1
|
Xia J, Wu C, Jin X, Ding M, Zhang C, Hou G, Hao C, Yao W. Bioinformatics-based dynamics of cuproptosis -related indicators in experimental silicosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116286. [PMID: 38564864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pneumoconiosis is one of the most serious occupational diseases worldwide. Silicosis due to prolonged inhalation of free silica dust during occupational activities is one of the main types. Cuproptosis is a newly discovered mode of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of free copper in the cell, which ultimately leads to cell death. Increased copper in the serum of silicosis patients, suggests that the development of silicosis is accompanied by changes in copper metabolism, but whether cuproptosis is involved in the progression of silicosis is actually to be determined. To test this hypothesis, we screened the genetic changes in patients with idiopathic fibrosis by bioinformatics methods and predicted and functionally annotated the cuproptosis-related genes among them. Subsequently, we established a mouse silicosis model and detected the concentration of copper ions and the activity of ceruloplasmin (CP) in serum, as well as changes of the concentration of copper and cuproptosis related genes in mouse lung tissues. We identified 9 cuproptosis-related genes among the differential genes in patients with IPF at different times and the tissue-specific expression levels of ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) and Lipoyl synthase (LIAS) proteins. Furthermore, serum CP activity and copper ion levels in silicosis mice were elevated on days 7th and 56th after silica exposure. The expression of CP in mouse lung tissue elevated at all stages after silica exposure. The mRNA level of FDX1 decreased on days 7th and 56th, and the protein level remained in accordance with the mRNA level on day 56th. LIAS and Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) levels were downregulated at all times after silica exposure. In addition, Heatshockprotein70 (HSP70) expression was increased on day 56. In brief, our results demonstrate that there may be cellular cuproptosis during the development of experimental silicosis in mice and show synchronization with enhanced copper loading in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingcui Ding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chengpeng Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Guangjie Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cordeiro LM, Soares MV, da Silva AF, Dos Santos LV, de Souza LI, da Silveira TL, Baptista FBO, de Oliveira GV, Pappis C, Dressler VL, Arantes LP, Zheng F, Soares FAA. Toxicity of Copper and Zinc alone and in combination in Caenorhabditis elegans model of Huntington's disease and protective effects of rutin. Neurotoxicology 2023:S0161-813X(23)00085-2. [PMID: 37302585 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) are required in small concentrations for metabolic functions, but are also toxic. There is a great concern about soil pollution by heavy metals, which may exposure the population to these toxicants, either by inhalation of dust or exposure to toxicants through ingestion of food derived from contaminated soils. In addition, the toxicity of metals in combination is questionable, as soil quality guidelines only assess them separately. It is well known that metal accumulation is often found in the pathologically affected regions of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). HD is caused by an autosomal dominantly inherited CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. This results in the formation of a mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein with an abnormally long polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat. The pathology of HD results in loss of neuronal cells, motor changes, and dementia. Rutin is a flavonoid found in various food sources, and previous studies indicate it has protective effects in HD models and acts as a metal chelator. However, further studies are needed to unravel its effects on metal dyshomeostasis and to discern the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the toxic effects of long-term exposure to copper, zinc, and their mixture, and the relationship with the progression of neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration in a C. elegans-based HD model. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of rutin post metal exposure. Overall, we demonstrate that chronic exposure to the metals and their mixture altered body parameters, locomotion, and developmental delay, in addition to increasing polyQ protein aggregates in muscles and neurons causing neurodegeneration. We also propose that rutin has protective effects acting through mechanisms involving antioxidant and chelating properties. Altogether, our data provides new indications about the higher toxicity of metals in combination, the chelating potential of rutin in the C. elegans model of HD and possible strategies for future treatments of neurodegenerative diseases caused by the aggregation of proteins related to metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Marafiga Cordeiro
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcell Valandro Soares
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Franzen da Silva
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Venturini Dos Santos
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Ilha de Souza
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tássia Limana da Silveira
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Bicca Obetine Baptista
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Vitória de Oliveira
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Pappis
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Valderi Luiz Dressler
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leticia Priscilla Arantes
- State University of Minas Gerais, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Health, Zip code 37900-106, Passos, MG, Brazil
