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Wang YB, Zhang Z, Mao ZX. You don't know why you (don't) exercise: The relationship between automatic processes and physical activity (or sedentary behavior): A meta-analysis. Scand J Psychol 2024; 65:501-510. [PMID: 38155368 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationship between automatic processes and behavior as well as their moderators. METHODS There were 126 effect sizes (Fisher's Z) extracted from 55 independent research studies involving 10,432 participants. Meta-analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 3.3. Univariate meta-regression models were used to analyze underlying moderators. RESULTS Meta-analysis after correction found that automatic processes could significantly and positively predict behavior, but the effect size was small (Fisher's Z = 0.057, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.043, 0.070]). CONCLUSIONS Different components of automatic processes, task reliability, and study design moderated the relationship between automatic processes and behavior. Future research could explore automatic measures at a neurophysiological level or use population-matched stimuli for specific populations to improve measure validity. In addition, future research should accumulate evidence on how to reduce sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bu Wang
- Beijing Sport University, School of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghao Zhang
- Beijing Sport University, School of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Mao
- Beijing Sport University, School of Psychology, Beijing, China
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2
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Brizzi G, Riva G, Romano D. The Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA): Measuring the body representation through virtual reality. J Neuropsychol 2024. [PMID: 38576316 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Our physical and psychological well-being is significantly influenced by how we perceive our body, in addition to our thoughts and emotions associated with it. Dysfunctional body perceptions and attitudes play a key role in the development and maintenance of severe conditions such as eating disorders in both males and females. Given its relevance, some attempts have been made to improve body image assessment methods in terms of perceptual accuracy and body satisfaction taking advantage of technological advances such as virtual reality. However, existing applications have mainly focused on women and clinical conditions. In this study, we presented the Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA), a virtual reality figure rating scale to assess body image in both male and female subjects. We tested BIVRA's ability to measure perceptual accuracy and compared its results with a standardized body satisfaction questionnaire. Additionally, we investigated gender differences. BIVRA was found to be effective in assessing body image. We observed that a perceptually based task successfully captured both low and high levels of body representations, shedding light on the significant gender differences. The association between BIVRA and the body satisfaction questionnaires was moderated by gender, with a stronger association for women. While further validation of BIVRA is needed to fully exploit its potential, our results suggest that the integration of virtual reality into the assessment of body image and related disorders may significantly enhance our understanding of individuals struggling with body image issues and has the potential to advance current methods and techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brizzi
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Romano
- Department of Psychology and MIBTEC: Mind and Behavior Technological Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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3
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Mahrous RM, Bugis BA, Sayed SH. Emotional Intelligence, Academic Motivation, and Achievement among Health Science Students in Saudi Arabia: A Self-Deterministic Approach. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:571-583. [PMID: 38204342 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.23028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study used a self-deterministic approach to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), academic motivation (AM), and achievement among health science students. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of Saudi Arabia (Dammam, Riyadh, and Jeddah). A convenience sample of 450 students was incorporated using the multistage cluster sampling technique. The online survey contained three sections: students' basic data and academic achievement level, the modified Schutte self-report inventory, and the Academic Motivation Scale lowercase. RESULTS This study revealed moderate overall scores for EI (57.1%), AM (55.6%), and grade point average (GPA) (57.6%). The overall EI score, its domains, and GPA had significant positive correlations with overall AM and intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (p < .01). Amotivation had an insignificant correlation with GPA (p < .05), but it was negatively correlated with EI and its domains (p < .01). Multiple regression analysis proved that EI domains predicted 5.0% of GPA variance; emotions appraisal and expression (β = .02, p = .024), regulation (β = .11, p = .032), and utilization (β = .24, p < .01). EI domains also predicted 26.0% of AM variance; emotions appraisal and expression (β = .11, p = .04), regulation (β = .33, p < .01), and utilization (β = .23, p <.01). Moreover, AM predicted 4.0% of the variance in GPA; intrinsic (β = .25, p = .004) and extrinsic (β = .11, p = .022) motivation. AM also predicted 25.0% of the variance in EI: intrinsic (β = .34, p < .01) and extrinsic motivation (β = .26, p = .026). CONCLUSION EI and AM have a bidirectional influence on each other, significantly shaping the GPA of health sciences students in Saudi Arabia, where intrinsic motivation has a predominant role. Thus, promoting students' AM and EI is recommended to foster their academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Mohammed Mahrous
- Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Virus and Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Bussma Ahmed Bugis
- Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samiha Hamdi Sayed
- Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Community Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
