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Rocha Aguiar G, Leda Gomes de Lemos T, Braz-Filho R, Marques da Fonseca A, Silva Marinho E, Vasconcelos Ribeiro PR, Marques Canuto K, Queiroz Monte FJ. Synthesis and in silico study of chenodeoxycholic acid and its analogues as an alternative inhibitor of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8334-8348. [PMID: 36218138 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2133010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a viral infection that has generated one of the most significant health problems in the world. Spike glycoprotein is a crucial enzyme in viral replication and transcription mediation. There are reports in the literature on using bile acid in the fight against this virus through in vitro tests. This work presents the synthesis of nine chenodeoxycholic acid derivatives (1-9), which were prepared by oxidation, acetylation, formylation, and esterification reactions, and the analogs 6-9 have not yet been reported in the literature and the possibility of conducting an in silico study of bile acid derivatives as a therapeutic alternative to combat the virus using glycoprotein as a macromolecular target. As a result, five compounds (1, 6-9) possessed favorable competitive interactions with the lowest energies compared to the native ligand (BLA), and the highlighted compound 9 got the best scores. At the same time, analog 1 presented the best ADME filter result. Molecular dynamics also simulated these compounds to verify their stability within the active protein site to seek new therapeutic propositions to fight against the pandemic. Physical and spectroscopic data have fully characterized all the compounds.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Rocha Aguiar
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | | | - Raimundo Braz-Filho
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil
| | - Aluísio Marques da Fonseca
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção-CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte-CE, Brazil
| | | | - Kirley Marques Canuto
- Laboratório multiusuário de Química de Produtos Naturais, Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
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2
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de Souza Aquino J, Batista KS, Araujo-Silva G, dos Santos DC, de Brito NJN, López JA, da Silva JA, das Graças Almeida M, Pincheira CG, Magnani M, de Pontes Pessoa DCN, Stamford TLM. Antioxidant and Lipid-Lowering Effects of Buriti Oil (Mauritia flexuosa L.) Administered to Iron-Overloaded Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062585. [PMID: 36985557 PMCID: PMC10056315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of oral ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) doses induces significant oxidative damage to health. However, carotene-rich foods such as buriti oil can help the endogenous antioxidant defense and still maintain other body functions. This study aimed to assess the effects of buriti oil intake in iron-overloaded rats by FeSO4 administration. Buriti oil has β-carotene (787.05 mg/kg), α-tocopherol (689.02 mg/kg), and a predominance of monounsaturated fatty acids (91.30 g/100 g). Wistar rats (n = 32) were subdivided into two control groups that were fed a diet containing either soybean or buriti oil; and two groups which received a high daily oral dose of FeSO4 (60 mg/kg body weight) and fed a diet containing either soybean (SFe) or buriti oil (Bfe). The somatic and hematological parameters, serum lipids, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined after 17 days of iron overload. Somatic parameters were similar among groups. BFe showed a decrease in low-density lipoprotein (38.43%) and hemoglobin (7.51%); an increase in monocytes (50.98%), SOD activity in serum (87.16%), and liver (645.50%) hepatic GPx (1017.82%); and maintained serum GPx compared to SFe. Buriti oil showed systemic and hepatic antioxidant protection in iron-overloaded rats, which may be related to its high carotenoid, tocopherol, and fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Kamila Sabino Batista
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Araujo-Silva
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
- Experimental Nutrition Research Group, Vive Sano University Institute (IUVS), São Paulo 04304-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Darlan Coutinho dos Santos
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge A. López
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - João Andrade da Silva
- Department of Food Technology, Center for Technology and Regional Development, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Carla Guzmán Pincheira
- Experimental Nutrition Research Group, Vive Sano University Institute (IUVS), São Paulo 04304-000, SP, Brazil
- College of Health Care Sciences, Concepción Campus, San Sebastian University, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Laboratory of Microbial Processes in Food, Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
