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Barbuto S, Kuo SH, Winterbottom L, Lee S, Stern Y, O'Dell M, Stein J. Home Aerobic Training for Cerebellar Degenerative Diseases: a Randomized Controlled Trial. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:272-281. [PMID: 35303255 PMCID: PMC8932090 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Balance training has shown some benefits in cerebellar ataxia whereas the effects of aerobic training are relatively unknown. To determine whether a phase III trial comparing home aerobic to balance training in ambulatory patients with cerebellar ataxia is warranted, we conducted a single-center, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Nineteen subjects were randomized to aerobic training and 17 subjects to balance training. The primary outcome was improvement in ataxia as measured by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Secondary outcomes included safety, training adherence, and balance improvements. There were no differences between groups at baseline. Thirty-one participants completed the trial, and there were no training-related serious adverse events. Compliance to training was over 70%. There was a mean improvement in ataxia symptoms of 1.9 SARA points (SD 1.62) in the aerobic group compared to an improvement of 0.6 points (SD 1.34) in the balance group. Although two measures of balance were equivocal between groups, one measure of balance showed greater improvement with balance training compared to aerobic training. In conclusion, this 6-month trial comparing home aerobic versus balance training in cerebellar ataxia had excellent retention and adherence to training. There were no serious adverse events, and training was not interrupted by minor adverse events like falls or back pain. There was a significant improvement in ataxia symptoms with home aerobic training compared to balance training, and a phase III trial is warranted. Clinical trial registration number: NCT03701776 on October 8, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Barbuto
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, Harkness Pavilion, 180 Fort Washington, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Winterbottom
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, Harkness Pavilion, 180 Fort Washington, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Neurology and Taub Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael O'Dell
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Stein
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, Harkness Pavilion, 180 Fort Washington, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Chrismas BCR, Majed L, Al-Mohannadi AS, Sayegh S. Adherence and retention to the self-managed community-based Step Into Health program in Qatar (2012-2019). Front Public Health 2022; 10:927386. [PMID: 36199850 PMCID: PMC9527577 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.927386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Investigate adherence and retention to the "Step Into Health (SIH)" initiative (www.stepintohealth.qa [website access only available from within the State of Qatar]), a Qatari self-managed community-based health program, from 2012 to 2019. Methods Participants (16,711; 16-80 years; 37% females, 34% Qatari) used a pedometer or smartphone application (app) to measure step count. Absolute adherence (ADH) and retention (RET) were calculated, with ADH (%) the ratio between number of days data and SIH enrollment length (RET). Linear Mixed Models identified differences in ADH between RET groups, main effects (i.e., sex, device, age, BMI, nationality) and interaction effects for ADH (RET entered as a covariate). Results Average ADH and RET to SIH (irrespective of sex, age, device and BMI) was 50% (±31%), and 16% (±20%), respectively, with ADH differing significantly between RET groups (F = 460.2, p < 0.001). RET (as a covariate) revealed a significant main effect for device (F = 12.00, p < 0.001) and age (F = 4.31, p = 0.001) on ADH observed. There was a significant association between RET and sex (p < 0.001), device (p < 0.001), and age groups 16-25 y (p < 0.001), and 26-35 y (p < 0.001). There were no significant main effects for sex or BMI on ADH, and no interaction effects (p ≥ 0.21) observed. Conclusions Follow-up data (e.g., interviews, focus groups, etc.) determining why differences in ADH and RET are observed appears prudent. To convert those that lapsed and/or abandoned SIH/PA into committed long-term PA adherers. This would be a first step to develop targeted public health promotions and initiatives to enhance health outcomes at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryna C. R. Chrismas
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar,*Correspondence: Bryna C. R. Chrismas
| | - Lina Majed
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulla Saeed Al-Mohannadi
- World Innovation Summit for Health, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar,Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suzan Sayegh
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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Bélanger M, Carpenter JG, Sabiston CM, Vanderloo LM, Trono C, Gallant F, Thibault V, Doré I, O'Loughlin J. Identifying priorities for sport and physical activity research in Canada: an iterative priority-setting study. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E269-E277. [PMID: 35318251 PMCID: PMC8946649 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for better alignment between research on sport and physical activity and the needs of those who are in a position to implement the findings. To facilitate advancement and alignment, we identified the top research priorities of sport and physical activity knowledge users from various sectors. METHODS For this priority-setting study, we used an iterative process of data collection and analysis. Sport and physical activity knowledge users from multiple sectors participated in a workshop (September 2019), which included small working group exercises followed by large-group syntheses leading to the identification of issues that required better understanding. We then sent an online questionnaire to participants for content validation and interim prioritization, to reduce the number of priorities (December 2019 to January 2020). A new questionnaire containing a shortened list of research priorities was sent to an expanded group of respondents to further streamline the list of priorities (January-March 2020). RESULTS The 24 workshop participants identified 68 issues, of which 21 were retained by the 18 participants in the interim priority-setting questionnaire. The final prioritization questionnaire was completed by 33 stakeholder groups; this step produced a final list of 8 top research priorities. The final priorities identified for sport and physical activity research related to financial support, suboptimal promotion, dropout, best interventions, participation among Indigenous populations, volunteer engagement, safe and inclusive experiences, and knowledge exchange. INTERPRETATION The 8 priorities identified in this study provide guidance to Canadian sport and physical activity researchers. Research efforts on these priorities will reflect pressing issues as identified by representatives of all sport and physical activity sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Bélanger
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.
