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Zhang P, Li J, Ashour EA, Chung S, Wang H, Vemula SK, Repka MA. Development of multiple structured extended release tablets via hot melt extrusion and dual-nozzle fused deposition modeling 3D printing. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123905. [PMID: 38355075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The study aims to fabricate extended release (ER) tablets using a dual-nozzle fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology based on hot melt extrusion (HME), using caffeine as the model compound. Three different ER tablets were developed, which obtained "delayed-release", "rapid-sustained release", and "release-lag-release" properties. Each type of tablet was printed with two different formulations. A novel printing method was employed in this study, which is to push the HME filament from behind with polylactic acid (PLA) to prevent sample damage by gears during the printing process. Powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that caffeine was predominately amorphous in the final tablets. The dissolution of 3D printed tablets was assessed using a USP-II dissolution apparatus. ER tablets containing PVA dissolved faster than those developed with Kollicoat IR. Overall, this study revealed that ER tablets were successfully manufactured through HME paired with dual-nozzle FDM 3D printing and demonstrated the power of 3D printing in developing multi-layer tablets with complex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Jinghan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eman A Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sooyeon Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Honghe Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sateesh Kumar Vemula
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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2
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Kaewpradit S, Chingunpitak J, Samhadthai W, Suppawattana T, Jantarat C. Comparison of Properties of Acetaminophen Tablets Prepared by Wet Granulation Using Freeze-Dried Versus Phase-Inversion Bacterial Cellulose as Diluent. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:32. [PMID: 38332361 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an interesting material for drug delivery applications due to its high purity. This study aimed to compare the properties of tablets prepared by the wet granulation method using bacterial cellulose prepared by different methods as a diluent, using acetaminophen as a model drug. BC used as diluents were prepared using two different methods: freeze-drying (BC-FD) and phase-inversion (BC-PI), and their characteristics were analyzed and compared with that of commercial microcrystalline cellulose PH 101 (Comprecel® M101). Acetaminophen tablets were prepared by wet granulation using BC-FD, BC-PI, or Comprecel® M101 as diluents, and their tablet properties were examined. The result showed that the morphology, polymorph, and crystallinity of BC-PI and Comprecel® M101 were similar but they were different compared with that of BC-FD. Tablets could be successfully formed using BC-PI and Comprecel® M101 as diluents without any physical defects but the tablet prepared using BC-FD as diluent appeared chipped edge. The characteristics (thickness, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration, drug content, and dissolution) of the tablets prepared using BC-PI diluent were also similar to those prepared using Comprecel® M101 diluent, but those of BC-FD diluent were inferior. This indicates that BC prepared in BC-PI can potentially be used as a diluent for tablets prepared by wet granulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirikanya Kaewpradit
- Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Chingunpitak
- Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wannaphorn Samhadthai
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | | | - Chutima Jantarat
- Drug and Cosmetics Excellence Center, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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3
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Khan KA, Ahmad A, Marini C, Nicotra M, Di Cerbo A, Fazal-Ur-Rehman, Ullah N, Khan GM. Formulation and Preparation of Losartan-Potassium-Loaded Controlled-Release Matrices Using Ethocel Grade 10 to Establish a Correlation between In Vitro and In Vivo Results. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:186. [PMID: 38399247 PMCID: PMC10893290 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, matrices of losartan potassium were formulated with two different polymers (Ethocel 10 premium and Ethocel 10FP premium), along with a filler and a lubricant, at different drug-to-polymer w/w ratios (10:3, 10:4, and 10:5). The matrices were tested by the direct compression method, and their hardness, diameter, thickness, friability, weight variation, content uniformity, and in vitro dissolution tests were assessed to determine 24-h drug release rates. The matrices with Ethocel 10 FP at a 10:4 ratio exhibited pseudo-zero-order kinetics (n-value of 0.986), while the dissolution data of the test matrices and reference tablets did not match. The new test-optimized matrices were also tested in rabbits, and their pharmacokinetic parameters were investigated: half-life (11.78 ± 0.018 h), Tmax (2.105 ± 1.131 h), Cmax (205.98 ± 0.321 μg/mL), AUCo (5931.10 ± 1.232 μg·h/mL), AUCo-inf (7348.46 ± 0.234 μg·h/mL), MRTo-48h (17.34 ± 0.184 h), and Cl (0.002 ± 0.134 mL/min). A correlation value of 0.985 between the in vitro and in vivo results observed for the test-optimized matrices was observed, indicating a level-A correlation between the percentage of the drug released in vitro and the percentage of the drug absorbed in vivo. The matrices might improve patient compliance with once-a-day dosing and therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Ahmad Khan
- Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan P.O. Box 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Gulberg Greens Campus, Islamabad P.O. Box 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Carlotta Marini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (C.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Mario Nicotra
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (C.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy; (C.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Fazal-Ur-Rehman
- Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan P.O. Box 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Naveed Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi P.O. Box 23430, Pakistan;
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Islamia College University, Peshawar P.O. Box 25120, Pakistan;
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4
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Chung S, Srinivasan P, Zhang P, Bandari S, Repka MA. Development of ibuprofen tablet with polyethylene oxide using fused deposition modeling 3D-printing coupled with hot-melt extrusion. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Zhang P, Xu P, Chung S, Bandari S, Repka MA. Fabrication of bilayer tablets using hot melt extrusion-based dual-nozzle fused deposition modeling 3D printing. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121972. [PMID: 35787460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to fabricate bilayer tablets using hot-melt extrusion (HME)-based dual-nozzle fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques. Acetaminophen (APAP) and caffeine citrate (CC) were used as the model drugs. Five bilayer tablets with different formulations were developed and two different structures were printed for each formulation. Three-point bending, Hooke's law, and resistance and stiffness tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of the filaments. A novel method, 3D printed tablet retention rate, was developed and used for the first time to compare the printing quality of different filaments. The 3D printed tablets were evaluated to derive the drug release rates using a USP-II dissolution apparatus. HPMC HME 15LV and HPMCAS-LG were identified as good printing materials; however, HPMC HME 100LV was not suitable for printing under frequent nozzle switching conditions. Although mechanical characterization tests can be used to determine whether filaments can be printed, they cannot specifically distinguish the quality of printing between the filaments. Overall, this study revealed the successful fabrication of bilayer tablets via HME paired with dual-nozzle FDM 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Pengchong Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Sooyeon Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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6
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Mwila C, Walker RB. Improved Stability of Rifampicin in the Presence of Gastric-Resistant Isoniazid Microspheres in Acidic Media. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030234. [PMID: 32151053 PMCID: PMC7150845 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The degradation of rifampicin (RIF) in an acidic medium to form 3-formyl rifamycin SV, a poorly absorbed compound, is accelerated in the presence of isoniazid, contributing to the poor bioavailability of rifampicin. This manuscript presents a novel approach in which isoniazid is formulated into gastric-resistant sustained-release microspheres and RIF into microporous floating sustained-release microspheres to reduce the potential for interaction between RIF and isoniazid (INH) in an acidic environment. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate and Eudragit® L100 polymers were used for the manufacture of isoniazid-loaded gastric-resistant sustained-release microspheres using an o/o solvent emulsification evaporation approach. Microporous floating sustained-release microspheres for the delivery of rifampicin in the stomach were manufactured using emulsification and a diffusion/evaporation process. The design of experiments was used to evaluate the impact of input variables on predefined responses or quality attributes of the microspheres. The percent degradation of rifampicin following 12 h dissolution testing in 0.1 M HCl pH 1.2 in the presence of isoniazid gastric-resistant sustained-release microspheres was only 4.44%. These results indicate that the degradation of rifampicin in the presence of isoniazid in acidic media can be reduced by encapsulation of both active pharmaceutical ingredients to ensure release in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract, potentially improving the bioavailability of rifampicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiluba Mwila
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
| | - Roderick B. Walker
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Arca HC, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Bi V, Xu D, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Pharmaceutical Applications of Cellulose Ethers and Cellulose Ether Esters. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2351-2376. [PMID: 29869877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose ethers have proven to be highly useful natural-based polymers, finding application in areas including food, personal care products, oil field chemicals, construction, paper, adhesives, and textiles. They have particular value in pharmaceutical applications due to characteristics including high glass transition temperatures, high chemical and photochemical stability, solubility, limited crystallinity, hydrogen bonding capability, and low toxicity. With regard to toxicity, cellulose ethers have essentially no ability to permeate through gastrointestinal enterocytes and many are already in formulations approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. We review pharmaceutical applications of these valuable polymers from a structure-property-function perspective, discussing each important commercial cellulose ether class; carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and ethyl cellulose, and cellulose ether esters including hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate and carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate. We also summarize their syntheses, basic material properties, and key pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura I Mosquera-Giraldo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Vivian Bi
