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Tang XL, Nasr M, Zheng S, Zoubul T, Stephan JK, Uchida S, Singhal R, Khan A, Gumpert A, Bolli R, Wysoczynski M. Bone Marrow and Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Ineffective for Myocardial Repair in an Immunodeficient Rat Model of Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2429-2446. [PMID: 37500831 PMCID: PMC10579184 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cell therapy provides benefits for outcomes of heart failure, the most optimal cell type to be used clinically remains unknown. Most of the cell products used for therapy in humans require in vitro expansion to obtain a suitable number of cells for treatment; however, the clinical background of the donor and limited starting material may result in the impaired proliferative and reparative capacity of the cells expanded in vitro. Wharton's jelly mesenchymal cells (WJ MSCs) provide a multitude of advantages over adult tissue-derived cell products for therapy. These include large starting tissue material, superior proliferative capacity, and disease-free donors. Thus, WJ MSC if effective would be the most optimal cell source for clinical use. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Wharton's jelly (WJ) and bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy in rats. METHODS Human WJ MSCs and BM MSCs were expanded in vitro, characterized, and evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in a immunodeficient rat model of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac function was evaluated with hemodynamics and echocardiography. The extent of cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and inflammation was assessed with histological analysis. RESULTS In vitro analysis revealed that WJ MSCs and BM MSCs are morphologically and immunophenotypically indistinguishable. Nevertheless, the functional analysis showed that WJ MSCs have a superior proliferative capacity, less senescent phenotype, and distinct transcriptomic profile compared to BM MSC. WJ MSCs and BM MSC injected in rat hearts chronically after MI produced a small, but not significant improvement in heart structure and function. Histological analysis showed no difference in the scar size, collagen content, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, and immune cell count. CONCLUSIONS Human WJ and BM MSC have a small but not significant effect on cardiac structure and function when injected intramyocardially in immunodeficient rats chronically after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Liang Tang
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marjan Nasr
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Shirong Zheng
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Taylor Zoubul
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jonah K Stephan
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richa Singhal
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Aisha Khan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anna Gumpert
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marcin Wysoczynski
- Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 580 South Preston St. - Rm 204B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Kim GY, Choi GT, Park J, Lee J, Do JT. Comparative Analysis of Porcine Adipose- and Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2947. [PMID: 37760347 PMCID: PMC10525484 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue regeneration, cell therapy, and cultured meat research owing to their ability to differentiate into various lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. As MSCs display different characteristics depending on the tissue of origin, the appropriate cells need to be selected according to the purpose of the research. However, little is known of the unique properties of MSCs in pigs. In this study, we compared two types of porcine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the dorsal subcutaneous adipose tissue (adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)) and Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord (Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs)) of 1-day-old piglets. The ADSCs displayed a higher proliferation rate and more efficient differentiation potential into adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages than that of WJ-MSCs; conversely, WJ-MSCs showed superior differentiation capacity towards osteogenic lineages. In early passages, ADSCs displayed higher proliferation rates and mitochondrial energy metabolism (measured based on the oxygen consumption rate) compared with that of WJ-MSCs, although these distinctions diminished in late passages. This study broadens our understanding of porcine MSCs and provides insights into their potential applications in animal clinics and cultured meat science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Yeon Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (G.T.C.); (J.P.)
- 3D Tissue Culture Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (G.T.C.); (J.P.)
- 3D Tissue Culture Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinryong Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (G.T.C.); (J.P.)
- 3D Tissue Culture Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongeun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Convergency Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, KU Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.K.); (G.T.C.); (J.P.)
- 3D Tissue Culture Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Comparison of Biological Features of Wild European Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126420. [PMID: 35742872 PMCID: PMC9224375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the European rabbit is an "endangered" species and a notorious biological model, the analysis and comparative characterization of new tissue sources of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) have not been well addressed. Here, we report for the first time the isolation and characterization of rMSCs derived from an animal belonging to a natural rabbit population within the native region of the species. New rMSC lines were isolated from different tissues: oral mucosa (rOM-MSC), dermal skin (rDS-MSC), subcutaneous adipose tissue (rSCA-MSC), ovarian adipose tissue (rOA-MSC), oviduct (rO-MSC), and mammary gland (rMG-MSC). The six rMSC lines showed plastic adhesion with fibroblast-like morphology and were all shown to be positive for CD44 and CD29 expression (characteristic markers of MSCs), and negative for CD34 or CD45 expression. In terms of pluripotency features, all rMSC lines expressed NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. Furthermore, all rMSC lines cultured under osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic conditions showed differentiation capacity. In conclusion, this study describes the isolation and characterization of new rabbit cell lines from different tissue origins, with a clear mesenchymal pattern. We show that rMSC do not exhibit differences in terms of morphological features, expression of the cell surface, and intracellular markers of pluripotency and in vitro differentiation capacities, attributable to their tissue of origin.
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