| | - Julie Goguen Carpenter
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Carolyn Trono
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - François Gallant
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Véronique Thibault
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Isabelle Doré
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Jennifer O'Loughlin
- Department of Family and Emergency Medicine (Bélanger) and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Gallant, Thibault), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.; Centre de formation médicale du Nouveau-Brunswick (Bélanger, Goguen Carpenter, Gallant, Thibault), Moncton, NB; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education (Sabiston), University of Toronto; ParticipACTION (Vanderloo), Toronto, Ont.; Sport for Life (Trono), Victoria, BC; School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences (Doré), Faculty of Medicine, and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (Doré, O'Loughlin), École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
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Hilland TA, Bourke M, Wiesner G, Garcia Bengoechea E, Parker AG, Pascoe M, Craike M. Correlates of walking among disadvantaged groups: A systematic review. Health Place 2020; 63:102337. [PMID: 32543426 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomically disadvantaged groups are less likely to be physically active. Walking is important to public health, therefore understanding correlates of walking will inform the development of targeted interventions. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the correlates of walking among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults. PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were searched up to February 2020 and titles/abstracts and full-texts were screened against eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed. Correlates were synthesized when two or more comparisons were available. 35 studies were selected for synthesis. 21 examined overall walking, 16 examined leisure-time walking and 9 examined walking for transport (8 examined two or more types of walking). Employment status, home ownership, self-rated health, density or number of social ties, perceived neighborhood aesthetics, perceived walkability and perceived individual safety were positively associated with overall walking. Social support for physical activity from friends and family and perceived individual safety were positively associated with leisure-time walking. Objective walkability, perceived walkability and perceived individual safety were positively associated with walking for transport. Most studies were cross-sectional, did not report response rates and used a validated measure of physical activity. Strategies to improve self-rated health, social ties, neighborhood aesthetics, walkability and perceptions of individual safety should be the focus of interventions that aim to improve walking among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Recommendations for future studies include the need to focus on leisure-time walking and walking for transport; the correlates of walking in males; prospective longitudinal designs; psychological, cognitive and emotional variables; and social, behavioral attributes and skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni A Hilland
- School of Education, College of Design and Social Context, RMIT, PO BOX 71, Melbourne, Victoria, 3083, Australia.
| | - Matthew Bourke
- Institude for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Glen Wiesner
- Institude for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Enrique Garcia Bengoechea
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Alexandra G Parker
- Institude for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Michaela Pascoe
- Institude for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Department of Cancer Experience, Peter MacCallum Center, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Melinda Craike
- Mitchell Institute, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
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Ertekin Y. Effect of using tri-axial (3D) sensor-assisted pedometer measuring moderate- to high-intensity physical activity on body composition: randomised controlled trial. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2018. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.394699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Linke SE, Gallo LC, Norman GJ. Attrition and adherence rates of sustained vs. intermittent exercise interventions. Ann Behav Med 2011; 42:197-209. [PMID: 21604068 PMCID: PMC3181282 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-011-9279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No conclusions have been drawn regarding the relative attrition and adherence rates associated with sustained vs. intermittent exercise programs. PURPOSE The study aims to systematically examine randomized controlled exercise intervention trials that report attrition and/or adherence rates to sustained vs. intermittent aerobic exercise programs. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and references from qualifying articles were searched for additional papers. RESULTS Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria, capturing 783 (76% female) enrolled and 599 (74% female) retained participants (mean age = 42.3 ± 6.6 years). Study durations ranged from 8 weeks to 18 months (mean duration = 22.7 ± 21.9 weeks). Although results varied, no consistent differences in attrition or adherence rates between sustained and intermittent exercise protocols were revealed. CONCLUSIONS Given the universally low rate of regular exercise participation and the ongoing problem of adherence to exercise protocols, the field may benefit from randomized controlled trials examining sustained vs. intermittent exercise programs in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elizabeth Linke
- SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, University of California-San Diego, CA, USA.