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Felix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Center for Natural and Exact Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Camobi, Zip code 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Behjatian-Esfahani M, Nehzati-Paghleh GA, Moravej H, Ghaffarzadeh M. Effects of Different Levels of Dietary Zinc-Threonine and Zinc Oxide on the Zinc Bioavailability, Biological Characteristics and Performance of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.). Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2555-2562. [PMID: 35751802 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementary different levels of zinc-threonine (Zn-Thr) and zinc oxide (ZnO) on the Zn bioavailability, biological characteristics and performance of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). The experiments were carried out with seven treatments in a completely randomized design with five replicates for each treatment. During the experiment, groups were fed a basal diet without extra zinc (10.4 mg Zn/kg diet), and it was used as the control diet and 3 levels of 20, 40, and 60 mg Zn/kg were added to the diet by ZnO and Zn-Thr sources. The results showed that different levels of organic Zn significantly increased Zn and Fe content in the carcass of caged bees compared to different levels of inorganic Zn and control groups. Also, honey bees fed with levels of 40 and 60 mg Zn/kg Zn-Thr supplementation significantly had lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and higher ash content, protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in their tissues. In addition, they showed more life span, feed intake, population, brood rearing, and hive weight gain (p < 0.05). Totally, the results of the present experiments revealed that diets supplied with organic Zn compared to inorganic Zn play significant roles in the improvement of Zn bioavailability, biological characteristics, and performance in honey bees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Behjatian-Esfahani
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholam Ali Nehzati-Paghleh
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Moravej
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ghaffarzadeh
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Drysdale M, Ratelle M, Skinner K, Garcia-Barrios J, Gamberg M, Williams M, Majowicz S, Bouchard M, Stark K, Chalil D, Laird BD. Human biomonitoring results of contaminant and nutrient biomarkers in Old Crow, Yukon, Canada. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143339. [PMID: 33183800 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several large-scale human biomonitoring projects have been conducted in Canada, including the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) and the First Nations Biomonitoring Initiative (FNBI). However, neither of these studies included participants living in the Yukon. To address this data gap, a human biomonitoring project was implemented in Old Crow, a fly-in Gwich'in community in the northern Yukon. The results of this project provide baseline levels of contaminant and nutrient biomarkers from Old Crow in 2019. Samples of hair, blood, and/or urine were collected from approximately 44% of community residents (77 of 175 adults). These samples were analyzed for contaminants (including heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs)), and nutrients (including trace elements and omega-3 fatty acids). Levels of these analytes were compared to health-based guidance values, when available, and results from other human biomonitoring projects in Canada. Levels of lead (GM 0.64 μg/g creatinine in urine/24 μg/L blood), cadmium (GM 0.32 μg/g creatinine in urine/0.85 μg/L blood), and mercury (GM < LOD in urine/0.76 μg/L blood/0.31 μg/g hair) were below select health-based guidance values for more than 95% of participants. However, compared to the general Canadian population, elevated levels of some contaminants, including lead (approximately 2× higher), cobalt (approximately 1.5× higher), manganese (approximately 1.3× higher), and hexachlorobenzene (approximately 1.5× higher) were observed. In contrast, levels of other POPs, including insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), its metabolite, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were similar to, or lower than, those reported in the general Canadian population. This study can be used along with future biomonitoring programs to evaluate the effectiveness of international initiatives designed to reduce the contaminant burden in the Arctic, including the Stockholm Convention and the Minamata Convention. Regionally, this project complements environmental monitoring being conducted in the region, informing local and regional traditional food consumption advisories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Drysdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mylene Ratelle
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joshua Garcia-Barrios
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mary Gamberg
- Gamberg Consulting, P.O. Box 11267, Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 6N5, Canada
| | - Megan Williams
- Vuntut Gwitchin Government, P.O. Box 94, Old Crow, Yukon Y0B 1N0, Canada
| | - Shannon Majowicz
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michele Bouchard
- École de santé publique, Département de santé environnementale et santé au travail, Centre de recherche en santé publique, Université de Montreal, P.O. Box, 6128, Main Station, Montreal, Quebec H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Ken Stark
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Dan Chalil
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Brian D Laird
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Sickle hepatopathy is an umbrella term describing various pattern of liver injury seen in patients with sickle cell disease. The disease is not uncommon in India; in terms of prevalence, India is second only to Sub-Saharan Africa where sickle cell disease is most prevalent. Hepatic involvement in sickle cell disease is not uncommon. Liver disease may result from viral hepatitis and iron overload due to multiple transfusions of blood products or due to disease activity causing varying changes in vasculature. The clinical spectrum of disease ranges from ischemic injury due to sickling of red blood cells in hepatic sinusoids, pigment gall stones, and acute/chronic sequestration syndromes. The sequestration syndromes are usually episodic and self-limiting requiring conservative management such as antibiotics and intravenous fluids or packed red cell transfusions. However, rarely these episodes may present with coagulopathy and encephalopathy like acute liver failure, which are life-threatening, requiring exchange transfusions or even liver transplantation. However, evidence for their benefits, optimal indications, and threshold to start exchange transfusion is limited. Similarly, there is paucity of the literature regarding the end point of exchange transfusion in this scenario. Liver transplantation may also be beneficial in end-stage liver disease. Hydroxyurea, the antitumor agent, which is popularly used to prevent life-threatening complications such as acute chest syndrome or stroke in these patients, has been used only sparingly in hepatic sequestrations. The purpose of this review is to provide insights into epidemiology of sickle cell disease in India and pathogenesis and classification of hepatobiliary involvement in sickle cell disease. Finally, various management options including exchange transfusion, liver transplantation, and hydroxyurea in hepatic sequestration syndromes will be discussed in brief.