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients , 500 Hercules Road , Wilmington , Delaware 19808 , United States
| | - Daiqiang Xu
- Ashland Specialty Ingredients , 500 Hercules Road , Wilmington , Delaware 19808 , United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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8
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Ahmed TA, Suhail MAA, Hosny KM, Abd-Allah FI. Clinical pharmacokinetic study for the effect of glimepiride matrix tablets developed by quality by design concept. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:66-81. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1371740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A. A. Suhail
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Fathy I. Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Khan KA, Khan GM, Zeeshan Danish M, Akhlaq, Khan H, Rehman F, Mehsud S. Formulation and in-vitro evaluation of directly compressed controlled release matrices of Losartan Potassium using Ethocel Grade 100 as rate retarding agent. Int J Pharm 2015; 496:759-65. [PMID: 26545310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Current study was aimed to develop 200mg controlled release matrix tablets of Losartan Potassium using Ethocel 100 Premium and Ethocel 100 FP Premium as rate controlling polymer. In-vitro studies were performed according to USP Method-I in phosphate buffer (PH 6.8) using pharma test dissolution apparatus. The temperature of the dissolution medium was kept constant at 37±0.5°C at 100rpm. Flow properties, physical quality control tests, effect of polymer size and drug-to-polymers ratios were studied using different kinetics models such as 1st-order, zero-order, Hixon Crowell model, Highuchi model and Power law. Difference factor f1 and similarity factor f2 were applied for dissolution profiles against Cardaktin® tablets used as a reference formulation. The matrices with polymer ethocel 100 FP Premiums have prolonged the drug release rate as compared to polymer ethocel 100 Premiums. The n values matrices with polymer ethocel grade 100 ranged from 0.603 to 0.857 indicating that the drug release occurred by anomalous non fickian diffusion kinetics while then value of reference Cardaktin® tablet was measured as 0.125 indicating that these tablets do not follow power law. The dissolution profiles of test formulations were different than that of reference Cardaktin®. This suggests the polymer Ethocel grade 100 can be proficiently incorporated in fabrication and development of once a day controlled release matrix tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Akhlaq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rehman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, DI Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saifullah Mehsud
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Havelian Campus, KPK Pakistan
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10
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Rosiaux Y, Girard JM, Desvignes F, Miolane C, Marchaud D. Optimizing a wet granulation process to obtain high-dose sustained-release tablets with Compritol 888 ATO. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 41:1738-44. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.1002410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Grund J, Koerber M, Walther M, Bodmeier R. The effect of polymer properties on direct compression and drug release from water-insoluble controlled release matrix tablets. Int J Pharm 2014; 469:94-101. [PMID: 24746409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate key polymer properties affecting direct compression and drug release from water-insoluble matrices. Commonly used polymers, such as Kollidon(®) SR, Eudragit(®) RS and ethyl cellulose, were characterized, formulated into tablets and compared with regard to their properties in dry and wet state. A similar site percolation threshold of 65% v/v was found for all polymers in dry state. Key parameters influencing polymer compactibility were the surface properties and the glass transition temperature (T(g)), affecting polymer elasticity and particle size-dependent binding. The important properties observed in dry state also governed matrix characteristics and therefore drug release in wet state. A low T(g) (Kollidon(®) SR<Eudragit(®) RS) decreased the percolation threshold, particle size effect and tortuosity, but increased permeability and sensitivity to heat/humidity treatment. Hence, lower permeability and higher stability are benefits of a high-T(g) polymer (ethyl cellulose). However, release retardation was observed in the same order as matrix integrity (Eudragit(®) RS<ethyl cellulose<Kollidon(®) SR), as the high permeability was counteracted by PVP in case of Kollidon(®) SR. Therefore, the Tg and composition of a polymer need to be considered in polymer design and formulation of controlled-release matrix systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Grund
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, Berlin 12169, Germany
| | - Martin Koerber
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, Berlin 12169, Germany.
