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Cossa-Moiane I, Roucher C, Campos-Ponce M, Doak C, Bauhofer A, Chissaque A, Prista A, de Deus N, Polman K. Profile of Children with Undernutrition Admitted in Two Secondary-Level Hospitals in Maputo City, Mozambique. Nutrients 2024; 16:1056. [PMID: 38613090 PMCID: PMC11013278 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mozambique has one of the highest child undernutrition rates in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to characterize the profile of children from 1 to 14 years old hospitalized for undernutrition and to explore associated risk factors. Clinical, demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental data were collected. Anthropometric measurements and stool samples were collected from a child and their caretaker. The wealth index was determined using Principal Components Analysis. A total of 449 children and their caretakers were enrolled. The children had a median age of 1.0 year [IQR: 1.0-2.0], and 53.9% (242/449) were male. Most were admitted with severe undernutrition (35.7%, 159/449 kwashiorkor and 82.0%, 368/449 with -3SD Z-score indexes). The most common co-morbidities were HIV (30.0%, 120/400), diarrhea (20.0%; 80/400), and anemia (12.5%; 50/400). Among the caretakers, 9.5% (39/409) were underweight, 10.1% (40/397) were overweight, and 14.1% (56/397) were obese. Intestinal parasites were found in 24.8% (90/363) children and in 38.5% (77/200) caretakers. The majority of children (60.7%, 85/140) came from low- to middle-wealth households. Most were severely undernourished, suggesting that they seek medical care too late. The finding of overweight/obese caretakers in combination with undernourished children confirms that Mozambique is facing a double burden of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalécia Cossa-Moiane
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), EN1, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique; (A.B.); (A.C.); (N.d.D.)
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Global Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Clémentine Roucher
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Department of Health Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Colleen Doak
- Center for Health Sciences Education, College of Health Sciences, St. Ambrose University, 1320 W. Lombard Street, Davenport, IA 52803, USA;
| | - Adilson Bauhofer
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), EN1, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique; (A.B.); (A.C.); (N.d.D.)
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Assucênio Chissaque
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), EN1, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique; (A.B.); (A.C.); (N.d.D.)
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Prista
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Universidade Pedagógica, Maputo 1100, Mozambique;
| | - Nilsa de Deus
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), EN1, Marracuene 3943, Mozambique; (A.B.); (A.C.); (N.d.D.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 1100, Mozambique
| | - Katja Polman
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Department of Health Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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Cossa-Moiane I, Roucher C, Mac Quene T, Campos-Ponce M, de Deus N, Polman K, Doak C. Association between Intestinal Parasite Infections and Proxies for Body Composition: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112229. [PMID: 35684029 PMCID: PMC9182792 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been recognized that intestinal parasite infections and undernutrition are closely linked. However, little is known about the role of intestinal parasite infections (IPIs), or parasite clearance, in these processes. The aim of this scoping review was to summarize published evidence on the association between IPIs and body composition. PRISMA guidelines, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were searched up until June 2021. Studies reporting on IPIs in relation to (proxies for) body composition were eligible. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Twenty-four studies were included, two Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) and 22 observational. Most observational studies showed IPIs to be associated with lower Body Mass Index (BMI) or being underweight as proxies for body composition. One RCT showed no effect of antiparasitic treatment on body composition, while the other one showed a significant post-treatment increase in body fat, as measured by BMI z-scores and skinfolds. This review lends support to distinct associations between IPIs and body composition. More longitudinal studies are needed using direct measures of body composition to investigate whether weight gained after antiparasitic treatment concerns an increase in body fat or healthy weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalécia Cossa-Moiane
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo 264, Mozambique;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +258-843273270
| | - Clémentine Roucher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
| | - Tamlyn Mac Quene
- Centre for Global Surgery, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa;
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Nilsa de Deus
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS), Maputo 264, Mozambique;
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 3453, Mozambique
| | - Katja Polman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (C.R.); (K.P.)
- Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Colleen Doak
- Center for Health Sciences Education, College of Health Sciences, St. Ambrose University, Davenport, IA 52803, USA;
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Zavala GA, Tenorio-Palos Y, Campos-Ponce M, Elton-Puente JE, López-González CA, Doak CM, Rosado JL, García OP. Proximity and High Density of Convenience Stores Was Associated With Obesity in Children of a Rural Community of Mexico: Using a Geographic Information System Approach. Food Nutr Bull 2021; 42:490-501. [PMID: 34427148 DOI: 10.1177/03795721211033146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food environment (FE) has been linked to obesity in urban areas, but there is limited information in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, where prevalence of obesity is high. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between FE and childhood obesity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). METHODS A total of 218 (8-10 years) children participated in a cross-sectional study. Weight, height, and body fat were measured. Geolocation of convenience stores (CS) and participants' households was collected, and the amount of processed food (PF) in the stores was measured. The proximity to the nearest CS and the number of CS within a 250-m buffer from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Linear regression models between obesity measurements and FE were performed. RESULTS The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32%. A total of 91% of the children had access to a CS within 250 m. On average, 48% of the shelf-space of the CS were occupied with PF. A positive association between the density of CS with body fat % (β = .145; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .004), abdominal fat % (β = .206; 95% CI, 0.048-0.241, P = .003), and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-score (BMIz; β = .028; 95% CI, 0.005-0.062, P = .005) was found. Living closer to CS was associated with increases in body fat % (β = -0.009; 95% CI, -0.017 to -0.001, P = 0.025), abdominal fat % (β = -0.012; 95% CI, -0.023 to -0.001, P = 0.033), and BMIz (β = -0.002, 95% CI, -0.004 to -0.001, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION In a rural community in Mexico, a high density and low proximity to CS is associated with obesity in school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Antonio Zavala
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.,Faculty of Health Sciences, 8748University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Yessica Tenorio-Palos
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Health Sciences, 8748University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Juana Elizabeth Elton-Puente
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alberto López-González
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge L Rosado
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Olga P García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, School of Natural Sciences, 27772Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
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Zavala GA, van Dulm E, Doak CM, García OP, Polman K, Campos-Ponce M. Ascariasis, Amebiasis and Giardiasis in Mexican children: distribution and geographical, environmental and socioeconomic risk factors. J Parasit Dis 2020; 44:829-836. [PMID: 33177788 PMCID: PMC7596144 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the geographical distribution of Ascariasis, Amebiasis and Giardiasis, and to identify specific geographical, socioeconomic and environmental factors that are associated with the incidence of these infections in Mexican children. We made use of publicly available data that was reported by federal organizations in Mexico for the year 2010. The contribution of geographical, socioeconomic and environmental factors to the incidence of infections was assessed by a multivariable regression model using a backwards selection procedure. A. lumbricoides incidence was associated with mean minimum temperature of the state, the state-wide rate of households without access to piped water and toilet, explaining 77% of the incidence of A. lumbricoides infections. Mean minimum precipitation in the state, the rate of households without access to a toilet, piped water and sewage system best explained (73%) the incidence of E. histolytica infections. G. lamblia infections were only explained by the latitude of the state (11%). In addition to the well-known socioeconomic factors contributing to the incidence of A. lumbricoides and E. histolytica we found that temperature and precipitation were associated with higher risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Zavala
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Eline van Dulm
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colleen M Doak
- Department of Public Health, Saint Ambrose University, Davenport, IA USA
| | - Olga P García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Katja Polman
