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Massey WV, Williams TL. Sporting Activities for Individuals Who Experienced Trauma During Their Youth: A Meta-Study. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:73-87. [PMID: 31154911 DOI: 10.1177/1049732319849563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to critically examine the qualitative research on childhood trauma survivors' experiences of sporting activities. A comprehensive search of health and social science databases, manual journal searches, and contact with experts yielded 7,395 records. Full-text screening resulted in a final sample of 16 studies. Meta-study methodology was used as a diagnostic tool to rigorously analyze the theory, methods, and findings of the included studies. Studies with explicit connections between philosophy, theory, and methodology resulted in a more robust and critical contribution to the literature. There was much diversity in terms of methodological approaches and qualitative methods which was important in revealing the multifaceted nature of experiences in sporting activities following trauma. Findings from the reviewed studies indicated that a sense of belonging, psychological escape, embodied experience, and the physical and social environmental are important considerations in the study of sporting activities for trauma survivors.
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Rosenvinge JH, Sundgot-Borgen J, Pettersen G, Martinsen M, Stornæs AV, Pensgaard AM. Are adolescent elite athletes less psychologically distressed than controls? A cross-sectional study of 966 Norwegian adolescents. Open Access J Sports Med 2018; 9:115-123. [PMID: 29970969 PMCID: PMC6022816 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s156658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psychological distress is increasing among adolescents and clusters with other mental health problems such as eating problems. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological distress among young elite athletes and age-matched controls and whether prevalence figures may be attributed to perfectionism and eating problems. Methods First-year athletes from all Norwegian elite sport high schools (n=711) and 500 students from randomly selected ordinary high schools were eligible for this cross-sectional study. In total, 611 athletes and 355 student controls provided self-report data about psychological distress, perfectionism, and eating problems (ie, body dissatisfaction and a drive for thinness), as well as their physical training/activity. Results A significantly higher proportion of controls scored above the cutoff point for marked psychological distress. Physical activity above the recommended levels for this age group predicted psychological distress among the controls, while the opposite was found in the student elite athlete sample. In both samples, perfectionistic concerns, ie, concern over mistakes, predicted overall psychological distress. However, among elite athletes, perfectionistic concerns were particularly associated with clinically significant psychological distress. Moreover, the impact of eating problems was negligible. Conclusion Results from this study highlight the need to target the maladaptive perfectionistic concerns to prevent psychological distress among young athletes as well as among their age-matched nonathlete counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H Rosenvinge
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway,
| | | | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marianne Martinsen
- Department of Mathematics, Natural Sciences, and Physical Education, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | - Anne Marte Pensgaard
- Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sports Science, Oslo, Norway
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Sallen J, Hirschmann F, Herrmann C. Evaluation and Adaption of the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS) for Assessment in Competitive Sports. Front Psychol 2018; 9:308. [PMID: 29593611 PMCID: PMC5859381 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The demands of a career in competitive sports can lead to chronic stress perception among athletes if there is a non-conformity of requirements and available coping resources. The Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS) (Schulz et al., 2004) is said to be thoroughly validated. Nevertheless, it has not yet been subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis. The present study aims (1) to evaluate the factorial validity of the TICS within the context of competitive sports and (2) to adapt a short version (TICS-36). The total sample consisted of 564 athletes (age in years: M = 19.1, SD = 3.70). The factor structure of the original TICS did not adequately fit the present data, whereas the short version presented a satisfactory fit. The results indicate that the TICS-36 is an economical instrument for gathering interpretable information about chronic stress. For assessment in competitive sports with TICS-36, we generated overall and gender-specific norm values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Sallen
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Christian Herrmann
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Sallen J, Hemming K, Richartz A. Facilitating dual careers by improving resistance to chronic stress: effects of an intervention programme for elite student athletes. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 18:112-122. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1407363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Sallen
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Department for Sport and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karen Hemming
- German Youth Institute, Halle, Germany
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alfred Richartz
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Holt NL, Neely KC, Slater LG, Camiré M, Côté J, Fraser-Thomas J, MacDonald D, Strachan L, Tamminen KA. A grounded theory of positive youth development through sport based on results from a qualitative meta-study. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 10:1-49. [PMID: 27695511 PMCID: PMC5020349 DOI: 10.1080/1750984x.2016.1180704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The overall purpose of this study was to create a model of positive youth development (PYD) through sport grounded in the extant qualitative literature. More specifically, the first objective was to review and evaluate qualitative studies of PYD in sport. The second objective was to analyze and synthesize findings from these studies. Following record identification and screening, 63 articles were retained for analysis. Meta-method analysis revealed strengths of studies were the use of multiple data collection and validity techniques, which produced high-quality data. Weaknesses were limited use of 'named' methodologies and inadequate reporting of sampling procedures. Philosophical perspectives were rarely reported, and theory was used sparingly. Results of an inductive meta-data analysis produced three categories: PYD climate (adult relationships, peer relationships, and parental involvement), life skills program focus (life skill building activities and transfer activities), and PYD outcomes (in personal, social, and physical domains). A model that distinguishes between implicit and explicit processes to PYD is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L. Holt
