stress proteins and angiogenic inhibition. Our results provide rationale for using AGP in combination with MLT on mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekjyoti Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neha Sharda
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jared Huse
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Damandeep Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniil Sokolov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven J Czinn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas G Blanchard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Ren Y, Kinghorn AD. Development of Potential Antitumor Agents from the Scaffolds of Plant-Derived Terpenoid Lactones. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15410-15448. [PMID: 33289552 PMCID: PMC7812702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring terpenoid lactones and their synthetic derivatives have attracted increasing interest for their promising antitumor activity and potential utilization in the discovery and design of new antitumor agents. In the present perspective article, selected plant-derived five-membered γ-lactones and six-membered δ-lactones that occur with terpenoid scaffolds are reviewed, with their structures, cancer cell line cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action, and the potential for developing cancer chemotherapeutic agents discussed in each case. The compounds presented include artemisinin (ART, 1), parthenolide (PTL, 2), thapsigargin (TPG, 3), andrographolide (AGL, 4), ginkgolide B (GKL B, 5), jolkinolide B (JKL B, 6), nagilactone E (NGL E, 7), triptolide (TPL, 8), bruceantin (BRC, 9), dichapetalin A (DCT A, 10), and limonin (LMN, 11), and their naturally occurring analogues and synthetic derivatives. It is hoped that this contribution will be supportive of the future development of additional efficacious anticancer agents derived from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Khan I, Mahfooz S, Faisal M, Alatar AA, Ansari IA. Andrographolide Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest through Inhibition of Aberrant Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2428-2446. [PMID: 33030050 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1828942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hedgehog signaling pathway (Hh) is abnormally stimulated in colon cancer. Evidence suggests the therapeutic effectiveness of andrographolide against several cancers. This study attempts to delineate the effect of andrographolide on Hh signaling pathway in colon cancer HCT-116 cells. Methods: Effects of andrographolide were studied on HCT-116 cells by evaluating cytotoxicity by MTT assay, morphology assessment, trypan blue exclusion, and colony formation assay; migratory potential by scratch assay; apoptosis by DAPI, Hoechst staining, FITC-Annexin V assay, and caspases activation; mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) by Mito Tracker and Rhodamine 123. Intracellular ROS by DCFH-DA staining. Cell cycle regulation by flow cytometry. Expression of BAX, BAD, BCL2, Cyclin B1, CDK1, Smo, and Gli1 by qRT-PCR. Interaction between andrographolide and Smo protein by in-silico molecular docking. Results: Andrographolide induced antiproliferative effect on HCT-116 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. It also induced apoptosis and anti-migratory effect in HCT-116 cells. In combination with 5FU, andrographolide exhibited synergistic effect. It Induced G2/M phase arrest through downregulating CDK1 and Cyclin B1. Andrographolide also inhibited Hh signaling by downregulating Smo and Gli1 in HCT-116 cells. It showed high affinity toward Smo protein in-silico. Conclusion: Andrographolide repressed the colon cancer cell growth via inhibiting Hh signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sadaf Mahfooz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Faisal
- Departmentof Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Alatar
- Departmentof Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A Ansari
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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Andrographolide sensitizes Hep-2 human laryngeal cancer cells to carboplatin-induced apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species levels. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:e0774. [PMID: 31306153 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide is a natural diterpenoid from Andrographis paniculata that has been proposed as an anticancer agent as well as a chemosensitizer for use in combination with anticancer drugs. Carboplatin is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for advanced laryngeal carcinoma. However, the clinical efficacy of carboplatin is limited by drug resistance and side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether andrographolide has a synergistic antitumor effect with carboplatin on human laryngeal cancer cells. Hep-2 cells were exposed to andrographolide with or without carboplatin. The effects of indicated therapies were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, the colony-forming assay, the Hoechst 33342/PI double staining, and flow cytometry analysis. The molecular mechanism was assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection and western blot. At the sublethal concentration, andrographolide increased carboplatin sensitivity of Hep-2 cells by increasing carboplatin-induced apoptosis and inhibiting cell viability. Moreover, we found that andrographolide sensitized carboplatin mainly through the induction of ROS generation and apoptotic signaling. Taken together, these results indicate that andrographolide, along with carboplatin, synergistically inhibited cell proliferation and induced mitochondrial apoptosis of Hep-2 cells by increasing the intracellular ROS, regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K/AKT) pathways, altering the BCL2/BAX ratio, and ultimately activating the cleavage of Caspase-3 and PARP. These results suggest that andrographolide sensitizes human laryngeal cancer cells to carboplatin-induced apoptosis by increasing ROS levels.
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Song B, Wang J, Lu S, Shan L. Andrographolide solid dispersions formulated by Soluplus to enhance interface wetting, dissolution, and absorption. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Song
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou 121001 China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure‐Based Drug Design and DiscoveryShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China
| | - Si‐Jing Lu
- Department of RespiratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou 121001 China
| | - Li‐Na Shan
- Department of RespiratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou 121001 China
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Andrographolide, a Natural Antioxidant: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120571. [PMID: 31756965 PMCID: PMC6943416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Andrographis paniculata has been used as an herbal remedy for lung infection treatments. Its leaves contain a diterpenoid labdane called andrographolide responsible for a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. This manuscript is a brief review of the antioxidant mechanisms and the regulation of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) signaling pathway by andrographolide.
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Liu J, Jiang T, He M, Fang D, Shen C, Le Y, He M, Zhao J, Zheng L. Andrographolide prevents human nucleus pulposus cells against degeneration by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9631-9639. [PMID: 30370694 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is among the most common spinal disorders, pathologically characterized by excessive cell apoptosis and production of proinflammatory factors. Pharmacological targeting of nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration may hold promise in IDD therapy, but it is limited by adverse side effects and nonspecificity of drugs. In this study, we used a natural compound, andrographolide (ANDRO), which has been widely used to intervene inflammatory and apoptotic diseases in the investigation of NP degeneration based on IDD-patients-derived NP cells by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment for the preservation of degeneration. The results showed that LPS maintained the degeneration status of NP cells as evidenced by a high apoptosis rate and the expression of degenerative and inflammatory mediators after LPS treatment. ANDRO reversed the effects of LPS-caused degeneration of NP cells and maintained the phenotype of NP cells, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, degenerative mediators (ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5), inflammatory factors (COX2, PGE2, MMP-13, and MMP-3), biomarkers of NP cells (SOX9, ACAN, and COL2A1) expressions, and glycosaminoglycan secretion. We also found the involvement of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of the activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway in ANDRO treatment, indicating that ANDRO prevented the LPS-preserved degeneration of NP cells by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. This study may provide a reference for clinic medication of IDD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Mingwei He
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Depeng Fang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiguan Le
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Maolin He
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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