1
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Szpara R, Goyder A, Porter MJ, Hailes HC, Sheppard TD. Regioselective Dehydration of Sugar Thioacetals under Mild Conditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:2488-2492. [PMID: 33729808 PMCID: PMC8041386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Sugars
are abundant in waste biomass, making them sustainable chiral
building blocks for organic synthesis. The demand for chiral saturated
heterocyclic rings for pharmaceutical applications is increasing as
they provide well-defined three-dimensional frameworks that show increased
metabolic resistance. A range of sugar thioacetals can be dehydrated
selectively at C-2 under mild basic conditions, and the resulting
ketene thioacetals can be applied to the production of useful chiral
building blocks via further selective dehydration reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Szpara
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Alexander Goyder
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Michael J Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Helen C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Tom D Sheppard
- Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
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2
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Ratthachag T, Buntasana S, Vilaivan T, Padungros P. Surfactant-mediated thioglycosylation of 1-hydroxy sugars in water. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:822-836. [PMID: 33403378 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02246b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thioglycosides are an important class of sugars, since they can be used as non-ionic biosurfactants, biomimetic glycosides, and building blocks for carbohydrate synthesis. Previously, Brønsted- or Lewis-acid-catalyzed dehydrative glycosylations between a 1-hydroxy sugar and a thiol have been reported to yield open-chain dithioacetal sugars as the major products instead of the desired thioglycosides. These dithioacetal sugars are by-products derived from the endocyclic bond cleavage of the thioglycosides. Herein, we report dehydrative glycosylation in water mediated by a Brønsted acid-surfactant combined catalyst (BASC). Glycosylations between 1-hydroxy furanosyl/pyranosyl sugars and primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic/aromatic thiols in the presence of dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) provided the thioglycoside products in moderate to good yields. Microwave irradiation led to improvements in the yields and a shortening of the reaction time. Remarkably, open-chain dithioacetal sugars were not detected in the DBSA-mediated glycosylations in water. This method is a simple, convenient, and rapid approach to produce a library of thioglycosides without the requirement of anhydrous conditions. Moreover, this work also provides an excellent example of complementary reactivity profiles of glycosylation in organic solvents and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trichada Ratthachag
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supanat Buntasana
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Tirayut Vilaivan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Panuwat Padungros
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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3
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Villadsen K, Martos-Maldonado MC, Jensen KJ, Thygesen MB. Chemoselective Reactions for the Synthesis of Glycoconjugates from Unprotected Carbohydrates. Chembiochem 2017; 18:574-612. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Villadsen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Faculty of Science; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Manuel C. Martos-Maldonado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Faculty of Science; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Faculty of Science; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Mikkel B. Thygesen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Copenhagen; Faculty of Science; Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark
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4
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Conformational and reactivity study of dithiophenyl-fucosyl ketals with theoretical chemical methods. J Mol Model 2016; 22:212. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Long DE, Karmakar P, Wall KA, Sucheck SJ. Synthesis of α-L-rhamnosyl ceramide and evaluation of its binding with anti-rhamnose antibodies. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5279-89. [PMID: 25172148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An α-L-rhamnosyl ceramide (1, α-L-RhaCer) has been prepared that was recognized by anti-L-rhamnose (anti-Rha) antibodies. During these studies we explored the use of an α-L-rhamnosyl thioglycoside and a trichloroacetimidate as a glycosyl donors. Subsequently, the acceptors desired for glycosylation, 3-O-benzoylazidosphingosine or 3-O-alloxycarbonylsphingosine, were prepared from D-xylose. The thioglycoside donor, 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-1-(4-tolyl)thio-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, and the trichloroacetimidate donor, 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-1-(2,2,2-trichloroethanimidate)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, were synthesized in 50% and 78% yield overall, respectively. The synthesis of the glycosylation acceptor employed an addition-fragmentation olefination that was successfully carried out in 53% yield. With the successful synthesis of key intermediates, α-L-RhaCer (1) was prepared without any insurmountable obstacles. Anti-Rha antibodies were prepared in BALB/c mice by immunizing them with rhamnose-ovalbumin (Rha-Ova) with Sigma Adjuvant System (SAS) and the anti-L-Rha antibodies were isolated from the blood sera. Liposomes and EL4 tumor cells were used as model systems to demonstrate the ability of 1 to insert into a lipid bilayer. The interaction of the liposomes or the EL4 cells with α-L-RhaCer (1) and anti-Rha antibodies were investigated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, respectively, to confirm the ability of glycolipid 1 to be displayed on the tumor cell surface as well as the ability to be recognized by anti-Rha antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Long
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, MS602, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Partha Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, MS602, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Katherine A Wall
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, MS602, Toledo, OH 43606, United States.
| | - Steven J Sucheck
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, MS602, Toledo, OH 43606, United States.
