1
|
Kingery JN, Schneider TI, Bodenlos JS, Peltz JS, Moore MD, Brown KJ. Cognitive distortions as a mediator of the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and psychological distress among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39303072 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2372584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the mediating role of cognitive distortions (CDs) in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness (DM) and psychological distress, and considered gender as a potential moderator of these mediation models. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred and forty-six college students (63.9% female; M = 20.52 years; 87.4% undergraduate, 12.6% graduate level) participated. METHODS Self-report measures of DM, CDs, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were completed with data collected from April to October of 2020. RESULTS Females scored significantly higher than males on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and CDs. CDs partially mediated the relationship between DM and all psychological distress variables. Gender moderated the mediation model predicting anxiety, with the indirect effect of DM on anxiety via CDs being stronger for females than males. CONCLUSION Results support CDs as a possible mechanism underlying the association between DM and psychological distress with implications for targeting cognitive patterns in mindfulness-based interventions with college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Newman Kingery
- Department of Psychological Science, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York, USA
| | - Travis I Schneider
- Department of Psychological Science, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York, USA
| | - Jamie S Bodenlos
- Department of Psychological Science, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York, USA
| | - Jack S Peltz
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, New York, USA
| | - Molly D Moore
- Department of Psychological Science, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York, USA
| | - Katherine J Brown
- Department of Psychological Science, Hobart & William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wojtaszek JA, Saules KK. The moderating effects of intolerance of uncertainty and social connectedness on college students' addictive behaviors and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1551-1560. [PMID: 35882068 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2082848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to understand COVID-19 pandemic impacts on anxiety, depression, and addictive/excessive behaviors, with exploration of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and social connectedness as potential moderators. Participants: Adult college students participated. Method: Our online survey assessed symptoms and behaviors prior to COVID-19, during the initial outbreak (Wave 1), and during early 2021 (Wave 2). Results: Significant increases were found in anxiety, depression, binge eating, sexual behaviors, video game playing, internet/social media usage, and compulsive exercise in both waves. IU moderated the relationship between both depression/anxiety and certain excessive behaviors; social connectedness moderated the relationship between anxiety and smoking. Conclusions: This study replicated prior work and highlights new impacts on addictive/excessive behaviors, as well as moderating effects from social connectedness and IU. Future research is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of treatments targeting IU and social connectedness as the pandemic continues to unfold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen K Saules
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tao Y, Wu J, Huang L, Zheng K, Liu H, Tian H, Peng L. The relationship between health-promoting behaviors and negative emotions in college freshmen: a cross-lagged analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1348416. [PMID: 38737866 PMCID: PMC11088242 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1348416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of mental health issues has been gradually increasing among college students in recent years. Improvements in mental health can be achieved through changes in daily behavior and the use of psychological counseling. This study aims to investigate the relationship between health-promoting behaviors and negative emotions among college freshmen as they enter the university. It also examines the impact of various sub-dimensions of health-promoting behaviors and other factors on the negative emotions (stress, anxiety, and depression) experienced by college freshmen. Methods Using the Negative Emotion and Health-Promoting Behavior scales, a 7-month longitudinal study was conducted on 4,252 college freshmen, with collection of data at two time points (T1: November 12, 2021; T2: June 17, 2022). Out of this longitudinal study, 3,632 valid samples were obtained. This research aimed to explore the association and impact between negative emotions and the level of health-promoting behaviors among college students during their time at the university. Results ① There were significant differences in the levels of health-promoting behaviors and negative emotions over the course of 7 months (P < 0.05). Health-promoting behaviors were found to have a significant negative correlation with negative emotions (P < 0.05). ② Negative emotions at T1 significantly negatively predicted health-promoting behaviors at T2 (β = -0.11, P < 0.01), while health-promoting behaviors at T1 significantly negatively predicted negative emotions at T2 (β = -0.12, P < 0.001). ③ Stress management (β = -0.104, P < 0.05; β = -0.087, P < 0.05), self-actualization (β = -0.282, P < 0.01; β = -0.260, P < 0.05), health responsibility (β = -0.057, P < 0.05; β = -0.088, P < 0.05), and interpersonal relations (β = 0.068, P < 0.01; β = 0.138, P < 0.05) were important components in improving stress and anxiety. Self-actualization (β = -0.437, P < 0.001), exercise (β = 0.048, P < 0.001), nutrition (β = 0.044, P < 0.001), and interpersonal relations (β = 0.065, P < 0.001) were important components in improving depression. ④ Gender, place of household registration, and whether the individual is the only child were significant factors affecting negative emotions in college freshmen. Conclusion The level of health-promoting behaviors is an important indicator for assessing the negative emotional states of college freshmen. Enhancing health-promoting behaviors across various dimensions can help alleviate different types of negative emotions. Gender, place of household registration, and being the only child are significant factors that influence negative emotions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YunFei Tao
