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Hu D, Guan JL. The roles of immune cells in Behçet's disease. Adv Rheumatol 2023; 63:49. [PMID: 37814339 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis that can affect multiple systems, including the skin, mucous membranes, joints, eyes, gastrointestinal and nervous. However, the pathogenesis of BD remains unclear, and it is believed that immune-inflammatory reactions play a crucial role in its development. Immune cells are a critical component of this process and contribute to the onset and progression of BD. By regulating the function of these immune cells, effective control over the occurrence and development of BD can be achieved, particularly with regards to monocyte activation and aggregation, macrophage differentiation and polarization, as well as T cell subset differentiation. This review provides a brief overview of immune cells and their role in regulating BD progression, which may serve as a theoretical foundation for preventing and treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, #221 Yan'an West Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Long Guan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, #221 Yan'an West Road, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China.
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2
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Jo SL, Yang H, Lee HW, Hong EJ. Curcumae radix Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mice with Chronic Neuroinflammation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2107. [PMID: 37626603 PMCID: PMC10452873 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a condition in which the ER protein-folding machinery is impaired, leading to the accumulation of improperly folded proteins and triggering an unfolded-protein response. Excessive ER stress causes cell death and contributes to the development of chronic diseases. Interestingly, there is a bidirectional relationship between ER stress and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound found in Curcumae radix, exerts its neuroprotective effects by regulating ER stress and inflammation. Therefore, investigating the potential protective and regulatory effects of curcumin on ER stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration under chronic neuroinflammatory conditions is of great interest. Mice were pretreated with Curcumae radix extract (CRE) for 19 days and then treated with CRE plus lipopolysaccharide for 1 week. We monitored pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum and ER stress-, inflammation-, and neurodegeneration-related markers in the mouse cerebrum and hippocampus using Western blotting and qRT-PCR. CRE reduced Interleukin-1 beta levels in the blood and brain of mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation. CRE also suppressed the expression of markers related to the ER stress and NF-κB signaling pathways. The expression of neurodegeneration-related markers was reduced in the mouse cerebrum and hippocampus. CRE exerts neuroprotective effects under chronic inflammatory conditions via multifaceted anti-inflammatory and ER stress-pathway regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Lae Jo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Yang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hye Won Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
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Sabouni N, Marzouni HZ, Palizban S, Meidaninikjeh S, Kesharwani P, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Role of curcumin and its nanoformulations in the treatment of neurological diseases through the effects on stem cells. J Drug Target 2023; 31:243-260. [PMID: 36305097 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2141755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin from turmeric is a natural phenolic compound with a promising potential to regulate fundamental processes involved in neurological diseases, including inflammation, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and apoptosis at the molecular level. In this regard, employing nanoformulation can improve curcumin efficiency by reducing its limitations, such as low bioavailability. Besides curcumin, growing data suggest that stem cells are a noteworthy candidate for neurodegenerative disorders therapy due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuronal-differentiation properties, which result in neuroprotection. Curcumin and stem cells have similar neurogenic features and can be co-administered in a cell-drug delivery system to achieve better combination therapeutic outcomes for neurological diseases. Based on the evidence, curcumin can induce the neuroprotective activity of stem cells by modulating their related signalling pathways. The present review is about the role of curcumin and its nanoformulations in the improvement of neurological diseases alone and through the effect on different categories of stem cells by discussing the underlying mechanisms to provide a roadmap for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Sabouni
- Department of Immunology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hadi Zare Marzouni
- Qaen School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sepideh Palizban
- Semnan Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Meidaninikjeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Biomedical Center (CBC) Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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4
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Abdollahi E, Johnston TP, Ghaneifar Z, Vahedi P, Goleij P, Azhdari S, Moghaddam AS. Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Inflammatory Diseases. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2023; 16:2-14. [PMID: 35331128 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220324114624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to their plasticity, macrophages exert critical effects on both promoting and suppressing inflammatory processes. Pathologic inflammatory conditions are frequently correlated with dynamic alterations in macrophage activation, with classically activated M1 cells associated with the promotion and maintenance of inflammation and M2 cells being linked to the resolution or smouldering of chronic inflammation. Inflammation deputes a common feature of various chronic diseases and the direct involvement in the insurgence and development of these conditions. Macrophages participate in an autoregulatory loop characterizing the inflammatory process, as they produce a wide range of biologically active mediators that exert either deleterious or beneficial effects during the inflammation. Therefore, balancing the favorable ratios of M1/M2 macrophages can help ameliorate the inflammatory landscape of pathologic conditions. Curcumin is a component of turmeric with many pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVE Recent results from both in-vivo and in-vitro studies have indicated that curcumin can affect polarization and/or functions of macrophage subsets in the context of inflammation-related diseases. There is no comprehensive review of the impact of curcumin on cytokines involved in macrophage polarization in the context of inflammatory diseases. The present review will cover some efforts to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which curcumin modulates the macrophage polarization in distant pathological inflammatory conditions, such as cancer, autoimmunity, renal inflammation, stroke, atherosclerosis, and macrophage-driven pathogenesis. RESULTS The accumulation of the findings from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies suggests that curcumin beneficially influences M1 and M2 macrophages in a variety of inflammatory diseases with unfavorable macrophage activation. CONCLUSION Curcumin not only enhances anti-tumor immunity (via shifting M polarization towards M1 phenotype and/or up-regulation of M1 markers expression) but ameliorates inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases (experimental autoimmune myocarditis and Behcet's disease), nephropathy, chronic serum sickness, stroke, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Abdollahi
