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Ge Y, Zhang M. Interpersonal relationships and suicidal ideation among Chinese youths: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:267-274. [PMID: 38494135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is a noteworthy health problem that requires further study in the field of interpersonal relationships. The main scope of relationships include family, teachers, peers, and the Internet. However, few studies have considered the effects of interpersonal interactions. Based on the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, this study explores the relation between different interpersonal relationships and suicidal ideation. METHODS A network analysis approach was used to test the relationships. Cross-sectional data (N = 1694; 52.1 % boys; Mage = 11.86 years, SD = 1.59) were collected from primary and secondary students in October-November 2022. Participants completed a survey including demographic part and questionnaires: Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory (PANSI), Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES II), Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Student-Teacher Relationship Scale (STRS) and Facebook Intensity Scale (FIS). RESULTS All variables showed a significant correlation in this inferred network. Family, teacher-student, and peer relationships are protective against suicidal ideation. The closeness of the teacher-student relationship showed the highest strength centrality. However, online interpersonal relationship is a risk factor for suicide. Thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness are proximal factors of suicidal ideation that influenced all interpersonal relationships. LIMITATIONS The network analysis as a data-driven and exploratory method may be limited to provide exact cause and effect relationship. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that teacher-student connections may be more important than other relationships of young people. Improper peer and online interpersonal relationship could be risky for suicide. Further studies are needed to examine the role of these relationships elaborately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Ge
- College of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China.
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2
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Baggio S, Nsingi N, Iglesias K, Sapin M. Validation of a 9-item Perceived Suicide Awareness Scale (PSAS-9) for adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:306-311. [PMID: 38387669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust empirical data on suicide awareness are needed, to better plan and evaluate suicide prevention interventions. However, there is a lack of validated measures of suicide awareness. This is especially true for perceived suicide awareness, which focuses on perceived knowledge about suicide, willingness, and confidence to talk about suicide and get help. Using the theoretical framework of Social Cognitive Theory, this study aimed to validate a measure of perceived suicide awareness. METHODS We re-used data from a suicide prevention trial conducted in Swiss secondary schools (n = 366). Baseline and one-month follow-up data were used to validate the scale. The main measure was an initial 14-item Perceived Suicide Awareness Scale (PSAS). Perceived knowledge of help-seeking resources, suicide-related knowledge, and support networks were used to assess convergent validity. RESULTS A nine-item version, the PSAS-9, showed satisfactory psychometric properties, including high internal consistency (α = 0.78), acceptable test-retest (r = 0.68), and a one-factor structure explaining 95 % of the variance. The convergent validity was acceptable (0.19 ≤ r ≤ 0.40). The PSAS-9 was not correlated with suicide-related knowledge (r = 0.02). LIMITATIONS The study missed a similar construct to properly assess convergent validity and had a modest sample size. In addition, it only included secondary school adolescents, so further research in other samples of youths is needed to robustly validate the PSAS-9. CONCLUSIONS This study was an important step towards validating a perceived suicide awareness scale, which appears as a new dimension of suicidality, distinct from suicide-related knowledge. The PSAS-9 could be used to develop, evaluate, and improve suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Baggio
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Laboratory of Population Health (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Neslie Nsingi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Katia Iglesias
- School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Switzerland.