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Adedayo A, Famuti A. In-silico studies of Momordica charantia extracts as potential candidates against SARS-CoV-2 targeting human main protease enzyme (M pro). INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2023; 38:101216. [PMID: 36935867 PMCID: PMC10008047 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Momordica charintia, a well-known plant called bitter melon, has been shown to have antibacterial, anti-diabetic, and antiviral properties against HIV infection. The goal of this work was to investigate the inhibitory effect of phytocompounds found in Momordica charintia leaf extracts on SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease (also known as the Main protease, Mpro) utilizing GC-MS analysis and molecular docking studies. The Crystal Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease in complex with an inhibitor N3 was downloaded from RCSB using PDB ID 6LU7 with resolution: 2.16 Å. In the present study, in silico molecular docking analysis of phytoconstituents present in M. charantia methanolic leaf extract detected by GC-MS was studied against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The results revealed 13 phytochemical constituents derived from the GC-MS analysis. Quercetin 3-galactopyranoside, Rutin, and Hyperin were ranked the highest with binding scores ranging from -8.9 kcal/mol to -8.5 kcal/mol compared with the standard, Nirmatrelvir, with a binding score of -7.7 kcal/mol. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that Quercetin 3-galactopyranoside, Rutin, and Hyperin act against Covid-19 by inhibiting the SARS-COV-2 Mpro and therefore can be further developed into potent drugs for Covid-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Adedayo
- Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba Akoko, Department of Biochemistry, Nigeria
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Hussain A, Kausar T, Sehar S, Sarwar A, Quddoos MY, Aslam J, Liaqat A, Siddique T, An QU, Kauser S, Rehman A, Nisar R. A review on biochemical constituents of pumpkin and their role as pharma foods; a key strategy to improve health in post COVID 19 period. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023; 5:22. [PMCID: PMC10030350 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Progression of today’s world has been given setback due to the adversity of a novel, viral, deadly outbreak COVID 19, which raised the concerns of the scientists, researchers and health related officials about the inherent and adaptive immune system of the living body and its relation with healthy diet balanced with pharma foods. Now world is coming out of the destructive pandemic era, the choice of right food can help to build and boost adaptive immunity and pumpkin due to excellent profile of functional and nutraceutical constituents could be the part of both infected and non-infected person’s daily diet. Vitamins like A, C and E, minerals like zinc, iron and selenium, essential oils, peptides, carotenoids and polysaccharides present in pumpkin could accommodate the prevailing deficiencies in the body to fought against the viral pathogens. In current post COVID 19 scenario adequate supply of healthy diet, balanced with pharma foods could play a basic role in boosting immune system of the populations. This review covers the pharmacological activities of pumpkin functional constituents in relation with COVID 19 pandemic. Pumpkins are well equipped with nutraceuticals and functional bioactives like tocopherols, polyphenols, terpenoids and lutein therefore, consumption and processing of this remarkable vegetable could be encouraged as pharma food due to its antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Need of healthy eating in current post COVID 19 period is very crucial for healthy population, and medicinal foods like pumpkin could play a vital role in developing a healthy community around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Hussain
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Punjab Food Authority, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tusneem Kausar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sawera Sehar
- grid.440564.70000 0001 0415 4232Department of Zoology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sarwar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf Quddoos
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jawed Aslam
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Atif Liaqat
- grid.510450.5Institute of Food Science and Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Qurat Ul An
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Samina Kauser
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Nisar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Medicinal Plants in Peru as a Source of Immunomodulatory Drugs Potentially Useful Against COVID-19. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2023; 33:237-258. [PMID: 36855527 PMCID: PMC9948797 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic, characterized by a highly contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome, led us to look for medicinal plants as an alternative to obtain new drugs, especially those with immunomodulatory abilities, capable of acting against the pulmonary infection caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite medical advances with COVID-19 drugs and vaccines, plant-based compounds could provide an array of suitable candidates to test against this virus, or at the very least, to alleviate some symptoms. Therefore, this review explores some plants widely used in Peru that show immunomodulatory properties or, even more, contain phytoconstituents potentially useful to prevent or alleviate the COVID-19 infection. More interestingly, the present review highlights relevant information from those plants to support the development of new drugs to boost the immune system. We used three criteria to choose nine vegetal species, and a descriptive search was then conducted from 1978 to 2021 on different databases, using keywords focused on the immune system that included information such as pharmacological properties, phytochemical, botanical, ethnobotanical uses, and some clinical trials. From these literature data, our results displayed considerable immunomodulation activity along with anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumoral activities. Noticeably, these pharmacological activities are related with a wide variety of bioactive phytoconstituents (mixtures or isolated compounds) which may be beneficial in modulating the overt inflammatory response in severe COVID-19. Further scientific research on the pharmacological activities and clinical utilization of these potential plants are warranted. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-023-00367-w.
