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Effects of a Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Status in the Plasma of a Healthy Population: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123604. [PMID: 34204618 PMCID: PMC8231220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is scientific evidence of the positive effect of polyphenols from plant foods on inflammation and oxidative status. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether treatment with a high-polyphenolic nutraceutical reduces the plasmatic concentration of certain oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in a healthy population. One hundred and eight subjects were selected and stratified by sex in the intervention group (n = 53) and the placebo group (n = 55). Ninety-two subjects completed the study after two 16-week treatment periods separated by a four-week washout period. The results revealed statistically significant differences in subjects treated with the polyphenolic extract compared to the placebo: A decrease in homocysteine, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), TNF-α, sTNFR1, and C-reactive protein (CRP). The most significant decrease was observed for OxLDL (from 78.98 ± 24.48 to 69.52 ± 15.64; p < 0.05) and CRP (from 1.50 ± 0.33 to 1.39 ± 0.37; p < 0.05), both showing significant differences compared to the placebo (p < 0.001). Moreover, catecholamines increased after the administration of the product under investigation, especially in the case of dopamine (from 15.43 ± 2.66 to 19.61 ± 5.73; p < 0.05). Therefore, the consumption of a nutraceutical based on fruit and vegetables with a high polyphenol content seems to improve the parameters related to health benefits (oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers), including remarkable changes in the expression of catecholamines.
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Sarkhosh-Khorasani S, Sangsefidi ZS, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of grape products containing polyphenols on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutr J 2021; 20:25. [PMID: 33712024 PMCID: PMC7971097 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature showed that Grape Products Containing Polyphenols (GPCP) had anti-oxidant activity. However, the effects of GPCP on different biomarkers of oxidative stress are still controversial. In this regard, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of Grape Products Containing Polyphenols (GPCP) intake on oxidative stress markers. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar data bases were searched up to August 20, 2020. A random-effects model, weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied for data analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted over 17 eligible RCTs with a total of 633 participants. The study registration number is CRD42019116696. RESULTS A significant increase was observed in Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.524 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 2.21). Intake of GPCP enhanced Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) (WMD = 0.450 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.66), TAC (WMD = 2.829 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.13, 5.52), and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) (WMD = 0.524 μmol/L, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.62) among healthy participants. Higher GPCP doses increased SOD (WMD = 0.539 U/mgHb, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.82) and ORAC (WMD = 0.377 μmol/L, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), whereas longer intervention periods enhanced ORAC (WMD = 0.543 μmol/L, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.64). CONCLUSION GPCP intake may partly improve status of oxidative stress, but further well-designed trials are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sarkhosh-Khorasani
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Effects of Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Cognitive Function in a Healthy Population: Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010116. [PMID: 33467530 PMCID: PMC7830952 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is scientific evidence of the positive effect of polyphenols from plant foods on cognition, but not enough is known about the synergistic effect when multiple polyphenols are consumed and even less in a healthy non-elderly population. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible effects of improvements in cognitive function in healthy people as a preparation based on micronized fruit and vegetables consumed. One hundred and eight subjects were selected, stratified by sex in the control intervention group (n = 53) and placebo (n = 55). Volunteers completed the study after two 16-week periods of consumption with a 4-week wash period between each phase. At the beginning and the end of each phase, volunteers performed the Stroop, TESEN, and RIST tests for the measurement of different cognitive function patterns. The results revealed statistically significant differences in all the variables of the tests carried out, especially compared with the placebo. Specially, the results obtained in the Stroop and TESEN test, in addition to the processing speed even with semantic interferences, were markedly better after the treatment with the product under study. Moreover, the consumption of the product under study clearly improves short-term memory, verbal and non-verbal, according to the results obtained in the RIST test. The results showed an improvement in executive function in terms of short-term memory, working memory, selective and sustained attention, and speed of processing.