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - JinLong Wu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - KangYong Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - HaoWei Liu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - HaoDong Tian
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Peng
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Person AI, Frazier PA. Coping strategy-situation fit vs. present control: relations with perceived stress in U.S. college students. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:219-232. [PMID: 37235712 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2217099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, it is adaptive to match coping strategies to the controllability of stressors. Although early research generally supported this hypothesis, recent findings have been inconsistent. The goals of this study were to test the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, addressing limitations of past research, and compare it to an alternative hypothesis from the temporal model of control (i.e., to focus on what one can control rather than matching coping strategies to control appraisals). DESIGN AND METHODS College students (n = 159) completed measures assessing their stressors, coping strategies, stressor controllability, perceived control over present aspects of stressors, and perceived stress. Data were collected via online surveys in Fall 2020. RESULTS Consistent with the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, using a higher ratio of problem-solving coping for more controllable stressors was associated with less stress. However, using more emotion-focused coping for less controllable stressors was not associated with less stress. In addition, focusing on what one could control in the present was associated with less stress, above and beyond strategy-situation fit. CONCLUSIONS It may be more adaptive to focus on what one can control in the present than to match coping styles to stressor controllability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abby I Person
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Msetfi RM, Kornbrot DE, Halbrook YJ. The association between the sense of control and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1323306. [PMID: 38414499 PMCID: PMC10897004 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1323306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction High levels of depression and low sense of control have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. The removal of typical freedoms through public health restrictions may have played an important role. The aim of this review was to examine data collected during the pandemic and (1) estimate the strength of the association between sense of control and depression, (2) examine whether the different types of control measures affected the strength of the association, and (3) whether this changed as a function of pandemic indicators. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in English between December 2019 and November 2022. A total of 993 articles were identified, of which 20 were included in the review and 16 in the meta-analysis after conducting a quality assessment using the standard NIH tool. Results The control-depression association gave a bias-independent pooled effect size of r = .41, and grew stronger over the 130 weeks covered by this review but did not change as a function of local COVID incidence rates. Subgroup analyses showed that external and overall control were more strongly related to depression than internal control. Discussion These findings emphasize that external factors are important to the sense of control and the importance of preserving the sense of control in situations where the removal of personal freedoms is necessary, such as public health emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana E. Kornbrot
- Department of Psychology, Sport and Geography, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang W, Wen X, Li Y, Luo C. Association of perceived stress and sleep quality among medical students: the mediating role of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1272486. [PMID: 38304285 PMCID: PMC10830648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1272486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has intensified the influence on medical students by changing the lifestyle, online study and clinical practice which bring out series of stress, sleep disturbance and mental health problems. This cross-sectional study aim to explore the association between perceived stress and sleep quality among medical students and investigated whether anxiety and depression mediated this association during pandemic. A total of 1,021 medical students in two universities who were from Guangdong Province, China participated this study and from January to September 2020 through the online question are, with 28.80% reporting sleep disturbances. The medical students were finished various self-reported questionnaires, including the Perceived Stress Scale-10, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the study found positive correlations among sleep quality, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression. The data was analyzed with The Amos 26.0 system. Result demonstrated that perceived stress was associated with poor sleep quality. Anxiety and depression partially mediated the association between perceived stress and poor sleep quality, explaining 73.08% of the association. This study's structural equation model offers a useful framework for assessing mechanisms mediating associations between perceived stress and sleep quality. The findings emphases the importance of addressing psychological factors in high-pressure situations, which can exacerbate sleep disturbances among medical students. It is important to screen the level of stress, mental health problems and investigate the risk factors of sleep quality among medical students during emergency public health events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanmin Huang