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Gao K, Wang R, Chen J, Cheng L, Frishcosy J, Huzumi Y, Qiu Y, Schluckbier T, Wei X, Wei GW. Methodology-Centered Review of Molecular Modeling, Simulation, and Prediction of SARS-CoV-2. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11287-11368. [PMID: 35594413 PMCID: PMC9159519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite tremendous efforts in the past two years, our understanding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), virus-host interactions, immune response, virulence, transmission, and evolution is still very limited. This limitation calls for further in-depth investigation. Computational studies have become an indispensable component in combating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to their low cost, their efficiency, and the fact that they are free from safety and ethical constraints. Additionally, the mechanism that governs the global evolution and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 cannot be revealed from individual experiments and was discovered by integrating genotyping of massive viral sequences, biophysical modeling of protein-protein interactions, deep mutational data, deep learning, and advanced mathematics. There exists a tsunami of literature on the molecular modeling, simulations, and predictions of SARS-CoV-2 and related developments of drugs, vaccines, antibodies, and diagnostics. To provide readers with a quick update about this literature, we present a comprehensive and systematic methodology-centered review. Aspects such as molecular biophysics, bioinformatics, cheminformatics, machine learning, and mathematics are discussed. This review will be beneficial to researchers who are looking for ways to contribute to SARS-CoV-2 studies and those who are interested in the status of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifu Gao
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Limei Cheng
- Clinical
Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Bristol
Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08536, United States
| | - Jaclyn Frishcosy
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Yuta Huzumi
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Yuchi Qiu
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Tom Schluckbier
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Xiaoqi Wei
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Guo-Wei Wei
- Department
of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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7
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Lokhande K, Nawani N, K. Venkateswara S, Pawar S. Biflavonoids from Rhus succedanea as probable natural inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2: a molecular docking and molecular dynamics approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:4376-4388. [PMID: 33300454 PMCID: PMC7738212 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1858165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has quickly become a worldwide pandemic and generated panic threats for both the human population and the global economy. The unavailability of effective vaccines or drugs has enforced researchers to hunt for a potential drug to combat this virus. Plant-derived phytocompounds are of applicable interest in the search for novel drugs. Bioflavonoids from Rhus succedanea are already reported to exert antiviral activity against RNA viruses. SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease plays a vital role in viral replication and therefore can be considered as a promising target for drug development. A computational approach has been employed to search for promising potent bioflavonoids from Rhus succedanea against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease. Binding affinities and binding modes between the biflavonoids and Mpro enzyme suggest that all six biflavonoids exhibit possible interaction with the Mpro catalytic site (-19.47 to -27.04 kcal/mol). However, Amentoflavone (-27.04 kcal/mol) and Agathisflavone (-25.87 kcal/mol) interact strongly with the catalytic residues. Molecular dynamic simulations (100 ns) further revealed that these two biflavonoids complexes with the Mpro enzyme are highly stable and are of less conformational fluctuations. Also, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface mapping on the Mpro structure as well as biflavonoids were utilized for the further lead optimization process. Altogether, our findings showed that these natural biflavonoids can be utilized as promising SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors and thus, the computational approach provides an initial footstep towards experimental studies in in vitro and in vivo, which is necessary for the therapeutic development of novel and safe drugs to control SARS-CoV-2. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. SarmaResearch highlightsRhus succedanea biflavonoids have antiviral activity.The molecular interactions and molecular dynamics displayed that all six biflavonoids bound with a good affinity to the same catalytic site of Mpro.The compound Amentoflavone has a strong binding affinity (-27.0441 kcal/mol) towards Mpro.The binding site properties of SARS-CoV-2-Mpro can be utilized in a novel discovery and lead optimization of the SARS-CoV-2-Mpro inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Lokhande