| | - Marlène Sapin
- Swiss Center of Expertise in Social Sciences (FORS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Goodwill JR. Reasons for Suicide in Black Young Adults: A Latent Class Analysis. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:425-440. [PMID: 36867388 PMCID: PMC9983538 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicides have increased among Black youth in the US, though it remains unclear if these trends persist into young adulthood. Further, even less is known about the reasons why individuals begin to consider suicide as a viable option. The current study aims to redress these gaps by identifying specific reasons for suicide among a sample of 264 Black young adults who reported experiencing suicidal thoughts within the past 2 weeks. METHODS Participants were recruited from an online panel. Reasons for suicide were measured using eight individual items/indicators. Latent class analysis was used to detect underlying patterns in Black young adults' reasons for considering suicide. RESULTS The most commonly reported reason for considering suicide among the entire sample was feeling hopeless about the future. Black women were more likely to report considering suicide because they could not live up to other's expectations and because they felt lonely and sad. Findings for the 3-class model were retained. The first class is described as the "Somewhat hopeless and other reasons" class (n = 85; 32%). The second class is "Accomplished but extremely lonely and sad" (n = 24; 9%). The third class is described as "Pronounced feelings of failure, hopelessness, being overwhelmed, and lack of accomplishment" and includes 59% of the sample (n = 155). CONCLUSIONS Culturally grounded clinical treatments and interventions are needed to meet the specific mental health needs of Black young adults. A particular focus on identifying factors that drive feelings of hopelessness and failure is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle R Goodwill
- University of Chicago Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, 969 E. 60th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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4
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Stoll N, Jieman AT, Yalipende Y, Byrom NC, Lempp H, Hatch SL. A Qualitative Evaluation of the Motivations, Experiences, and Impact of a Mental Wellbeing Peer Support Group for Black University Students in England and Wales: The Case of Black Students Talk. SAGE OPEN 2023; 13:21582440231218080. [PMID: 39295967 PMCID: PMC11407137 DOI: 10.1177/21582440231218080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Online peer support programs could address mental wellbeing concerns reported by Black students. The current evaluation explored Black university students' motivations, experiences, and perceived impacts of an online mental wellbeing peer support group (Black Students Talk [BST]) in England and Wales. We conducted two focus groups with Black Students Talk attendees and one with facilitators. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Three main themes and eight sub-themes where identified related to (i) Motivation: Impact of racism on mental wellbeing; (ii) Experience: The Black Students Talk experience; and (iii) Impact: Mental wellbeing outcomes. Benefits of Black Students Talk for Black students included advice, rest, validation, and support in the context of their race and experiences of racism. Facilitators had a unique sub-theme concerning their training and support. While racism exists at universities, online peer support can offer valuable benefits for Black students' mental wellbeing, social connectedness, and Black-only networks. Programs need to be co-created and delivered by trained Black students who receive reflective practice with a Black practitioner. Further independent evaluations using insights from survey and interview data are needed.
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Zhong J, Huang XJ, Wang XM, Xu MZ. The mediating effect of distress tolerance on the relationship between stressful life events and suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:118. [PMID: 36814223 PMCID: PMC9945729 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread acknowledgment of the impact of stressful life events on suicide risk, the understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between stressful life events and suicide risk in major depressive disorder (MDD) remain unclear. This study aim to examine whether the distress tolerance mediates the relationship between the stressful life events and suicide risk in patients with MDD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among 125 Chinese patients with MDD, mean age was 27.05 (SD=0.68) and 68.8% were females. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD-17), the validated Chinese version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) suicide module, Life Events Scale (LES) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) were utilized to evaluate depressive symptoms, stressful life events, levels of distress tolerance, and suicide risk, respectively. Mediation analyses was used to test the mediation effect of distress tolerance on the relationship between stressful life events and suicide risk. RESULTS The ratio of suicide risk in patients with MDD was 75.2%. Pearson correlation analysis showed that stressful life events were positively correlated with suicide risk(r=0.182, p<0.05). Stressful life events(r=-0.323, p<0.01) and suicide risk(r=-0.354, p<0.01) were negatively correlated with distress tolerance. Mediation analyses showed that the direct path from stressful life events to suicide risk was not significant (B= 0.012, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.017, 0.042]). Stressful life events affected suicide risk indirectly