| | - Mathias Walther
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, Berlin 12169, Germany
| | - Roland Bodmeier
- College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, Berlin 12169, Germany
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12
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Kim JY, Seo JW, Rhee YS, Park CW, Park ES. Freeze-Dried Highly Porous Matrix as a New Gastroretentive Dosage Form for Ecabet Sodium: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterizations. J Pharm Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Mallipeddi R, Saripella KK, Neau SH. Use of fine particle ethylcellulose as the diluent in the production of pellets by extrusion-spheronization. Saudi Pharm J 2013; 22:360-72. [PMID: 25161381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of small ethylcellulose particle size on the manufacture and properties of pellets produced by extrusion-spheronization was investigated. A factorial design revealed the effects of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), polyethylene oxide (PEO), water, and spheronization speed and time on pellet properties. Response surface modeling allowed optimization of the responses with expansion to a central composite design. Pellet yield, size, shape, friability and drug release profile were studied, along with surface and interior morphology. Pellets were spherical irrespective of the formulation and process variables and exhibited physical and mechanical characteristics appropriate for further processing. Yield in the 12/20 mesh cut was lower with FPEC than observed with coarse particle ethylcellulose (CPEC), but FPEC-containing pellets were more rugged and the PEO to obtain optimal pellets was lower for FPEC compared to CPEC. Immediate release products were obtained and ethylcellulose particle size was of no consequence to drug release. Observed responses for the optimized product agreed with predicted values, demonstrating the success of the optimization procedure. These results suggest that FPEC is a good diluent for extrusion-spheronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Mallipeddi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 S. 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kalyan K Saripella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 S. 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven H Neau
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, 600 S. 43rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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14
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Chandran S, Asghar LFA, Mantha N. Design and Evaluation of Ethyl Cellulose Based Matrix Tablets of Ibuprofen with pH Modulated Release Kinetics. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:596-602. [PMID: 21394255 PMCID: PMC3038283 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.45397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled release preparations have been reported to reduce the gastro irritant and ulcerogenic effects of non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop matrix tablet-based controlled release formulations of ibuprofen, using ethyl cellulose as the rate-controlling polymer. In order to prevent initial release of the drug in the acidic environment of the stomach, cellulose acetate phthalate was incorporated in the matrix in varying amounts. It was found that with increasing the proportion of ethyl cellulose in the matrix, the drug release was extended for 14-16 h. Incorporation of cellulose acetate phthalate in ethyl cellulose matrix provided very low initial release of the drug in the first 2-3 h followed by enhanced release rate in alkaline medium owing to the high solubility of cellulose acetate phthalate at basic pH which led to creation of a porous matrix. It was concluded that combination of cellulose acetate phthalate with ethyl cellulose in the matrix base can be an effective means of developing a controlled release formulation of ibuprofen with very low initial release followed with controlled release up to 14-16 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chandran
- Formulation Development and Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-333 031, India
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15
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Keny RV, Mankame SA, Lourenco CF. Formulation and evaluation of once daily minocycline hydrochloride extended release matrix tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:295-302. [PMID: 20490297 PMCID: PMC2865789 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.56034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed to develop once daily extended release matrix tablets of minocycline hydrochloride, using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose either alone or in combination with ethyl cellulose as the matrix material in different proportions. The formulated tablets were also compared with a marketed product. The results of the dissolution study indicate that formulations FC-IV, FC-V and FC-VI showed maximum drug release upto 24 h, whereas the marketed product was found to extend the release only up to 14 h. Incase of formulations containing combination of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and ethyl cellulose (FC-I to FC-IX), the release of the drug was found to be dependent on the relative proportions of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and ethyl cellulose used in the tablet matrix. Mathematical treatment of the in vitro drug release data suggests that, all the formulations best fitted into first order release kinetics. Drug release from the matrix occurred by combination of two mechanisms, diffusion of drug from tablet matrix and erosion of tablet surface, which was reflected from Higuchi's model and Erosion plot.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Keny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa-403 001, India