Collapse
Key Words
- AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
- ACLF, Acute on chronic liver failure
- ALF, Acute liver failure
- ALT, Alanine transaminase
- AST, Aspartate transaminase
- FFP, Fresh frozen plasma
- GIT, Gastrointestinal tract
- HAV, Hepatitis A virus
- HBV, Hepatitis B virus
- HCV, Hepatitis C virus
- HEV, Hepatitis E virus
- HIC, Hepatic iron content
- HbS, Sickle hemoglobin
- HbSS, Sickle cell disease homozygous
- INR, International normalized ratio
- PT, Prothrombin time
- RUQ, Right upper quadrant
- SC, Scheduled caste
- SCD, Sickle cell disease
- SCIC, Sickle cell intrahepatic cholestasis
- ST, Scheduled tribe
- TJLB, Transjugular liver biopsy
- UDCA, Ursodeoxycholic acid
- cholelithiasis
- intrahepatic cholestasis
- sickle cell hepatopathy
- sickle cholangiopathy
- sickle hepatic crisis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil C. Anand
- Address for correspondence. Anil C Anand, Professor and Head, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubneshwar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cemin HS, Carpenter CB, Woodworth JC, Tokach MD, Dritz SS, DeRouchey JM, Goodband RD, Usry JL. Effects of zinc source and level on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs . Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:742-748. [PMID: 32704842 PMCID: PMC7200915 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of added Zn source and level on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. A total of 1,980 pigs divided into 2 groups [group 1: 1,008 pigs, TR4 × (Fast Large White × PIC L02) and group 2: 972 pigs, PIC 337 × 1,050], initially 33.3 kg, were used in a 103- or 114-d growth trial in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with 2 sources of added Zn, Zn hydroxychloride (ZnHyd; IntelliBond Z, Micronutrients, Indianapolis, IN) or Zn sulfate (ZnSO4), and 3 levels of added Zn (50, 100, or 150 mg/kg). Diets contained a vitamin-trace mineral premix without added Zn and provided 76 and 162 mg/kg Fe and Cu, respectively. All diets contained 750 FTU/kg phytase. There was a total of 14 replicates per treatment. Pens of pigs were weighed approximately every 2 wk to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio. At the end of the experiment, pigs were transported to a packing plant to determine hot carcass weight (HCW), backfat depth, loin depth, and lean percentage. Overall, there was no evidence (P > 0.10) for interactive effects of added Zn source and level for growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs fed diets with increasing added Zn had a tendency (P = 0.093) for a quadratic response in ADG, with the greatest ADG observed at 100 mg/kg added Zn. There was a linear improvement (P = 0.010) in carcass yield and a quadratic response (P = 0.045) in HCW, with pigs fed 100 mg/kg added Zn having the highest HCW. Pigs fed diets with ZnHyd had improved (P = 0.017) carcass yield and a tendency (P = 0.058) for greater HCW compared with pigs fed ZnSO4. In summary, under the commercial conditions of the study and with diets containing 750 FTU/kg phytase, there were relatively small improvements in ADG of growing-finishing pigs fed added Zn beyond 50 mg/kg. Providing higher levels of added Zn improved carcass characteristics. Zinc source did not influence growth performance, but ZnHyd improved carcass characteristics compared with ZnSO4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique S Cemin
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Corey B Carpenter
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Jason C Woodworth
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Mike D Tokach
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Steve S Dritz
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Joel M DeRouchey
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Robert D Goodband
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wani AL, Ahmad A, Shadab GGHA, Usmani JA. Possible role of zinc in diminishing lead-related occupational stress-a zinc nutrition concern. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8682-8691. [PMID: 28204951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lead and zinc are mostly present at the same occupational source and usually found as co-contaminants. Lead is known to associate with detrimental effects to humans. Zinc however is an essential nutrient and its deficiency causes debilitating effects on growth and development. Besides, it acts as core ion of important enzymes and proteins. The purpose of this study was to examine if zinc concentrations are associated with blood lead levels and if zinc may prevent lead-induced DNA damage. Blood samples were collected from 92 workers as participants occupationally exposed to lead or lead and zinc and 38 comparison participants having no history of such exposure. Lead and zinc levels were determined from blood by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and genetic damage was assessed by comet assay. Correlation was calculated by Spearman's rho. Lead concentrations were observed to increase among workers with increase in years of exposure. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in blood lead levels between workers and controls. In addition, significant difference (p < 0.001) in the genetic damage was observed among workers and controls. A clear effect of increased occupational exposure was visible among workers. Multiple regression analysis further reveals the positive effect of lead, while as the inverse effect of zinc on DNA damage. The results suggest that zinc may influence body lead absorption and may have a role in preventing the genetic damage caused by lead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ab Latif Wani
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Toxicology Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Utter Pradesh, 202002, India.