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6
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Nepogodiev SA, Fais M, Hughes DL, Field RA. Synthesis of apiose-containing oligosaccharide fragments of the plant cell wall: fragments of rhamnogalacturonan-II side chains A and B, and apiogalacturonan. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6670-84. [PMID: 21847487 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05587a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fragments of pectic polysaccharides rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) and apiogalacturonan were synthesised using p-tolylthio apiofuranoside derivatives as key building blocks. Apiofuranose thioglycosides can be conveniently prepared by cyclization of the corresponding dithioacetals possessing a 2,3-O-isopropylidene group, which is required for preservation of the correct (3R) configuration of the apiofuranose ring. The remarkable stability of this protecting group in apiofuranose derivatives requires its replacement with a more reactive protecting group, such as a benzylidene acetal which was used in the synthesis of trisaccharide β-Rhap-(1→3')-β-Apif-(1→2)-α-GalAp-OMe. The X-ray crystal structure of the protected precursor of this trisaccharide has been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Nepogodiev
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK NR4 7UH.
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7
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Yoshida N, Noguchi M, Tanaka T, Matsumoto T, Aida N, Ishihara M, Kobayashi A, Shoda SI. Direct Dehydrative Pyridylthio-Glycosidation of Unprotected Sugars in Aqueous Media Using 2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Chloride as a Condensing Agent. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1876-85. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Bromodimethylsulfonium bromide (BDMS) mediated dithioacetalization of carbohydrates under solvent-free conditions. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:2139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Tanaka T, Matsumoto T, Noguchi M, Kobayashi A, Shoda SI. Direct Transformation of Unprotected Sugars to Aryl 1-Thio-β-glycosides in Aqueous Media Using 2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium Chloride. CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2009.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Fragoso-Serrano M, Guillén-Jaramillo G, Pereda-Miranda R, Cerda-García-Rojas CM. Conformational analysis of sulfur-containing 6-deoxy-l-hexose derivatives by molecular modeling and NMR spectroscopy. A theoretical study and experimental evidence of intramolecular nonbonded interactions between sulfur and oxygen. J Org Chem 2003; 68:7167-75. [PMID: 12968866 DOI: 10.1021/jo034492k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
6-Deoxy-l-mannose diphenyldithioacetal (1) unexpectedly gave the rearranged products phenyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-S-phenyl-1,2-dithio-6-deoxy-beta-l-glucopyranoside (9) and 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,5-anhydro-6-deoxy-l-glucose diphenyldithioacetal (10) upon treatment with acetyl chloride, while 6-deoxy-l-mannose ethylenedithioacetal (3) yielded (4aR,6S,7S,8R,8aS)-7,8-diacetyloxy-6-methylhexahydro-4aH-[1,4]dithiino[2,3b]pyran (11), whose structure was further confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2,5-anhydro-l-rhamnose ethylenedithioacetal (12). The geometry of the four rearranged products as well as that of 1-thio-6-deoxy-l-mannopyranosides 5 and 7 and their acetyl derivatives 6 and 8 was studied by density functional theory (B3LYP/6-31G) molecular models, in combination with a Karplus-type analysis of the NMR vicinal coupling constants, revealing that the six-membered ring of pyranosides 5-9 and 11 exists in a slightly distorted chair conformation (6-13% distortion) and that the conformational behavior of the 2,5-anhydro-6-deoxy-l-glucose dithioacetals 10 and 12 is strongly influenced by the presence of stabilizing intramolecular nonbonded sulfur-oxygen 1,4- and 1,5-interactions. Compounds 9-12 were formed by a molecular rearrangement via sulfonium ion intermediates followed by stereoselective intramolecular cyclizations as formulated by the quantum chemical calculations performed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Fragoso-Serrano
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14-740, Mexico City 07000, Mexico
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11
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Application of molecular mechanics in the total stereochemical elucidation of spicigerolide, a cytotoxic 6-tetraacetyloxyheptenyl-5,6-dihydro-α-pyrone from Hyptis spicigera. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00987-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Yanase M, Funabashi M. Stereoselective 1,2-CIS-1-Thioglycosidation of Aldohexoses withTert-Butyl Mercaptan in 90% Trifluoroacetic Acid. J Carbohydr Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/07328300008544064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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