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, India
| | - Neelu Nawani
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Microbial Diversity Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, India
| | - Swamy K. Venkateswara
- Bioinformatics Research Group, MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences & Research, MIT-ADT University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sarika Pawar
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Microbial Diversity Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, India
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Johnson TO, Adegboyega AE, Ojo OA, Yusuf AJ, Iwaloye O, Ugwah-Oguejiofor CJ, Asomadu RO, Chukwuma IF, Ejembi SA, Ugwuja EI, Alotaibi SS, Albogami SM, Batiha GES, Rajab BS, Conte-Junior CA. A Computational Approach to Elucidate the Interactions of Chemicals From Artemisia annua Targeted Toward SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibition for COVID-19 Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:907583. [PMID: 35783612 PMCID: PMC9240657 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.907583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory potential of Artemisia annua, a well-known antimalarial herb, against several viruses, including the coronavirus, is increasingly gaining recognition. The plant extract has shown significant activity against both the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the novel SARS-CoV-2 that is currently ravaging the world. It is therefore necessary to evaluate individual chemicals of the plant for inhibitory potential against SARS-CoV-2 for the purpose of designing drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. In this study, we employed computational techniques comprising molecular docking, binding free energy calculations, pharmacophore modeling, induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET predictions to identify potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) from 168 bioactive compounds of Artemisia annua. Rhamnocitrin, isokaempferide, kaempferol, quercimeritrin, apigenin, penduletin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, luteolin-7-glucoside, and isorhamnetin were ranked the highest, with docking scores ranging from −7.84 to −7.15 kcal/mol compared with the −6.59 kcal/mol demonstrated by the standard ligand. Rhamnocitrin, Isokaempferide, and kaempferol, like the standard ligand, interacted with important active site amino acid residues like HIS 41, CYS 145, ASN 142, and GLU 166, among others. Rhamnocitrin demonstrated good stability in the active site of the protein as there were no significant conformational changes during the simulation process. These compounds also possess acceptable druglike properties and a good safety profile. Hence, they could be considered for experimental studies and further development of drugs against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Jaris Computational Biology Centre, Jos, Nigeria
- *Correspondence: Titilayo Omolara Johnson
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Jaris Computational Biology Centre, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Amina Jega Yusuf
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Chinenye Jane Ugwah-Oguejiofor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Stephen Adakole Ejembi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Ike Ugwuja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M. Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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9
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Mujwar S, Sun L, Fidan O. In silico evaluation of food-derived carotenoids against SARS-CoV-2 drug targets: Crocin is a promising dietary supplement candidate for COVID-19. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14219. [PMID: 35545850 PMCID: PMC9348094 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID‐19 pandemic is severely threatening public healthcare systems around the globe. Some supporting therapies such as remdesivir, favipiravir, and ivermectin are still under the process of a clinical trial, it is thus urgent to find alternative treatment and prevention options for SARS‐CoV‐2. In this regard, although many natural products have been tested and/or suggested for the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID‐19, carotenoids as an important class of natural products were underexplored. The dietary supplementation of some carotenoids was already suggested to be potentially effective in the treatment of COVID‐19 due to their strong antioxidant properties. In this study, we performed an in silico screening of common food‐derived carotenoids against druggable target proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2 including main protease, helicase, replication complex, spike protein and its mutants for the recent variants of concern, and ADP‐ribose phosphatase. Molecular docking results revealed that some of the carotenoids had low binding energies toward multiple receptors. Particularly, crocin had the strongest binding affinity (−10.5 kcal/mol) toward the replication complex of SARS‐CoV‐2 and indeed possessed quite low binding energy scores for other targets as well. The stability of crocin in the corresponding receptors was confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations. Our study, therefore, suggests that carotenoids, especially crocin, can be considered an effective alternative therapeutics and a dietary supplement candidate for the prophylaxis and treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdutt Mujwar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ozkan Fidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Turkey