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Nicholson L, Mullan B, Liddelow C. Investigating the role of morningness/eveningness in physical activity engagement. Health Psychol Behav Med 2022; 10:1003-1019. [PMID: 36277117 PMCID: PMC9586684 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2022.2136183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite being aware of the positive health-related outcomes of physical activity, many people remain inactive. The aim of this study is to apply a combination of constructs from the health action process approach and self-determination theory, as well as habit and morningness/eveningness, to predict physical activity engagement. Methods A prospective design was used to collect data from 136 participants (16–64 years old), at two-time points, one week apart. The sample consisted of 99 women, 36 men and 1 individual who identified as non-binary. Participants preferred time-of-day was measured using the Morningness-Eveningness Stability Scale (MESSi), while physical activity engagement was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-version). Two hierarchical, multiple regressions were conducted, to predict motivation to engage and to directly predict physical activity engagement. Furthermore, a mediation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of planning on physical activity engagement. Results Results showed that younger individuals and those with greater self-efficacy were more motivated to engage while planning directly predicted physical activity engagement. However, morningness/eveningness did not significantly predict engagement. Additionally, planning was found to mediate the motivation-engagement relationship. Conclusion This study demonstrates how planning influences individuals’ physical activity engagement, as well as the role self-efficacy and age play in their motivation to engage. Even though morningness/eveningness was not an important predictor, behaviour change techniques related to action planning and the use of multi-component approaches to behaviour change, could be used in interventions focused on increasing individuals’ physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Nicholson
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- WACPRU, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Caitlin Liddelow
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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5
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Social cognition theories and behavior change in COVID-19: A conceptual review. Behav Res Ther 2022; 154:104095. [PMID: 35605335 PMCID: PMC9005242 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented health, economic, and social consequences worldwide. Although contact reductions and wearing face coverings have reduced infection rates, and vaccines have reduced illness severity, emergence of new variants of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, and the shift from pandemic to endemic patterns of infection, highlights the importance of ongoing preventive behavior adherence to manage future outbreaks. Research applying social cognition theories may assist in explaining variance in these behaviors and inform the development of efficacious behavior change interventions to promote adherence. In the present article, we summarize research applying these theories to identify modifiable determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and the mechanisms involved, and their utility in informing interventions. We identify limitations of these applications (e.g., overreliance on correlational data, lack of long-term behavioral follow-up), and suggest how they can be addressed. We demonstrate the virtue of augmenting theories with additional constructs (e.g., moral norms, anticipated regret) and processes (e.g., multiple action phases, automatic processes) to provide comprehensive, parsimonious behavioral explanations. We also outline how the theories contribute to testing mechanisms of action of behavioral interventions. Finally, we recommend future studies applying these theories to inform and test interventions to promote COVID-19 preventive behavior adherence.
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Oc Y, Plangger K. GIST do it! How motivational mechanisms help wearable users develop healthy habits. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Hagger MS, Hamilton K. Predicting COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 14:819-841. [PMID: 35193171 PMCID: PMC9111247 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Achieving broad immunity through vaccination is a cornerstone strategy for long‐term management of COVID‐19 infections, particularly the prevention of serious cases and hospitalizations. Evidence that vaccine‐induced immunity wanes over time points to the need for COVID‐19 booster vaccines, and maximum compliance is required to maintain population‐level immunity. Little is known of the correlates of intentions to receive booster vaccines among previously vaccinated individuals. The present study applied an integrated model to examine effects of beliefs from multiple social cognition theories alongside sets of generalized, stable beliefs on individuals' booster vaccine intentions. US residents (N = 479) recruited from an online survey panel completed measures of social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and risk perceptions), generalized beliefs (vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs), and COVID‐19 vaccine intentions. Social cognition constructs were related to booster vaccine intentions, with attitude and subjective norms exhibiting the largest effects. Effects of vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs on intentions were mediated by the social cognition constructs, and only vaccine hesitancy had a small residual effect on intentions. Findings provide preliminary evidence that contributes to an evidence base of potential targets for intervention messages aimed at promoting booster vaccine intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Hagger
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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8
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Pasi H, Lintunen T, Leskinen E, Hagger MS. Predicting school students' physical activity intentions in leisure-time and school recess contexts: Testing an integrated model based on self-determination theory and theory of planned behavior. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249019. [PMID: 33770119 PMCID: PMC7997014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying psychological correlates of children’s physical activity intentions may signpost potentially modifiable targets for interventions aimed at promoting physical activity participation. School recess and leisure-time outside of school are appropriate contexts in which such interventions may be delivered. However, few studies have identified correlates of physical activity intentions in these environments. Examining correlates in these contexts may provide formative evidence on which to base interventions to promote physical activity. Purpose The current study adopted an integrated theoretical model to test relations between motivational constructs from self-determination theory, social cognition constructs from the theory of planned behavior, and physical activity intentions in leisure-time and school recess contexts. Methods Finnish school children (N = 845, M age = 13.93, SD = 0.99) from three lower-secondary schools completed self-report measures of perceived autonomy support by peers, autonomous and controlled motivation, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and physical activity intentions for both contexts. Results Well-fitting structural equation models controlling for past behavior indicated that autonomous motivation in the school recess context and attitude in both contexts were the most pervasive predictors of physical activity intentions, and mediated the relationship between perceived autonomy support and intentions. Multi-group analyses supported invariance of the models in both contexts across gender, grades, and school, with few variations. Conclusions The current study supports relations between motivational and social cognition correlates of children’s physical activity intentions in school recess and leisure-time contexts. Future research should extend these findings to the prediction of follow-up participation in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Pasi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Taru Lintunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Esko Leskinen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin S. Hagger
- Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, United States of America
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9
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Hagger MS, Orbell S. The common sense model of illness self-regulation: a conceptual review and proposed extended model. Health Psychol Rev 2021; 16:347-377. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2021.1878050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin S. Hagger
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sheina Orbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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10
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Nayak P, Kumaran D S, Mahmood A, Manikandan N, Unnikrishnan B, Solomon JM. Feasibility of context-specific activities for improving physical activity levels among Indian adults with stroke. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1866663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeepa Nayak
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Senthil Kumaran D
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Amreen Mahmood
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Natarajan Manikandan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - John M Solomon
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Centre for Comprehensive Stroke Rehabilitation and Research (CCSRR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
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11
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Hagger MS, Hamilton K. General causality orientations in self-determination theory: Meta-analysis and test of a process model. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0890207020962330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Causality orientations theory, a key sub-theory of self-determination theory, identifies three distinct causality orientations: autonomy, control, and impersonal orientation. The theory proposes generalized effects of the orientations on motivation and behavior. We meta-analyzed studies ( k = 83) testing relations between causality orientations, forms of motivation from self-determination theory, and behavior. Pooled data were used to test a process model in which autonomous and controlled forms of motivation mediated relations between causality orientations and behavior. Results revealed that autonomy and control orientations were positively correlated with autonomous and controlled forms of motivation, respectively. Impersonal orientation was correlated negatively with autonomy orientation and autonomous forms of motivation, and positively with control orientation and controlled forms of motivation. Process model tests revealed total effects of autonomy orientation on behavior, comprising direct and indirect effects through autonomous motivation, and a positive direct effect of control orientation on behavior and a negative indirect effect through controlled motivation, resulting in a zero total effect. Analysis of age, gender, behavior type, study design, and study quality revealed few moderator effects on model relations. Findings support effects of autonomy orientation on motivation and behavior, and the processes involved, and identify constructs that could be targeted, or circumvented, in behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Hagger
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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12
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Dimmock JA, Chatzisarantis NL, Podlog L, Martin TL, Iriye HM, Jackson B. Seek, and You Will Find: The Influence of Expectations on Evaluations of Physical Activity. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James A Dimmock
- School of Sport Science, Exercise, and Health, The University of Western Australia,
| | | | | | - Teresa Lynn Martin
- School of Sport Science, Exercise, and Health, The University of Western Australia,
| | - Heather M Iriye
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex,
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Sport Science, Exercise, and Health, The University of Western Australia,
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13
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Phipps DJ, Hagger MS, Hamilton K. Predicting limiting 'free sugar' consumption using an integrated model of health behavior. Appetite 2020; 150:104668. [PMID: 32184092 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Excess intake of 'free sugars' is a key predictor of chronic disease, obesity, and dental ill health. Given the importance of determining modifiable predictors of free sugar-related dietary behaviors, we applied the integrated behavior change model to predict free sugar limiting behaviors. The model includes constructs representing 'reasoned' or deliberative processes that lead to action (e.g., social cognition constructs, intentions), and constructs representing 'non-conscious' or implicit processes (e.g., implicit attitudes, behavioral automaticity) as predictors of behavior. Undergraduate students (N = 205) completed measures of autonomous and controlled motivation, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) measures of explicit attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intentions, past behavior, implicit attitude, and behavioral automaticity at an initial point in time, and free sugar limiting behavior and behavioral automaticity two weeks later. A Bayesian structural equation model indicated that explicit attitude, subjective norms, and PBC predicted behavior via intention. Autonomous motivation predicted behavior indirectly through all TPB variables, while controlled motivation predicted behavior only via subjective norms. Implicit attitudes and behavioral automaticity predicted behavior directly and independently. Past behavior predicted behavior directly and indirectly through behavioral automaticity and intentions, but not implicit attitudes. Current findings suggest pervasive effects of constructs representing both reasoned and non-conscious processes and signpost potential targets for behavioral interventions aimed at minimizing free sugar consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Phipps
- School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt Campus, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, QLD, 4122, Australia.
| | - Martin S Hagger
- SHARPP Lab, Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, Merced, CA, 95343, USA; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, Jyväskylä, FI-40014, Finland.
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt Campus, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, QLD, 4122, Australia.