- Department of Gynecology, Woman Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Zahra Ghaneifar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parviz Vahedi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
| | - Sara Azhdari
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Abbas Shapouri Moghaddam
- Department of Immunology, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ottonelli I, Sharma A, Ruozi B, Tosi G, Duskey JT, Vandelli MA, Lafuente JV, Nozari A, Muresanu DF, Buzoianu AD, Tian ZR, Zhang Z, Li C, Feng L, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Nanowired Delivery of Curcumin Attenuates Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity and Elevates Levels of Dopamine and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 32:385-416. [PMID: 37480467 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is a well-known antioxidant used as traditional medicine in China and India since ages to treat variety of inflammatory ailments as a food supplement. Curcumin has antitumor properties with neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease. Curcumin elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine (DA) levels in the brain indicating its role in substance abuse. Methamphetamine (METH) is one of the most abused substances in the world that induces profound neurotoxicity by inducing breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), vasogenic edema and cellular injuries. However, influence of curcumin on METH-induced neurotoxicity is still not well investigated. In this investigation, METH neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effects of curcumin nanodelivery were examined in a rat model. METH (20 mg/kg, i.p.) neurotoxicity is evident 4 h after its administration exhibiting breakdown of BBB to Evans blue albumin in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamus and hypothalamus associated with vasogenic brain edema as seen measured using water content in all these regions. Nissl attaining exhibited profound neuronal injuries in the regions of BBB damage. Normal curcumin (50 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 min after METH administration was able to reduce BBB breakdown and brain edema partially in some of the above brain regions. However, TiO2 nanowired delivery of curcumin (25 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly attenuated brain edema, neuronal injuries and the BBB leakage in all the brain areas. BDNF level showed a significant higher level in METH-treated rats as compared to saline-treated METH group. Significantly enhanced DA levels in METH-treated rats were also observed with nanowired delivery of curcumin. Normal curcumin was able to slightly elevate DA and BDNF levels in the selected brain regions. Taken together, our observations are the first to show that nanodelivery of curcumin induces superior neuroprotection in METH neurotoxicity probable by enhancing BDNF and DA levels in the brain, not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ottonelli
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Barbara Ruozi
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Vandelli
- Te.far.t.I, Dept of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesia and Critical Care, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dafin Fior Muresanu
- "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnosis, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Dept. Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Med., Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zeng L, Yang T, Yang K, Yu G, Li J, Xiang W, Chen H. Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the Treatment of 10 Types of Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 31 Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Immunol 2022; 13:896476. [PMID: 35979355 PMCID: PMC9376628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.896476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Methods Databases such as Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and The Cochrane Library were searched from the database establishment to February 2022 to collect RCTs of Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Then the literature was screened and the data were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 34 records were included, involving 31 RCTs and 10 types of autoimmune disease. Among them, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) involves one RCT, Behcet ‘s disease (BD) involves one RCT, Crohn ‘s disease involves two RCTs, multiple sclerosis (MS) involves two RCTs, oral lichen planus involves six RCTs, psoriasis involves two RCTs, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves five RCTs, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves two RCTs, arteritis involves one RCT, ulcerative colitis (UC) involves nine RCTs. Among them, most of the RCTs of ulcerative colitis (UC), oral lichen planus, RA showed that curcumin and curcumin extracts improved clinical or laboratory results. Crohn ‘ s disease, MS, SLE, psoriasis included two RCTs; they all showed improvements (at least one RCT reported improvements in clinical outcomes). AS, BD and arteritis included only one RCT, and the clinical results showed improvement. However, due to the small number of RCTs and the small number of patients involved in each disease, there is still a need for more high-quality RCTs. Conclusion Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract had good clinical efficacy in the treatment of Psoriasis, UC and RA, so Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract could be used in the treatment of the above diseases in the future. The results of Meta-analysis showed that Curcumin and Curcuma longa Extract did not show efficacy in the treatment of oral lichen planus, while Takayasu arteritis, SLE, MS, AS, BD and CD did not report sufficient clinical data for meta-analysis. Therefore, large-sample, multi-center clinical trials are still needed for revision or validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Tiejun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First people’s Hospital Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Chen, ; Liuting Zeng, ; Tiejun Yang, ; Kailin Yang,
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Chen D, Yu C, Ying Y, Luo Y, Ren L, Zhu C, Yang K, Wu B, Liu Q. Study of the Osteoimmunomodulatory Properties of Curcumin-Modified Copper-Bearing Titanium. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103205. [PMID: 35630685 PMCID: PMC9144993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis can lead to implant failure. In this study, curcumin (CUR) was modified onto the copper-bearing titanium alloy (Cu-Ti) with the assistance of polydopamine (PDA) in order to study the bone immune response and subsequent osteogenesis. FE-SEM, XPS and water contact angle were utilized to characterize the coating surface. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and macrophages were cultured separately and together onto the CUR modified Cu-Ti. Cell activity, expression of relative genes and proteins, cell migration ability, and fluorescence staining of cells were performed. CUR modification slightly increased the activation of M1-type and M2-type cells under physiological conditions. In the inflammation state, CUR inhibited the overexpression of M1 macrophages and induced M2-type differentiation. In addition, the modification itself could provoke the expression of osteoblastic-related genes of BMSCs, while promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the activation of macrophages in both physiological and inflammatory states. The BMSCs migration was increased, the expression of osteogenic-related genes and proteins was up-regulated, and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was increased. Thus, the modification of CUR can promote the osteointegration effect of Cu-Ti by bone immunomodulation and may, in addition, improve the success rate of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; (D.C.); (C.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; (D.C.); (C.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; (D.C.); (C.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuanyi Luo
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ling Ren
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (L.R.); (K.Y.)