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Agbota G, Polman K, Wieringa FT, Campos-Ponce M, Accrombessi M, Yovo E, Roucher C, Ezinmègnon S, Marcos JY, Vachot L, Tissières P, Massougbodji A, Fievet N, Cot M, Briand V. Maternal malaria but not schistosomiasis is associated with a higher risk of febrile infection in infant during the first 3 months of life: A mother-child cohort in Benin. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222864. [PMID: 31536589 PMCID: PMC6752763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria and schistosomiasis represent two of the most prevalent and disabling parasitic infections in developing countries. Few studies have evaluated the effect of maternal schistosomiasis and malaria in the peri-conceptional period on infant’s risk of infection. Methods In Benin, women were followed from the preconception period until delivery. Subsequently, their children were followed from birth to 3 months of age. Pre-pregnancy malaria, malaria in pregnancy (MiP)—determined monthly using a thick blood smear—and urinary schistosomiasis—determined once before pregnancy and once at delivery using urine filtration—were the main maternal exposures. Infant’s febrile infection (fever with respiratory, gastrointestinal and/or cutaneous clinical signs anytime during follow-up) was the main outcome. In a secondary analysis, we checked the relation of malaria and schistosomiasis with infant’s hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Both effects were separately assessed using logistic/mixed linear regression models. Results The prevalence of MiP was 35.7% with 10.8% occurring during the 1st trimester, and the prevalence of schistosomiasis was 21.8%. From birth to 3 months, 25.3% of infants had at least one episode of febrile infection. In multivariate analysis, MiP, particularly malaria in the 1st trimester, was significantly associated with a higher risk of infant’s febrile infection (aOR = 4.99 [1.1; 22.6], p = 0.03). In secondary results, pre-pregnancy malaria and schistosomiasis were significantly associated with a lower infant’s Hb concentration during the first 3 months. Conclusion We evidenced the deleterious effect of maternal parasitic infections on infant’s health. Our results argue in favor of the implementation of preventive strategies as early as in the peri-conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Agbota
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Bénin
- * E-mail:
| | - Katja Polman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Section Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank T. Wieringa
- Nutripass, UMR204, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD/UM/SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Section Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Emmanuel Yovo
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Clémentine Roucher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sem Ezinmègnon
- Medical Diagnostic Discovery Department (MD3), bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- UMR 9198, Institut de biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurence Vachot
- Medical Diagnostic Discovery Department (MD3), bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France
| | - Pierre Tissières
- UMR 9198, Institut de biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Achille Massougbodji
- Centre d’Etude et de Recherche sur le Paludisme Associé à la Grossesse et à l’Enfance (CERPAGE), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Nadine Fievet
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Michel Cot
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Briand
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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García O, Tenorio Y, Ronquillo D, Campos-Ponce M, Elton-Puente E, Rosado J, Doak C, Zavala G. Use of GIS to Measure Food Environment and Its Relationship with Obesity in School-aged Children in Mexico (P04-142-19). Curr Dev Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz051.p04-142-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To determine the association between food environment and obesity in school-aged children using Geographic Information Database (GIS).
Methods
A total of 218 school-age children (8.4 ± 1.5 y) from a low-income setting in Mexico participated in this cross-sectional study. Weight and height were measured in all children to calculate BMI- for-age z-score (BMIz). Body composition (total body fat and abdominal fat) was measured using DXA. Geolocation of both convenience stores (CS) and participants’ households was collected and introduced into a GIS database. The shelf-space of processed foods and unprocessed foods available at each CS was measured. The distance to the closest CS, the number of CS, and the shelf-space of processed foods of CS within a 250 m radius from each participant's household was calculated using GIS. Multivariable model assessing the association between obesity and food environment were performed controlling for confounders, using SPSS v23.0.
Results
More than half of the children (55%) were girls, and 52% of the children had elevated body fat % (>30% for girls and >25% for boys). A total of 58 food venues were found in this community; from these venues, 40 were CS. 91% of the children had access to a CS within a 250 m radius. In average, 48% of the shelf-meters of the CS were of processed food. A positive association between BMIz (β = 0.028; IC 95%: 0.005,0.047; P < 0.05), total body fat % (β = 0.145, IC 95%: 0.048, 0.241; P < 0.05) and abdominal fat % (β = 0.206, IC 95%: 0.069,0.343; P < 0.05) was found with the distance to the nearest CS within the 250 radius. However, a negative association was found between BMIz (β = −0.002; IC 95%: −0.004, −0.001; P < 0.05), total body fat % (β = −0.009, IC 95%: −0.017, −0.001; P < 0.05) and abdominal fat % (β = −0.012, IC 95%: −0.023, −0.001; P < 0.05) with the proximity of CS. Finally, BMIz was positively associated with the meters of processed foods in the CS within 250 m radius (β = 0.002; IC 95%: 0.001,0.003; P < 0.05).