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10
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Ferreira MOG, Ribeiro AB, Rizzo MS, de Jesus Oliveira AC, Osajima JA, Estevinho LM, Silva-Filho EC. Potential Wound Healing Effect of Gel Based on Chicha Gum, Chitosan, and Mauritia flexuosa Oil. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040899. [PMID: 35453649 PMCID: PMC9025394 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wounds are considered a clinically critical issue, and effective treatment will decrease complications, prevent chronic wound formation, and allow rapid healing. The development of products based on naturally occurring materials is an efficient approach to wound healing. Natural polysaccharides can mimic the extracellular matrix and promote cell growth, thus making them attractive for wound healing. In this context, the aim of this work was to produce a gel based on chicha gum, chitosan, and Mauritia flexuosa oil (CGCHO) for wound treatment. TG and DTG analyzed the thermal behavior of the materials, and SEM investigated the surface roughness. The percentages of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidants were determined, presenting a value of 81.811 ± 7.257 µmol gallic acid/g Mauritia flexuosa oil, 57.915 ± 0.305 µmol quercetin/g Mauritia flexuosa oil, and 0.379 mg/mL, respectively. The anti-inflammatory was determined, presenting a value of 10.35 ± 1.46% chicha gum, 16.86 ± 1.00% Mauritia flexuosa oil, 10.17 ± 1.05% CGCHO, and 15.53 ± 0.65% chitosan, respectively. The materials were tested against Gram-negative (Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and a fungus (Candida albicans). The CGCHO formulation showed better antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, an in vivo wound healing study was also performed. After 21 days of treatment, the epidermal re-epithelialization process was observed. CGCHO showed good thermal stability and roughness that can help in cell growth and promote the tissue healing process. In addition to the good results observed for the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and providing wound healing, they provided the necessary support for the healing process, thus representing a new approach to the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Onaira Gonçalves Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.O.G.F.); (M.S.R.); (A.C.d.J.O.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Alessandra Braga Ribeiro
- CBQF–Centre of Biotechnology and Fine Chemistry–Associate Laboratory, Faculty of Biotechnology, Catholic University of Portugal, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Marcia S. Rizzo
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.O.G.F.); (M.S.R.); (A.C.d.J.O.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Antonia Carla de Jesus Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.O.G.F.); (M.S.R.); (A.C.d.J.O.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Josy Anteveli Osajima
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.O.G.F.); (M.S.R.); (A.C.d.J.O.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Leticia M. Estevinho
- Mountain Research Center, CIMO, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.M.E.); (E.C.S.-F.)
| | - Edson C. Silva-Filho
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Campus Universitario Ministro Petrônio Portella, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.O.G.F.); (M.S.R.); (A.C.d.J.O.); (J.A.O.)
- Correspondence: (L.M.E.); (E.C.S.-F.)
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11
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Ramos-Escudero F, Gómez-Coca RB, Muñoz AM, Fuente-Carmelino LDL, Pérez-Camino MDC. Oil From Three Aguaje Morphotypes (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) Extracted by Supercritical Fluid With CO2: Chemical Composition and Chromatic Properties. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.843772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and CIELAB color parameters of oil from three aguaje morphotypes (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated. By chromatography (HPLC and GC), spectrometry (UV/vis), and digital image colorimetry (digital camera), carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, fatty acids, total polyphenols, and CIELAB color space were analyzed. These findings showed that the oil obtained from morphotype 3 was superior in several analytes (carotenoids, polyphenols, oleic acid, β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol), while morphotype 2 and morphotype 1 showed very close profiles. The most similar chemical components in the oils of the three morphotypes were stigmasterol (16.00 to 17.81%), β-sitosterol (66.39 to 68.94%), palmitic acid (15.56 to 20.69%), and oleic acid (73.29 to 79.54%). The chromatic parameters (L*, a*, b*, and Cab*) were quite different except for the hue angle (hab) (66.55 to 69.71 U), which showed some similarity. Aguaje oil is an interesting resource that stands out for its high content of carotenoids. All three morphotypes may be suitable for potential commercial applications.