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ke Yang
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (L.R.); (K.Y.)
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; (D.C.); (C.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (B.W.); Tel.: +86-20-62787153 (Q.L.); +86-20-62787678 (B.W.)
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; (D.C.); (C.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (B.W.); Tel.: +86-20-62787153 (Q.L.); +86-20-62787678 (B.W.)
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Farzaneh R, Khabbazi A, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Abbasian S, Malek Mahdavi A, Motavalli R, Yousefi M. Effects of nanocurcumin supplementation on T-helper 17 cells inflammatory response in patients with Behcet's disease: a randomized controlled trial. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:206-215. [PMID: 35021944 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2026380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Present research was performed to assess the effects of nanocurcumin supplementation on T-helper 17 (Th17) cells inflammatory response in patients with Behcet's disease (BD). METHODS In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 36 BD subjects were randomly placed into two groups to take 80 mg/day nanocurcumin or placebo for eight weeks. Disease activity, frequency of Th17 cells and expression of related parameters including retinoic acid-related orphan receptor γ (RORγt) transcription factor messenger RNA (mRNA), related microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-155, miRNA-181, and miRNA-326 as well as proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23 were evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-two patients (17 in the nanocurcumin and 15 in the placebo groups) completed the trial. Number of Th17 cells decreased significantly in the nanocurcumin group compared to baseline (p = .012) and placebo (p = .047). Moreover, RORγt, IL-17, IL-23, miRNA-155, miRNA-181, and miRNA-326 mRNA expression decreased significantly in the nanocurcumin group compared with baseline (p = .004, p = .009, p < .001, p < .001, p < .001, p < .001, respectively) and placebo (p = .002, p = .021, p = .006, p = .035, p < .001, p = .017, respectively). Significant reductions in IL-17 and IL-23 were seen in nanocurcumin group compared with baseline (p = .017 and p = .015) and placebo (p = .047 and p = .048, respectively). Significant reduction in disease activity was observed in nanocurcumin group compared with placebo group (p = .035). CONCLUSION Nanocurcumin supplementation had favorable effects in improving inflammatory factors and disease activity in BD patients. Additional studies are warranted to suggest nanocurcumin as a safe complementary therapy in BD.HighlightsNanocurcumin supplementation decreased Th17 cells frequency significantly compared with baseline and placebo group.Nanocurcumin supplementation decreased mRNA expression of RORγt, IL-17, IL-23, miRNA-155, miRNA-181, and miRNA-326 significantly compared to baseline and placebo group.Nanocurcumin supplementation decreased cell supernatant IL-17 and IL-23 significantly compared to baseline and placebo group.Nanocurcumin supplementation decreased disease activity significantly compared to placebo group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojin Farzaneh
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Abbasian
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roza Motavalli
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ghareghomi S, Rahban M, Moosavi-Movahedi Z, Habibi-Rezaei M, Saso L, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. The Potential Role of Curcumin in Modulating the Master Antioxidant Pathway in Diabetic Hypoxia-Induced Complications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247658. [PMID: 34946740 PMCID: PMC8706440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the leading player in the onset and development of various diseases. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a pivotal antioxidant system that preserves the cells' redox balance. It decreases inflammation in which the nuclear trans-localization of Nrf2 as a transcription factor promotes various antioxidant responses in cells. Through some other directions and regulatory proteins, this pathway plays a fundamental role in preventing several diseases and reducing their complications. Regulation of the Nrf2 pathway occurs on transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and these regulations play a significant role in its activity. There is a subtle correlation between the Nrf2 pathway and the pivotal signaling pathways, including PI3 kinase/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB and HIF-1 factors. This demonstrates its role in the development of various diseases. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa with multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. Since hyperglycemia and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the leading causes of common diabetic complications, reducing the generation of ROS can be a fundamental approach to dealing with these complications. Curcumin can be considered a potential treatment option by creating an efficient therapeutic to counteract ROS and reduce its detrimental effects. This review discusses Nrf2 pathway regulation at different levels and its correlation with other important pathways and proteins in the cell involved in the progression of diabetic complications and targeting these pathways by curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Ghareghomi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Mahdie Rahban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.-R.); (A.A.M.-M.); Tel.: +98-21-6111-3214 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6111-3381 (A.A.M.-M.); Fax: +98-21-6697-1941 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6640-4680 (A.A.M.-M.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran; (S.G.); (M.R.)
- UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.H.-R.); (A.A.M.-M.); Tel.: +98-21-6111-3214 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6111-3381 (A.A.M.-M.); Fax: +98-21-6697-1941 (M.H.-R.); +98-21-6640-4680 (A.A.M.-M.)
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Olanlokun JO, Abiodun WO, Ebenezer O, Koorbanally NA, Olorunsogo OO. Curcumin modulates multiple cell death, matrix metalloproteinase activation and cardiac protein release in susceptible and resistant Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112454. [PMID: 34894518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory signaling, cell death, and metalloproteinases activation are events in Plasmodium infection. However, it is not known if treatment with mefloquine (MF), and curcumin (CM) supplementation, will modulate these conditions. Malaria was induced in two different studies using susceptible (NK 65, study 1) and resistant (ANKA, study 2) strains of mouse malaria parasites (Plasmodium berghei) in thirty male Swiss mice (n = 5) in each study. Following confirmation of parasitemia, mice received 10 mL/kg distilled water (infected control), MF (10 mg/kg), MF and CM (25 mg/kg), MF and CM (50 mg/kg), CM (25 mg/kg) and CM (50 mg/kg). Five mice (not infected) were used as control. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed, serum obtained and liver mitochondria were isolated. Serum Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukins-1 beta (IL-1β) and Interleukins-6 (IL-6) as well as caspases-3, 9 (C3 and C9), p53, serum troponin I (TI) and creatine kinase (CK), were assayed using ELISA techniques. Mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (mPT) pore opening, mitochondrial F0F1 ATPase activity, and lipid peroxidation (mLPO) were determined spectrophotometrically. Matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) expressions were determined using electrophoresis. CM supplementation (25 mg/kg) significantly decreased serum p53, TNF-α, CRP and IL-6 compared with MF. In the resistant model, CM prevented mPT pore opening, significantly decreased F0F1 ATPase activity and mLPO. MF activated caspase-3 while supplementation with CM significantly decreased this effect. Furthermore, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were selectively expressed in the susceptible model. Malarial treatment with mefloquine elicits different cell death responses while supplementation with curcumin decreased TI level and CK activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Olanlokun
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Wisdom Oshireku Abiodun
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Ebenezer
- Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Mangosuthu University of Technology, 511 Mangosuthu Highway, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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11
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Zou Y, Li JJ, Xue W, Kong X, Duan H, Li Y, Wei L. Epigenetic Modifications and Therapy in Uveitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:758240. [PMID: 34869347 PMCID: PMC8636745 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.758240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveitis is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammation, and the exact pathogenesis of uveitis is not yet clear. Recent studies, including multiple genome-wide association studies (GWASs), have identified genetic variations associated with the onset and progression of different types of uveitis, such as Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease and Behcet’s disease (BD). However, epigenetic regulation has been shown to play key roles in the immunoregulation of uveitis, and epigenetic therapies are promising treatments for intraocular inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent advances in identifying epigenetic programs that cooperate with the physiology of intraocular immune responses and the pathology of intraocular inflammation. These attempts to understand the epigenetic mechanisms of uveitis may provide hope for the future development of epigenetic therapies for these devastating intraocular inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangbin Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Hucheng Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Zhong T, Feng M, Su M, Wang D, Li Q, Jia S, Luo F, Wang H, Hu E, Yang X, Fan Y. Qihuzha granule attenuated LPS-induced acute spleen injury in mice via Src/MAPK/Stat3 signal pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114458. [PMID: 34352329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qihuzha granule (QHZG), is one of traditional Chinese patent medicines composed of eleven edible medicinal plant, which has been used in the clinic for the treatment of indigestion and anorexia in children caused by deficiency of the spleen and stomach. Yet it is noteworthy that QHZG has therapeutic effect on recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children. However, its potential molecular mechanisms remained unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of QHZG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute spleen injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The acute spleen injury model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) and safe doses of QHZG was administered by gavage once a day for 23 days before LPS treatment. Serum inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-1β, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were tested by ELISA. Related protein levels were detected by Western blotting. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to observe the histological alterations. The distribution of macrophages and neutrophils in the mouse spleen was examined by immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS QHZG pretreatment significantly abolished the increased secretion of cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-1β, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which were attributable to LPS treatment. Immunofluorescence staining and Histological analysis of spleen tissue revealed the protective effect of QHZG against LPS-induced acute spleen injury in mice. Further study indicated that pretreatment with QHZG significantly inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of Src. Accordingly, the increased phosphorylation of Src downstream components (JNK, ERK, P38 and STAT3) induced by LPS was remarkably diminished by QHZG, suggesting the involvement of Src/MAPK/STAT3 pathway in the inhibitory effects of QHZG on spleen injury in mice. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that QHZG protected mice from LPS-induced acute spleen injury via inhibition of Src/MAPK/Stat3 signal pathway. These results suggested that QHZG might serve as a new drug for the treatment of LPS-stimulated spleen injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Min Feng
- Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group (Guizhou) Hongqi Co., Ltd, Liupanshui, 553400, PR China
| | - Minzhi Su
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Daoping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Shuqin Jia