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueke Wen
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- School of Nursing, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunliu Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chenneville T, Gabbidon K, Zharima C, Hornschuh S, Dietrich JJ. Factors affecting COVID-19's mental health impact on college students in the southeastern United States. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225686. [PMID: 38045982 PMCID: PMC10690604 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence confirms COVID-19's negative impact on college students' mental health; however, more research is needed to identify factors that promoted or hindered college students' mental health early in the pandemic. This exploratory study addressed this need. Participants were 697 students attending a large, state, urban university in the southeastern United States. Using a cross-sectional survey design, participants completed an anonymous, online survey assessing socio-demographic variables, mental health issues, and activities during the lockdown period in 2020. Findings suggest college students in the southeastern US who were women or transgender men and had pre-existing mental health conditions, fewer routine activities, and high exposure to COVID-19 news reported more mental health problems early in the pandemic. Students who exercised daily had fewer symptoms of anxiety and post-traumatic stress than students who exercised monthly, but there were no differences in emotional responses to COVID-19 based on exercise frequency. Tailored strategies to address college students' needs in response to the current or future pandemics are needed and should take into consideration factors that promote or hinder mental health. Patient or Public Contribution: College students were participants in this study. College students who were not participants in this study assisted with the implementation of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Chenneville
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kemesha Gabbidon
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Campion Zharima
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Hornschuh
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Janan Janine Dietrich
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Belville, South Africa
- African Social Sciences Unit of Research and Evaluation (ASSURE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hsu T, Adamowicz JL, Thomas EBK. The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the psychological flexibility and inflexibility of undergraduate students: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023; 30:169-180. [PMID: 37982074 PMCID: PMC10655902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Rising rates of mental health problems in undergraduate students is a critical public health issue. There is evidence supporting the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in decreasing psychological symptoms in undergraduates, which is thought to be facilitated through increases in psychological flexibility (PF) and decreases in psychological inflexibility (PIF). However, little is known about the effect of ACT on these processes in undergraduates. We conducted a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis examining this effect in 20 studies, which provided 56 effect sizes. A combined sample of 1,750 undergraduates yielded a small-to-medium overall effect (g = .38, SE = .09, p < .001, 95% CI: [0.20, 0.56]). This effect did not depend on control group type, intervention modality, number of sessions, the questionnaire used, whether PF or PIF was measured, or participant age. However, there was a significant mean effect only in studies with a specific clinical target, but not in those without one. Furthermore, the higher the percentage of female participants, the lower the reported effect size. Results suggested that ACT may increase PF and decrease PIF in undergraduates and highlighted various conceptual and measurement issues. Study protocol and materials were preregistered (https://osf.io/un6ce/).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ti Hsu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa University of Iowa, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1407
| | - Jenna L. Adamowicz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa University of Iowa, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1407
| | - Emily B. K. Thomas
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa University of Iowa, G60 Psychological and Brain Sciences Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1407
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Colby A, Fereday B, Le NQ, Malin H. A longitudinal study of US college students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37314866 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2220391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the Covid-19 pandemic's effects on college students' stress, life satisfaction, and college experiences and investigate sources of resilience. PARTICIPANTS 1,042 students from 11 U.S. colleges and universities. METHODS Longitudinal study with surveys in winter 2018-2019 and fall 2021. Interviews with 54 survey respondents, spring 2021. Surveys measured purpose, social agency, goal-directedness, belonging, positive relationships, stress, life satisfaction, and pandemic impact. Interviews explored students' experiences during the pandemic. RESULTS Stress increased, and life satisfaction decreased from T1 to T2, but only for those with the highest reported pandemic impact, not in the sample overall. Goal-directedness, social agency, positive relationships, and sense of belonging were associated with lower stress and higher life satisfaction at both time points. Interviewees described both challenges and "silver linings" resulting from the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Single time-point studies of students' pandemic experiences may overstate the pandemic's negative mental health consequences and underestimate students' resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Colby