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Katherine A. Tamminen
| | - Kacey C. Neely
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda G. Slater
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Martin Camiré
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Côté
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dany MacDonald
- Faculty of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Leisha Strachan
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Katherine A. Tamminen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Martinent G, Decret JC. Coping profiles of young Athletes in their everyday life: A three-wave two-month study. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 15:736-47. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Swimmers’ Experiences of Organizational Stress: Exploring the Role of Cognitive Appraisal and Coping Strategies. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1123/jcsp.2014-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated sport performers’ coping strategies in response to organizational stressors, examined the utility of Skinner, Edge, Altman, and Sherwood’s (2003) categorization of coping within a sport context, determined the short-term perceived effectiveness of the coping strategies used, and explored appraisal-coping associations. Thirteen national standard swimmers completed semistructured, interval-contingent diaries every day for 28 days. Results revealed 78 coping strategies, which supported 10 of Skinner et al.’s (2003) families of coping. Twenty-four different combinations of coping families were identified. The perceived most effective coping family used in isolation was self-reliance and in combination was escape and negotiation. Stressful appraisals were associated with varied coping strategies. The results highlight the complexity of coping and point to the importance of appraisal-coping associations. Skinner et al.’s (2003) categorization of coping provides a promising conceptual framework for the development of coping research in sport.
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Exploring Coping Strategies Used by National Adolescent Netball Players Across Domains. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SPORT PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1123/jcsp.7.2.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coping is highly relevant to performance in any domain where individuals strive to attain personally important goals. Thirty-three female national standard adolescent netball players participated in focus group and one-on-one interviews. Participants reported stressors experienced in not only sport, but also in other areas of life. They also reported coping strategies used and factors that might influence the stressor-coping process. Results identified stressors that derived from attempts to achieve highly important personal goals in different areas of daily life, including academic, sport, and social settings. Usage of future-oriented coping strategies such as planning, prioritizing, time-management, goal setting, and problem solving were associated with successfully managing multiple stressors and a sense of well-being. The present study illustrated the potential contribution of encouraging athletes to use future-oriented coping strategies when seeking the attainment of goals across domains. Future research should look to test the effectiveness of interventions designed to promote usage of future-oriented coping strategies.
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Tong A, Flemming K, McInnes E, Oliver S, Craig J. Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ. BMC Med Res Methodol 2012; 12:181. [PMID: 23185978 PMCID: PMC3552766 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1700] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The syntheses of multiple qualitative studies can pull together data across different contexts, generate new theoretical or conceptual models, identify research gaps, and provide evidence for the development, implementation and evaluation of health interventions. This study aims to develop a framework for reporting the synthesis of qualitative health research. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search for guidance and reviews relevant to the synthesis of qualitative research, methodology papers, and published syntheses of qualitative health research in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and relevant organisational websites to May 2011. Initial items were generated inductively from guides to synthesizing qualitative health research. The preliminary checklist was piloted against forty published syntheses of qualitative research, purposively selected to capture a range of year of publication, methods and methodologies, and health topics. We removed items that were duplicated, impractical to assess, and rephrased items for clarity. RESULTS The Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ) statement consists of 21 items grouped into five main domains: introduction, methods and methodology, literature search and selection, appraisal, and synthesis of findings. CONCLUSIONS The ENTREQ statement can help researchers to report the stages most commonly associated with the synthesis of qualitative health research: searching and selecting qualitative research, quality appraisal, and methods for synthesising qualitative findings. The synthesis of qualitative research is an expanding and evolving methodological area and we would value feedback from all stakeholders for the continued development and extension of the ENTREQ statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Tong
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Kate Flemming
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, UK
| | - Elizabeth McInnes
- National Centre for Clinical Outcomes Research, Australian Catholic University, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Sandy Oliver
- Institute of Education, University of London, London, WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Jonathan Craig
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
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