- Guiyang First People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Sunflower Pharmaceutical Group (Guizhou) Hongqi Co., Ltd, Liupanshui, 553400, PR China
| | - Enming Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
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13
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Nebrisi EE. Neuroprotective Activities of Curcumin in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11248. [PMID: 34681908 PMCID: PMC8537234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive multisystem disorder affecting dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which is characterized by a decrease of dopamine (DA) in their striatal terminals. Treatment of PD with levodopa or DA receptor agonists replaces the function of depleted DA in the striatum. Prolonged treatment with these agents often has variable therapeutic effects and leads to the development of undesirable dyskinesia. Consequently, a crucial unmet demand in the management of Parkinson's disease is the discovery of new approaches that could slow down, stop, or reverse the process of neurodegeneration. Novel potential treatments involving natural substances with neuroprotective activities are being developed. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric). It has been demonstrated to have potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, mitochondrial protecting, and iron-chelating effects, and is considered a promising therapeutic and nutraceutical agent for the treatment of PD. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the pharmacological actions of curcumin remain largely unknown. Stimulation of nicotinic receptors and, more precisely, selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7-nAChR), have been found to play a major modulatory role in the immune system via the "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway". Recently, α7-nAChR has been proposed to be a potential therapeutic approach in PD. In this review, the detailed mechanisms of the neuroprotective activities of curcumin as a potential therapeutic agent to help Parkinson's patients are being discussed and elaborated on in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam El Nebrisi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dubai Medical College, Dubai 20170, United Arab Emirates
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Abbasian S, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Khabbazi A, Farzaneh R, Malek Mahdavi A, Motavalli R, Hajialilo M, Yousefi M. Nanocurcumin supplementation ameliorates Behcet's disease by modulating regulatory T cells: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108237. [PMID: 34653732 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current research was designed to assess the effects of nanocurcumin supplementation on regulatory T (Treg) cells frequency and function in Behçet's disease (BD). In this randomized double-masked, placebo-controlled trial, 36 BD subjects were randomly put into two groups to take one 80 mg nanocurcumin capsule or placebo daily for 8 weeks. Before and after trial, disease activity, Treg cells frequency and expression of related immunologic parameters including forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3) transcription factor messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-25 and miRNA-106b as well as cytokines including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10 were studied. Thirty-two patients (17 in the nanocurcumin and 15 in the placebo groups) completed the trial. Treg cells frequency increased significantly in the nanocurcumin group compared with baseline (P < 0.001) and placebo group (P < 0.001). Moreover, FoxP3, TGF-β, IL-10, miRNA-25, and miRNA-106b mRNA expression levels increased considerably in the nanocurcumin group compared to baseline (P < 0.001) and placebo group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.025, P = 0.011, and P < 0.001, respectively). Significant increases in serum TGF-β and IL-10 were seen in nanocurcumin group compared with baseline (P < 0.001) and placebo group (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Significant decrease in disease activity was found in nanocurcumin group compared with placebo group (P = 0.044). Our study provided a promising view for desirable effects of nanocurcumin supplementation in improving immunological parameters and disease activity in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Abbasian
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rojin Farzaneh
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roza Motavalli
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Hajialilo
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Farashbandi AL, Shariati M, Mokhtari M. Comparing the Protective Effects of Curcumin and Ursodeoxycholic Acid after Ethanol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat Liver. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31:673-682. [PMID: 34483625 PMCID: PMC8365490 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i3.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption can cause hepatitis and long-term cirrhosis of the liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of curcumin (CUR) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) alone and together in the prevention and treatment of liver damage caused by overuse of ethanol. METHODS Adult Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of 5, including the control group and various combinations of ethanol, CUR and UDCA groups. Twenty-eight days after the oral treatment, serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and Arginase I (ArgI) as well as serum levels of Albumin (Alb), total protein (TP) and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) were measured, and liver tissue was evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS The solo administration of CUR, UDCA and CUR+UDCA had no effect on the blood parameters and liver tissue compared to the control group (p>0.05). The solo administration of CUR and UDCA in ethanol-treated rats significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, ArgI and BUN levels (p<0.05), while the solo administration increased Alb and TP levels compared to the ethanol group (p<0.05). In these groups, a significant decrease in cell necrosis and local inflammation of hepatocytes was observed, and the liver damage was mild. However, co-administration of ethanol, CUR and UDCA made significantly greater decrease in ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, ArgI and BUN levels (p>0.05), while the co-administration greatly increased Alb and TP levels compared to the ethanol group (p<0.05). Histopathologically, a decrease in structural changes in liver tissue and inflammation was observed, resulting in the improvement of liver tissue. CONCLUSION The solo administration of CUR and UDCA could reduce ethanol-induced liver damage in rats and improve liver's serum and blood parameters. However, the coadministration of CUR and UDCA has a greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Shariati
- Department of Biology, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Mokhtari