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Utter Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - G G H A Shadab
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Toxicology Lab, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Utter Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Jawed Ahmad Usmani
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Utter Pradesh, 202002, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Samolińska W, Grela ER. Comparative Effects of Inulin with Different Polymerization Degrees on Growth Performance, Blood Trace Minerals, and Erythrocyte Indices in Growing-Finishing Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 176:130-142. [PMID: 27435316 PMCID: PMC5309310 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There are numerous reports of the effect of inulin on the bioavailability of mineral compounds. However, there are no conclusive reports concerning its beneficial impact (or lack thereof) in the case of such essential trace elements as iron, copper, or zinc. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of inulin addition with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) on growth performance in fatteners as well as on blood plasma concentrations of iron, copper, and zinc and selected hematological indices. The experiment was conducted throughout the fattening period (up to a body weight of approximately 115 kg) on 112 weaners with an initial weight of 25.0 ± 0.5 kg divided into 7 groups. The first group served as a control, while the other groups received increasing doses (1, 2, and 3 %) of standard inulin (SI; DPav ≥ 10) or long-chain inulin (LCI, DPav ≥ 23) in complete mixtures. Compared with the control, the supplementation of the mixtures with inulin increased the average daily gains, the final body weight, and the plasma content of trace elements (P < 0.05). An increased plasma zinc concentration was noted after application of inulin with a lower polymerization degree (P < 0.05). In turn, at a higher inulin polymerization degree, a higher final body weight and increased copper (P < 0.05), iron (P < 0.1), hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and packed cell volume (PCV) levels were detected in animal blood (P < 0.05). The inulin addition was found to have modified the analyzed indices, and the optimal supplementation level was estimated at 20 g·kg-1 diet. Inulin with the higher DP exerted a more pronounced effect on the analyzed properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Samolińska
- Department of Bromatology and Food Physiology, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Science, Lublin, Poland.
| | - E R Grela
- Department of Bromatology and Food Physiology, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Science, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhai R, Zhang M, Liu J, Guang H, Li B, Chen D, Zhang S. Reference Intervals of and Relationships among Essential Trace Elements in Whole Blood of Children Aged 0-14 years. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 31. [PMID: 27558470 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential trace elements are vital to human health. In this study, our aim was to establish reference intervals of and to evaluate relationships among Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn for children. METHODS We collected blood samples of 3210 children aged 0-14 years from Lu'an, China, and concentrations of the above elements were determined by atomizer absorption spectrophotometer. A nonparametric method was used to establish the reference intervals. RESULTS Gender-related differences in concentrations were not statistically significant for the elements, except for Fe. There were strong positive and negative correlations between age and Fe (R = 0.305, P < 0.001), Zn (R = 0.573, P < 0.001); and age and Ca (R = -0.372, P < 0.001), Cu (R = -0.127, P < 0.001), respectively. Correlations between Ca-Mg (r = 0.222~0.384, P < 0.001), Fe-Mg (r = 0.495~0.614, P < 0.001), and Fe-Zn (r = 0.239~0.471, P < 0.001) were the strongest compared with others. In multivariable linear regression, after adjusted for confounding factors, the associations between Zn-Fe and Mg-Fe were the strongest with per concentration quintile increase of Fe caused Zn and Mg increasing by 4.19% (β = 0.041; 95% CI: 0.037, 0.045; P < 0.001) and 3.87% (β = 0.038; 95% CI: 0.036, 0.040; P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gender- and age-based reference intervals of Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn for children were established, and correlations between them were quite complex. More works are needed to illuminate these relationships and their impacts on children's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhai
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Meichun Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Hui Guang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Benzhong Li
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| | - Songtao Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Lu'an People's Hospital, The Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ugarte M, Osborne NN, Brown LA, Bishop PN. Iron, zinc, and copper in retinal physiology and disease. Surv Ophthalmol 2013; 58:585-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
11
|
Ugarte M, Grime GW, Lord G, Geraki K, Collingwood JF, Finnegan ME, Farnfield H, Merchant M, Bailey MJ, Ward NI, Foster PJ, Bishop PN, Osborne NN. Concentration of various trace elements in the rat retina and their distribution in different structures. Metallomics 2013; 4:1245-54. [PMID: 23093062 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify the total amount of trace elements in retina from adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6). Concentration of trace elements within individual retinal areas in frozen sections of the fellow eye was established with the use of two methodologies: (1) particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) in combination with 3D depth profiling with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and (2) synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microscopy. The most abundant metal in the retina was zinc, followed by iron and copper. Nickel, manganese, chromium, cobalt, selenium and cadmium were present in very small amounts. The PIXE and SXRF analysis yielded a non-homogenous pattern distribution of metals in the retina. Relatively high levels of zinc were found in the inner part of the photoreceptor inner segments (RIS)/outer limiting membrane (OLM), inner nuclear layer and plexiform layers. Iron was found to accumulate in the retinal pigment epithelium/choroid layer and RIS/OLM. Copper in turn, was localised primarily in the RIS/OLM and plexiform layers. The trace elements iron, copper, and zinc exist in different amounts and locations in the rat retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ugarte
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Queiroz ML, da Rocha MC, Torello CO, de Souza Queiroz J, Bincoletto C, Morgano MA, Romano MR, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Barbosa CM, Calgarotto AK. Chlorella vulgaris restores bone marrow cellularity and cytokine production in lead-exposed mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2934-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
13
|
Response of diamine oxidase and other plasma copper biomarkers to various dietary copper intakes in the rat and evaluation of copper absorption with a stable isotope. Br J Nutr 2007. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114500000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is a lack of agreement on index of Cu status and reliable and sensitive biomarkers are still required. The purpose of this present work was to assess in rats the sensitivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, a recently proposed biomarker, to modifications in dietary Cu intake in comparison with other plasma biomarkers of Cu status. We also evaluated the effect of Cu dietary level on Cu and Zn intestinal absorption. Results showed that plasma Cu and plasma caeruloplasmin were significantly decreased at day 8 compared with the control group (7·4 mg Cu/kg diet) while DAO activity was significantly decreased at day 12 of the deficient diet (0·61 mg Cu/kg diet). Cu supplementation (35 mg Cu/kg diet) had no effect on any of the studied biomarkers of Cu status. In Cu-deficient rats plasma Cu and DAO activities were normalized 4 d after return to the control diet while caeruloplasmin was normalized later, at day 11. Apparent absorption values (%) of total Cu or65Cu isotope were significantly increased in the Cu-deficient rats compared with the other groups and similar in the control and the Cu-supplemented groups. The urinary excretion of total Cu or65Cu isotope were increased in the Cu-supplemented group compared with the other two groups. Both apparent absorption and urinary excretion of total Zn or67Zn isotope remained unchanged in the three experimental groups. In conclusion, DAO activity seemed to be less sensitive to Cu deficiency than plasma Cu or caeruloplasmin concentrations. The present study also showed a significant increase in Cu intestinal absorption with dietary Cu restriction but no decrease with Cu supplementation in the rat.