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14
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Polet J, Lintunen T, Schneider J, Hagger MS. Predicting change in middle school students’ leisure‐time physical activity participation: A prospective test of the trans‐contextual model. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juho Polet
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Taru Lintunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | | | - Martin S. Hagger
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
- SHARPP Lab Psychological Sciences University of California, Merced Merced CA USA
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15
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Fortune J, Norris M, Stennett A, Kilbride C, Lavelle G, Hendrie W, de Souza L, Abdul M, Brewin D, David L, Anokye N, Victor C, Ryan JM. 'I can do this': a qualitative exploration of acceptability and experiences of a physical activity behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis in the UK. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e029831. [PMID: 32144172 PMCID: PMC7064077 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who participated in iStep-MS, a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a behaviour change intervention that aimed to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour. DESIGN A qualitative approach was undertaken embedded in the feasibility randomised controlled trial. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using Framework analysis. SETTING Participants were recruited from a single MS therapy centre in the southeast of England, UK. PARTICIPANTS Sixty people with MS were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or usual care. Following a purposive sampling strategy, 15 participants from the intervention arm undertook 1:1 semi-structured interviews. INTERVENTIONS The iStep-MS intervention consisted of four therapist-led sessions over 12 weeks, supported by a handbook and pedometer. RESULTS Three themes were identified from the data. "I can do this": developing competence in physical activity highlights the enhanced physical activity confidence gained through goal setting and accomplishment. "I felt valued": the nurturing culture provides an overview of the supportive and non-judgemental environment created by the programme structure and therapeutic relationship. Finally, "What can I do?": empowered enactment describes the transition from the supported iStep-MS intervention to intrinsically motivated physical activity enactment. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study supports the acceptability of the iStep-MS intervention and identified key areas that supported participants to be physically active. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN15343862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Fortune
- University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Meriel Norris
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Andrea Stennett
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Cherry Kilbride
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Grace Lavelle
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Lorraine de Souza
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nana Anokye
- Health Economics Research Group, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Christina Victor
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Jennifer M Ryan
- Ageing Studies Theme, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
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16
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Seo K, Ryu H, Kim J. Can Serious Games Assess Decision-Making Biases? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The limitations of self-report questionnaires and interview methods for assessing individual differences in human cognitive biases have become increasingly apparent. These limitations have led to a renewed interest in alternative modes of assessment, including for implicit and explicit aspects of human behavior (i.e., dual-process theory). Acknowledging this, the present study was conducted to develop and validate a serious game, “Don Quixote,” for measuring specific cognitive biases: the bandwagon effect and optimism bias. We hypothesized that the implicit and explicit game data would mirror the results from an interview and questionnaire, respectively. To examine this hypothesis, participants ( n = 135) played the serious game and completed a questionnaire and interview in a random order for cross-validation. The results demonstrated that the implicit game data (e.g., response time) were highly correlated with the interview data. On the contrary, the explicit game data (e.g., game score) were comparable to the results from the questionnaire. These findings suggest that the serious game and the underlying intrinsic nature of its game mechanics (i.e., evoking instant responses under time pressure) are of importance for the further development of cognitive bias measures in both academia and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungwon Seo
- Imagine X Lab, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hokyoung Ryu
- Imagine X Lab, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Imagine X Lab, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhang CQ, Wong MCY, Zhang R, Hamilton K, Hagger MS. Adolescent sugar-sweetened beverage consumption: An extended Health Action Process Approach. Appetite 2019; 141:104332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Trigueros R, Aguilar-Parra JM, Cangas AJ, Bermejo R, Ferrandiz C, López-Liria R. Influence of Emotional Intelligence, Motivation and Resilience on Academic Performance and the Adoption of Healthy Lifestyle Habits among Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162810. [PMID: 31394722 PMCID: PMC6719049 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Included among the basic objectives of Physical Education (PE) classes is the consolidation of habits of a healthy lifestyle among adolescents. However, the main studies in this field have focused on cognitive aspects related to students during these classes, yet they ignore the role that emotions can play in the adoption of future habits. Objectives: To analyze how emotions (emotional intelligence and emotional state) can influence the resilience and motivation of adolescents, as well as academic performance and adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. Methodology: 615 secondary school students between the ages of 14 and 19 participated (M = 16.02; SD = 1.57) in the study. A structural equations model was developed using the main variables and by applying some of the principles of Self-Determination Theory. The results show that emotional intelligence is positively related to positive emotions and negatively related to negative emotions. Positive emotions positively predict both self-motivation towards physical education classes and resilience. Resilience positively predicts self-motivation. Finally, self-motivation acts as a predictor of both academic performance and regular participation in physical activity. Conclusions: This study successfully shows the importance of focusing on emotions in PE classes inasmuch as emotion increases the tendency to get good grades and maintain active lifestyle habits. In this sense, focusing on the emotions of students in PE could prove quite beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Trigueros
- Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - José M Aguilar-Parra
- Department of Psychology, Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Adolfo J Cangas
- Department of Psychology, Hum-760 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Rosario Bermejo
- Department of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Carmen Ferrandiz
- Department of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Remedios López-Liria
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Past academic achievement contributes to university students' autonomous motivation (AM) which is later moderated by implicit motivation and working memory: A Bayesian replication of the explicit-implicit model of AM. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Thomas K, Wilson JL, Bedell P, Morse DS. "They didn't give up on me": a women's transitions clinic from the perspective of re-entering women. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2019; 14:12. [PMID: 30935408 PMCID: PMC6444569 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-019-0142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women recently released from incarceration have increased rates of co-occurring substance use, physical health, and mental health disorders. During re-entry, they face challenges navigating needed health services and social services stemming from these problems. Women's Initiative Supporting Health Transitions Clinic (WISH-TC) is a primary care program that facilitates treatment access for re-entering women. Strategies include support and navigation assistance from peer community health workers. METHODS Thirteen participants, of whom 11 had a substance use disorder, completed semi-structured interviews about their experiences in WISH-TC as part of a process evaluation. We conducted a qualitative framework analysis informed by self-determination theory. RESULTS WISH-TC supported autonomy as staff helped motivate women to work toward personal health goals. Women were empowered to have their health needs met, and consequently, prioritized attending clinic. Regarding competence, WISH-TC built upon women's existing knowledge to increase their health literacy and better understand their individual health needs. Relatedness support, both prior to re-entry and ongoing with clinic staff, was key in women's satisfaction with their care. The clinic made procedural changes in response to the interviews, including providing orientation for the patients and training the clinic in trauma-informed practices. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the potential of a program for re-entering women, including those with substance use disorders to strengthen their abilities to navigate complex healthcare and societal systems. WISH-TC helped women feel supported, motivated, and competent to address their substance use, physical, and mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