- Department of Biology, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
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16
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Cha M, Kwon M, Park M, Oh JH, Sung KK, Lee BH. Combined treatment of Taraxaci Herba and R7050 alleviates the symptoms of herpes simplex virus-induced Behçet's disease in rats. Integr Med Res 2021; 10:100720. [PMID: 33898245 PMCID: PMC8059053 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2021.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory systemic disease that affects multiple organs. The causes of BD are still unknown, but it is primarily characterized by autoimmune reaction in the blood vessels. Current research focuses on treatments that can reduce the non-typical inflammatory responses of BD. Nevertheless, studies on improving the inflammatory effect of BD using inflammation mechanisms are still insufficient. Therefore, we conducted the integrated treatments related to inflammation modulation and achieved alleviation of symptoms in BD mice. Methods To understand the complex etiology of BD and compare its management, the herpes simplex virus (HSV)-induced BD mouse model was used. In order to alleviate the inflammatory response in BD mice, Taraxaci Herba (TH, herbal medicine), R7050-a TNFα inhibitor, and a mixture of TH and R7050 were injected for 2 weeks repetitively. The SCORAD index was examined to evaluate the cutaneous inflammations. In addition, histological changes and inflammatory factors were analyzed. Results Repetitive injection of TH and/or R7050 reduced the symptoms of BD and significantly decreased IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα in blood sera. Moreover, this treatment reduced the ulcers and the deterioration of skin. Conclusions The results of our study showed that the down-regulation of inflammatory factors is related to the control of immune responses in BD models, suggesting that a mixed drug treatment may be more effective in improving the condition of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeounghoon Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Kwon
- Department of Nursing, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Park
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwan Oh
- Jangheung Integrative Medical Hospital, Wonkwang University, Jangheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Keyng Sung
- Jangheung Integrative Medical Hospital, Wonkwang University, Jangheung, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lababidi N, Montefusco-Pereira CV, de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz C, Lehr CM, Schneider M. Spray-dried multidrug particles for pulmonary co-delivery of antibiotics with N-acetylcysteine and curcumin-loaded PLGA-nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 157:200-210. [PMID: 33222771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the resistance of bacterial biofilms towards the available antibiotics is a severe problem. Therefore, many efforts were devoted to develop new formulations using nanotechnology. We have developed an inhalable microparticle formulation using spray-drying combining multiple drugs: an antibiotic (tobramycin, ciprofloxacin or azithromycin), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and curcumin (Cur). The use of PLGA nanoparticles (NP) also allowed incorporating curcumin to facilitate spray drying and modify the release of some compounds. The aerosolizable microparticles formulations were characterized in terms of size, morphology, and aerodynamic properties. Biocompatibility when tested on macrophage-like cells was acceptable after 20 h exposure for concentrations up to at least 32 µg/mL. Antibacterial activity of free drugs versus drugs in the multiple drug formulations was evaluated on P. aeruginosa in the same range. When co-delivered the efficacy of tobramycin was enhanced compared to the free drug for the 1 µg/mL concentration. The combinations of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin with NAC and Cur did not show an improved antibacterial activity. Bacteria-triggered cytokine release was not inhibited by free antibiotics, except for TNF-α. In contrast, the application of NAC and the addition of curcumin-loaded PLGA NPs showed a higher potential to inhibit TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β release. Overall, the approach described here allows simultaneous delivery of antibacterial, mucolytic, and anti-inflammatory compounds in a single inhalable formulation and may therefore pave the way for a more efficient therapy of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashrawan Lababidi
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carlos Victor Montefusco-Pereira
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Babaei F, Nassiri‐Asl M, Hosseinzadeh H. Curcumin (a constituent of turmeric): New treatment option against COVID-19. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5215-5227. [PMID: 33133525 PMCID: PMC7590269 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In late December 2019, the outbreak of respiratory illness emerged in Wuhan, China, and spreads worldwide. World Health Organization (WHO) named this disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a new member of beta coronaviruses. Several medications are prescribed to patients, and some clinical trials are underway. Scientists are trying to find a specific drug against this virus. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, and current treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Then, we describe the possible therapeutic effects of curcumin and its molecular mechanism against coronavirus-19. Curcumin, as an active constituent of Curcuma longa (turmeric), has been studied in several experimental and clinical trial studies. Curcumin has some useful clinical effects such as antiviral, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antifatigue effects that could be effective to manage the symptoms of the infected patient with COVID-19. It has several molecular mechanisms including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic properties with inhibitory effects on Toll-like receptors, NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and bradykinin. Scientific evidence suggests that curcumin could have a potential role to treat COVID-19. Thus, the use of curcumin in the clinical trial, as a new treatment option, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical BiochemistrySchool of Medicine, Student Research CommitteeShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Marjan Nassiri‐Asl