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brendan Fereday
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nhat Quang Le
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Heather Malin
- Stanford Graduate School of Education, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Valenzuela RLG, Velasco RIB, Jorge MPPC. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep of undergraduate students: A systematic literature review. Stress Health 2023; 39:4-34. [PMID: 35699687 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus pandemic forced the shift to distance education aggravating mental and physical vulnerabilities of undergraduate students, including sleep. This review aims to describe sleep problem rates and prevalence, sleep pattern disruption, sleep duration, sleep quality, insomnia symptoms, psychological and socio-economic factors affecting sleep of undergraduates in 22 countries. A systematic search for articles published from 2020 to 2021 using 'COVID-19,' 'Coronavirus,' 'Pandemic,' 'Sleep,' 'Mental Health,' and 'Students' from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane yielded 2550 articles, where 72 were included. Selection criteria were: English full-text available articles, undergraduates and not postgraduates, reported sleep outcomes, and participants not from allied health courses. Risk of bias was assessed using various Joanna Briggs Institute checklists and outcomes were descriptively synthesized. Prevalence of sleep problems was notable, while longitudinal studies showed increased rates. There was significantly increased sleep duration, and sleep pattern disruption during lockdowns. Several psychological, behavioural, environmental, demographic, and socio-economic factors were found to be associated with sleep changes. These highlight the pandemic's impact on sleep of undergraduate students and reveal opportunities for institutions to intervene with policies and programs to promote the well-being of undergraduates. Limitations include recall bias and underrepresentation of other countries. This study is self-funded with registration number RGAO-2021-0071.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel Peter Paul C Jorge
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu Q, Fan K, Wei D, Wang J, Wang X, Lou X, Lin H, Wang C, Wu C, Mao Z. Association between attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines and mental health among 140,259 college students in China. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36744107 PMCID: PMC9886423 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background With the launch of the COVID-19 vaccines, the vaccination rate has become a hot issue of concern. However, the evidence for the relationship between college students' attitudes toward vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms has been limited. Methods In total, 140,259 college students were recruited using a cluster sampling method in Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Xinyang city of Henan Province, China, May 21-27, 2021. Anxiety symptoms were determined by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool (GAD-7) and depressive symptoms were determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between students' attitudes toward the vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results The results indicate that 22.45% of students are unclear whether the vaccine can protect them from infection and 45.57% are unclear whether the vaccine is safe and has no side effects. In addition, after adjusting, the model showed that students who think vaccines can protect them and are safe had 0.128 (95%CI 0.110-0.150; Ptrend < 0.001) times lower risk of anxiety compared to their counterparts who think vaccines can neither protect them nor are safe. Similar ORs were found in depression (aOR = 0.157; 95%CI 0.137-0.180). Conclusion This large-scale study has shown an association between symptoms of anxiety and depression and reluctance to obtain vaccination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Teaching and Training Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University/The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000 China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Keller PS, Stumbo TM, Rawn KP. Changes in Grandparent-Grandchild Relationships during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: Associations with Mental Health in College Students. JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2023.2166640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peggy S. Keller
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Taylor M. Stumbo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kyle P. Rawn
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wright RR, Larson J, Richards S, Larson S, Nienstedt C. The COVID-19 pandemic: Electronic media use and health among US College students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-16. [PMID: 36595638 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2155463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore differences before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in electronic media use (i.e. TV watching, social media use, screen time), health (i.e. physical, behavioral, social, mental), and the relationship between them among college students. Participants: Nine hundred sixty-five United States college students with 367 participating before and 598 during the pandemic (after March 2020). Methods: Using a multiple cross-sectional design, participants completed an online self-report questionnaire and biometric data was gathered in-person for the Pre-COVID group. Results: During the pandemic, time spent watching TV and social media was 14% higher and total screen time was 30% higher (d = .39). Health variations were mixed with both adverse and beneficial differences. Most correlations between electronic media use and health variables were lower in strength during the pandemic. Conclusions: Differences between electronic media use and health before and during the pandemic suggest potential mixed effects of the pandemic on college student media use and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert R Wright
