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Röder L, Venegas ST, Wurst K, Magauer T. Synthesis of C3- epi-virenose and anomerically activated derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2024; 140:155041. [PMID: 38665383 PMCID: PMC7615872 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2024.155041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A 9-step synthetic route to a protected form of the C3-epimer of virenose from D-fucose is described. C3-epi-virenose is the carbohydrate unit of the bioactive polyketide elsamicin B and part of the carbohydrate unit of elsamicin A. The developed route enabled preparation of anomerically activated forms of this unique C6-deoxy sugar, including derivatives with 1-acetyl, 1-acetylthio, 1-trichloroacetimidate, 1-bromo, and 1-fluoro substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesa Röder
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sofia Torres Venegas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Department of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Magauer
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Solvent-Free Approaches in Carbohydrate Synthetic Chemistry: Role of Catalysis in Reactivity and Selectivity. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to their abundance in biomass and availability at a low cost, carbohydrates are very useful precursors for products of interest in a broad range of scientific applications. For example, they can be either converted into basic chemicals or used as chiral precursors for the synthesis of potentially bioactive molecules, even including nonsaccharide targets; in addition, there is also a broad interest toward the potential of synthetic sugar-containing structures in the field of functional materials. Synthetic elaboration of carbohydrates, in both the selective modification of functional groups and the assembly of oligomeric structures, is not trivial and often entails experimentally demanding approaches practiced by specialized groups. Over the last years, a large number of solvent-free synthetic methods have appeared in the literature, often being endowed with several advantages such as greenness, experimental simplicity, and a larger scope than analogous reactions in solution. Most of these methods are catalytically promoted, and the catalyst often plays a key role in the selectivity associated with the process. This review aims to describe the significant recent contributions in the solvent-free synthetic chemistry of carbohydrates, devoting a special critical focus on both the mechanistic role of the catalysts employed and the differences evidenced so far with corresponding methods in solution.
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Vessella G, Casillo A, Fabozzi A, Traboni S, Iadonisi A, Corsaro MM, Bedini E. Synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the cryoprotectant capsular polysaccharide from Colwellia psychrerythraea 34H. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3129-3140. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00104b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of the threonine-decorated tetrasaccharide repeating unit of a cryoprotectant polysaccharide with a glycosaminoglycan-like structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vessella
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Angela Casillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Antonio Fabozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Serena Traboni
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Alfonso Iadonisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Naples Federico II
- Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo
- I-80126 Napoli
- Italy
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Staroń J, Dąbrowski JM, Cichoń E, Guzik M. Lactose esters: synthesis and biotechnological applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2017; 38:245-258. [PMID: 28585445 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1332571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable nonionic sugar esters-based surfactants have been gaining more and more attention in recent years due to their chemical plasticity that enables the various applications of these molecules. In this review, various synthesis methods and biotechnological implications of lactose esters (LEs) uses are considered. Several chemical and enzymatic approaches are described for the synthesis of LEs, together with their applications, i.e. function in detergents formulation and as additives that not only stabilize food products but also protect food from undesired microbial contamination. Further, this article discusses medical applications of LEs in cancer treatment, especially their uses as biosensors, halogenated anticancer drugs, and photosensitizing agents for photodynamic therapy of cancer and photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Staroń
- a Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
| | | | - Ewelina Cichoń
- c Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
| | - Maciej Guzik
- c Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences , Kraków , Poland
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Giri SK, Gour R, Kartha KPR. Diazepinium perchlorate: a neutral catalyst for mild, solvent-free acetylation of carbohydrates and other substances. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28882k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazepinium perchlorate-promoted acetylation of free as well as partially protected sugars, phenols, thiophenols, thiols, other alcohols and amines is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Giri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- SAS Nagar
- India
| | - Rajesh Gour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- SAS Nagar
- India
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Spencer Knapp