through distress tolerance (B= 0.018, 95% CI [0.007, 0.031]), and the mediating effect accounted for 60.0% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Distress tolerance completely played a mediating role between stressful life events and suicide risk. Further suicide prevention and intervention strategies should focus on increasing levels of distress tolerance in patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong People’s Republic of China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Huang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Wang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhi Xu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Grzejszczak J, Strzelecki D, Gabryelska A, Kotlicka-Antczak M. Affiliation to a Social Group as a Preventive Factor in Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020333. [PMID: 36832461 PMCID: PMC9955561 DOI: 10.3390/children10020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is one of the most common causes of death in the population of children and adolescents. Available data show the continuous growth of this phenomenon and the ineffectiveness of prevention programs. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected young people's mental health, including an increased risk of suicidal behaviors due to limited direct contact with the school and peer groups in favor of the home environment. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to consider the risk factors and protective factors for suicidal behavior in the under-18 population, with a particular focus on the importance of belonging to a social group and building identification with it as a phenomenon protecting against suicidal behavior. Additionally, in this review, we evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected these relationships. The PubMed database was used in the search with the following keywords: suicide, suicide behaviors, child and adolescent suicide behaviors, group affiliation, family affiliation, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and the COVID-19 pandemic, with articles published between 2002 and 2022 analyzed. Research conducted to date indicates that both sustained and stable family and peer relationships, as well as a sense of identification and belonging, noticeably reduce the risk of suicidal behavior. Ethnic or cultural affiliation seems to have been particularly important during the isolation in the home environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it has been shown that while in lockdown, contact through social media with individuals' identification groups was associated with a reduced chance of emotional crises. Furthermore, regardless of cultural background, attachment to a particular group correlates with enhanced psychiatric state of children and adolescents. Thus, available data highlight the need for building and maintaining affiliations with suitable groups as a protective factor against suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Grzejszczak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Rosales R, Sellers CM, Lee CS, Santos B, O'Brien K, Colby SM. Examining Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Association of Victimization and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors with Alcohol Use Among Sexual Minority Youth. LGBT Health 2023; 10:109-120. [PMID: 36044041 PMCID: PMC9986026 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2021.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Integrating Minority Stress Theory and Bagge and Sher's Theoretical Framework of the Alcohol-Suicide Attempt Relation, this study aimed to test whether experiencing both minority stress and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) had a greater strength of association with Latinx and Black sexual minority youth (SMY)'s alcohol use compared with that of White SMY. Methods: Using data on 2341 non-Latinx Black, Latinx, and non-Latinx White SMY from the 2015 and 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, we tested the prevalence of STBs, victimization, and alcohol use for Black and Latinx participants compared with White participants. Multivariate logistic regression analyses tested the main effects of STBs, victimization, and race/ethnicity on alcohol use. Finally, interaction terms assessed the interaction among STBs, victimization, and race/ethnicity on alcohol use. Results: The results supported our hypothesis, based on Minority Stress Theory, that experiencing victimization would be associated with greater alcohol use. Results also supported Bagge and Sher's theoretical framework showing that suicide plan and attempts were associated with greater alcohol use. When taking all of these stressors into account, results showed that Latinx SMY who experienced victimization had greater current prevalence of alcohol use than their White counterparts. However, Latinx SMY who were victimized and experienced suicidal ideation reported lower alcohol use than White SMY. Conclusion: These findings support the double jeopardy and resiliency hypotheses, which suggest that minority stressors have differing associations for each racial/ethnic SMY group's alcohol use. More research is needed that helps to disentangle the protective and risk factors for alcohol use among Black and Latinx SMY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rosales
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Christina M. Sellers
- College of Social, Sciences, Policy, and Practice, School of Social Work, Simmons University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina S. Lee
- School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bryan Santos
- Independent Researcher, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberly O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Colby