Collapse
|
14
|
Maia PA, Figueiredo RCB, Anastácio AS, Porto da Silveira CL, Donangelo CM. Zinc and copper metabolism in pregnancy and lactation of adolescent women. Nutrition 2007; 23:248-53. [PMID: 17320352 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 10/07/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pregnant and lactating adolescent women are at risk of zinc and copper deficiency but their capacity for metabolic adaptation is poorly known. This study investigated the effect of pregnancy and lactation on zinc and copper metabolism in adolescent women by comparing biochemical indices between groups in different reproductive states. METHODS Habitual dietary intake and biochemical indices (zinc, copper, alkaline phosphatase, and ceruloplasmin in plasma; zinc [E-Zn], metallothionein [E-MT], and superoxide dismutase [E-SOD] in erythrocytes) and their relation were compared among non-pregnant non-lactating adolescents (NPNLs; n = 26), third-trimester pregnant adolescents (PAs; n = 26), and lactating adolescents up to 3 mo postpartum (LAs; n = 21). RESULTS Zinc and copper intakes were not different across groups (on average, 8.7 and 1.0 mg/d, respectively). PAs had lower plasma zinc but higher plasma copper, alkaline phosphatase, and ceruloplasmin levels than did LAs and NPNLs (P < 0.05). E-SOD and E-Zn were similar in all groups but E-MT was higher in the PA and LA groups than in the NPNL group (P < 0.05). Correlations between plasma copper and ceruloplasmin and between E-MT and E-Zn were observed in the LA and NPNL groups (r > or = 0.64, P < 0.01) but not in the PA group. In contrast, correlations between plasma alkaline phosphatase and plasma zinc, between E-MT and plasma zinc, and between E-SOD and E-Zn were observed only in the PA group (r > or = 0.46, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Zinc and copper biochemical responses to pregnancy and lactation in the adolescent women studied appeared qualitatively similar to those described in previous studies in adult women. However, the significant correlations observed between the activity of zinc-dependent enzymes and plasma (or erythrocyte) zinc suggest that a poor maternal zinc status may limit the metabolic adaptation capacity of these adolescent women especially during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Afonso Maia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Turgut S, Ergin S, Turgut G, Erdoğan BS, Aktan S. The role of essential and non-essential elements in Mal de Meleda. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2007; 18:11-9. [PMID: 17569243 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp.2007.18.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mal de Meleda (MDM) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited palmoplantar keratoderma. In 1826 Stulli described the disease on the Dalmatian island of Meleda. Hyperkeratosis involves other parts of the body such as elbows and knees, in addition to the palms and soles. Zinc deficiency is known to cause hyperkeratozis in addition to other skin changes. We studied the levels of essential and nonessential elements in blood and tissues /nail, hair, skin/ in MDM patients and healthy controls living in Köprüçay area, Turkey. The results show no significant difference in blood zinc, iron, copper, cadmium, and lead levels between MDM patients and healthy controls. The zinc and copper levels of nail and hair in MDM patients did not differ from those of healthy controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Turgut
- Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rosado JL, López P, Kordas K, García-Vargas G, Ronquillo D, Alatorre J, Stoltzfus RJ. Iron and/or zinc supplementation did not reduce blood lead concentrations in children in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Nutr 2006; 136:2378-83. [PMID: 16920858 DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.9.2378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the interaction of nutritional deficiencies with toxic metals. Iron deficiency and elevated blood lead concentrations (PbB) reportedly occur together, and zinc also plays an important role in lead metabolism. The objective was to evaluate the effect of zinc and/or iron supplementation on PbB of children attending schools in the neighborhood of a smelter complex for 6 mo. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial in 9 elementary schools located within a 3.5-km radius of a metal foundry in Torreón, Mexico. Of the 602 first-graders enrolled, 517 completed supplementation and had initial and final PbBs. Children were given either 30 mg of iron, 30 mg of zinc, both, or a placebo daily for 6 mo. Baseline and final measures included nutritional status and PbB. The overall prevalence of iron and zinc deficiencies was 12.1 and 30.3%, respectively, and 10.3% were anemic. The PbB concentration decreased in all experimental groups (P < 0.05). After controlling for initial PbB, groups administered zinc and/or iron did not have lower PbB concentrations than the placebo group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, iron supplementation of lead-exposed children significantly improved iron status but did not reduce PbBs. Zinc supplementation did not reduce PbBs independently of zinc nutritional status. Neither iron nor zinc can be recommended as the sole treatment for lead-exposed school children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Rosado