| | - John L. Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
| | - Precious Bedell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
| | - Diane S. Morse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, USA
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Aulbach MB, Knittle K, Haukkala A. Implicit process interventions in eating behaviour: a meta-analysis examining mediators and moderators. Health Psychol Rev 2019; 13:179-208. [PMID: 30676235 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2019.1571933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dual-process models integrate deliberative and impulsive mental systems and predict dietary behaviours better than deliberative processes alone. Computerised tasks such as the Go/No-Go, Stop-Signal, Approach-Avoidance, and Evaluative Conditioning have been used as interventions to directly alter implicit biases. This meta-analysis examines the effects of these tasks on dietary behaviours, explores potential moderators of effectiveness, and examines implicit bias change as a proposed mechanism. Thirty randomised controlled trials testing implicit bias interventions (47 comparisons) were included in a random-effects meta-analysis, which indicated small cumulative effects on eating-related behavioural outcomes (g = -0.17, CI95 = [-0.29; -0.05], p = .01) and implicit biases (g = -0.18, CI95 = [-0.34; -0.02], p = .02). Task type moderated these effects, with Go/No-Go tasks producing larger effects than other tasks. Effects of interventions on implicit biases were positively related to effects on eating behaviour (B = 0.42, CI95 = [0.02; 0.81], p = .03). Go/No-Go tasks seem to have most potential for altering dietary behaviours through implicit processes. While changes in implicit biases seem related to the effects of these interventions on dietary outcomes, more research should explore whether repeated exposure to implicit bias interventions may have any practical intervention value in real world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias B Aulbach
- a Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Keegan Knittle
- a Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Ari Haukkala
- a Faculty of Social Sciences, Social Psychology , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
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Cummins J, Tyndall I, Curtis A, Roche B. The Function Acquisition Speed Test (FAST) as a Measure of Verbal Stimulus Relations in the Context of Condom Use. PSYCHOLOGICAL RECORD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40732-018-0321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hagger MS, Polet J, Lintunen T. The reasoned action approach applied to health behavior: Role of past behavior and tests of some key moderators using meta-analytic structural equation modeling. Soc Sci Med 2018; 213:85-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Luqman A, Masood A, Ali A. An SDT and TPB-based integrated approach to explore the role of autonomous and controlled motivations in “SNS discontinuance intention”. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hagger MS, Trost N, Keech JJ, Chan DK, Hamilton K. Predicting sugar consumption: Application of an integrated dual-process, dual-phase model. Appetite 2017; 116:147-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chung PK, Zhang CQ, Liu JD, Chan DKC, Si G, Hagger MS. The process by which perceived autonomy support predicts motivation, intention, and behavior for seasonal influenza prevention in Hong Kong older adults. BMC Public Health 2017; 18:65. [PMID: 28754156 PMCID: PMC5534058 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4608-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the effectiveness of a theoretical framework that integrates self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining the use of facemasks to prevent seasonal influenza among Hong Kong older adults. METHODS Data were collected at two time points in the winter in Hong Kong, during which influenza is most prevalent. At Time 1, older adults (N = 141) completed self-report measures of SDT (perceived autonomy support from senior center staff, autonomous motivation for influenza prevention) and TPB (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention for influenza prevention) constructs with respect to facemask used to prevent infection. Two weeks later, at Time 2, participants' acceptance of a facemask to prevent influenza in the presence of an experimenter with flu-like symptoms was recorded. RESULTS Path analysis found that perceived autonomy support of senior center staff was positively and significantly linked to autonomous motivation for facemask use, which, in turn, was positively related to intentions to wear facemasks through the mediation of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. However, the effect of intention on facemask use was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Results generally support the proposed framework and the findings of previous studies with respect to intention, but the non-significant intention-behavior relationship may warrant future research to examine the reasons for older adults not to wear facemasks to prevent seasonal influenza despite having positive intentions to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.
| | - Chun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Jing-Dong Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Derwin King-Chung Chan
- Institute of Human Performance, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Gangyan Si
- Sport Psychology Center, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martin S Hagger
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China.,Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.,Department of Sport Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Morse DS, Wilson JL, McMahon JM, Dozier AM, Quiroz A, Cerulli C. Does a Primary Health Clinic for Formerly Incarcerated Women Increase Linkage to Care? Womens Health Issues 2017; 27:499-508. [PMID: 28302351 PMCID: PMC5511582 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined a primary care-based program to address the health needs of women recently released from incarceration by facilitating access to primary medical, mental health, and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. STUDY DESIGN Peer community health workers recruited women released from incarceration within the past 9 months into the Women's Initiative Supporting Health Transitions Clinic (WISH-TC). Located within an urban academic medical center, WISH-TC uses cultural, gender, and trauma-specific strategies grounded in the self-determination theory of motivation. Data abstracted from intake forms and medical charts were examined using bivariate and multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS Of the 200 women recruited, 100 attended the program at least once. Most (83.0%) did not have a primary care provider before enrollment. Conditions more prevalent than in the general population included psychiatric disorders (94.0%), substance use (90.0%), intimate partner violence (66.0%), chronic pain (66.0%), and hepatitis C infection (12.0%). Patients received screening and vaccinations (65.9%-87.0%), mental health treatment (91.5%), and SUD treatment (64.0%). Logistic regression revealed that receipt of mental health treatment was associated with number of psychiatric (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], = 4.09; p < .01), and social/behavioral problems (AOR, 2.67; p = .04), and higher median income (AOR, 1.07; p = .05); African American race predicted lower receipt of SUD treatment (AOR, 0.08; p < .01). CONCLUSIONS An innovative primary care transitions program successfully helped women recently released from incarceration to receive medical, mental health, and SUD treatment. Primary care settings with specialty programs, including community health workers, may provide a venue to screen, assess, and help recently incarcerated women access needed care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane S Morse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Women's Initiative Supporting Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.