Conclusions
A high density and proximity of convenience stores with a high availability of processed food were associated with obesity in children of this community. GIS methods may provide a new approach to assess food environment and its association with obesity risk factors in different settings and populations.
Funding Sources
CONACYT.
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de Gier B, Pita-Rodríguez GM, Campos-Ponce M, van de Bor M, Chamnan C, Junco-Díaz R, Doak CM, Fiorentino M, Kuong K, Angel-Núñez F, Parker ME, Perignon M, Rojas-Rivero L, Berger J, Polman K, Wieringa FT. Soil-transmitted helminth infections and intestinal and systemic inflammation in schoolchildren. Acta Trop 2018; 182:124-127. [PMID: 29486173 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Zavala GA, Kolovos S, Chiarotto A, Bosmans JE, Campos-Ponce M, Rosado JL, Garcia OP. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms in Mexican population. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:639-646. [PMID: 29675748 PMCID: PMC5959989 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1517-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and depression are among the leading causes of disability in Mexico, but their association has not been explored yet. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between obesity and depression in Mexican population. METHODS We used data from the health and nutrition survey (ENSANUT 2012), which is representative of the Mexican population. Obesity was determined using the body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity by measuring waist circumference. Depressive symptoms were reported using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Short-Form (CES-D-SF, scale 0-21). Regression analyses were performed between obesity and depression, adjusting for gender, age, living with a partner, education, and diabetes history. RESULTS Obese women had 1.28 (95% CI 1.07-1.53) times the odds of having depression in comparison with normal-weight women, whereas no association was found for men (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.74-1.19). A significant association between BMI and depressive symptoms score (β = 0.05, 95% CI 0.02-0.07) was present in women, but no association was found for men (β = - 0.02, 95% CI - 0.05 to 0.00). There was a statistically significant association between waist circumference and depression scores again for women (β = 0.03, 95% CI 0.01-0.04) but not for men (β = 0.00, 95% CI - 0.01 to 0.01). No associations were found between abdominal obesity and depression for both genders. No association was found between different obesity severity levels and depression for both genders. CONCLUSION Obesity was associated with depression in Mexican women, whereas no association was found between obesity and depression in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Zavala
- Faculty of Science, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1091, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Spyros Kolovos
- Faculty of Science, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1091, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Chiarotto
- Faculty of Science, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1091, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith E Bosmans
- Faculty of Science, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1091, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Science, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1091, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge L Rosado
- School of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Avenida de las Ciencias s/n, 76230, Querétaro, México
| | - Olga P Garcia
- School of Natural Sciences, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Avenida de las Ciencias s/n, 76230, Querétaro, México
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9
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Zavala GA, Rosado JL, Doak CM, Caamaño MDC, Campos-Ponce M, Ronquillo D, Polman K, García OP. Energy and food intake are associated with specific intestinal parasitic infections in children of rural Mexico. Parasitol Int 2017; 66:831-836. [PMID: 28743469 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Zavala
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jorge L Rosado
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Colleen M Doak
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Del Carmen Caamaño
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dolores Ronquillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Katja Polman
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Olga P García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de la Ciencia S/N, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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Abstract
CONTEXT Despite an improvement in food security and the delivery of nutritional supplements to children living in impoverished parts of the world, poor growth is still highly prevalent. Given that the microbiome is related to both nutrient absorption, as well as overweight/obesity, it may play a central role in limiting or modifying normal growth processes while contributing to chronic disease risks. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to describe normal growth processes, the role of the microbiome in supporting or disrupting normal growth processes, and its potential impact on long-term health. METHODS A literature search of relevant human and laboratory research on growth, microbiome and the relationship between poor growth and chronic diseases was conducted. This review focuses on potential mechanisms that implicate the microbiome as a mediator of poor growth and later metabolic outcomes. In this relationship, attention was given to the potential for gastrointestinal infections to disrupt the microbiome. RESULTS Based on the studies reviewed, it is clear that exposure to infections disturbs both intestinal functioning as well as normal growth and changes in the microbiome may influence micronutrient availability and metabolic processes. CONCLUSIONS The microbiome may play a significant role in limiting human growth, but little is known about changes in the microbiome during periods of undernutrition. Thus, it is of great scientific and public health importance to improve the understanding of how the microbiome changes during nutrient deprivation. To best address the issue of the double burden and poor growth in low-income countries, research is warranted to advance the knowledge of the long-term role of the microbiome in the health of children exposed to undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoffman
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences and the New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health , Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Maiza Campos-Ponce
- b Department of Health Sciences , VU University , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Carla R Taddei
- c Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil.,d School of Arts, Science and Humanities , University of São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brazil
| | - Colleen M Doak
- b Department of Health Sciences , VU University , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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Zavala GA, García OP, Campos-Ponce M, Ronquillo D, Caamaño MC, Doak CM, Rosado JL. Children with moderate-high infection with Entamoeba coli have higher percentage of body and abdominal fat than non-infected children. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:443-449. [PMID: 26663860 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal parasites, virus and bacterial infections are positively associated with obesity and adiposity in vitro and in animal models, but conclusive evidence of this relationship in humans is lacking. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine differences in adiposity between infected and non-infected children, with a high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and obesity. SUBJECTS A total of 296 school-aged children (8.0 ± 1.5 years) from a rural area in Querétaro, Mexico, participated in this study. Anthropometry (weight, height and waist circumference) and body fat (DXA) were measured in all children. A fresh stool sample was collected from each child and analysed for parasites. Questionnaires related to socioeconomic status and clinical history were completed by caretakers. RESULTS Approximately 11% of the children were obese, and 19% were overweight. The overall prevalence of infection was 61%. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent soil transmitted helminth (16%) followed by hookworm. Entamoeba coli was the predominant protozoa (20%) followed by Endolimax nana, Balantidium coli, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Iodamoeba bütschlii and Giardia lamblia. Children with moderate-heavy infection of E. coli had significantly higher waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, body and abdominal fat than children not infected or with light-intensity infection (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings raise the possibility that a moderate or heavy infection with E. coli may contribute to fat deposition and thereby have long-term consequences on human health. Further studies are needed to better understand if E. coli contributes directly to fat deposition and possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Zavala
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico.,Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - O P García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - M Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Ronquillo
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - M C Caamaño
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
| | - C M Doak
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J L Rosado
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico.,Cindetec, AC, Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico
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Boufana B, Qiu J, Chen X, Budke CM, Campos-Ponce M, Craig PS. First report of Echinococcus shiquicus in dogs from eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau region, China. Acta Trop 2013; 127:21-4. [PMID: 23507509 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Echinococcus shiquicus was discovered in foxes and pika wildlife hosts in Sichuan Province, China in 2005. Faecal samples from dogs collected in a previous echinococcosis purgation survey from Shiqu County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Sichuan) were screened by coproPCR to investigate the possible occurrence of E. shiquicus. In addition, coproDNA extracted from 8 necropsied Tibetan foxes (Vulpes ferrilata), the natural host of E. shiquicus, were also included. Thirty (6/20) percent of faecal samples from dogs were positive for E. shiquicus DNA after PCR amplification of a fragment within the ND1 mitochondrial gene. Echinococcus shiquicus was confirmed by sequencing in four dogs and 3 of the 6 dogs were concurrently infected with E. multilocularis. These were also verified by sequencing. Faecal samples from two Tibetan foxes were shown by PCR to harbour both E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus DNA. One of these dual E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus infections in a Tibetan fox was confirmed by sequencing.
