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Zárate-Ortiz AG, Melse-Boonstra A, Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Hernández-Cordero S, Feskens EJM. Dietary Patterns and the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Mexican Adolescents: Results from ENSANUT-2006. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2753. [PMID: 31766194 PMCID: PMC6893405 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico is facing the double burden of malnutrition, and adolescents are not an exception. Diet plays an important role, both in causing overweight and undernutrition. This study aimed to describe the dietary patterns (DPs) of Mexican adolescents and to examine its association with nutritional status using data from adolescents aged 12-19 years (n = 7380) from the National Survey of Health and Nutrition (ENSANUT-2006). Principal component analysis was used to derivate the DPs. Associations between DP and nutritional status were determined by prevalence ratio (PR). Four DPs were identified: nontraditional and breakfast-type, Western, plant-based, and protein-rich. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in adolescents who scored high on the Western pattern (PR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.21) or on the plant-based pattern (PR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17). The Western pattern was positively associated with anemia in girls (PR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03-1.35), while the nontraditional and breakfast-type pattern was inversely associated with anemia in adolescents aged 12-15 years (PR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99) and in girls (PR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97). The Western and plant-based patterns were simultaneously associated with overweight-obesity and at least one indicator of undernutrition. In the context of the double burden of malnutrition, dietary advice must consider malnutrition in all its forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arli Guadalupe Zárate-Ortiz
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708WE, The Netherlands; (A.G.Z.-O.)
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708WE, The Netherlands; (A.G.Z.-O.)
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Research Center of Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | | | - Edith J. M. Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708WE, The Netherlands; (A.G.Z.-O.)
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3
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Wan Mohamed Radzi CWJ, Salarzadeh Jenatabadi H, Alanzi ARA, Mokhtar MI, Mamat MZ, Abdullah NA. Analysis of Obesity among Malaysian University Students: A Combination Study with the Application of Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling and Pearson Correlation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030492. [PMID: 30744209 PMCID: PMC6388275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In obesity modelling studies, researchers have been seeking to identify the effective indicators of obesity by using appropriate statistical or mathematical techniques. The main objective of the present study is addressed in three stages. First, a new framework for modelling obesity in university students is introduced. The second stage involves data analysis based on Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling (BSEM) for estimating the Body Mass Index (BMI) (representative of the obesity level) of students at three university levels: Bachelor, Master and PhD. In the third stage, the highest significant correlation is determined between the BMI and other variables in the research model that were found significant through the second phase. The data for this study were collected from students at selected Malaysian universities. The results indicate that unhealthy food intake (fast food and soft drinks), social media use and stress exhibit the highest weightage contributing to overweight and obesity issues for Malaysian university students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Ayed R A Alanzi
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Human Studies at Hotat Sudair, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohd Istajib Mokhtar
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Zufri Mamat
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Aishah Abdullah
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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4
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Zavala GA, Rosado JL, Doak CM, Caamaño MDC, Campos-Ponce M, Ronquillo D, Polman K, García OP. Energy and food intake are associated with specific intestinal parasitic infections in children of rural Mexico. Parasitol Int 2017; 66:831-836. [PMID: 28743469 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Zavala
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jorge L Rosado
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Colleen M Doak
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Del Carmen Caamaño
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dolores Ronquillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Katja Polman
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Olga P García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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5
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Meng G, Zhang B, Yu F, Li C, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Xia Y, Bao X, Shi H, Su Q, Gu Y, Fang L, Yang H, Yu B, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Jiao H, Wang B, Guo Q, Carvalhoa LA, Sun Z, Song K, Yu M, Niu K. Soft drinks consumption is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease independent of metabolic syndrome in Chinese population. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:2113-2121. [PMID: 28702720 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Excessive consumption of soft drinks is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the association between soft drinks consumption and NAFLD is unclear in non-Caucasian adults with relatively low soft drinks consumption. The aim of this study was to assess the association between soft drinks consumption and NAFLD in Chinese adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 26,790 adults living in Tianjin, China. NAFLD (with elevated alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) was diagnosed by the liver ultrasonography and serum ALT concentrations. Soft drinks consumption was assessed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and it was summarized as three categories for analysis: almost never (reference), <1 cup/week, and ≥1 cups/week. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the criteria of the American Heart Association scientific statements of 2009. The association between soft drinks consumption and NAFLD was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFLD and NAFLD with elevated ALT was 27.1 and 6.5%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding variables (including MetS), the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for NAFLD or NAFLD with elevated ALT across soft drinks consumption were 1.00 (reference) for almost never, 1.14 (1.02-1.27) or 1.16 (0.98-1.37) for <1 cup/week, and 1.26 (1.14-1.40) or 1.32 (1.13-1.53) for ≥1 cups/week (both P for trend <0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate that soft drinks consumption is associated with NAFLD independent of MetS in Chinese adults with relatively low soft drinks consumption. These results suggest that reducing soft drinks consumption might be beneficial to the prevention of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xue Bao
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Liyun Fang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huanli Jiao
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Livia A Carvalhoa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zhong Sun
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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6
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Caamaño MC, Ronquillo D, Kimoto R, García OP, Long KZ, Rosado JL. Beliefs and motives related to eating and body size: a comparison of high-BMI and normal-weight young adult women from rural and urban areas in Mexico. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1014. [PMID: 27669892 PMCID: PMC5037596 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective treatment and prevention of obesity and its co-morbidities requires the recognition and understanding of cultural and social aspects of eating practices. The objective of the present study was to identify social factors and beliefs that may explain undesirable eating practices among women with high body mass index (HBMI) compared with normal-weight (NW) women from rural and urban areas classified as middle-low socioeconomic status (SES) in the State of Querétaro, Mexico. Methods A qualitative technique with individual in-depth interviews was used. Fifty-five women with either NW or HBMI from rural and urban areas participated in the study. The responses were analyzed by coding and grouping text fragments into categories in a data matrix, in order to make comparisons between BMI groups and between rural and urban women. Results The habit of skipping breakfast prevailed among women with HBMI who also reported childhood food deprivation. Feelings related to eating seemed to be more important than losing weight among women with HBMI from urban and rural areas. Thus, overweight might be interpreted as a social symbol of the enjoyment of a good life, primarily in rural areas. Overweight was socially accepted when it occurred in children and in married woman, mainly because it is a symbol of the good life that the head of the household provides, and also because women may feel more relaxed about their weight when they already have a partner. The study also revealed that women with HBMI were not sufficiently motivated to lose weight unless they experience a physical indication of poor health. Conclusion The findings from this study are helpful in the understanding of the reasons why strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity may not be as effective as expected. The belief system of particular social groups within different SESs should be considered in order to understand the etiology of obesity and develop effective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C Caamaño
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico. .,, Av Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Qro., 76230, Mexico.
| | - Dolores Ronquillo
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Riko Kimoto
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Olga P García
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Kurt Z Long
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jorge L Rosado
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
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7
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Hess JM, Jonnalagadda SS, Slavin JL. What Is a Snack, Why Do We Snack, and How Can We Choose Better Snacks? A Review of the Definitions of Snacking, Motivations to Snack, Contributions to Dietary Intake, and Recommendations for Improvement. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:466-75. [PMID: 27184274 PMCID: PMC4863261 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Around the world, adults consume energy outside of traditional meals such as breakfast, lunch, and dinner. However, because there is no consistent definition of a "snack," it is unclear whether those extra eating occasions represent additional meals or snacks. The manner in which an eating occasion is labeled (e.g., as a meal or a snack) may influence other food choices an individual makes on the same day and satiety after consumption. Therefore, a clear distinction between "meals" and "snacks" is important. This review aims to assess the definition of extra eating occasions, to understand why eating is initiated at these occasions, and to determine what food choices are common at these eating occasions in order to identify areas for dietary intervention and improvement. Part I of this review discusses how snacking is defined and the social, environmental, and individual influences on the desire to snack and choice of snack. The section concludes with a brief discussion of the associations of snacking with cardiometabolic health markers, especially lipid profiles and weight. Part II addresses popular snack choices, overall snacking frequencies, and the demographic characteristics of frequent snackers in several different countries. This review concludes with a recommendation for nutrition policymakers to encourage specific health-promoting snacks that address nutrient insufficiencies and excesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Hess
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and
| | | | - Joanne L Slavin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN; and
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