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12
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Quintero-Angel M, Martínez-Girón J, Orjuela-Salazar S. Agroindustrial valorization of the pulp and peel, seed, flour, and oil of moriche ( Mauritia flexuosa) from the Bita River, Colombia: a potential source of essential fatty acids. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2022; 13:1-9. [PMID: 35039789 PMCID: PMC8754474 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-022-02298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of the agricultural frontier in the eastern llanos region of Colombia has endangered the moriche palm (Mauritia flexuosa) which has an important ecological function and provides various ecosystem services. In particular, the moriche that grows in this region is wild and has been little studied; therefore, there are no reports of its potential as a source of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, information that could be useful for the conservation of the species. This study performed a physicochemical characterization of the oil extracted from the dried pulp of moriche and identified the fatty acids present in the oil, pulp and peel, seed, and flour of this fruit from the Bita River Basin, Vichada, Colombia. The fatty acid composition was characterized by gas chromatography, including physicochemical tests of interest in the oil according to AOCS protocols. The results showed that the highest fatty acid content was found in the extracted oil, with a distribution of 81.64% unsaturated fat and 18.36% saturated fat. These fats included 79.20% oleic acid (omega-9), 0.26% palmitoleic acid (omega-7), 1.01% linoleic acid (omega-6), 1% linolenic acid (omega-3), 16.91% palmitic acid, and 1.33% stearic acid. We conclude that moriche from Bita Basin is an oleaginous fruit due to its high nutritional value in terms of unsaturated fatty acids and that both the flour and the oil obtained are bioproducts with potential industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Quintero-Angel
- Universidad del Valle-sede Palmira, Carrera 31A No. 60 – 135, Valle del Cauca Palmira, Colombia
| | - Jader Martínez-Girón
- Universidad del Valle-sede Palmira, Carrera 31A No. 60 – 135, Valle del Cauca Palmira, Colombia
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13
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Lochab A, Thareja R, Gadre SD, Saxena R. Potential Protein and Enzyme Targets for In‐silico Development and Repurposing of Drug Against Coronaviruses. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Lochab
- Department of Chemistry Kirori Mal College University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Rakhi Thareja
- Department of Chemistry St. Stephens College University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Sangeeta D. Gadre
- Department of Physics Kirori Mal College University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Reena Saxena
- Department of Chemistry Kirori Mal College University of Delhi Delhi India
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14
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Khalil A, Tazeddinova D, Aljoumaa K, Kazhmukhanbetkyzy ZA, Orazov A, Toshev AD. Carotenoids: Therapeutic Strategy in the Battle against Viral Emerging Diseases, COVID-19: An Overview. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:241-261. [PMID: 34737985 PMCID: PMC8531419 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids, a group of phytochemicals, are naturally found in the Plant kingdom, particularly in fruits, vegetables, and algae. There are more than 600 types of carotenoids, some of which are thought to prevent disease, mainly through their antioxidant properties. Carotenoids exhibit several biological and pharmaceutical benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunity booster properties, particularly as some carotenoids can be converted into vitamin A in the body. However, humans cannot synthesize carotenoids and need to obtain them from their diets or via supplementation. The emerging zoonotic virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), originated in bats, and was transmitted to humans. COVID-19 continues to cause devastating international health problems worldwide. Therefore, natural preventive therapeutic strategies from bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, should be appraised for strengthening physiological functions against emerging viruses. This review summarizes the most important carotenoids for human health and enhancing immunity, and their potential role in COVID-19 and its related symptoms. In conclusion, promising roles of carotenoids as treatments against emerging disease and related symptoms are highlighted, most of which have been heavily premeditated in studies conducted on several viral infections, including COVID-19. Further in vitro and in vivo research is required before carotenoids can be considered as potent drugs against such emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Khalil
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Diana Tazeddinova
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Khaled Aljoumaa
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ayan Orazov
- Higher School of Technologies of Food and Processing Productions, Zhangir Khan University, Uralsk 090009, The Republic of Kazakhstan
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15
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da Costa CHS, Dos Santos AM, Alves CN, Martí S, Moliner V, Santana K, Lameira J. Assessment of the PETase conformational changes induced by poly(ethylene terephthalate) binding. Proteins 2021; 89:1340-1352. [PMID: 34075621 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a bacterium strain of Ideonella sakaiensis was identified with the uncommon ability to degrade the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The PETase from I. sakaiensis strain 201-F6 (IsPETase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of PET converting it to mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalic acid (MHET), bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-TPA (BHET), and terephthalic acid (TPA). Despite the potential of this enzyme for mitigation or elimination of environmental contaminants, one of the limitations of the use of IsPETase for PET degradation is the fact that it acts only at moderate temperature due to its low thermal stability. Besides, molecular details of the main interactions of PET in the active site of IsPETase remain unclear. Herein, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were applied to analyze structural changes of IsPETase induced by PET binding. Results from the essential dynamics revealed that the β1-β2 connecting loop is very flexible. This loop is located far from the active site of IsPETase and we suggest that it can be considered for mutagenesis to increase the thermal stability of IsPETase. The free energy landscape (FEL) demonstrates that the main change in the transition between the unbound to the bound state is associated with the β7-α5 connecting loop, where the catalytic residue Asp206 is located. Overall, the present study provides insights into the molecular binding mechanism of PET into the IsPETase structure and a computational strategy for mapping flexible regions of this enzyme, which can be useful for the engineering of more efficient enzymes for recycling plastic polymers using biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto M Dos Santos