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology Research CenterSchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and ToxicologySchool of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Pharmaceutical Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Laali KK, Zwarycz AT, Beck N, Borosky GL, Nukaya M, Kennedy GD. Curcumin Conjugates of Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Synthesis, Structures, Anti-proliferative Assays, Computational Docking, and Inflammatory Response. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:822-834. [PMID: 32802728 PMCID: PMC7425154 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to combine the anti-proliferative effect of CUR-BF2 and CUR compounds with anti-inflammatory benefits of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), a library of the bis- and mono-NSAID/CUR-BF2 and NSAID/CUR conjugates were synthesized by coupling flufenamic acid, flurbiprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, and ibuprofen to diversely substituted hydroxy-benzaldehydes via an ester linkage, and by subsequent reaction with acetylacetone-BF2 to form the bis- and the mono-NSAID/CUR-BF2 adducts. Since conversion to NSAID/CUR by the previously developed decomplexation protocol showed limited success, a set of NSAID/CUR conjugates were independently prepared by directly coupling the NSAIDs with parent curcumin. The bis-NSAID/CUR-BF2 and bis-NSAID-CUR hybrids exhibited low cytotoxicity in NCI-60 assay, and in independent cell viability assay on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HCT116, HT29, DLD-1, RKO, SW837, CaCo2) and in normal CR cells (CCD841CoN). By contrast, the mono-naproxin and mono-flurbiprofen CUR-BF2 adducts exhibited remarkable anti-proliferative and apoptopic activity in NCI-60 assay most notably against HCT-116 (colon), OVCAR-3 (ovarian), and ACHN (renal) cells. Computational molecular docking calculations showed favorable binding energies to HER2, VEGFR2, BRAF, and Bcl-2 as well as to COX-1 and COX-2, which in several cases exceeded known inhibitors. The main interactions between the ligands and the proteins were hydrophobic, although several hydrogen bonds were also observed. A sub-set of six compounds that had exhibited little or no cytotoxicity were tested for their anti-inflammatory response with THP-1 human macrophages in comparison to parent NSAIDs or parent curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K. Laali
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Florida1 UNF DriveJacksonville, FL32224USA
| | - Angela T. Zwarycz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Florida1 UNF DriveJacksonville, FL32224USA
| | - Nicholas Beck
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Florida1 UNF DriveJacksonville, FL32224USA
| | - Gabriela L. Borosky
- INFIQC, CONICET and Departamento de Química Teórica y ComputacionalFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaCiudad UniversitariaCórdoba5000Argentina
| | - Manabu Nukaya
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Alabama-Birmingham School of MedicineBirminghamAL 35294-0016USA
| | - Gregory D. Kennedy
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Alabama-Birmingham School of MedicineBirminghamAL 35294-0016USA
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Regulating the Polarization of Macrophages: A Promising Approach to Vascular Dermatosis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8148272. [PMID: 32775470 PMCID: PMC7407038 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8148272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, a kind of innate immune cells, derive from monocytes in circulation and play a crucial role in the innate and adaptive immunity. Under the stimulation of the signals from local microenvironment, macrophages generally tend to differentiate into two main functional phenotypes depending on their high plasticity and heterogeneity, namely, classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2). This phenomenon is often called macrophage polarization. In pathological conditions, chronic persistent inflammation could induce an aberrant response of macrophage and cause a shift in their phenotypes. Moreover, this shift would result in the alteration of macrophage polarization in some vascular dermatoses; e.g., an increase in proinflammatory M1 emerges from Behcet's disease (BD), psoriasis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whereas an enhancement in anti-inflammatory M2 appears in infantile hemangioma (IH). Individual polarized phenotypes and their complicated cytokine networks may crucially mediate in the pathological processes of some vascular diseases (vascular dermatosis in particular) by activation of T cell subsets (such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells), deterioration of oxidative stress damage, and induction of angiogenesis, but the specific mechanism remains ambiguous. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the possible role of macrophage polarization in the pathological processes of vascular skin diseases. In addition, it is proposed that regulation of macrophage polarization may become a potential strategy for controlling these disorders.
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Wang T, Jing B, Xu D, Liao Y, Song H, Sun B, Guo W, Xu J, Li K, Hu M, Liu S, Ling J, Kuang Y, Zhang T, Zhang S, Yao F, Zhou BP, Deng J. PTGES/PGE 2 signaling links immunosuppression and lung metastasis in Gprc5a-knockout mouse model. Oncogene 2020; 39:3179-3194. [PMID: 32060421 PMCID: PMC7142021 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been linked to promotion of tumorigenesis and metastasis in lung. However, due to lack of a relevant animal model for characterization, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Lung tumor suppressor gene Gprc5a-knockout (ko) mice are susceptible to lung inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis, which resembles the pathological features in human patients. Here, we showed that PTGES/PGE2 signaling was highly associated with lung tumorigenesis and metastasis in Gprc5a-ko mice. Interestingly, Ptges-knockout in mouse lung tumor cells, although reduced their stemness and EMT-like features, still formed tumors and lung metastasis in immune-deficient nude mice, but not in immune-competent mice. This suggests that the major role of PTGES/PGE2 signaling in tumorigenicity and lung metastasis is through immunosuppression. Mechanistically, PTGES/PGE2 signaling intrinsically endows tumor cells resistant to T-cell cytotoxicity, and induces cytokines extrinsically for MDSC recruitment, which is crucial for suppression of T-cell immunity. Importantly, targeting PGE2 signaling in Gprc5a-ko mice by PTGES inhibitor suppressed MDSC recruitment, restored T cells, and significantly repressed lung metastasis. Thus, PTGES/PGE2 signaling links immunosuppression and metastasis in an inflammatory lung microenvironment of Gprc5a-ko mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueling Liao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyong Song
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Sun
- Translational Medical Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kaimi Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, the Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ling