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Wang Q, Raoul F, Budke C, Craig PS, Xiao YF, Vuitton DA, Campos-Ponce M, Qiu DC, Pleydell D, Giraudoux P. Grass height and transmission ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities, China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2010; 123:61-67. [PMID: 20137577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar echinococcosis is a major zoonosis of public health significance in western China. Overgrazing was recently assumed as a potential risk factor for transmission of alveolar echinococcosis. The research was designed to further test the overgrazing hypothesis by investigating how overgrazing influenced the burrow density of intermediate host small mammals and how the burrow density of small mammals was associated with dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection. METHODS The study sites were chosen by previous studies which found areas where the alveolar echinococcosis was prevalent. The data, including grass height, burrow density of intermediate host small mammals, dog and fox fecal samples as well as Global Positioning System (GPS) position, were collected from field investigations in Shiqu County, Sichuan Province, China. The fecal samples were analyzed using copro-PCR. The worms, teeth, bones and hairs in the fecal samples were visually examined. Single factor and multifactor analyses tools including chi square and generalized linear models were applied to these data. RESULTS By using grass height as a proxy of grazing pressure in the homogenous pasture, this study found that taller grass in the pasture led to lower small mammals' burrow density (chi(2) = 4.670, P = 0.031, coefficient = -1.570). The Echinococcus multilocularis worm burden in dogs was statistically significantly related to the maximum density of the intermediate host Ochotona spp. (chi(2) = 5.250, P = 0.022, coefficient = 0.028). The prevalence in owned dogs was positively correlated to the number of stray dogs seen within a 200 meter radius (Wald chi(2) = 8.375, P = 0.004, odds ratio = 1.198). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that overgrazing promotes transmission of alveolar echinococcosis and confirm the role of stray dogs in the transmission of alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Boufana BS, Campos-Ponce M, Naidich A, Buishi I, Lahmar S, Zeyhle E, Jenkins DJ, Combes B, Wen H, Xiao N, Nakao M, Ito A, Qiu J, Craig PS. Evaluation of three PCR assays for the identification of the sheep strain (genotype 1) of Echinococcus granulosus in canid feces and parasite tissues. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 78:777-783. [PMID: 18458313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of 3 PCR assays for the identification of the G1 sheep genotype of Echinococcus granulosus was evaluated using tissue and canid fecal samples. The "Dinkel" and "Stefanić" primers were the most sensitive in detecting E. granulosus DNA in feces of necropsied dogs (73.7% and 100%, respectively). The "Abbasi" primers detected 52.6% of E. granulosus infected dogs but were the most species-specific, cross-reacting only with Echinococcus shiquicus (tissue 90.9%; feces 75%). The Stefanić primers were the least specific (tissue, 27.3%; feces, 25%) for E. granulosus. The Dinkel primers also showed inter-species cross-reactivity (tissue, 63.6%; feces, 100%) but were found to be strain-specific for the E. granulosus G1 sheep genotype. Improvement of PCR tests for Echinococcus species and subspecific variants should rely on the use of less-conserved genes and development of protocols that improve the quality and quantity of DNA extracted from feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgees S Boufana
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Salford, United Kingdom.