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4
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Dams S, Holasek S, Tsiountsioura M, Malliga DE, Meier-Allard N, Poncza B, Lackner S, Jansenberger Y, Lamprecht M. An encapsulated fruit, vegetable and berry juice powder concentrate increases plasma values of specific carotenoids and vitamins. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 91:77-86. [PMID: 31726948 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins and carotenoids are organic compounds that are important for vital functions of the human organism. Since the human body is not able to synthesize most of these micronutrients, they need to be supplied by the intake of food or supplements. The aim of this study was to analyze whether a whole food based, encapsulated fruit, berry, and vegetable juice powder concentrate provides bioavailable carotenoids and vitamins A (all-trans retinol), E and C. Eighteen healthy subjects received 6 capsules a day for 8 weeks, which provided 2.91 mg β-carotene, 490 μg vitamin A, 18.7 mg vitamin E, 159 mg vitamin C, 6.1 mg lutein and 1 mg lycopene. Plasma concentrations of several carotenoids and vitamins before and after supplementation were measured. After 8 weeks of supplementation, the plasma concentration of the following carotenoids increased significantly: α-carotene increased from 59.6 ± 22.4 nmol/L to 85.7 ± 24.2 nmol/L (p = 0.002), β-cryptoxanthin from 106.7 ± 39.8 nmol/L to 151.9 ± 57.9 nmol/L (p = 0.017), and lycopene from 1.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L to 1.7 ± 0.5 μmol/L (p = 0.005). Significant increases were also observed for plasma concentrations of vitamin C from 70 ± 20 μmol/L to 90 ± 10 μmol/L (p < 0.001), all-trans retinol from 1.99 ± 0.24 μmol/L to 2.30 ± 0.66 μmol/L (p = 0.015), and α-tocopherol from 27 ± 6 μmol/L to 32 ± 6 μmol/L (p = 0.008). For those micronutrients with accepted plasma reference ranges, all observed increases levelled off around the upper limit of the individual reference range. The data demonstrate that the investigated supplement is able to increase plasma concentrations of certain carotenoids and vitamins of healthy subjects within 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dams
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melina Tsiountsioura
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+® Science Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniela-Eugenia Malliga
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte Poncza
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonja Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Yvonne Jansenberger
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria
| | - Manfred Lamprecht
- Green Beat - Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Graz, Austria.,The Juice Plus+ Science Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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5
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Lorenzoni G, Minto C, Vecchio MG, Zec S, Paolin I, Lamprecht M, Mestroni L, Gregori D. Fruit and Vegetable Concentrate Supplementation and Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review from a Public Health Perspective. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1914. [PMID: 31717327 PMCID: PMC6912365 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (FV) are very important for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), but it has been demonstrated that FV consumption is below that recommended. Several companies have worked to offer FV concentrates, but it remains unclear whether they represent a potentially effective means of reducing the burden of NCDs. The present study provides a systematic review aimed at assessing the effect of FV concentrate supplementation on select parameters that are known to be risk factors for NCDs. The systematic review was done according to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies were identified through the online databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The physiological parameters of interest were total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, plasmatic homocysteine, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index. Data extraction was performed in duplicate. The results of the systematic review provided input for a Markov chain simulation model aimed at estimating the public health consequences of various scenarios of FV concentrate utilization on NCDs burden. The present results suggest a positive and significant role of FV concentrate supplementation on select parameters known to affect the risk of NCDs. Such an effect might be hypothesized to turn into mitigation of the burden of those NCDs modulated by the physiological parameters analyzed in the present systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lorenzoni
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.L.); (S.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Clara Minto
- ZETA Research Ltd., 34129 Trieste, Italy; (C.M.); (M.G.V.)
| | | | - Slavica Zec
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.L.); (S.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Irene Paolin
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.L.); (S.Z.); (I.P.)
| | - Manfred Lamprecht
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- The Juice Plus+ Science Institute, Collierville 38017, TN, USA
| | - Luisa Mestroni
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora 80045, CO, USA;
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (G.L.); (S.Z.); (I.P.)
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Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6501046. [PMID: 28698768 PMCID: PMC5494111 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6501046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.