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung W Park
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Moyad MA, Barada JH, Lue TF, Mulhall JP, Goldstein I, Fawzy A. Prevention and treatment of erectile dysfunction using lifestyle changes and dietary supplements: what works and what is worthless, part II. Urol Clin North Am 2004; 31:259-73. [PMID: 15123406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2004.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It seems naïve to believe that some plants or herbs do not contain specific compounds that could benefit patients with ED. Many supplements have not been investigated in a laboratory or clinical research setting before commercial sale, however,which creates a complex situation. If efficacy is or is not demonstrated through adequate research, then the benefit or lack thereof cannot be mentioned on the label. Furthermore, clinicians and the public cannot be made aware of which compounds or supplements are effective because no general standards for sale exist under the current guidelines. Dietary supplements have received a tremendous amount of publicity. The large and growing market for ED treatment seems to have contributed partly to the promotion of numerous supplements and their apparent benefits. Whether these dietary supplements have merit is questionable. Some supplements may produce results opposite to those advertised. Other supplements may be enjoying the benefits of the placebo effect. Because a placebo response of 25% to 50% has been recorded in clinical trials with effective agents, it is understandable that some supplements enjoy financial success despite the limited research espousing their use. If one to two of four individuals or one of three individuals who try a dietary supplement gain some benefit for their ED, the market for these supplements will remain extraordinary. On a larger scale, of 100,000 men who try a supplement, approximately 25,000 to 50,000 will claim some success. The challenge for clinicians is to discuss the placebo response properly and the need for good research before any intervention, especially supplements, can be advocated for general use. Table 2 summarizes some popular ED supplements and general conclusions that can be drawn from clinical investigations. Some dietary supplements may have an active ingredient that benefits patients with certain types of ED. An exciting area of future dietary supplement research is the ability of certain agents to have a synergistic effect with prescription agents for ED, thereby improving response rates in men that have failed approved ED therapy initially, especially with oral agents. Randomized clinical trials are the best method of determining which dietary supplements will become a part of conventional medicine. Therefore, more randomized trials for dietary supplements are needed so that they may have the opportunity to become a part of the mainstream milieu, which means that more funding needs to be made available for ED research. The coming years of research should bring enormous excitement and objectivity to this area of medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0330, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kelleher SL, Lönnerdal B. Marginal maternal Zn intake in rats alters mammary gland Cu transporter levels and milk Cu concentration and affects neonatal Cu metabolism. J Nutr 2003; 133:2141-8. [PMID: 12840169 DOI: 10.1093/jn/133.7.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marginal zinc intake is common and leaves women particularly vulnerable to Zn deficiency due to increased demand for Zn as a consequence of reproduction. Zn deficiency during pregnancy and lactation has been associated with secondary affects on copper metabolism in the offspring; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The effects of marginal maternal Zn intake on maternal and neonatal Cu metabolism were determined in rats. Plasma, milk and tissue Cu and Zn concentrations and plasma and milk ceruloplasmin (Cp) activity were measured in dams fed a control (CON, 25 mg Zn/kg diet) or a marginal Zn diet (ZD, 10 mg Zn/kg diet) and their suckling pups. There was no effect on maternal tissue Cu or Zn or milk Zn concentration; however, plasma Cp activity was higher in dams fed ZD, suggesting that Cp activity may be a useful marker for identifying marginal Zn status. Rats fed ZD had high mammary gland Ctr1, Atp7A and Atp7B levels, milk Cp activity and Cu concentration. Immunostaining and differential centrifugation indicated that ZD also altered Ctr1 and Atp7A localization in the mammary gland. Pups from dams fed ZD had higher small intestine Cu and lower plasma Cu than CON pups. These results suggest that marginal maternal Zn intake during pregnancy and lactation increase mammary gland Cu transporter levels and alter their localization, resulting in high milk Cu levels, possibly in response to transiently elevated plasma Cu levels. The combination of high milk Cu concentration and immature neonatal Cu transport exposes the suckling neonate to excess Cu; however, whether this occurs in humans is not yet known.