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16
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Badshah A, Subhan F, Shah NH, Bukhari NI, Saeed M, Shah KU. Once daily controlled release matrix tablet of Prochlorperazine maleate: Influence of Ethocel®and/or Methocel®onin vitrodrug release and bioavailability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:190-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.595416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Zhang L, Chai G, Zeng X, He H, Xu H, Tang X. Preparation of fenofibrate immediate-release tablets involving wet grinding for improved bioavailability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1054-63. [DOI: 10.3109/03639041003642081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Guihong Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xueping Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR China
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18
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AlKhatib HS, Hamed S, Mohammad MK, Bustanji Y, AlKhalidi B, Aiedeh KM, Najjar S. Effects of thermal curing conditions on drug release from polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl pyrrolidone matrices. AAPS PharmSciTech 2010; 11:253-66. [PMID: 20174981 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9378-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dry and humid heat curing on the physical and drug release properties of polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl pyrrolidone matrices. Both conditions resulted in increased tablet hardness; tablets stored under humid conditions showed high plasticity and deformed during hardness testing. Release from the matrices was dependent on the filler's type and level. Release profiles showed significant changes, as a result of exposure to thermal stress, none of the fillers used stabilized matrices against these changes. Density of neat polymeric compacts increased upon exposure to heat; the effect of humid heat was more evident than dry heat. Thermograms of samples cured under dry heat did not show changes, while those of samples stored under high humidity showed significant enlargement of the dehydration endotherm masking the glass transition of polyvinyl acetate. The change of the physical and release properties of matrices could be explained by the hygroscopic nature of polyvinyl pyrrolidone causing water uptake; absorbed water then acts as a plasticizer of polyvinyl acetate promoting plastic flow, deformation, and coalescence of particles, and altering the matrices internal structure. Results suggest that humid heat is more effective as a curing environment than dry heat for polyvinyl acetate-polyvinyl pyrrolidone matrices.
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19
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Ali Asghar LF, Azeemuddin M, Jain V, Chandran S. Design and in vitro evaluation of formulations with pH and transit time controlled sigmoidal release profile for colon-specific delivery. Drug Deliv 2009; 16:295-303. [DOI: 10.1080/10717540902989936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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20
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Asghar LFA, Azeemuddin M, Jain V, Chandran S. Design and in vitro evaluation of formulations with pH and transit time controlled sigmoidal release profile for colon-specific delivery. Drug Deliv 2009; 16:205-13. [DOI: 10.1080/10717540902823960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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21
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Cantor SL, Hoag SW, Augsburger LL. Formulation and Characterization of a Compacted Multiparticulate System for Modified Release of Water-Soluble Drugs – Part 1 Acetaminophen. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2009; 35:337-51. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040802360502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Knezevic Z, Gosak D, Hraste M, Rausl D, Khan MZI. Application of Hot-Melt Coating Process for Designing a Lipid Based Controlled Release Drug Delivery System for Highly Aqueous Soluble Drugs. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:464-71. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdravka Knezevic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb
| | | | - Marin Hraste
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb
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