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Pal S, Cheng C, Ho S. The effect of two different health messages on physical activity levels and health in sedentary overweight, middle-aged women. BMC Public Health 2011; 11:204. [PMID: 21453540 PMCID: PMC3078883 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most public health guidelines recommend that adults need to participate in 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on most days of the week to maintain good health. Achieving the recommended 30 minutes of exercise a day can be difficult in middle aged, overweight women. This 12 week study evaluated whether a 10,000 steps per day message was more effective than a 30 minutes a day message in increasing physical activity in low active, overweight women. METHODS Thirty participants were randomized into 2 groups: Group 1 was asked to undertake 30 minutes of walking/day, whereas Group 2 was asked to accumulate 10,000 steps/day using their pedometers. RESULTS Results showed that there were no changes in anthropometric and blood pressure measures between or within groups. However, the 10,000 step and the 30 minutes groups' daily average number of steps/day were significantly higher than baseline at week 6 (p = 0.038 and p = 0.039 respectively) and at week 12 (p = 0.028 and p = 0.038 respectively). At week 12, the 10,000 steps group were taking an average of 4616 steps per day more (43% increase) than at baseline and the 30 minutes group were taking an average of 2761 steps per day more (35% increase) than at baseline. There was a significant difference in the number of steps with the 10,000 steps group versus 30 minutes group at 12 weeks (p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS This study found that low active, overweight women undertook significantly more physical activity when they had a daily 10,000 step goal using a pedometer, than when they were asked to achieve 30 minutes of walking/day. Therefore we suggest that a public health recommendation of "10,000 steps/day", rather than the "30 min/day" could be applied to promote increased physical activity in sedentary middle aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebely Pal
- School of Public Health; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; ATN Centre for Metabolic Fitness; Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Cheryl Cheng
- School of Public Health; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; ATN Centre for Metabolic Fitness; Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Suleen Ho
- School of Public Health; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute; ATN Centre for Metabolic Fitness; Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia
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Janssen E, Sugiyama T, Winkler E, de Vries H, te Poel F, Owen N. Psychosocial correlates of leisure-time walking among Australian adults of lower and higher socio-economic status. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2010; 25:316-324. [PMID: 19307317 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyp012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Adults of lower socio-economic status (SES) participate less in physical activity than those of higher SES. Understanding the correlates of physical activity participation and how these may differ between socio-economic groups can inform policies and physical activity promotion strategies. The psychosocial correlates of leisure-time walking (the most common voluntary physical activity of adults) were assessed using a survey of 2488 randomly sampled Australian adults (response rate = 74.2%). Among respondents of higher SES, there were higher levels of positive cognitions towards physical activity, and walking for leisure was more prevalent than among those of lower SES. Relationships of psychosocial attributes with leisure-time walking differed by SES. The strongest correlate of leisure-time walking was perceived barriers for lower SES adults and enjoyment for those of higher SES. Social support from friends was associated with walking for both groups, while the effect of support from family was significant only for adults of lower SES. Strategies influencing leisure-time walking may have to target the specific needs of different socio-economic groups. For example, removing perceived barriers may be more appropriate to promote walking among lower SES adults. Interventions tailored for lower SES groups may help close the socio-economic gap in physical activity participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Janssen
- Department of Health Education.romotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Pal S, Cheng C, Egger G, Binns C, Donovan R. Using pedometers to increase physical activity in overweight and obese women: a pilot study. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:309. [PMID: 19703317 PMCID: PMC2741450 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most public health guidelines recommend that adults participate in 30 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity on most days of the week. Establishing new ways to achieve these targets in sedentary populations need to be explored. This research evaluated whether the daily use of pedometers could increase physical activity and improve health outcomes in sedentary overweight and obese women. Methods Twenty six overweight and obese middle-aged women were randomized into two groups: The control group was not able to record their steps daily, whilst the pedometer group, were asked to record the number of steps on a daily basis for 12 weeks. Results Our data showed that the pedometer group significantly increased their steps/day, by 36%, at the end of the 12 weeks, whereas the control group's physical activity levels remained unchanged. There was no significant difference in weight or body fat composition in the pedometer group compared to the control group. However, there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure in the pedometer group (112.8 ± 2.44 mm Hg) compared to the control group (117.3 ± 2.03 mm Hg) (p = 0.003). Conclusion In conclusion, this pilot study shows that the combination of having step goals and immediate feedback from using a pedometer was effective in increasing physical activity levels in sedentary overweight and obese women. Trial registration ACTRN12609000176268