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15
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Boufana BS, Xiao N, Naidich A, Campos-Ponce M, Jenkins DJ, Craig PS, Qiu J, Zeyhle E, Lahmar S, Buishi I, Ito A, Wen H, Nakao M, Combes B. Evaluation of Three PCR Assays for the Identification of the Sheep Strain (Genotype 1) of Echinococcus granulosus in Canid Feces and Parasite Tissues. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008. [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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16
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Wang Q, Xiao YF, Vuitton DA, Schantz PM, Raoul F, Budke C, Campos-Ponce M, Craig PS, Giraudoux P. Impact of overgrazing on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan pastoral communities of Sichuan Province, China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2007; 120:237-42. [PMID: 17355829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overgrazing was assumed to increase the population density of small mammals that are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis, the pathogen of alveolar echinococcosis in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This research tested the hypothesis that overgrazing might promote Echinococcus multilocularis transmission through increasing populations of small mammal, intermediate hosts in Tibetan pastoral communities. METHODS Grazing practices, small mammal indices and dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection data were collected to analyze the relation between overgrazing and Echinococcus multilocularis transmission using nonparametric tests and multiple stepwise logistic regression. RESULTS In the investigated area, raising livestock was a key industry. The communal pastures existed and the available forage was deficient for grazing. Open (common) pastures were overgrazed and had higher burrow density of small mammals compared with neighboring fenced (private) pastures; this high overgrazing pressure on the open pastures measured by neighboring fenced area led to higher burrow density of small mammals in open pastures. The median burrow density of small mammals in open pastures was independently associated with nearby canine Echinococcus multilocularis infection (P = 0.003, OR = 1.048). CONCLUSION Overgrazing may promote the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis through increasing the population density of small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Sichuan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Wang Q, Vuitton DA, Xiao Y, Budke CM, Campos-Ponce M, Schantz PM, Raoul F, Yang W, Craig PS, Giraudoux P. Pasture types and Echinococcus multilocularis, Tibetan communities. Emerg Infect Dis 2006; 12:1008-10. [PMID: 16707064 PMCID: PMC3373058 DOI: 10.3201/eid1206.041229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study showed that open pastures had more small mammal burrows than fenced pastures in Tibetan pastoralist communities in 2003. This characteristic was linked to a higher prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs and indicates that pasture type may affect E. multilocularis transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Campos-Ponce M, Ponce C, Ponce E, Maingon RDC. Leishmania chagasi/infantum: further investigations on Leishmania tropisms in atypical cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis foci in Central America. Exp Parasitol 2005; 109:209-19. [PMID: 15755418 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2004.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2004] [Revised: 08/20/2004] [Accepted: 11/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In Central America, apparently genetically identical Leishmania chagasi/infantum parasites cause cutaneous (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the latter being more frequent in young children. The present study investigated if there were pathology-related differences in virulence between Honduran CL and VL strains using Mediterranean L. infantum strains as a reference. Macrophage infectivity and serum sensitivity, properties thought to be associated with virulence, were similar between CL and VL strains from both regions. Attention focused on the genome organisation of genes for two candidate virulence factors: Leishmania mitogen activated protein kinase (LMPK) and cysteine proteinase b (Cpb). Interestingly, the Mediterranean strains exhibited restriction enzyme polymorphisms associated with tropism for both LMPK and Cpb genes whereas no differences were observed for the Honduran strains. We also report relative genetic homogeneity of the Honduran strains as compared to the Mediterranean strains and discuss it in terms of the probable origin for the Central American L. chagasi/infantum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Campos-Ponce
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Budke CM, Campos-Ponce M, Qian W, Torgerson PR. A canine purgation study and risk factor analysis for echinococcosis in a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau. Vet Parasitol 2005; 127:43-49. [PMID: 15619374 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Revised: 08/17/2004] [Accepted: 08/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Tibetan plateau of western China has been shown to have a very high prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus and human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. The domestic dog is suspected to be the primary definitive host for the transmission of both E. granulosus and E. multilocularis to humans in this locality. A purgation study of 371 dogs in Shiqu County, Sichuan Province during 2002-2003 resulted in an E. multilocularis prevalence of 12% and an E. granulosus prevalence of 8%. These crude prevalences were then adjusted, based on the known sensitivity of arecoline purgation for the detection of E. granulosus and a suggested sensitivity for the detection of E. multilocularis. In addition, it was assumed that some immature parasites of either species could be misidentified morphologically and wrongly assigned. This resulted in credible true prevalence intervals of between 13-33% for E. multilocularis and 8-19% for E. granulosus. Prevalences of other intestinal helminthes found on purgation were: Taenia spp. 31%, Dipylidium caninum 1%, and ascarids 8%. Risk factors associated with the acquisition of canine echinococcosis were evaluated based on responses to a questionnaire administered to dog owners. Male dogs were more likely to be infected with Echinococcus spp. than female dogs (P<0.05) and dogs allowed to roam were more likely to be infected with E. multilocularis (P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Budke