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologias, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Nahum Alves
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Martí
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Vicent Moliner
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Kauê Santana
- Institute of Biodiversity, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jerônimo Lameira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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16
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dos Santos Vasconcelos CR, Rezende AM. Systematic in silico Evaluation of Leishmania spp. Proteomes for Drug Discovery. Front Chem 2021; 9:607139. [PMID: 33987166 PMCID: PMC8111926 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.607139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected infectious diseases, with approximately 1. 3 million new cases each year, for which the available therapies have serious limitations. Therefore, it is extremely important to apply efficient and low-cost methods capable of selecting the best therapeutic targets to speed up the development of new therapies against those diseases. Thus, we propose the use of integrated computational methods capable of evaluating the druggability of the predicted proteomes of Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum, species responsible for the different clinical manifestations of leishmaniasis in Brazil. The protein members of those proteomes were assessed based on their structural, chemical, and functional contexts applying methods that integrate data on molecular function, biological processes, subcellular localization, drug binding sites, druggability, and gene expression. These data were compared to those extracted from already known drug targets (BindingDB targets), which made it possible to evaluate Leishmania proteomes for their biological relevance and treatability. Through this methodology, we identified more than 100 proteins of each Leishmania species with druggability characteristics, and potential interaction with available drugs. Among those, 31 and 37 proteins of L. braziliensis and L. infantum, respectively, have never been tested as drug targets, and they have shown evidence of gene expression in the evolutionary stage of pharmacological interest. Also, some of those Leishmania targets showed an alignment similarity of <50% when compared to the human proteome, making these proteins pharmacologically attractive, as they present a reduced risk of side effects. The methodology used in this study also allowed the evaluation of opportunities for the repurposing of compounds as anti-leishmaniasis drugs, inferring potential interaction between Leishmania proteins and ~1,000 compounds, of which only 15 have already been tested as a treatment for leishmaniasis. Besides, a list of potential Leishmania targets to be tested using drugs described at BindingDB, such as the potential interaction of the DEAD box RNA helicase, TRYR, and PEPCK proteins with the Staurosporine compound, was made available to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crhisllane Rafaele dos Santos Vasconcelos
- Bioinformatics Plataform, Microbiology Department, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Brazil
- Posgraduate Program in Genetics, Genetics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Antonio Mauro Rezende
- Bioinformatics Plataform, Microbiology Department, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Brazil
- Posgraduate Program in Genetics, Genetics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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17
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Lopreiato M, Di Cristofano S, Cocchiola R, Mariano A, Guerrizio L, Scandurra R, Mosca L, Raimondo D, d’Abusco AS. Biochemical and Computational Studies of the Interaction between a Glucosamine Derivative, NAPA, and the IKK α Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041643. [PMID: 33562013 PMCID: PMC7915277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucosamine derivative 2-(N-Acetyl)-L-phenylalanylamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucose (NAPA), was shown to inhibit the kinase activity of IKKα, one of the two catalytic subunits of IKK complex, decreasing the inflammatory status in osteoarthritis chondrocytes. In the present work we have investigated the inhibition mechanism of IKKα by NAPA by combining computational simulations, in vitro assays and Mass Spectrometry (MS) technique. The kinase in vitro assay was conducted using a recombinant IKKα and IKKtide, a 20 amino acid peptide substrate derived from IkBα kinase protein and containing the serine residues Ser32 and Ser36. Phosphorylated peptide production was measured by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the atomic interaction between IKKα and NAPA has been studied by molecular docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) approaches. Here we report that NAPA was able to inhibit the IKKα kinase activity with an IC50 of 0.5 mM, to decrease the Km value from 0.337 mM to 0.402 mM and the Vmax from 0.0257 mM·min−1 to 0.0076 mM·min−1. The computational analyses indicate the region between the KD, ULD and SDD domains of IKKα as the optimal binding site explored by NAPA. Biochemical data indicate that there is a non-significant difference between Km and Ki whereas there is a statistically significant difference between the two Vmax values. This evidence, combined with computational results, consistently indicates that the inhibition is non-competitive, and that the NAPA binding site is different than that of ATP or IKKtide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Lopreiato
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Medicina Sperimentale, Università Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Samuele Di Cristofano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rossana Cocchiola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
- Clinical Trial Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCSS, P. Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Mariano
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Libera Guerrizio
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Roberto Scandurra
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Luciana Mosca
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (A.S.d.)
| | - Anna Scotto d’Abusco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (R.C.); (A.M.); (L.G.); (R.S.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (A.S.d.)