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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8
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Szlyk H, Motley R, Joe S, Nonas-Barnes L, Azasu E. An Examination of Suicidal Behavior among Black College Students with Exposure to Police Violence. SOCIAL WORK 2022; 68:18-27. [PMID: 36367833 PMCID: PMC10961707 DOI: 10.1093/sw/swac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is limited research about suicidal behaviors among Black emerging adults (peak age of suicide risk) who report exposure to police violence. The current study applies an integrated approach to examine individual, immediate environment, and community-based risk and protective factors of suicide among Black college students who reported previous exposure to police violence. A purposive sample of Black college students (N = 300) was analyzed using bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression. Outcome variables investigated were lifetime suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Twenty-eight percent of participants reported lifetime suicidal ideation and 14 percent reported lifetime attempts. Female students were significantly more likely to report lifetime suicidal ideation and recent symptoms of anxiety and to engage in emotional social support than male peers. Logistic regression results demonstrated that higher income and greater depression symptoms were associated with lower reporting of lifetime suicidal ideation. Reporting of more grit, the trait of perseverance and passion for long-term goals, was associated with a lower reporting of both lifetime suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Findings have implications for how social workers in higher education are encouraged to address suicidal behavior among Black students, including the cultivation of grit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Szlyk
- PhD, LCSW, is instructor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert Motley
- PhD, assistant professor, School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Sean Joe
- PhD, is Benjamin E. Youngdahl Professor of Social Development, The Brown School, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lucy Nonas-Barnes
- MSSW, LMSW, is a doctoral student, School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Enoch Azasu
- MSW, is a doctoral student, The Brown School, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Wiglesworth A, Clement DN, Wingate LR, Klimes-Dougan B. Understanding suicide risk for youth who are both Black and Native American: The role of intersectionality and multiple marginalization. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:668-682. [PMID: 35258124 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Native American and multiracial youth experience elevated risk for suicide ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA); however, intersectional identities are often unexamined in suicide research. METHOD We examined the prevalence of SI and SA, and the impact of intersectional identities (sex, sexual minority identity, and economic insecurity) on these rates, in 496 biracial Black-Native American, 2,804 Native American, 14,220 Black, 5,569 biracial Native American-White, 4,076 biracial Black-White, and 118,816 White youth who participated in the Minnesota Student Survey. RESULTS Black-Native American youth reports of SI and SA resembled other Native American youth and were significantly higher than those reported by Black, White, and Black-White (SA only) youth. While sexual minority youth reported higher rates of SI and SA than heterosexual youth, this difference between sexual minority and heterosexual Black-Native American youth was smaller as compared to their peers. CONCLUSION Though they largely resemble their mono/biracial Native American peers, Black-Native American youth show some distinct patterns of SA when accounting for their intersectional identities. Despite presumed similarities in systemic risk factors, Black and Black-Native American youth differ considerably in reported suicidality. The experiences of Black-Native American teens warrant further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wiglesworth
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Déjà N Clement
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - LaRicka R Wingate
- Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Audet ÉC, Leboeuf J, Holding AC, Davids J, Fang X, Koestner R. Better Together: Family and Peer Support for Black Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Black Lives Matter Movement. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8926420 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-022-00157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic and the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement impacted Black young adults’ social relationships and how receiving support from family or peers differentially influenced psychological adjustment. Surveys were sent in January 2021 and respondents included a total of 346 Black adults (66% female; mean age 26.2). A 2X2 repeated measures analysis of variance with social convoys and events was performed. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were performed with psychological well-being, psychological distress, and psychological need satisfaction. The pandemic negatively impacted relationships with peers. The BLM movement had favorable effects on both peer and family relationships. Family support relating to the pandemic and peer support relating to the BLM movement were associated with heightened psychological adjustment. The beneficial effects of pandemic-related support were mediated by greater psychological need satisfaction. The results indicate how important family and peer support are to individuals’ psychological adjustment during pivotal events.