Collapse
|
20
|
Schlegel-Zawadzka M, Zachwieja Z, Huzior-Baajewicz A, Pietrzyk JJ. Comparative analysis of zinc status, food products' frequency intake and food habits of 11-year-old healthy children. FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS 2002; 19:963-8. [PMID: 12443558 DOI: 10.1080/02652030210146472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Children are particularly vulnerable to zinc (Zn) deficiency during periods of rapid growth and development such as infancy and adolescence. The aim was to find the relationship between food frequency, intake, food habits and zinc status in 11-year-old healthy children from southern Poland. The study group comprised children (n = 157) in the age range 11.0 +/- 0.4 years. The level of Zn in serum, erythrocytes and hair samples was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The parents of children examined completed a special food frequency questionnaire. The Zn concentration in hair (boys 182.98 +/- 65.63 microg x g(-1), n = 78; girls 203.82 +/- 39.80 microg x g(-1), n = 79; p = 0.0171), erythrocytes (8.60 +/- 2.76 mg x l(-1), n = 50) and blood serum (0.79 +/- 0.15 mg x l(-1)) correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with frequency intake of different products (hair: meat, rolls, fruit juices without additives, brawn, pate, barley, black pudding, fish canned, chips, margarine used for cooking, bacon; erythrocytes: fruits, matured cheese, dishes of meal, white cottage cheese, fruit juices without additives, cakes and cakes with cream, margarine used for bread spread; blood serum: bread, fruits, milk, kefir, yoghurt). The relationship of the Zn amount in food products, food frequency intake and the concentration in different healthy children tissues is influenced by many internal and external factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Schlegel-Zawadzka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Barone A, Ebesh O, Harper RG, Wapnir RA. Placental copper transport in rats: effects of elevated dietary zinc on fetal copper, iron and metallothionein. J Nutr 1998; 128:1037-41. [PMID: 9614166 DOI: 10.1093/jn/128.6.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the competition between zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) during fetal accretion of copper could be discriminated at either the dam-to-placenta or placenta-to-fetus stage. This premise was tested by feeding dams a high Zn diet (1000 mg/kg, HZn) during the second half of gestation. One day before delivery, dams were anesthetized, fetuses removed and both maternal and fetal tissues and plasma obtained and assayed. Other rats were fed a normal Zn concentration diet (32.4 mg/kg, ND) throughout pregnancy. There were significantly lower fetal liver Cu concentrations and greater plasma Fe concentrations, but not plasma Cu concentrations or liver Fe concentrations in the HZn group. Both dam and fetal Zn liver concentrations were greater in the HZn than in the ND group. Plasma Cu levels were lower in the HZn-fed than in the ND-fed dams. Placental tissue from the HZn litters had a greater concentration of Zn and Fe than did the ND group, whereas no effect was noted for Cu concentration. Metallothionein (MT) levels were elevated in dam livers and placenta in the HZn group, but there were no differences in fetal liver MT. The dynamic assessment of placental transport was conducted by injecting 2.5 mg/kg Cu acetate intravenously into dams of both groups. Sequential samplings of dam and fetal blood and placentas were taken from 0 to 60 min. After the Cu bolus, there was a consistently higher plasma Cu concentration in the HZn than in the ND dams, but no alteration in the concentration of Cu in the placenta or fetal plasma. This study indicates that placental Cu uptake is not affected by a high Zn diet in the dam. In addition, the greater Zn concentration in the placenta of HZn than in ND litters results in abnormal fetal Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations, suggesting that an imbalanced maternal mineral consumption is deleterious to normal divalent metal accretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Barone
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, North Shore University Hospital-New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alcutt F, Pinto JT. Glutathione concentrations in the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, following laboratory exposure to lead (a potential model system for evaluating exposure to carcinogens and toxins). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY 1994; 107:347-52. [PMID: 8061940 DOI: 10.1016/1367-8280(94)90060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study determined whether M. mercenaria retain Pb from sea water and whether endogenous GSH acts as an important primary response modulator of heavy metal detoxification. Lead accumulation in M. mercenaria may be related to the rate of endogenous formation of GSH. Glutathione concentrations decrease with increasing early exposure to Pb and increase after continued acute exposure. M. mercenaria do not accumulate Pb but appear to reach an equilibrium with their environment. GSH formation may protect the hard clam from accumulating excess Pb by forming insoluble sulfide adducts with Pb and excreting these complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Alcutt
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Haw MP, Bell SJ, Blackburn GL. Potential of parenteral and enteral nutrition in inflammation and immune dysfunction: A new challenge for dietitians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(21)01208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
25
|
Abstract
The collective evidence suggests that nutritional insult to both cell-mediated and humoral immunity in the presence of protein-energy malnutrition contributes to abnormalities of inflammation. The primary goal of nutritional support in inflammatory disease is to provide adequate energy and protein to meet endogenous requirements for tissue repair, IL-1 production, and restored cellular function, thus preventing secondary infection. Substrate provision should aim at improving the acute phase of injury while avoiding immune dysfunction. This goal may be achieved by altering the eicosanoid pathway toward a more regulated inflammatory state. In the context of allograft response, macrophages are central to the initiation of allosensitization by virtue of their ability to present antigen to T-cells. Activated T-cells may further modulate macrophage function by the secretion of lymphokines. Manipulation of macrophage eicosanoid production by dietary omega-3 PUFA may reduce cellular immune response. (table; see text) Nutritional support should also focus on providing essential micronutrients, with their potentially immunomodulating role, as adjunctive therapy in order to protect the host from toxic effects of free-radicals and chemicals released during inflammatory events. (Feeding regimens currently under investigation and development are presented in Table 4.) By integrating dietary immunotherapy with the use of recombinant hormones, monoclonal antibodies, and various available monokines, an optimal outcome for each patient may be achieved. However, effective application of immunotherapy to nutritional supplementation will require accurate monitoring of immune function in individual patients in order to avoid inappropriate treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Wan