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7
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Iurlo A, De Giuseppe R, Sciumè M, Cattaneo D, Fermo E, De Vita C, Consonni D, Maiavacca R, Bamonti F, Gianelli U, Cortelezzi A. Oxidative status in treatment-naïve essential thrombocythemia: a pilot study in a single center. Hematol Oncol 2015; 35:335-340. [PMID: 26437571 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), due to pro-oxidant species [reactive oxygen species (ROS)] excess not counterbalanced by endogenous antioxidant molecules [e.g., reduced glutathione (GSH)], is involved in the pathogenesis of human cancers, but few data are available on essential thrombocythemia (ET). This study aims to investigate OS in ET off-therapy patients. Thirty ET treatment-naïve patients were compared with 26 age-matched and gender-matched controls. Serum ROS, urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, full blood GSH levels, and reduced/oxidized GSH ratio (GSH/GSSG) were measured. Data were adjusted for gender, age, JAK2 mutational status, smoking, dyslipidemia, or hypercholesterolemia requiring drug therapy, antiplatelet therapy, treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels, and absolute monocyte count. ROS and GSH levels were increased in both patients and controls. Patients showed increased GSSG (p = 0.05), reduced GSH/GSSG ratio (p = 0.08), and similar 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels when compared with controls. No differences in OS parameters were found between JAK2-positive and JAK2-negative patients. Confounding factors did not modify the results. Our study suggests an OS condition in a cohort of treatment-naïve ET patients, not associated with JAK2 mutational status or with chronic inflammation situation. GSH/GSSG ratio, altered in ET patients because of increased GSSG levels, showed the presence of higher GSH levels in ET than controls as a possible compensatory mechanism of an excess of pro-oxidant production. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Iurlo
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.,Oncohematology Unit of the Elderly, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milano, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Department of Hematology-Oncology and BMT Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariarita Sciumè
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Cattaneo
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Fermo
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia De Vita
- Department of Hematology-Oncology and BMT Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Maiavacca
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Department of Hematology-Oncology and BMT Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Gianelli
- Hematopathology Service, Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Agostino Cortelezzi
- Oncohematology Division, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore Policlinico Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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8
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Park E, Cho S, Lee JE, Lee SM, Kim Y, Go MS, Kim YJ, Jung IK, Auh JH, Choi HK, Kim JH. Effects of Korean black raspberry supplementation on oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant capacity in healthy male smokers. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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9
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Bresciani L, Calani L, Cossu M, Mena P, Sayegh M, Ray S, Del Rio D. (Poly)phenolic characterization of three food supplements containing 36 different fruits, vegetables and berries. PHARMANUTRITION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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De Giuseppe R, Cossellu G, Vigna L, Dicorato F, De Vita C, Venturelli G, Bamonti F, Maiavacca R, Farronato G. Correlation between salivary and serum oxidized LDL levels: a pilot study on overweight/obese subjects. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 44:884-7. [PMID: 25816896 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva contains a variety of substances and could be functionally equivalent to serum in reflecting the physiological state of the body, including metabolic variations. Salivary samples are non-invasive, safe, and easier to handle than serum. Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) is an additional cardiovascular risk factor playing an important role in atheromatous plaque formation; overweight/obese subjects present an increase in oxLDL concentrations. The aims of the study were to assess oxLDL salivary levels, if detectable, and to verify their possible correlation with serum in overweight/obese subjects. METHODS Thirty-five consecutive overweight/obese subjects and 10 normal weight controls were enrolled. Serum and salivary oxLDL levels were measured by a commercial enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA method). RESULTS oxLDL levels were detectable in salivary samples and correlated (P = 0.001) with serum levels. Overweight/obese subjects showed serum and salivary oxLDL levels higher than controls (P = 0.000 and P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed the presence of oxLDL in salivary samples and highlighted a correlation between salivary oxLDL levels and their counterpart in serum. Moreover, salivary oxLDL levels were higher in overweight/obese subjects than in controls. Therefore, a salivary sample could be functionally equivalent to serum in monitoring cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- R De Giuseppe
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - G Cossellu