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebely Pal
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, ATN Centre for Metabolic Fitness, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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Gidlow C, Johnston LH, Crone D, James DVB. State of the Art Reviews: Methods of Evaluation: Issues and Implications for Physical Activity Referral Schemes. Am J Lifestyle Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1559827607308733.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of evidence-based practice, the common focus on controlled research within physical activity and health promotion has created a restricted view of the acceptable type of evidence on which practice should be based. To improve our understanding of physical activity (and other behavioral) interventions, a more holistic approach to evaluation is required. In the context of physical activity referral schemes, this article considers the implications of adhering to this narrow definition of “acceptable” evidence and the importance of recognizing alternative evaluative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gidlow
- Centre for Sport & Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent, UK,
| | - Lynne H. Johnston
- Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Diane Crone
- Faculty of Sport, Health & Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester UK
| | - David V. B. James
- Faculty of Sport, Health & Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester UK
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Gidlow C, Johnston LH, Crone D, James DVB. State of the Art Reviews: Methods of Evaluation: Issues and Implications for Physical Activity Referral Schemes. Am J Lifestyle Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1559827607308733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of evidence-based practice, the common focus on controlled research within physical activity and health promotion has created a restricted view of the acceptable type of evidence on which practice should be based. To improve our understanding of physical activity (and other behavioral) interventions, a more holistic approach to evaluation is required. In the context of physical activity referral schemes, this article considers the implications of adhering to this narrow definition of “acceptable” evidence and the importance of recognizing alternative evaluative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gidlow
- Centre for Sport & Exercise Research, Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent, UK,
| | - Lynne H. Johnston
- Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Diane Crone
- Faculty of Sport, Health & Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester UK
| | - David V. B. James
- Faculty of Sport, Health & Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester UK
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Annesi JJ. Effects of a computer feedback treatment and behavioral support protocol on drop out from a newly initiated exercise program. Percept Mot Skills 2007; 105:55-66. [PMID: 17918549 DOI: 10.2466/pms.105.1.55-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Drop out from newly initiated exercise regimens is problematic. Three treatments intended to support new exercise programs (standard exercise counseling, computer feedback, and behavioral support) were tested to estimate their association with drop out over the initial 3 and 6 mo. Data from a total of 1,336 adults (44% men; M(age) = 41.9 yrs., SD = 9.8) initiating exercise programs at 18 community exercise facilities (six in each of the three treatment groups) were aggregated by facility on a measure of drop out and were then contrasted both within and between groups. After a mixed model repeated-measures analysis of variance was significant overall, planned contrasts were conducted using the Tukey-Kramer test. Significantly less drop out was found at Month 3 for both the computer support (27%) and behavioral support (17%) groups, when contrasted with the standard exercise counseling group (38%). Behavioral support had significantly less drop out than computer feedback at Month 3. The behavioral support group showed significantly less drop out at Month 6 (33%) when contrasted with both the standard exercise counseling (58%) and computer feedback (52%) groups, which did not significantly differ from one another. Limitations and the need to evaluate and extend research on interventions for reducing drop out from exercise programs were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Annesi