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Rexburg, Idaho, USA
| | - Jordan Larson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Rexburg, Idaho, USA
| | - Sarah Richards
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Rexburg, Idaho, USA
| | - Shaylee Larson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Rexburg, Idaho, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
MacDonald HZ. Risk and resilience factors associated with college students' psychological distress and PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36595583 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2155053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: College students are experiencing pronounced mental health difficulties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known, however, about underlying risk and resilience factors contributing to students' psychological health during this time. The current study examined mindfulness, resilience, coping, emotion regulation, and daily hassles as possible predictors of COVID-19 concern, psychological distress, and PTSD symptoms in a sample of college students. Participants: One hundred and thirty-five undergraduate college students participated in this study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Participants completed a series of self-report questionnaires. Results: Risk and resilience factor hierarchical regression models were run separately to predict the three outcomes. Daily hassles, ethnicity, and first-generation college student status predicted greater COVID-19 concern; daily hassles and difficulties with emotion regulation predicted greater psychological distress; daily hassles, difficulties with emotion regulation, avoidant coping, and problem-focused coping positively predicted PTSD symptoms. Acting with awareness mindfulness and continuing-generation college student status predicted lower COVID-19 concern; acting with awareness mindfulness, nonjudging mindfulness, and resilience predicted lower psychological distress; acting with awareness mindfulness, nonjudging mindfulness, and resilience also predicted lower PTSD symptomatology. Conclusions: Identifying underlying factors associated with college students' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic may facilitate the development and implementation of targeted preventative interventions aimed at promoting well-being in this uniquely vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Z MacDonald
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Emmanuel College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Msetfi R, Kornbrot D, Halbrook YJ, Senan S. Sense of Control and Depression during Public Health Restrictions and the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14429. [PMID: 36361309 PMCID: PMC9658609 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Depression rates have increased significantly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a number of factors implicated in this increase, including stress, fear, social isolation and the psychological impact of public health restrictions. The main purpose of the current cross-sectional survey study was to examine the relationship between the experience of public health restrictions, the sense of control and depression, both during and after restrictions were lifted. A survey methodology was chosen, with data collected in the Republic of Ireland at two time points (January 2022 and May 2022). Time 1 participants (n = 314) were invited to repeat the measures 5 months later, with 172 agreeing to be recontacted, and 47 participants completing all measures at two time points. Findings showed that both the sense of control, in relation to perceived constraints, w = 0.43, and the experience of restrictions, w = 0.14, predicted depression at Time 1. Participants were less likely to be depressed at Time 2 and had a stronger sense of control. The Time 1 sense of control through perceived constraints predicted depression at Time 2, w = 0.45. Overall, these data show that public health restrictions and the sense of control are linked and that the sense of control has a powerful and long-lasting effect on depression status in restricted conditions, even once these have been lifted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Msetfi
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Diana Kornbrot
- Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9EU, UK
| | - Yemaya J. Halbrook
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Salha Senan
- Department of Psychology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu F, Zhang Y, Li Q, Xu Y, Liu B. Families, Schools, and the Longitudinal Changes in Psychological Distress among College Students during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a National Panel Survey in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12882. [PMID: 36232181 PMCID: PMC9566168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological well-being of students in higher education has become an increasingly important concern in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of prior studies were cross-sectional and thereby failed to capture the individual changes in mental health over time. Moreover, few studies have explored whether and how socioeconomic and education backgrounds could be related to college students' mental health changes. This study aimed to fill these gaps. METHODS Data were from a nationwide, two-wave panel survey of college students in China. Baseline information was collected in November 2019, i.e., before the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in China. A follow-up survey was conducted in November and December 2020, when the epidemic was effectively contained in mainland China. In both waves, mental health was assessed with the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). The between-wave changes in psychological distress were measured and categorized. RESULTS Overall, 13.5% of students experienced at least a one-standard-deviation increase in psychological distress over the one-year follow-up. Results from both bivariate and multivariable analysis showed that this marked distress increase was more pronounced among vocational college students (vs. academic undergraduate and postgraduate students) and those with lower levels of academic performance. In contrast, family socioeconomic status (as measured by parental education, family economic condition, and current residence) was not associated with distress changes over time. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of the educational disparities within the higher education system in understanding the mental health dynamics of college students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Zhu