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abbasi I, Branzburg A, Campos-Ponce M, Abdel Hafez SK, Raoul F, Craig PS, Hamburger J. Copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by amplification of a newly identified repeated DNA sequence. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003; 69:324-30. [PMID: 14628952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by detecting adult worms recovered post mortem or purged from the intestines after treatment with arecoline is not suitable for mass screening. Large-scale diagnosis by detection of copro-antigens is useful but only with relatively high intensity infections, and only by genus. To provide a more sensitive and specific diagnosis, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed, that amplified a target repeated sequence (EgG1 Hae III) newly identified in the genome of the common sheep strain of E. granulosus. This repeated sequence consists of approximately 6,900 copies, arranged in tandem, in groups of 2-6 repeats. The corresponding primers used in the PCR easily detected a single egg with no cross-amplification of DNA from closely related cestodes, including E. multilocularis and Taenia spp. Fecal samples from naturally infected dogs, with 2-10,000 E. granulosus worms at necropsy, were all PCR positive, while E. multilocularis or Taenia spp. positive controls as well as non-endemic controls were all PCR negative. This copro-PCR assay was demonstrated to be 100% specific and also detected all necropsy-positive E. granulosus-infected dogs. It is suggested that this copro-PCR assay has the potential for pre-mortem diagnosis of E. granulosus infection even in areas where E. granulosus and E. multilocularis are co-endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abbasi
- Department of Parasitology, The Kuvin Centre for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Craig PS, Rogan MT, Campos-Ponce M. Echinococcosis: disease, detection and transmission. Parasitology 2003; 127 Suppl:S5-20. [PMID: 15027602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Echinococcosis is one of the world's most geographically widespread parasitic zoonoses, with transmission occurring in tropical, temperate and arctic biomes. Most human infections are due to Echinococcus granulosus transmitted between domestic dogs and livestock, but this cosmopolitan species also cycles between wild carnivores (principally canids) and wild ungulates. The other species with significant zoonotic potential is E. multilocularis that occurs naturally in fox definitive hosts and small mammal intermediate hosts. These two species cause human cystic or alveolar echinococcosis respectively, which may be considered serious public health problems in several regions including developed countries. This review provides an introductory overview to the Supplement and summarises the biology and epidemiology of these two related cestodes with an emphasis on applied aspects relating to detection, diagnosis and surveillance in animal and human populations, and includes aspects of transmission ecology, and also considers aspects of community epidemiology and potential for control.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Craig
- Cestode Zoonoses Research Group, Bioscience Research Institute and School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M54WT, UK
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Danson FM, Graham AJ, Pleydell DRJ, Campos-Ponce M, Giraudoux P, Craig PS. Multi-scale spatial analysis of human alveolar echinococcosis risk in China. Parasitology 2003; 127 Suppl:S133-41. [PMID: 15027610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Risk factors for the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis to humans operate at a range of spatial scales. Over a large area, such as China, regional scale risk is correlated with variation in climatic conditions because of its effect on the spatial distribution of landscapes that can support E. multilocularis transmission in wildlife hosts and the probability of egg survival. At a local scale of a few kilometres, or tens of kilometres, transmission risk is related to the spatial proximity of human populations and landscapes with active transmission. At the patch scale, when considering individual villages or households, human behavioural factors are important and for individuals genetic and immunological factors play a role. Satellite remote sensing can provide landscape information at a range of spatial scales and provide a spatial framework within which to examine transmission patterns. This paper reviews the application of remotely sensed data and spatial data analysis to develop a better understanding of disease transmission and shows how such data have been used to examine human alveolar echinococcosis infection patterns, at a range of spatial scales, in an endemic area in central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Danson
- Telford Institute of Environmental Systems and Biosciences Research Institute, School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK.
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