- YMCA of Metropolitan Atlanta, 100 Edgewood Avenue NE, Suite 1100, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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Lorentzen C, Ommundsen Y, Jenum AK, Holme I. The "Romsås in Motion" community intervention: program exposure and psychosocial mediated relationships to change in stages of change in physical activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2007; 4:15. [PMID: 17466077 PMCID: PMC1871604 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conducting process evaluations of health promoting interventions, and measuring the effectiveness of specific intervention components, may help in the understanding of program failure or success. The purposes of the present study were to examine adults' exposure to and involvement in specific components of a three year long pseudo-experimental community-based physical activity intervention, and to examine the relationship between such exposure and participation and changes in stages of change in physical activity and psychosocial mediators. Methods 1497 persons in the intervention group attended the baseline survey in 2000 (50.6%) and 1204 (80.4 of baseline attendees) provided data on the outcome variables of the present study. In 2003, 1089 were still living in the area, and were re-invited to follow-up assessments. Current analyses are based on the 603 persons (mean age 49 ± 10 years) who provided baseline and follow-up data for the current purposes (56.6% follow-up rate). Process data, stages of change in physical activity, and potential psychosocial mediators of change in physical activity were assessed by questionnaires. The theory-based intervention was composed of communication, physical activity, environmental and participatory components. Data were analysed using frequency and descriptive statistics, Chi-square and t-tests, and regression analyses. Results Exposure and participation rates in the various intervention components varied greatly (1.5–92.7%). Participation in walking groups and aerobic exercise groups, as well as having seen the "Walk the stairs"-poster were significantly and positively related to change in stages of change in physical activity (β = .12, p = .011; β = .211, p < .001; β = .105, p = .014, respectively). Additionally, having used the walk path was significantly and positively related to change in stages in women (β = .209, p = .001) but not in men (β = -.011, p = .879), and in Western people (β = .149, p = .003) but not in non-Westerners (β = -.293, p = .092). Observed significant relations were partly mediated by positive changes in psychosocial factors as social support from friends, perceived control, and physical activity identity. Conclusion Findings revealed that particular intervention components, such as participation in physical activity groups, were more strongly related to forward transition in stages of change in physical activity than others. These findings together with results indicating that such transitions were mediated by specific psychosocial influences may improve theory and help to prioritize among specific intervention components in future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lorentzen
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, P.O. BOX 4014, Ullevål Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yngvar Ommundsen
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, P.O. BOX 4014, Ullevål Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Karen Jenum
- Aker Diabetes Research Centre, Faculty Division Aker University Hospital, 0514 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingar Holme
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, P.O. BOX 4014, Ullevål Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway
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ANNESI JAMESJ. EFFECTS OF A COMPUTER FEEDBACK TREATMENT AND BEHAVIORAL SUPPORT PROTOCOL ON DROP OUT FROM A NEWLY INITIATED EXERCISE PROGRAM. Percept Mot Skills 2007. [DOI: 10.2466/pms.105.5.55-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Marcus BH, Williams DM, Dubbert PM, Sallis JF, King AC, Yancey AK, Franklin BA, Buchner D, Daniels SR, Claytor RP. Physical activity intervention studies: what we know and what we need to know: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Physical Activity); Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; and the Interdisciplinary Working Group on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Circulation 2006; 114:2739-52. [PMID: 17145995 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.179683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, our first purpose is to provide an overview of existing physical activity intervention research, focusing on subpopulations and intervention modalities. Our reviews within each area are not exhaustive or quantitative, as each area has been reviewed in more depth in numerous other reports. Instead, our goal is to provide a single document that provides a qualitative overview of intervention research that emphasizes selected topics of particular importance for improving the population-wide impact of interventions. Therefore, in synthesizing this vast literature, we begin with existing reviews of physical activity research in each area and incorporate in our discussions recent reports of well-designed individual physical activity intervention studies that expand the existing research base and/or target new areas of research. Our second purpose is to offer new ideas and recommendations to improve the state of the science within each area and, where possible, to propose ideas to help bridge the gaps between these existing categories of research.