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbin Kuang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Binhua P Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Jiong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Translational Medical Research Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Okuda M, Fujita Y, Sugimoto H. The Additive Effects of Low Dose Intake of Ferulic Acid, Phosphatidylserine and Curcumin, Not Alone, Improve Cognitive Function in APPswe/PS1dE9 Transgenic Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 42:1694-1706. [PMID: 31582657 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and its prevention and treatment is a worldwide issue. Many natural components considered to be effective against AD have been identified. However, almost all clinical trials of these components for AD reported inconclusive results. We thought that multiple factors such as amyloid β (Aβ) and tau progressed the pathology of AD and that a therapeutic effect would be obtained by using multiple active ingredients with different effects. Thus, in this study, we treated ferulic acid (FA), phosphatidylserine (PS) and curcumin (Cur) in combination or alone to APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice and evaluated cognitive function by Y-maze test. Consequently, only the three-ingredient group exhibited a significant improvement in cognitive function compared to the control group. In addition, we determined the amounts of Aβ, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin (IL)-1β, acetylcholine and phosphorylated tau in the mouse brains after the treatment. In the two-ingredient (FA and PS) group, a significant decrease in IL-1β and an increasing trend in acetylcholine were observed. In the Cur group, significant decreases in Aβ and phosphorylated tau and an increasing trend in BDNF were observed. In the three-ingredient group, all of them were observed. These results indicate that the intake of multiple active ingredients with different mechanisms of action for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Okuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University.,Green Tech Co., Ltd
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University.,Green Tech Co., Ltd
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Xie Y, Jiang L, Qiu J, Wang Y. A comparative evaluation of the immunotoxicity and immunomodulatory effects on macrophages exposed to aromatic trihalogenated DBPs. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:319-326. [PMID: 31046488 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1608444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), and 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP) are three aromatic halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) identified in chlorinated saline effluents. This study aimed to evaluate and compare their immunotoxicity and immunomodulatory effects on macrophages. Materials and methods: CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of TCP, TBP, and TIP in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. A light microscope and digital camera were used to record the morphological changes of RAW264.7 cells. qRT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of polarization markers and secreted cytokines. Cytokine production was also detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the expression of M1 and M2 markers on macrophages. Results: TCP, TBP, and TIP had different cytotoxic effects on macrophages. The rank order of cytotoxicity was TIP > TBP > TCP. Furthermore, the three halogenated DBPs displayed different preferences for macrophage polarization. Intriguingly, 200 μM TIP remarkably induced the M2-dominant polarization of macrophages, while 200 μM TCP induced an M1-dominant polarization of macrophages. TBP has a moderate ability in inducing M1 and M2 polarization compared with TCP and TIP. Conclusions: TIP displayed higher cytotoxicity against macrophages than TBP and TCP, its brominated and chlorinated analogs. Since M1 and M2 macrophages facilitate the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively, the discrepancy of TCP, TBP, and TIP in inducing macrophage polarization may lead to distinct immunomodulatory and toxicological outcomes, thus giving rise to different types of diseases. This finding may provide novel insights into evaluating the toxicity of environmental pollutants on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanci Xie
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Liujing Jiang
- b School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse , Nanjing University , Nanjing , China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yong Wang
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China.,c School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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Wu Y, Liu FF, Xu Y, Wang JJ, Samadli S, Wu YF, Liu HH, Chen WX, Luo HH, Zhang DD, Wei W, Hu P. Interleukin-6 is prone to be a candidate biomarker for predicting incomplete and IVIG nonresponsive Kawasaki disease rather than coronary artery aneurysm. Clin Exp Med 2019; 19:173-181. [PMID: 30617865 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-018-00544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, systemic vasculitis and occurs mainly in childhood. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine synthesized predominantly by neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages and plays an important role in systemic inflammatory disease. However, a little information is currently available on the relationship of serum IL-6 with conventional inflammatory mediators, clinical classification, IVIG response and coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). 165 Chinese children with KD were enrolled and divided into six subgroups, including complete KD, incomplete KD, IVIG-responsive KD, IVIG-nonresponsive KD, coronary artery noninvolvement KD and coronary artery involvement KD. Blood samples were collected from all subjects within 24-h pre- and 48-h post-IVIG therapy, respectively. Serum IL-6 and conventional inflammatory mediators were detected. (1) Serum IL-6 markedly increased in the acute phase of KD, whereas declined to normal after IVIG therapy; it was positively correlated with C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. (2) Serum IL-6 was significantly elevated in patients with incomplete KD when compared with their complete counterparts. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value for serum IL-6 in prediction of incomplete KD was 0.596, and the estimated sensitivity and specificity were 77.80% and 54.40% with a cutoff of IL-6 > 13.25 pg/ml, respectively. (3) Serum IL-6 was significantly elevated in patients with IVIG-nonresponsive KD when compared with their IVIG-responsive counterparts; the AUC value for serum IL-6 in prediction of IVIG-nonresponsive KD was 0.580, and the estimated sensitivity and specificity were 60.00% and 66.30% with a cutoff of IL-6 > 26.40 pg/ml, respectively. (4) No significant differences in IL-6 were found between KD patients with and without CAA. IL-6 is prone to be a candidate biomarker for predicting incomplete and IVIG nonresponsive KD rather than CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Fei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Sama Samadli
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Fang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Hui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Huang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Dong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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