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Abdoul-Latif FM, Ainane A, Houmed Aboubaker I, Mohamed J, Ainane T. An Overview of Cancer in Djibouti: Current Status, Therapeutic Approaches, and Promising Endeavors in Local Essential Oil Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1617. [PMID: 38004482 PMCID: PMC10674319 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Djibouti, a developing economy, grapples with significant socioeconomic obstacles and the prevalence of infectious pathologies, including certain forms of neoplasms. These challenges are exacerbated by limited access to affordable medical technologies for diagnosis, coupled with a lack of preventive interventions, particularly in disadvantaged areas. The attention devoted to local phytotherapeutic treatments underscores the uniqueness of Djibouti's flora, resulting from its distinctive geographical position. International focus specifically centers on harnessing this potential as a valuable resource, emphasizing the phytoconstituents used to counter pathologies, notably carcinomas. This comprehensive overview covers a broad spectrum, commencing with an examination of the current state of knowledge, namely an in-depth investigation of oncological risk factors. Essential elements of control are subsequently studied, highlighting the fundamental prerequisites for effective management. The significance of dietary habits in cancer prevention and support is explored in depth, while traditional methods are examined, highlighting the cultural significance of indigenous essential oil therapies and encouraging further research based on the promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatouma Mohamed Abdoul-Latif
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Ayoub Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra (EST-Khenifra), University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
| | | | - Jalludin Mohamed
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Tarik Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra (EST-Khenifra), University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
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Mehrnoush V, Keramati S, Ismail A, Shabana W, Zakaria A, Elmansy H, Shahrour W, Prowse O, Kotb A. Adverse pathological outcomes of patients with de novo muscle invasive bladder cancer in Northern Ontario. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2022; 94:41-45. [PMID: 35352519 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2022.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with de novo muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who underwent radical cystectomy in Northern Ontario. METHODS This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with de novo T2 MIBC who underwent radical cystectomy over a 2-year-period in Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre. Clinical and pathological characteristics of Trans Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumors and cystectomy specimens were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 59 patients aged 67 ± 8.8 years, predominated by males (80%), 27.1% were younger than age 60. After surgery, upstaging was noted in 59.3% (T3 in 27.1% and T4 in 32.2%) while node positive was noted in 36% of patients. Prostate adenocarcinoma was incidentally discovered in 20 (34%) of patients with 50% considered significant (Gleason score ≥ 7). Downstaging was found in those who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of younger ages (less than 60), a high rate of upstaging, the presence of high-grade incidental prostate cancer, and lymph node positives in T2 de novo MIBC in Northern Ontario, warrants further investigation of potential causes and risk factors at individual, public, and population health levels in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mehrnoush
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Shahrzad Keramati
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Asmaa Ismail
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Waleed Shabana
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Ahmed Zakaria
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Hazem Elmansy
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Walid Shahrour
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Owen Prowse
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
| | - Ahmed Kotb
- Urology Department, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay Regional Health Centre, Ontario.
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Waterpipe Smoking among Bladder Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study of Lebanese and Jordanian Populations. J Smok Cessat 2021; 2021:6615832. [PMID: 34306225 PMCID: PMC8279186 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6615832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most reported cancer in Lebanon and the fifth in Jordan. Its risk factors are mainly smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines. In these countries where smoking and bladder cancer are highly prevalent, the role of waterpipe smoking (WPS) in bladder cancer is less investigated. We aim to compare two sets of patients between Lebanon and Jordan, focusing on their smoking habits, WP use, occupational exposure, and the grade/invasiveness of their bladder cancer. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that compares the smoking culture between two sets of populations with bladder cancer, from two different countries. We recruited 274 bladder cancer patients over the 18 years of age at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), and 158 bladder cancer patients over the age of 18 years at the King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC). Results 7.7% of Lebanese patients had significantly more positive family history of bladder cancer compared to 13.9% of Jordanian patients (p = 0.045). Another significant finding is that the majority of Lebanese patients 70.7% reported being frequently exposed to secondhand smoking, mainly cigarettes, versus only 48.6% of Jordanian patients (p < 0.001). The increasing smoking trend among Lebanese females is remarkably the highest in the region, which contributed to the overall increase in smoking rates in the country. 17.1% of the Lebanese smoking patients are mainly but not exclusively WP smokers of which 6.3% are daily WP smokers, similarly 17.1% of the Jordanian patients of which 3.2% are daily WP smokers. There were 71.5% of Lebanese patients who had a noninvasive BC versus 40% of Jordanian patients (p < 0.001), and more than one-third reported an occupational exposure to one of the risk factors of BC in both groups. Conclusions Bladder cancer incidence is on the rise in both Jordan and Lebanon along with different smoking types. It is necessary to impose prevention policies to prevent and control the high smoking prevalence. Bladder cancer invasiveness is higher in Jordan compared to universal data.