| | - John L Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - James M McMahon
- University of Rochester School of Nursing, Rochester, New York
| | - Ann M Dozier
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Anabel Quiroz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Catherine Cerulli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Susan B. Anthony Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
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Kaushal N, Rhodes RE, Meldrum JT, Spence JC. The role of habit in different phases of exercise. Br J Health Psychol 2017; 22:429-448. [PMID: 28374463 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary purpose of this study was to investigate how habit strength in a preparatory and performance phase predicts exercise while accounting for intention. The secondary purpose was to determine the strength of potential habit antecedents (affective judgement, perceived behavioural control, consistency, and cues) in both exercise phases. DESIGN This was a prospective study with measures collected at baseline and week 6. METHODS Participants (n = 181) were a sample of adults (18-65) recruited across nine gyms and recreation centres who completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires after 6 weeks. RESULTS Intention (β = .28, p = .00) and habit preparation (β = .20, p = .03), predicted exercise, and change of exercise with coefficients of β = .25, (p = .00) and β = .18, (p = .04), respectively, across 6 weeks but not habit performance (p>.05). CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the distinction between the two phases of exercise and the importance of preparatory habit in predicting behaviour. Focusing on a consistent preparatory routine could be helpful in establishing an exercise habit. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? A recent meta-analysis found habit to correlate r = .43 with behaviour (Gardner, de Bruijn, & Lally, ). Verplanken and Melkevik () propose that habit in exercise should be measured in separate components. Phillips and Gardner () interpreted this as habitual instigation (thought) to exercise and execution. What does this study add? Extended pervious work and identified two distinct behavioural phases (preparation and performance) for exercise. Habit model revealed that temporal consistency was the strongest predictor in both phases of exercise. Intention and habit of preparatory behaviour predicted exercise fluctuations in gym members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Kaushal
- Faculty of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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Gareau A, Gaudreau P. Working memory moderates the effect of the integrative process of implicit and explicit autonomous motivation on academic achievement. Br J Psychol 2017; 108:701-720. [DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gareau
- Laboratory for research on Achievement, Motivation and the Regulation of Action (LAMRA); School of Psychology; University of Ottawa; Ontario Canada
| | - Patrick Gaudreau
- Laboratory for research on Achievement, Motivation and the Regulation of Action (LAMRA); School of Psychology; University of Ottawa; Ontario Canada
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Arnautovska U, O'Callaghan F, Hamilton K. Applying the Integrated Behavior Change Model to Understanding Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 39:43-55. [PMID: 28573943 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2015-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We explored older adults' experiences of physical activity (PA) and related decision-making processes underlying PA. Twenty Australians (Mage = 73.8 years) participated in semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and identified themes were matched deductively within motivational, volitional, and implicit processes of the integrated behavior change model for PA. Motivational influences such as participants' time orientation toward health and perceptions of what PA should be like were frequently featured in participants' narratives. Volitional processes were also identified, with participants reporting different ways of coping with competing priorities. Physical surroundings and habitual PA were the identified themes within implicit processes. Together, these findings contribute to a better understanding of subjective experiences of older adults regarding PA. They also add to a more contextual understanding of multiple decision-making processes underpinning older adults' PA engagement. Identified concepts may be used in future research and PA interventions targeting older adults.