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18
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Vougogiannopoulou K, Corona A, Tramontano E, Alexis MN, Skaltsounis AL. Natural and Nature-Derived Products Targeting Human Coronaviruses. Molecules 2021; 26:448. [PMID: 33467029 PMCID: PMC7831024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 human coronavirus (HCoV), has brought the international scientific community before a state of emergency that needs to be addressed with intensive research for the discovery of pharmacological agents with antiviral activity. Potential antiviral natural products (NPs) have been discovered from plants of the global biodiversity, including extracts, compounds and categories of compounds with activity against several viruses of the respiratory tract such as HCoVs. However, the scarcity of natural products (NPs) and small-molecules (SMs) used as antiviral agents, especially for HCoVs, is notable. This is a review of 203 publications, which were selected using PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, evaluates the available literature since the discovery of the first human coronavirus in the 1960s; it summarizes important aspects of structure, function, and therapeutic targeting of HCoVs as well as NPs (19 total plant extracts and 204 isolated or semi-synthesized pure compounds) with anti-HCoV activity targeting viral and non-viral proteins, while focusing on the advances on the discovery of NPs with anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, and providing a critical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Vougogiannopoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Biomedical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, E block, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SS55409042 Monserrato, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.)
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Biomedical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, E block, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, SS55409042 Monserrato, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.)
| | - Michael N. Alexis
- Molecular Endocrinology Team, Inst of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
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19
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de Sá ÉRA, Costa AN, Costa RKM, Souza JL, Ramos RM, Lima FDCA. In silico study of the interactions of Pilocarpus microphyllus imidazolic alkaloids with the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC7814572 DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2021.1873321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The disease outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to rise worldwide, even in countries which have considered it controlled. As new cases appear daily, infecting millions of people and causing thousands of deaths, the current in silico study aims to investigate the imidazolic alkaloids of the species Pilocarpus microphyllus (Jaborandi) as a potential inhibitory activity against the Mpro protease from SARS-CoV-2, since it plays a fundamental role in the processing of polyproteins that are translated from viral RNA. Jaborandi is distributed in some Brazilian biomes, being easily identified, yet little researched, with proven anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, anti-diabetic and gastroprotective activities. In this work, DFT calculation of thermodynamic properties, electrostatic potential surface, frontier molecular orbitals and descriptors of chemical reactivity of imidazolic alkaloids were associated with the use of molecular docking techniques, molecular dynamics and ADMET predictions. One can verify a good reactivity chemistry and energetic stability of epiisopiloturine, epiisopilosine, isopilosine and e pilosine with some residues of amino acids present in the active site of the main protease of COVID-19. In this sense, the results point out to the imidazolic alkaloids of Jaborandi as promising targets for in vitro and in vivo tests, as possible candidates for inhibitors of the enzyme Mpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ézio R. A. de Sá
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí, IFPI, Picos, Brazil
| | - Allan N. Costa
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará, IFPA, Conceição do Araguaia, Brazil
| | - Rayla K. M. Costa
- Research Laboratory of the Computational Quantum Chemistry and Drug Planning Group, Chemistry Department, State Univerty of Piauí, GQQC&PF/UESPI, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Janilson L. Souza
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, IFMA, Bacabal, Brazil
| | - Ricardo M. Ramos
- Research Laboratory in Information Systems, Information Department, Environment, Health and Food Production, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí, LaPeSI/IFPI, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco das C. A. Lima
- Research Laboratory of the Computational Quantum Chemistry and Drug Planning Group, Chemistry Department, State Univerty of Piauí, GQQC&PF/UESPI, Teresina, Brazil
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Adhikari N, Amin SA, Jha T. Dissecting the Drug Development Strategies Against SARS-CoV-2 Through Diverse Computational Modeling Techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/7653_2020_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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