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Ensemble forecasting of a continuously decreasing trend in bladder cancer incidence in Taiwan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8373. [PMID: 33863962 PMCID: PMC8052324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies involving the urinary system of about 1.65 million cases worldwide. To attain the 25 by 25 goal set by the World Health Organization (25% reduction in non-communicable diseases between 2015 and 2025), developing strategies to reduce cancer burdens is essential. The data of the study comprised the age-specific bladder cancer cases and total population numbers from age 25 to 85 and above from 1997 to 2016 in Taiwan. An ensemble age-period-cohort model was used to estimate bladder cancer incidence trends and forecast the trends to 2025. For men, the projected age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 people in 2020 and 2025 are 13.0 and 10.4, respectively, with a 16.1% and 32.9% decrease projected from 2016 to 2020 and 2025, respectively. For women, the projected age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 people in 2020 and 2025 are 4.7 and 3.7, respectively, with a 16.1% and 33.9% decrease projected from 2016 to 2020 and 2025, respectively. The age-specific bladder cancer incidence rates demonstrated a consistently downward trend after 2003 for all ages and both sexes. This study projects that the incidence rates of bladder cancer in Taiwan will continue to decrease, and more than a 25% reduction can be achieved from 2016 to 2025.
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Lakkis NA, Adib SM, Hamadeh GN, El-Jarrah RT, Osman MH. Bladder Cancer in Lebanon: Incidence and Comparison to Regional and Western Countries. Cancer Control 2018; 25:1073274818789359. [PMID: 30027755 PMCID: PMC6055109 DOI: 10.1177/1073274818789359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lebanon has one of the highest estimated age-standardized incidence rate (ASR(w))
of bladder cancer (BC) worldwide. The aim of this study is to analyze the
incidence rates for BC in Lebanon over a period of 7 years and to compare them
to the rates in other countries. Data were obtained from the Lebanese National
Cancer Registry for the currently available years 2005 to 2011. The calculated
ASR(w) and age-specific rates were expressed as per 100 000 population. From
2005 to 2011, BC has been ranked as the third most common cancer in Lebanon. It
accounted for 9.0% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases excluding nonmelanoma
skin cancer. It ranked second in males and ninth in females. The average ASR(w)
over this period was 31.2 in men and 7.3 in women. These incidence rates are
among the highest worldwide across all age groups in both sexes. This study
shows that the incidence of BC in Lebanon is high and it is among the highest
worldwide. It is important to reduce the risk of BC through tobacco control and
by decreasing exposure to avoidable environmental and occupational risk
factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla A Lakkis
- 1 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Salim M Adib
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan N Hamadeh
- 1 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana T El-Jarrah
- 1 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mona H Osman
- 1 Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut, Lebanon
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Ogreden E, Oguz U, Demirelli E, Yalçın O. Effect of smoking on pathological grade and stage in clinically low-risk patients. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afju.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Selinski S. Discovering urinary bladder cancer risk variants: Status quo after almost ten years of genome-wide association studies. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:1288-1296. [PMID: 29285021 PMCID: PMC5735342 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Selinski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo)
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Abstract
Bladder cancer incidence is higher in old men, shows geographic variation, and is mostly an environmental disease. Cigarette smoking, occupational exposures, water arsenic, Schistosoma haematobium infestation, and some medications are the best established risk factors. Low-penetrance genetic factors also contribute to its origin, some through interaction with environmental factors. Bladder cancer has high prevalence and a low mortality, being largely a chronic disease. Data on environmental and genetic factors involved in the disease outcome are inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Pakzad R, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadian M, Pakzad I, Safiri S, Khazaei S, Salehiniya H. Incidence and Mortality of Bladder Cancer and their Relationship with Development in Asia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:7365-74. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gupta N, Sureka B, Kumar MM, Malik A, Bhushan TB, Mohanty NK. Comparison of dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance image in staging and grading of carcinoma bladder with histopathological correlation. Urol Ann 2015; 7:199-204. [PMID: 25835087 PMCID: PMC4374259 DOI: 10.4103/0974-7796.150480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is the second most common neoplasm of the urinary tract worldwide. Dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI has been introduced in clinical MRI protocols of bladder cancer because of its accuracy in staging and grading. AIM To evaluate and compare accuracy of Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) and Diffusion weighted (DW) MRI for preoperative T staging of urinary bladder cancer and find correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and maximum enhancement with histological grade. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients with bladder cancer were included in study. All patients underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on a 1.5-T scanner with a phased-array pelvic coil. MR images were evaluated and assigned a stage which was compared with the histolopathological staging. ADC value and maximum enhancement curve were used based on previous studies. Subsequently histological grade was compared with MR characteristics. RESULTS The extent of agreement between the radiologic staging and histopathological staging was relatively greater with the DW-MRI (κ=0.669) than DCE-MRI (κ=0.619). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy are maximum and similar for stage T4 tumors in both DCEMRI (100.0, 96.2 and 96.7) and DW-MRI (100.0, 96.2 and 96.7) while minimum for stage T2 tumors - DCEMRI (83.3, 72.2, and 76.7) and DWI-MRI (91.7, 72.2, and 80). CONCLUSION MRI is an effective tool for determining T stage and histological grade of urinary bladder cancers. Stage T2a and T2b can be differentiated only by DCE-MRI. Results were more accurate when both ADC and DCE-MRI were used together and hence a combined approach is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetika Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Binit Sureka
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Mittal Mahesh Kumar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Amita Malik
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Thukral Brij Bhushan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - N K Mohanty
- Department of Urology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Selinski S. Urinary bladder cancer risk variants: recent findings and new challenges of GWAS and confirmatory studies. Arch Toxicol 2015; 88:1469-75. [PMID: 24912786 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Selinski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,
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12
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Nazeri N. Incidental Sonographic Detection of Non–Muscle-Invasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma in a Low-Risk Patient. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479313515331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This case presentation describes the early diagnosis of an invasive urinary bladder cancer in a woman in her late 60s with no history of cancer, hematuria, dysuria, smoking, or hormone replacement therapy. This was confirmed on histopathology after tumor resection. The case report demonstrates the importance of including scanning the urinary bladder in all pelvic sonography examinations, even in the low-risk population. The following study also discusses the prevalence, etiology, diagnostic tools, prognosis, and treatment of bladder cancer. Different types of bladder tumors, staging, and grading criteria are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikta Nazeri
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Group of Verdugo Hills, Glendale, CA, USA
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Michaud S, Kuntz A, Dupas D, Campion L, Bouchot O, Pfister C, Rigaud J. [Multicentric evaluation of a self-screening questionnaire for occupational bladder cancer]. Prog Urol 2013; 23:977-85. [PMID: 24090782 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate a self-screening questionnaire for bladder cancer of occupational origin and analyse an influence of exposure to a carcinogen bladder tumor on prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Five hundred and thirty-one patients followed, between 2005 and 2010, for bladder cancer in two university centers have received a self-screening questionnaire derived from questionnaire KVP 08. Patients who responded positively to at least one of the items were considered to have a self-screening questionnaire "positive". Patients were finally invited to take an appointment for consultation in occupational pathology. RESULTS The response rate to self-screening questionnaire was 39.9% (212/531). It was "positive" in 82 cases (38.7%). Among the 82 patients with a self-screening questionnaire "positive", 46 patients consulted in occupational pathology (56%). Occupational exposure to a bladder carcinogen was documented in 91.3% of cases. Among the 22 patients who consulted in occupational pathology with a self-screening questionnaire "negative", an occupational exposure to a bladder carcinogen was documented in 13.6% of cases. The sensibility of the self-screening questionnaire was 91.3%, the specificity 86.4% and the accuracy 89.7%. The relative risk to have an occupational exposure if the self-screening questionnaire was "positive" was 6.69. The analysis of groups "positive" versus "negative" does not reveal any statistically significant difference in terms of tumor aggressiveness and disease-free survival. CONCLUSION The self-screening questionnaire was considered relevant with good reliability for detection of occupational exposure to a bladder carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Michaud