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - L Vigna
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Unit of Workers Health Protection and Promotion, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - F Dicorato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - C De Vita
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - G Venturelli
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - F Bamonti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - R Maiavacca
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - G Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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11
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Cighetti G, Bamonti F, Aman CS, Gregori D, De Giuseppe R, Novembrino C, de Liso F, Maiavacca R, Paroni R. Oxidative status in different settings and with different methodological approaches compared by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Clin Biochem 2014; 48:73-8. [PMID: 25305628 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the performance of different analytical approaches in highlighting the occurrence of deregulated redox status in various physio-pathological situations. DESIGN AND METHODS 35 light and 61 heavy smokers, 19 chronic renal failure, 59 kidney transplanted patients, and 87 healthy controls were retrospectively considered for the study. Serum oxidative stress and antioxidant status, assessed by spectrophotometric Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (d-ROMs) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) tests, respectively, were compared with plasma free (F-MDA) and total (T-MDA) malondialdehyde, both quantified by isotope-dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (ID-GC-MS). Sensitivity, specificity and cut-off points of T-MDA, F-MDA, d-ROMs and TAC were evaluated by both Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses and area under the ROC curve (AUC). RESULTS Only T-MDA assay showed a clear absence of oxidative stress in controls and significant increase in all patients (AUC 1.00, sensitivity and specificity 100%). Accuracy was good for d-ROMs (AUC 0.87, sensitivity 72.8%, specificity 100%) and F-MDA (AUC 0.82, sensitivity 74.7%, specificity 83.9%), but not high enough for TAC to show in patients impaired antioxidant defense (AUC 0.66, sensitivity 52.0%, specificity 92.9%). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals T-MDA as the best marker to detect oxidative stress, shows the ability of d-ROMs to identify modified oxidative status particularly in the presence of high damages, and evidences the poor TAC performance. d-ROMs and TAC assays could be useful for routine purposes; however, for an accurate clinical data evaluation, their comparison versus a "gold standard method" is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Cighetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; U.O. Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Caroline S Aman
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Unità di Biostatistica, Epidemiologia e Salute Pubblica, Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiologiche, Toraciche e Vascolari, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche ed Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; U.O. Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Novembrino
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica de Liso
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Maiavacca
- Laboratorio di Chimica Clinica e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Paroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, H San Paolo, Milano, Italy.
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Lerman RH, Desai A, Lamb JJ, Chang JL, Darland G, Konda VR. A Phytochemical-rich Multivitamin-multimineral Supplement Is Bioavailable and Reduces Serum Oxidized Low-density Lipoprotein, Myeloperoxidase, and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in a Four-week Pilot trial of Healthy Individuals. Glob Adv Health Med 2014; 3:34-9. [PMID: 24808980 PMCID: PMC4010963 DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2013.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multivitamin-multimineral supplement combined with a diverse blend of bioactive phytochemicals may provide additional antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory property for overall health. This convenient feature may be useful for individuals who want to increase their intake of phytochemicals. METHODS We conducted a pilot study in 15 healthy individuals (8 women and 7 men, mean age 41.7±14.9 years, mean body mass index 28.0±5.6) to investigate the effects of this novel formulation on biomarkers associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. After a 2-week diet that limited intake of fruits and vegetables to 2 servings/day, participants continued with the same restricted diet but began consuming 2 tablets of the study product for the subsequent 4 weeks. Fasting blood samples collected at Week 2 and Week 6 were analyzed and compared using paired t-tests for levels of carotenoids, folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine, oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (oxLDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), F2-isoprostane, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and myeloperoxidase. Noninvasive peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT) was also measured. RESULTS After 4 weeks of supplementation, plasma levels of carotenoids, folate, and vitamin B12, but not homocysteine, were significantly increased (P<.05). Serum levels of oxLDL, PAI-1 and myeloperoxidase were significantly reduced (P<.05), but F2-isoprostane, hs-CRP, and EndoPAT measures were unchanged compared with baseline. The study product was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS This nutritional supplement is bioavailable as indicated by the significant increase in plasma carotenoids, vitamin B12, and folate levels and may provide health benefits by significantly reducing serum levels of oxLDL, myeloperoxidase, and PAI-1 in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lerman
