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Vinck AK, Felkers E, Urtizberea M, Hewitt NJ, Bürling K, Morriss A. Ambient air concentrations of plant protection products: Data collection for the combined air concentration database and associated risk assessment. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 149:105627. [PMID: 38621522 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
CropLife Europe collected literature values from monitoring studies measuring air concentrations of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) that may be inhaled by humans located in rural areas but not immediately adjacent to PPP applications. The resulting "Combined Air Concentration Database" (CACD) was used to determine whether air concentrations of PPPs reported by the French "Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety" (ANSES) are consistent with those measured by others to increase confidence in values of exposure to humans. The results were put into risk assessment context. Results show that 25-90% of samples do not contain measurable PPP concentrations. Measured respirable fractions were below EU default air concentrations used for risk assessment for resident exposure by the European Food Safety Authority. All measured exposures in the CACD were also below established toxicological endpoints, even when considering the highest maximum average reported concentrations and very conservative inhalation rates. The highest recorded air concentration was for prosulfocarb (0.696 μg/m³ measured over 48 h) which is below the EFSA default limit of 1 μg/m³ for low volatility substances. In conclusion, based on the CACD, measured air concentrations of PPPs are significantly lower than EFSA default limits and relevant toxicological reference values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Kim Vinck
- Bayer SAS, Crop Science Division, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Edgars Felkers
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Monheim am Rhein, Germany.
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Mamy L, Bonnot K, Benoit P, Bockstaller C, Latrille E, Rossard V, Servien R, Patureau D, Prevost L, Pierlot F, Bedos C. Assessment of pesticides volatilization potential based on their molecular properties using the TyPol tool. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125613. [PMID: 34088172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Following treatment, amounts of pesticides can reach the atmosphere because of spray drift, volatilization from soil or plants, and/or wind erosion. Monitoring and risk assessment of air contamination by pesticides is a recent issue and more insights on pesticide transfer to atmosphere are needed. Thus, the objective of this work was to better understand and assess pesticides emission potential to air through volatilization. The TyPol tool was used to explore the relationships between the global, soil and plant volatilization potentials of 178 pesticides, and their molecular properties. The outputs of TyPol were then compared to atmospheric pesticide concentrations monitored in various French regions. TyPol was able to discriminate pesticides that were observed in air from those that were not. Clustering considering parameters driving the emission potential from soil (sorption characteristics) or plant (lipophilic properties), in addition to vapor pressure, allowed better discrimination of the pesticides than clustering considering all parameters for the global emission potential. Pesticides with high volatilization potential have high total energy, and low molecular weight, molecular connectivity indices and polarizability. TyPol helped better understand the volatilization potential of pesticides. It can be used as a first step to assess the risk of air contamination by pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Mamy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
| | - Kevin Bonnot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Pierre Benoit
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | | | - Eric Latrille
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Virginie Rossard
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Rémi Servien
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | - Dominique Patureau
- INRAE, Univ. Montpellier, LBE, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
| | | | - Frédéric Pierlot
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, 68000 Colmar, France; Chambre régionale d'agriculture Grand Est, 54520 Laxou, France
| | - Carole Bedos
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Gupta P, Verma SK. Evaluation of genotoxicity induced by herbicide pendimethalin in fresh water fishClarias batrachus(linn.) and possible role of oxidative stress in induced DNA damage. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:750-759. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1774603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Bilaspur, India
| | - Sushant Kumar Verma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Bilaspur, India
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Liang D, Liu W, Raza R, Bai Y, Liu H. Applications of solid-phase micro-extraction with mass spectrometry in pesticide analysis. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:330-341. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Liang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education; College of New Energy and Environment; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education; College of New Energy and Environment; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Rabia Raza
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Institute of Analytical Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