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Eynon MJ, O’Donnell C, Williams L. Assessing the impact of autonomous motivation and psychological need satisfaction in explaining adherence to an exercise referral scheme. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2016; 22:1056-1062. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1274041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael John Eynon
- School of Human & Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, England, UK
| | - Christopher O’Donnell
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland, UK
| | - Lynn Williams
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Caudwell KM, Keatley DA. The Effect of Men's Body Attitudes and Motivation for Gym Attendance. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:2550-6. [PMID: 26817738 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Caudwell, KM and Keatley, DA. The effect of men's body attitudes and motivation for gym attendance. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2550-2556, 2016-The current study integrates men's body attitudes with implicitly and explicitly measured motivation to investigate the role of these factors in predicting gym attendance. Male participants (N = 99) who regularly attended a gym were recruited to participate in an online questionnaire. Participants completed implicit and explicit measures of motivation, explicitly measured men's body attitudes, and reported the average number of gym visits per week. Attitudes related to body fat and explicitly measured autonomous motivation significantly predicted typical gym attendance. Implicitly measured motivation significantly and negatively predicted gym attendance. Results indicate some support for a dual-systems account of gym attendance. Men's body attitudes and autonomous motivation influences gym attendance; however, implicitly measured motivation showed antagonistic effects. Although individuals may explicitly state their autonomous motivation for gym attendance, attendance may also be influenced at the explicit level. Health and fitness professionals may improve gym attendance by focusing on people's reasons for attending a gym, facilitating autonomous motivation in clients, and minimizing the influence of controlled reasons for exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Caudwell
- 1Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia; and 2Forensic and Clinical Psychology Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
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Arnautovska U, Fleig L, O'Callaghan F, Hamilton K. A longitudinal investigation of older adults' physical activity: Testing an integrated dual-process model. Psychol Health 2016; 32:166-185. [PMID: 27838920 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1250273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of conscious and non-conscious processes for prediction of older adults' physical activity (PA), we tested a dual-process model that integrated motivational (behavioural intention) and volitional (action planning and coping planning) processes with non-conscious, automatic processes (habit). METHOD Participants (N = 215) comprised community-dwelling older adults (M = 73.8 years). A longitudinal design was adopted to investigate direct and indirect effects of intentions, habit strength (Time 1), and action planning and coping planning (Time 2) on PA behaviour (Time 3). Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the model. RESULTS The model provided a good fit to the data, accounting for 44% of the variance in PA behaviour at Time 3. PA was predicted by intentions, action planning, and habit strength, with action planning mediating the intention-behaviour relationship. An effect of sex was also found where males used fewer planning strategies and engaged in more PA than females. CONCLUSIONS By investigating an integration of conscious and non-conscious processes, this study provides a novel understanding of older adults' PA. Interventions aiming to promote PA behaviour of older adults should target the combination of psychological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urska Arnautovska
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Lena Fleig
- b Health Psychology , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Frances O'Callaghan
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia.,c School of Psychology and Speech Pathology and Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
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Cheval B, Sarrazin P, Radel R. Processus automatiques et activités physiques bénéfiques pour la santé. ANNEE PSYCHOLOGIQUE 2016. [DOI: 10.3917/anpsy.162.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Rebar AL, Dimmock JA, Jackson B, Rhodes RE, Kates A, Starling J, Vandelanotte C. A systematic review of the effects of non-conscious regulatory processes in physical activity. Health Psychol Rev 2016; 10:395-407. [PMID: 27118430 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2016.1183505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hagger MS. Implicating Self-Control in the Mechanism by which Implementation Intentions Reduce Stress-Induced Unhealthy Eating: a Comment on O'Connor et al. Ann Behav Med 2016; 49:301-4. [PMID: 25582988 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-014-9678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Hagger
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia,
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Predicting Self-Management Behaviors in Familial Hypercholesterolemia Using an Integrated Theoretical Model: the Impact of Beliefs About Illnesses and Beliefs About Behaviors. Int J Behav Med 2016; 23:282-294. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-015-9531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Caudwell KM, Hagger MS. Predicting Alcohol Pre-Drinking in Australian Undergraduate Students Using an Integrated Theoretical Model. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2015; 7:188-213. [DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Millar M, Westfall RS. The effects of implicit anxiety on the performance of skin self-examinations. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murray Millar
- Department of Psychology; University of Nevada; Las Vegas NV United States
| | - R. Shane Westfall
- Department of Psychology; University of Nevada; Las Vegas NV United States
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Keatley DA, Chan DKC, Caudwell K, Chatzisarantis NLD, Hagger MS. A consideration of what is meant by automaticity and better ways to measure it. Front Psychol 2015; 5:1537. [PMID: 25628582 PMCID: PMC4290469 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David A Keatley
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Derwin K C Chan
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kim Caudwell
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nikos L D Chatzisarantis
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Martin S Hagger
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
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Hagger MS, Rebar AL, Mullan B, Lipp OV, Chatzisarantis NLD. The subjective experience of habit captured by self-report indexes may lead to inaccuracies in the measurement of habitual action. Health Psychol Rev 2014; 9:296-302. [PMID: 25189762 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2014.959728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Hagger
- a Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , WA , Australia
| | - Amanda L Rebar
- b Centre for Physical Activity Studies, Institute of Health and Social Science Research , Central Queensland University , Rockhampton , QLD , Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- a Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , WA , Australia
| | - Ottmar V Lipp
- a Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , WA , Australia
| | - Nikos L D Chatzisarantis
- a Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , WA , Australia