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington, United States
| | - Anuradha Desai
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington, United States
| | - Joseph J Lamb
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington, United States
| | - Jyh-Lurn Chang
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington, United States
| | - Gary Darland
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington, United States
| | - Veera R Konda
- Functional Medicine Research Center, Research and Development, Metagenics, Inc, Gig Harbor, Washington
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Lamprecht M, Obermayer G, Steinbauer K, Cvirn G, Hofmann L, Ledinski G, Greilberger JF, Hallstroem S. Supplementation with a juice powder concentrate and exercise decrease oxidation and inflammation, and improve the microcirculation in obese women: randomised controlled trial data. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:1685-95. [PMID: 23591157 PMCID: PMC3821373 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513001001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and sedentary lifestyle are associated with increased oxidative stress, inflammation and vessel dysfunction. Previous research has shown that an encapsulated fruit/berry/vegetable juice powder (FBV) supplement or controlled exercise training improve the markers of redox biology, low-grade inflammation and circulation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of 8 weeks of supplementation with FBV or placebo, and a single bout of controlled walking on the markers of oxidation, inflammation and skin capillary microcirculation in forty-two obese pre-menopausal women (41 (SD 5) years, non-smokers and BMI 34·5 (SD 3·8) kg/m(2)) using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. All assessments were made before and after 8 weeks of capsule supplementation, and pre- and post-30 min of controlled treadmill walking at 70 % of VO2max. Venous blood was collected for the determination of carbonyl proteins (CP), oxidised LDL (ox-LDL), total oxidation status (TOS) of lipids, malondialdehyde, TNF-α and IL-6. Capillary blood flow, O2 saturation of Hb (SO2Hb) and the relative concentration of Hb (rHb) were assessed at a 2 mm skin depth. Following 8 weeks of supplementation, compared with placebo, the FBV group had a significant (P< 0·05) reduction in CP, ox-LDL, TOS and TNF-α, and a significant increase in blood flow, SO2Hb and rHb. Independent of supplementation, moderate exercise significantly increased blood flow and rHb, with a trend towards increased SO2Hb. Compared with placebo, 8 weeks of supplementation with FBV decreased the markers of systemic oxidation and inflammation. Both FBV supplementation and a single walking bout improved the markers of the microcirculation in these obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Lamprecht
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Petersbergenstrasse 95b, 8042Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Obermayer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Nutrient Research and Sport Nutrition, Petersbergenstrasse 95b, 8042Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Steinbauer
- SportchirurgiePlus, Centre for Individual Sport Medicine and Surgery, Berthold Linderweg 15, 8047Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lidija Hofmann
- FH JOANNEUM, University of Applied Sciences, Eggenberger Allee 11, 8020Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ledinski
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim F. Greilberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Laboratory Sciences, Dr Greilberger GmbH, Hauptstrasse 140, 8301Laßnitzhöhe, Austria
| | - Seth Hallstroem
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Centre for Physiological Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
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14
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De Liso F, Bonara P, Vigna L, Novembrino C, De Giuseppe R, Bamonti F, Carbonelli V, Frugoni C, Tirelli A, Maiavacca R, Riboldi L. Oxidative Stress and Low-Grade Inflammatory Status as Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Italian Occupational Overweight/Obese Subjects. EUR J INFLAMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Adipocytokines (e.g. leptin), produced by the endocrine function of adipose tissue, can contribute to cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese people. Oxidative stress, imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, is considered a cardiovascular risk factor. High serum oxidized LDL (oxLDL) levels, marker of lipid peroxidation, a primary cause of atherosclerosis, can contribute to its progression. The aims of this study are to assess markers of oxidative status and cytokine profile and evaluate their role as cardiometabolic risk factors and possible correlations. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 76 occupational overweight-obese adults (46 females, 30 males; aged 46.8±9.5; BMI 33.7±4.8 kg/m2) without any previous cardiovascular disease. Oxidative status was measured by evaluating serum Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and oxLDL concentrations. All subjects' soluble cytokine and adhesion molecule levels were evaluated by cytofluorimetric method and compared with 35 controls matched for sex and age. ROS and oxLDL levels were high in 84% and 92% of the study population, respectively, despite adequate TAC (68%). Female ROS levels were significantly higher than those of males (414±99.3 vs 318±48.2 UCarr, p<0.0001), while their oxLDL levels were lower (95.3±22 vs 105.2±19.4 U/L, p=0.1). Leptin and sICAM-1 (intracellular adhesion molecule involved in leukocyte migration to inflamed area) levels of the study population were significantly higher than those of controls (93.8±89.1 vs 25.3±23 ng/mL, p=0.0002 and 505.8±236.7 vs 339.2±119.6 ng/mL, p=0.0009, respectively). Overweight/obese occupational subjects showed oxidative stress conditions accompanied by low chronic inflammatory status, possibly contributing to increased cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. De Liso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, UOC Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Bonara
- UO Mediana Interna 1b, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Vigna
- Dipartimento Area della Medicina Preventiva, U.O. Medicina del Lavoro 1, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Novembrino
- Laboratorio Centrale di Analisi Chimico Cliniche e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - R. De Giuseppe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, UOC Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Bamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, UOC Ematologia e CTMO, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - V. Carbonelli
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e del Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Frugoni
- UO Medicina Trasfusionale, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A.S. Tirelli
- Laboratorio Centrale di Analisi Chimico Cliniche e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - R. Maiavacca
- Laboratorio Centrale di Analisi Chimico Cliniche e Microbiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Riboldi
- Dipartimento Area della Medicina Preventiva, U.O. Medicina del Lavoro 1, Fondazione IRCCS Ca‘ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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15
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Bamonti F, Pellegatta M, Novembrino C, Vigna L, De Giuseppe R, de Liso F, Gregori D, Noce CD, Patrini L, Schiraldi G, Bonara P, Calvelli L, Maiavacca R, Cighetti G. An encapsulated juice powder concentrate improves markers of pulmonary function and cardiovascular risk factors in heavy smokers. J Am Coll Nutr 2013; 32:18-25. [PMID: 24015696 PMCID: PMC3996529 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2013.767652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced pulmonary function and increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study evaluated the effects of two different combinations of mixed fruit and vegetable juice powder concentrate (Juice Plus+, NSA, Collierville, TN) on heavy smokers. METHODS At baseline (T 0) and after 3 months' supplementation (T 1), pulmonary function parameters and cardiovascular risk factors-that is, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) with related B vitamins and cysteine (tCys) concentrations-were assessed in 75 apparently healthy smokers (aged 49.2 ± 10.6 years, >20 cigarettes/d, duration ≥10 years) randomized into 3 groups: placebo (P), fruit/vegetable (FV) and fruit/vegetable/berry (FVB). RESULTS T 0: most smokers showed abnormalities in tHcy and tCys concentrations. T 1: respiratory function was unchanged in P and slightly, but not significantly, improved in FV, whereas FVB showed a significant improvement in forced expiratory flow at 25% (FEF25; p < 0.0001 vs P and FV) and significant improvement in CO diffusion lung/alveolar volume (DLCO/VA). FV and FVB (50%) showed significant reduction in tHcy and tCys compared to T 0 ( p < 0.0001) and P ( p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS At T 1, both supplemented groups, but to a greater extent the FVB group, showed improvements in some pulmonary parameters, cardiovascular risk factors, and folate status. The beneficial effects of Juice Plus+ supplementation could potentially help smokers, even if smoking cessation is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Bamonti
- Dipartimento Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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Wang MY, Peng L, Weidenbacher-Hoper V, Deng S, Anderson G, West BJ. Noni juice improves serum lipid profiles and other risk markers in cigarette smokers. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:594657. [PMID: 23097636 PMCID: PMC3477557 DOI: 10.1100/2012/594657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress leads to dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation. Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit juice has been found previously to have a significant antioxidant activity. One hundred thirty-two adult heavy smokers completed a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of noni juice on serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine. Volunteers drank noni juice or a fruit juice placebo daily for one month. Drinking 29.5 mL to 188 mL of noni juice per day significantly reduced cholesterol levels, triglycerides, and hs-CRP. Decreases in LDL and homocysteine, as well increases in HDL, were also observed among noni juice drinkers. The placebo, which was devoid of iridoid glycosides, did not significantly influence blood lipid profiles or hs-CRP. Noni juice was able to mitigate cigarette smoke-induced dyslipidemia, an activity associated with the presence of iridoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian-Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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