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Popham F, Mitchell R. Leisure time exercise and personal circumstances in the working age population: longitudinal analysis of the British household panel survey. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006; 60:270-4. [PMID: 16476760 PMCID: PMC2465565 DOI: 10.1136/jech.2005.041194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigate the impact of social, economic, and family circumstances on participation in weekly leisure time exercise. DESIGN Longitudinal regression analysis of the British household panel survey. PARTICIPANTS 9473 people (4521 men and 4952 women) giving 27,881 person years of responses across eight years and four survey waves. MAIN RESULTS There was considerable variation among people in regular exercise participation over time. Having children was associated with a reduced likelihood of exercise for both men and women, although there were sex differences in this association according to the age of the youngest child. For both men and women working long hours was associated with a reduced likelihood of exercise, as was having a lower grade job. Retired men and women were more likely to exercise, as were those who attended a fee paying school. There was no strong independent association between household income and exercise. CONCLUSIONS For most people, participation in leisure time exercise "comes and goes" rather than being something they always or never do. Those with time pressures from work or domestic life are less likely to participate in leisure time physical activity. There are important sex differences in the impact of having children, with women experiencing longer term detrimental effects. Working long hours reduces leisure time exercise participation. Opportunities for physical activity as part of our daily working routines should be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Popham
- Research Unit in Health, Behaviour and Change, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
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Jenum AK, Anderssen SA, Birkeland KI, Holme I, Graff-Iversen S, Lorentzen C, Ommundsen Y, Raastad T, Odegaard AK, Bahr R. Promoting physical activity in a low-income multiethnic district: effects of a community intervention study to reduce risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: a community intervention reducing inactivity. Diabetes Care 2006; 29:1605-12. [PMID: 16801586 DOI: 10.2337/dc05-1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the net effects on risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease of a community-based 3-year intervention to increase physical activity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A pseudo-experimental cohort design was used to compare changes in risk factors from an intervention and a control district with similar socioeconomic status in Oslo, Norway, using a baseline investigation of 2,950 30- to 67-year-old participants and a follow-up investigation of 1,776 (67% of those eligible, 56% women, 18% non-Western immigrants) participants. A set of theory-based activities to promote physical activity were implemented and tailored toward groups with different psychosocial readiness for change. All results reported are net changes (the difference between changes in the intervention and control districts). At both surveys, the nonfasting serum levels of lipids and glucose were adjusted for time since last meal. RESULTS The increase in physical activity measured by two self-reported questionnaires was 9.5% (P = 0.008) and 8.1% (P = 0.02), respectively. The proportion who increased their body mass was 14.2% lower in the intervention district (P < 0.001), implying a 50% relative reduction compared with the control district, and was lower across subgroups. Beneficial effects were seen for triglyceride levels (0.16 mmol/l [95% CI 0.06-0.25], P = 0.002), cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (0.12 [0.03-0.20], P = 0.007), systolic blood pressure (3.6 mmHg [2.2-4.8], P < 0.001), and for men also in glucose levels (0.35 mmol/l [0.03-0.67], P = 0.03). The net proportion who were quitting smoking was 2.9% (0.1-5.7, P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Through a theory-driven, low-cost, population-based intervention program, we observed an increase in physical activity levels, reduced weight gain, and beneficial changes in other risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Karen Jenum
- Diabetes Research Centre, Aker University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Robazza C, Bortoli L. Changing students' attitudes towards risky motor tasks: an application of the IZOF model. J Sports Sci 2006; 23:1075-88. [PMID: 16194984 DOI: 10.1080/02640410500128205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention programme in the physical education setting designed to change attitudes and emotions triggered by potentially risky motor tasks. The individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model was used as a theoretical framework for the study. Italian male and female high school students (N = 84) took part in a 12 lesson intervention and in test-retest sessions. The assessment was conducted using the Motor Activity Anxiety Test to measure the students' approach-avoidance attitudes in the face of physical education tasks purported to engender strong emotional reactions. An idiosyncratic emotional profile was also implemented using a list of pleasant/unpleasant emotional adjectives. Two experimental groups were involved in the learning and performing of several potentially risky, highly emotion-arousing tasks, while two control groups were engaged in low-risk team sports. According to the hypothesis of the study, the programme was effective in decreasing the students' avoidance tendencies towards thrilling tasks and in increasing optimal-pleasant emotions. Our findings also demonstrated the feasibility and utility of applying the IZOF model to the context of physical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Robazza
- Facoltà de Medicina e Chirurgia, Scienze Motorie, Università di Padova, Italy.
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Annesi JJ. Relationship between before-to-after-exercise feeling state changes and exercise session attendance over 14 weeks: Testing principles of Operant Conditioning. Eur J Sport Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/17461390500387056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bulwer BE. Sedentary lifestyles, physical activity, and cardiovascular disease: from research to practice. Crit Pathw Cardiol 2004; 3:184-193. [PMID: 18340171 DOI: 10.1097/01.hpc.0000146866.02137.ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
More than 60% of the world's population is not physically active at levels that promote health. In concert with other behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), sedentary lifestyles exact a heavy medical and economic toll on individuals and societies. Physical activity lowers all-cause mortality, reduces several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and is a category 2 intervention that can halve cardiovascular disease risk. The benefits extend across a wide spectrum of structured as well as lifestyle physical activity levels. Models and programs aimed at translating physical activity's promise in cardiovascular prevention have been assessed, but results have been generally disappointing. A pragmatic strategy based on the "stages of change" or transtheoretical model can be effective. It incorporates self efficacy and individual initiatives, both crucial ingredients necessary to surmount the inevitable hurdles on the path towards physically active lifestyles.
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