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Boyd DT, Quinn CR, Jones KV, Beer OWJ. Suicidal ideations and Attempts Within the Family Context: The Role of Parent Support, Bonding, and Peer Experiences with Suicidal Behaviors. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 9:1740-1749. [PMID: 34331271 PMCID: PMC8324436 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-01111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The rate of suicidality is increasing faster in Black American youth than in any other group in the USA. Researchers have found that family-level factors are important environmental factors for predicting depression and anxiety among Black youth, but less is known about how family- and friendship-level factors are associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among Black youth. This secondary analysis used the data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescents to Adult Health with a sample of Black adolescents (N = 4232) with a mean age of 16 years. The predictors included parental and other contextual factors on the outcome, which was suicidal behaviors. A multinomial analysis was employed to assess which factors contributed to or prevented suicidal behaviors. Our results indicated that parental support was significantly and positively associated with reporting suicidal ideation and attempts. The results indicated that Black youth with a decrease in parental support were 41% more likely to report ideation and 68% more likely to report attempting suicide compared to those reporting no parental support. Findings from our study support the assertion that the influence from the familial microsystem is pronounced in modifying suicidal behavior of Black youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donte T Boyd
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Camille R Quinn
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristian V Jones
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Oliver W J Beer
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Barnett P, Arundell LL, Matthews H, Saunders R, Pilling S. 'Five hours to sort out your life': qualitative study of the experiences of university students who access mental health support. BJPsych Open 2021; 7:e118. [PMID: 36043691 PMCID: PMC8269927 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous qualitative research suggests that university students feel that current service provision does not meet their needs. Exploring the reasons for this may help to promote service change, encourage the uptake of care, improve outcomes and increase satisfaction within university services. AIMS This study aimed to improve the understanding of how students experience the process of accessing and using mental health support, barriers and facilitators to treatment, and how students would adapt provision to improve experiences. METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 full-time students who had used mental health services at university. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Five higher-order themes were identified: personalisation and informed choice, simplifying the process, feeling abandoned ignored or invisible, stigma, and superiority of private and external services. Sixteen subthemes were identified within these themes. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that access to mental health support should be simplified, with collaboration across university and external health and care services, to prevent students feeling lost or abandoned when seeking care. An inclusive approach to support access and provision of services for all presentations of mental health problems should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Barnett
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
| | - Laura-Louise Arundell
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, UK; and National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, Royal College of Psychiatrists, UK
| | | | - Rob Saunders
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, UK
| | - Stephen Pilling
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, UK; National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, Royal College of Psychiatrists, UK; and Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among Chinese community adults: A moderated mediation model of mental distress and family functioning. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Naghavi A, Teismann T, Asgari Z, Mohebbian MR, Mansourian M, Mañanas MÁ. Accurate Diagnosis of Suicide Ideation/Behavior Using Robust Ensemble Machine Learning: A University Student Population in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E956. [PMID: 33207776 PMCID: PMC7696788 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide is one of the most critical public health concerns in the world and the second cause of death among young people in many countries. However, to date, no study can diagnose suicide ideation/behavior among university students in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region using a machine learning approach. Therefore, stability feature selection and stacked ensembled decision trees were employed in this classification problem. A total of 573 university students responded to a battery of questionnaires. Three-fold cross-validation with a variety of performance indices was sued. The proposed diagnostic system had excellent balanced diagnosis accuracy (AUC = 0.90 [CI 95%: 0.86-0.93]) with a high correlation between predicted and observed class labels, fair discriminant power, and excellent class labeling agreement rate. Results showed that 23 items out of all items could accurately diagnose suicide ideation/behavior. These items were psychological problems and how to experience trauma, from the demographic variables, nine items from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), two items from Post Traumatic Growth (PTG), two items from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), six items from the Positive Mental Health (PMH) questionnaire, and one item related to social support. Such features could be used as a screening tool to identify young adults who are at risk of suicide ideation/behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Naghavi
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Azadi Sq, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44787 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Zahra Asgari
- Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohebbian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A9, Canada;
| | - Marjan Mansourian
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Health School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Miguel Ángel Mañanas
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (CREB), Automatic Control Department (ESAII), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech (UPC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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