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Hagger MS, Chatzisarantis NL. An Integrated Behavior Change Model for Physical Activity. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2014; 42:62-9. [DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Keatley DA, Clarke DD, Ferguson E, Hagger MS. Effects of pretesting implicit self-determined motivation on behavioral engagement: evidence for the mere measurement effect at the implicit level. Front Psychol 2014; 5:125. [PMID: 24592249 PMCID: PMC3923262 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into individuals’ intended behavior and performance has traditionally adopted explicitly measured, self-report constructs, and outcomes. More recently, research has shown that completing explicit self-report measures of constructs may effect subsequent behavior, termed the “mere measurement” effect. The aim of the present experiment was to investigate whether implicit measures of motivation showed a similar mere measurement effect on subsequent behavior. It may be the case that measuring the implicit systems affects subsequent implicit interventions (e.g., priming), observable on subsequent behavior. Priming manipulations were also given to participants in order to investigate the interaction between measurement and priming of motivation. Initially, a 2 [implicit association test (IAT: present vs. absent) ×2 (Prime: autonomous vs. absent) and a 2 (IAT: present vs. absent) × 2 (Prime: controlled vs. absent)] between participants designs were conducted, these were them combined into a 2 (IAT: present vs. absent) ×3 (Prime: autonomous vs. controlled vs. absent) between participants design, with attempts at a novel task taken as the outcome measure. Implicit measure completion significantly decreased behavioral engagement. Priming autonomous motivation significantly facilitated, and controlled motivation significantly inhibited performance. Finally, there was a significant implicit measurement × priming interaction, such that priming autonomous motivation only improved performance in the absence of the implicit measure. Overall, this research provides an insight into the effects of implicit measurement and priming of motivation and the combined effect of completing both tasks on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Keatley
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David D Clarke
- Personality, Social Psychology, and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham,UK
| | - Eamonn Ferguson
- Personality, Social Psychology, and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham,UK
| | - Martin S Hagger
- Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia
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Hagger MS, Hardcastle SJ, Chater A, Mallett C, Pal S, Chatzisarantis NLD. Autonomous and controlled motivational regulations for multiple health-related behaviors: between- and within-participants analyses. Health Psychol Behav Med 2014; 2:565-601. [PMID: 25750803 PMCID: PMC4346087 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2014.912945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-determination theory has been applied to the prediction of a number of health-related behaviors with self-determined or autonomous forms of motivation generally more effective in predicting health behavior than non-self-determined or controlled forms. Research has been confined to examining the motivational predictors in single health behaviors rather than comparing effects across multiple behaviors. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by testing the relative contribution of autonomous and controlling motivation to the prediction of a large number of health-related behaviors, and examining individual differences in self-determined motivation as a moderator of the effects of autonomous and controlling motivation on health behavior. Participants were undergraduate students (N = 140) who completed measures of autonomous and controlled motivational regulations and behavioral intention for 20 health-related behaviors at an initial occasion with follow-up behavioral measures taken four weeks later. Path analysis was used to test a process model for each behavior in which motivational regulations predicted behavior mediated by intentions. Some minor idiosyncratic findings aside, between-participants analyses revealed significant effects for autonomous motivational regulations on intentions and behavior across the 20 behaviors. Effects for controlled motivation on intentions and behavior were relatively modest by comparison. Intentions mediated the effect of autonomous motivation on behavior. Within-participants analyses were used to segregate the sample into individuals who based their intentions on autonomous motivation (autonomy-oriented) and controlled motivation (control-oriented). Replicating the between-participants path analyses for the process model in the autonomy- and control-oriented samples did not alter the relative effects of the motivational orientations on intention and behavior. Results provide evidence for consistent effects of autonomous motivation on intentions and behavior across multiple health-related behaviors with little evidence of moderation by individual differences. Findings have implications for the generalizability of proposed effects in self-determination theory and intentions as a mediator of distal motivational factors on health-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hagger
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - S J Hardcastle
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University , Perth , Australia ; School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton , Eastbourne , UK
| | - A Chater
- Department of Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University College London , London , UK
| | - C Mallett
- School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - S Pal
- School of Public Health, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - N L D Chatzisarantis
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University , Perth , Australia
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Hagger MS, Luszczynska A. Implementation intention and action planning interventions in health contexts: state of the research and proposals for the way forward. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2013; 6:1-47. [PMID: 24591064 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the literature on two planning intervention techniques in health behaviour research, implementation intentions and action planning, and to develop evidence-based recommendations for effective future interventions and highlight priority areas for future research. We focused our review on four key areas: (1) definition and conceptualisation; (2) format and measurement; (3) mechanisms and processes; and (4) design issues. Overall, evidence supports the effectiveness of planning interventions in health behaviour with advantages including low cost and response burden. There is, however, considerable heterogeneity in the effects across studies and relatively few registered randomised trials that include objective behavioural measures. Optimally effective planning interventions should adopt "if-then" plans, account for salient and relevant cues, include examples of cues, be guided rather than user-defined, and include boosters. Future studies should adopt randomised controlled designs, report study protocols, include fidelity checks and relevant comparison groups, and adopt long-term behavioural follow-up measures. Priority areas for future research include the identification of the moderators and mediators of planning intervention effects. Future research also needs to adopt "best practice" components of planning interventions more consistently to elucidate the mechanisms and processes involved.
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Myopia prevention, near work, and visual acuity of college students: integrating the theory of planned behavior and self-determination theory. J Behav Med 2013; 37:369-80. [PMID: 23404136 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-013-9494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There has been little research examining the psychological antecedents of safety-oriented behavior aimed at reducing myopia risk. This study utilizes self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to understand the role of motivational and social-cognitive factors on individuals' near-work behavior. Adopting a prospective design, undergraduate students (n = 107) completed an initial questionnaire based on SDT in week 1, a second questionnaire containing measures of TPB variables in week 2, and objective measures of reading distance and visual acuity in week 6. The data were analyzed by variance-based structural equation modeling. The results showed that perceived autonomy support and autonomous motivation from SDT significantly predicted attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control from the TPB. These social-cognitive factors were significantly associated with intention and intention significantly predicted reading distance. The relationships in the model held when controlling for visual acuity. In conclusion, the integrated model of SDT and the TPB may help explain myopia-preventive behaviors.
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de Ridder D. Themed issue: plans, norms, motivation, and cheating a little - the curious case of healthy eating. Psychol Health 2013; 27 Suppl 2:1-6. [PMID: 22973880 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2012.721957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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