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, New England Deaconess Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zareba G, Chmielnicka J. Effects of tin and lead on organ levels of essential minerals in rabbits. Biol Trace Elem Res 1989; 20:233-42. [PMID: 2484756 DOI: 10.1007/bf02917438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tin and lead on levels of essential metals (Zn, Cu, Ca, Fe) in rabbit tissues was compared in relation to the route of administration. Animals received intraperitoneally, or per os, SnCl2 (2 mg Sn/kg) or Pb(CH3COO)2 (3.5 mg Pb/kg) every day for 5 d or for 1 mo. Copper, zinc, iron, and calcium were determined by AAS in the liver, kidneys, spleen, brain, bone marrow, and blood; lead and tin concentration were measured in the blood of animals. Tin and lead administered per os caused either no changes or the decreased concentration of endogenous metals in several tissues. The other route of administration (ip) of both metals generally contributed to the increased storage of essential elements. Blood tin levels of tin treated animals were only about less than or equal to 1/10 of blood lead concentrations of rabbits exposed to lead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Zareba
- Department of Toxicological Chemistry, Medical Academy of Lódź, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mussalo-Rauhamaa H, Konttinen YT, Lehto J, Honkanen V. Predictive clinical and laboratory parameters for serum zinc and copper in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1988; 47:816-9. [PMID: 3196083 PMCID: PMC1003609 DOI: 10.1136/ard.47.10.816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Zinc and copper have important effects on T cell mediated immunity and on neutrophil function, but it is not known how the causes or effects, of low serum zinc and high serum copper relate to the clinical picture of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study serum zinc and copper determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and 30 other clinical, immunological, and laboratory parameters in 60 patients with RA were analysed by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Joint score index, rheumatoid factor titre, seropositivity, haemoglobin, and C reactive protein (CRP) were among the nine independent variables which together predicted 73% of the serum zinc variation. This suggests that there is an association between the immune-inflammatory rheumatoid process and the serum zinc concentration. CRP alone had only a 3% independent predicting value for serum zinc, however. This suggests that metallothionein mediated sequestration in the liver, induced by interleukin 1, is not an important explanatory factor in a cross sectional study of chronic inflammation. Furthermore, serum zinc did not have any predictive value at all for serum copper concentration. This does not support the hypothesis suggesting that serum zinc deficiency leads to high serum copper by inducing gastrointestinal metallothionein and high caeruloplasmin.
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Abstract
The role of protein and calorie deficiency in sickle cell disease remains poorly defined. While such features as growth retardation, impaired immune function, and delayed menarche do suggest a relationship between sickle cell disease and undernutrition, measurement of more direct nutritional parameters in these patients have yielded mixed results. Anthropometric measurements such as skinfold thickness are subnormal in many but not all reports. Serum protein levels are normal, but low values for serum lipids have been reported. Finally, one small study shows an improvement in both growth parameters and clinical course following caloric supplementation. A variety of micronutrient deficiencies have been suggested in sickle cell disease. Numerous case reports describing an exacerbation of the chronic anemia that was reversed by folic acid therapy led to routine folate supplementation. More recent studies have shown, however, that clinically significant folic acid deficiency occurs only in a small minority of sickle cell patients. Clearly, more work is necessary to define the cost/benefit ratio of routine folic acid supplementation. Pharmacological amounts of vitamin B6 and certain of its derivatives possess in vitro antisickling activities. Nevertheless, a small clinical trial failed to demonstrate any consistent hematologic effects of B6 supplementation. Several reports indicate that vitamin E levels are low in sickle erythrocytes. Since these abnormal red cells both generate excessive oxidation products and are more sensitive to oxidant stress, and because oxidants appear to play a role in ISC formation, vitamin E deficiency could well be linked to ISC formation and hemolysis. Small clinical trials, however, have again failed to produce a clear hematological response in sickle cell anemia. The role of zinc in sickle cell disease has received considerable attention. Though studies are generally small, most do support a relationship between sickle cell disease and zinc deficiency. Etiologic associations between zinc deficiency and such complications of sickle cell disease as poor ulcer healing, growth retardation, delays in sexual development, immune deficiencies, and high ISC counts have all been suggested. Most of these studies need further corroboration. Iron deficiency is now known to be a relatively common occurrence in sickle cell anemia, especially in children and pregnant women. The theoretical benefits of concomitant iron deficiency and sickle cell anemia remain to be proven in a controlled clinical trial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Collapse
|
30
|
Erratum. J Am Coll Nutr 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.1986.10738081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|