- Department of Sociology, School of Philosophy and Social Development, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yueyun Zhang
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities, Social Sciences & Law, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Sociology, School of Philosophy and Social Development, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuanyao Xu
- Department of Sociology, School of Philosophy and Social Development, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Science, Beijing 100732, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hensel DJ. Digital Interventions to Improve College and University Student Mental Health. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:141-142. [PMID: 35870824 PMCID: PMC9483657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Hensel
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ramos Salazar L, Meador A. College students' grit, autonomous learning, and well‐being: Self‐control as a mediator. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Ramos Salazar
- Paul and Virginia Engler College of Business West Texas A&M University Canyon Texas USA
| | - Audrey Meador
- College of Engineering West Texas A&M University Canyon Texas USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu Y, Frazier PA, Porta CM, Lust K. Mental health of US undergraduate and graduate students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences across sociodemographic groups. Psychiatry Res 2022; 309:114428. [PMID: 35131558 PMCID: PMC8805912 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to assess differences between sociodemographic groups in student mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to investigate whether the pandemic disproportionately affected certain groups, and to examine between-group differences in pandemic-related stressors. Data from Minnesota undergraduate and graduate students who completed an online survey in 2020 (N = 2,067) were compared to data collected from students in 2018 (N = 3,627). The survey assessed days of poor mental health, stress, stress management ability, days of adequate sleep, and pandemic-related stressors (2020 only). Multivariate analyses of variance assessed differences between study years (2020 vs. 2018), sociodemographic groups (gender, sexual orientation, race, disability, international student), and their interactions with study year in predicting mental health, and the sociodemographic groups in predicting pandemic stressors, among undergraduate and graduate students. Stress management ability decreased and sleep improved from 2018 to 2020. The sociodemographic variables most associated with poorer mental health were identifying as female, a sexual minority, or having a disability. Undergraduates reported poorer mental health than graduate students. Differences between sociodemographic groups were not larger during the pandemic, except among students with disabilities. All five sociodemographic variables were related to greater pandemic stressors in some domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, US.
| | - Patricia A. Frazier
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, US
| | - Carolyn M. Porta
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, US
| | - Katherine Lust
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, US
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Donati Zeppa S, Ferrini F, Agostini D, Amatori S, Barbieri E, Piccoli G, Sestili P, Stocchi V. Nutraceuticals and Physical Activity as Antidepressants: The Central Role of the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020236. [PMID: 35204119 PMCID: PMC8868311 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiota play an essential role in regulating brain functions and the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases, including MDD. There are numerous mechanisms through which the gut microbiota and brain can exchange information in a continuous, bidirectional communication. Current research emphasizes the interexchange of signals influenced by the gut microbiota that are detected and transduced in information from the gut to the nervous system involving neural, endocrine, and inflammatory mechanisms, suggesting a relationship between oxidative stress and the pathophysiology of MDD via the hyperactivation of inflammatory responses. Potential sources of inflammation in the plasma and hippocampus of depressed individuals could stem from increases in intestinal permeability. Some nutraceuticals, such as specific probiotics, namely psychobiotics, polyphenols, carotenoids, butyrate, and prebiotics, have been demonstrated to exert an antidepressant activity, but most of them need to be metabolized and activated by gut microorganisms. By inducing changes in the gut microbiota composition, physical exercise might also exert a role in alleviating depression-like symptoms. The mutual relationships among nutraceuticals, exercise, and depression will be discussed, and the potential role of the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target to treat depression will be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Fabio Ferrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Deborah Agostini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (S.D.Z.); (F.F.); (D.A.); (E.B.); (G.P.); (P.S.)
| | | |
Collapse
|