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Ruiz de Arcaute C, Soloneski S, Larramendy ML. Synergism of mixtures of dicamba and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide formulations on the neotropical fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Pisces, Poeciliidae). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:33-39. [PMID: 29414355 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dicamba (DIC) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) are two of the most applied auxinic herbicides worldwide, both individually and as part of a mixture. However, the toxicity and interactions achieved when applied as a mixture have not yet been characterised. The equitoxic and non-equitoxic acute toxicity exerted by binary mixtures of Banvel® (57.71% DIC) and DMA® (58.4% 2,4-D) on the Neotropical fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus were evaluated. Results revealed mean values of 1.02 (range, 0.96-1.08) for the toxic unit (TU) that induced 50% mortality (TU50 96 h) to the fish exposed to binary equitoxic mixtures of the commercial formulations Banvel®-DMA®. These results suggest that the mixture is nearly concentration additive. Furthermore, results demonstrated the occurrence of synergistic interaction when non-equitoxic combinations of Banvel®-or DMA®-formulated herbicides were assayed. In this context and regardless of their concentrations, either Banvel®- or DMA®-induced toxicity were synergised by the presence of the counterpart within mixtures. The present study represents the first evidence of the lethality exerted by mixtures of two auxinic herbicides-namely, DIC and 2,4-D-reported to date for fish and other biotic matrices. When C. decemmaculatus is used as the target organism, a synergistic pattern is observed following exposure to a mixture of both herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ruiz de Arcaute
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nº 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - S Soloneski
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nº 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - M L Larramendy
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nº 3, B1904AMA La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
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Pirsaheb M, Rezaei M, Fattahi N, Karami M, Sharafi K, Ghaffari HR. Optimization of a methodology for the simultaneous determination of deltamethrin, permethrin and malathion in stored wheat samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop and HPLC-UV. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:641-650. [PMID: 28586286 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1330078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate common pesticides in stored wheat at Kermanshah province's silos in Iran. A simple, inexpensive, reliable and environmentally friendly method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop was developed. The analytical characteristics of the method were determined. Also, various parameters such as the materials of the silos, types of ownerships of the silos, geographic orientation of silo locations and climatic conditions of silo locations on pesticide residues in studied wheat samples were investigated. Among all the studied parameters, the climatic conditions of silo locations showed the highest influence on pesticide residues in wheat samples. Generally, 61.2% of the samples had pesticide levels below the method detection limits and 38.8% of the total samples had at least one of the understudied pesticides. Also, 13.9% of the samples had deltamethrin residues, 16.7% of the samples had permethrin, 22.2% of the samples had malathion, 11.1% of the samples had both permethrin and malathion and 2.8% of the samples had both deltamethrin and malathion. The results revealed that the residues of deltamethrin and malathion were lower than the standard level announced by European Union regulation and only three samples contained permethrin higher than Europe standard level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghdad Pirsaheb
- a Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Mansour Rezaei
- b Fertility and Infertility Research Center, School of Public Health , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Nazir Fattahi
- a Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Mohammad Karami
- c Students Research Committee , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- a Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Hamid R Ghaffari
- d Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health , Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences , Bandar Abbas , Iran
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Liaud C, Schwartz JJ, Millet M. Comparison of atmospheric concentrations of currently used pesticides between urban and rural areas during intensive application period in Alsace (France) by using XAD-2® based passive samplers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:458-465. [PMID: 28353395 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1301756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
XAD-2® passive samplers (PAS) have been exposed simultaneously for 14 days on two sites, one rural and one urban, situated in Alsace (East of France) during intensive pesticides application in agriculture (between March and September). PAS have been extracted and analyzed for current-used pesticides and lindane with an analytical method coupling accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and GC/MS/MS. Results show the detection of pesticides is linked to the period of application and spatial and temporal variabilities can be observed with these PAS during the selected sampling period. The spatial and temporal variability is comparable to the one previously observed by comparing data obtained with PAS with data from Hi.-Vol. samplers in an urban area. Sampling rates were calculated for some pesticides and values are comparable to the data already available in the literature. From these sampling rates, concentrations in ng m-3 of pesticides in PAS have been calculated and are in the same order of magnitude as those obtained with Hi.Vol. sampling during the same period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Liaud
- a Institute of Chemistry for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515-CNRS) , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg Cedex , France
| | - Jean-Jacques Schwartz
- a Institute of Chemistry for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515-CNRS) , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg Cedex , France
| | - Maurice Millet
- a Institute of Chemistry for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515-CNRS) , University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg Cedex , France
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