- Clinique urologique, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes, France
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Bachir BG, Kassouf W. Cause-effect? Understanding the risk factors associated with bladder cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2013; 12:1499-502. [PMID: 23253215 DOI: 10.1586/era.12.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schwender H, Selinski S, Blaszkewicz M, Marchan R, Ickstadt K, Golka K, Hengstler JG. Distinct SNP combinations confer susceptibility to urinary bladder cancer in smokers and non-smokers. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51880. [PMID: 23284801 PMCID: PMC3527453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, genome-wide association studies have identified and validated genetic variations associated with urinary bladder cancer (UBC). However, it is still unknown whether the high-risk alleles of several SNPs interact with one another, leading to an even higher disease risk. Additionally, there is no information available on how the UBC risk due to these SNPs compare to the risk of cigarette smoking and to occupational exposure to urinary bladder carcinogens, and whether the same or different SNP combinations are relevant in smokers and non-smokers. To address these questions, we analyzed the genotypes of six SNPs, previously found to be associated with UBC, together with the GSTM1 deletion, in 1,595 UBC cases and 1,760 controls, stratified for smoking habits. We identified the strongest interactions of different orders and tested the stability of their effect by bootstrapping. We found that different SNP combinations were relevant in smokers and non-smokers. In smokers, polymorphisms involved in detoxification of cigarette smoke carcinogens were most relevant (GSTM1, rs11892031), in contrast to those in non-smokers with MYC and APOBEC3A near polymorphisms (rs9642880, rs1014971) being the most influential. Stable combinations of up to three high-risk alleles resulted in higher odds ratios (OR) than the individual SNPs, although the interaction effect was less than additive. The highest stable combination effects resulted in an OR of about 2.0, which is still lower than the ORs of cigarette smoking (here, current smokers' OR: 3.28) and comparable to occupational carcinogen exposure risks which, depending on the workplace, show mostly ORs up to 2.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Schwender
- Mathematical Institute, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Giberti C, Gallo F, Schenone M, Genova A. Early results of urothelial carcinoma screening in a risk population of coke workers: urothelial carcinoma among coke workers. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 2010; 23:300-304. [PMID: 20934118 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-3988(10)60067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present the protocol and the early results of a urothelial carcinoma (UC) screening analysis performed in a risk population of coke workers. METHODS Between June 2006 and October 2008, 171 male workers (mean age 43 years), employed in a Ligurian coke plant (Italiana Coke S.r.l) and exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for a median period of 16 years, underwent screening for UC. Urological evaluation included medical history, physical examination, routine laboratory tests, urine analysis, urinary cytology and uCyt+ assay. In the event of signs and symptoms suggestive of UC or positive urinary tests, the workers were also subjected to urinary ultrasonography and cystoscopy with biopsy of any suspicious lesions. RESULTS Regarding the laboratory tests, 19/171 (11%) uCyt+ samples were considered inadequate and were excluded from the outcomes assessment. Overall, urine analysis, cytology and uCyt+ were positive in 18/152 (12%) subjects who showed no evidence of UC at the scheduled check-ups. No significant association was identified between marker positivity and occupational activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results fail to show an increased risk of UC among the coke workers evaluated. However, they will need to be confirmed in the future by a larger enrollment and a longer follow-up in order to assess the definitive risk for UC after exposure to coke.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giberti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, San Paolo Hospital, Savona, Italy
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Babjuk M. The search for the etiology of bladder cancer: are achievements sufficient? Eur Urol 2009; 56:771-2; discussion 773-4. [PMID: 19635641 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ploeg M, Aben KKH, Kiemeney LA. The present and future burden of urinary bladder cancer in the world. World J Urol 2009; 27:289-93. [PMID: 19219610 PMCID: PMC2694323 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-009-0383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 628] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a common disease worldwide. At any point in time 2.7 million people have a history of UBC. The incidence of UBC varies over the world with highest rates in developed communities. But the burden of UBC will increase in less developed areas of the world. These changes can be attributed to global changes in exposure to risk factors for UBC and growth and aging of the world population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Ploeg
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
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