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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Traboni S, Bedini E, Giordano M, Iadonisi A. Three Solvent-Free Catalytic Approaches to the Acetal Functionalization of Carbohydrates and Their Applicability to One-Pot Generation of Orthogonally Protected Building Blocks. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ono F, Hirata O, Ichimaru K, Saruhashi K, Watanabe H, Shinkai S. Mild One-Step Synthesis of 4,6-Benzylideneglycopyranosides from Aromatic Aldehydes and Gelation Abilities of the Glucose Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Giri SK, Kartha KPR. Acyl transfer reactions of carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols under green reaction conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16916f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl transfer reactions of various carbohydrates, alcohols, phenols, thiols and thiophenols were achieved at room temperature in high yields and catalytic efficiency in the presence of methane sulfonic acid, a green organic acid, under solvent-free conditions over short time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Giri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- India
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In(III) triflate-catalyzed detritylation and glycosylation by solvent-free ball milling. Carbohydr Res 2014; 397:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kumar V, Taxak N, Jangir R, Bharatam PV, Kartha KPR. In(III) triflate-mediated solvent-free synthesis and activation of thioglycosides by ball milling and structural analysis of long chain alkyl thioglycosides by TEM and quantum chemical methods. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3427-39. [PMID: 24669760 DOI: 10.1021/jo5001753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conventional solution-phase synthesis of thioglycosides from glycosyl acetates and thiols in the presence of In(III) triflate as reported for benzyl thioglucoside failed when applied to the synthesis of phenolic and alkyl thioglycosides. But, it was achieved in high efficiency and diastereospecificity with ease by solvent-free grinding in a ball mill. The acetates in turn were also obtained by the homogenization of free sugars with stoichiometric amounts of acetic anhydride and catalytic In(OTf)3 in the mill as neat products. Per-O-benzylated thioglycosides on grinding with an acceptor sugar in the presence of In(OTf)3 yield the corresponding O-glycosides efficiently. The latter in the case of a difficult secondary alcohol was nearly exclusive (>98%) in 1,2-cis-selectivity. In contrast, the conventional methods for this purpose require use of a coreagent such as NIS along with the Lewis acid to help generate the electrophilic species that actually is responsible for the activation of the thioglycoside donor in situ. The distinctly different self-assembling features of the peracetylated octadecyl 1-thio-α- and β-D-galactopyranosides observed by TEM could be rationalized by molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajinder Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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Giordano M, Iadonisi A, Pastore A. Regioselective Acetolysis of HighlyO-Benzylated Carbohydrates Promoted by Iodine or an Iodine/Silane Combined Reagent: Use of Isopropenyl Acetate as an Alternative to Acetic Anhydride. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2007-2008. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:183-311. [PMID: 21850673 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fifth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2008. The first section of the review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, use of derivatives and new software developments for analysis of carbohydrate spectra. Among newer areas of method development are glycan arrays, MALDI imaging and the use of ion mobility spectrometry. The second section of the review discusses applications of MALDI MS to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, biopharmaceuticals, glycated proteins, glycolipids, glycosides and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing and a section on the use of MALDI MS to monitor products of the chemical synthesis of carbohydrates with emphasis on carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers. Corresponding analyses by electrospray ionization now appear to outnumber those performed by MALDI and the amount of literature makes a comprehensive review on this technique impractical. However, most of the work relating to sample preparation and glycan synthesis is equally relevant to electrospray and, consequently, those proposing analyses by electrospray should also find material in this review of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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Ch R, Tyagi M, Patil PR, Ravindranathan Kartha K. DABCO: an efficient promoter for the acetylation of carbohydrates and other substances under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Using In(III) as a promoter for glycosylation. Carbohydr Res 2011; 347:142-6. [PMID: 22094006 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
InCl(3), InBr(3), and In(OTf)(3) were tested as promoters in the preparation of glycosides from trichloroacetimidate precursors. A range of protecting groups and of alcohol acceptors were used to determine the versatility of these promoters. Disaccharide formation was demonstrated. In most cases, the In(III) compounds were shown to promote glycosylation better than the widely used promoter BF(3)·OEt(2).
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Giri SK, Ravindranathan Kartha KP. Indium(III) Triflate–Mediated One-Step Preparation of Glycosyl Halides from Free Sugars. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910903419886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Golden KC, Gregg BT, Quinn JF. Mild, versatile, and chemoselective indium(III) triflate-catalyzed deprotection of acetonides under microwave heating conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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