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Thomas VE, Metlock FE, Hines AL, Commodore-Mensah Y, Brewer LC. Community-Based Interventions to Address Disparities in Cardiometabolic Diseases Among Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:467-477. [PMID: 37428390 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01119-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are leading causes of death and disproportionally impact historically marginalized racial/ethnic groups in the United States. The American Heart Association developed the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) to promote optimal cardiovascular health (CVH) through eight health behaviors and health factors. The purpose of this review is to summarize contemporary community-engaged research (CER) studies incorporating the LE8 framework among racial/ethnic groups. REVIEW OF FINDINGS Limited studies focused on the interface of CER and LE8. Based on synthesis of articles in this review, the application of CER to individual/collective LE8 metrics may improve CVH and reduce CMDs at the population level. Effective strategies include integration of technology, group activities, cultural/faith-based practices, social support, and structural/environmental changes. CER studies addressing LE8 factors in racial/ethnic groups play an essential role in improving CVH. Future studies should focus on broader scalability and health policy interventions to advance health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria E Thomas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Faith E Metlock
- John Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anika L Hines
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yvonne Commodore-Mensah
- John Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - LaPrincess C Brewer
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Mayo Clinic Center for Health Equity and Community Engagement Research, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K, Heikkinen R, Vasankari T, Virtanen T, Pihlainen K, Honkanen T, Kyröläinen H, Vaara JP. Relationships between psychosocial well-being and leisure time physical activity among 160.000 young Finnish men: a cross-sectional study during 2015-2021. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:26. [PMID: 36797747 PMCID: PMC9936718 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the relationship between psychosocial well-being and physical activity (PA) is insufficient, especially in young adults between 18 and 29 years. Identifying protective factors for psychosocial well-being as well as factors that may promote PA behaviour in this specific age group is crucial.The aim of the present study was to explore the association between self-reported leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and a number of measures of psychosocial well-being in a large sample of Finnish young men. The sample used for this study is based on registers of the Finnish Defence Forces and consist of questionnaire-based data collected from 159,776 young healthy men (18-29 years, mean age 19 years) who started their military service during the period from 2015 to 2021. Sum scores were calculated for self-esteem and prosocial behaviour. Physical activity, number of friends and the relationship with the parents were each measured with a single question. Unadjusted and adjusted (education, financial situation of the family, family structure) logistic regression models were calculated.A multinominal logistic regression analysis showed that a higher level of LTPA was associated with a higher level of both prosocial behaviour (OR 6.12, 95% CI 5.88-6.36) and self-esteem (OR 4.41 95% CI 4.28-4.54). Further, LTPA had a positive relationship with good social relations, both with peers and parents. The odds ratio for participation in any LTPA weekly was higher (OR 2.74; CI 2.27-3.20) among those who had a close and trustworthy relationship with their parents compared to those men with more challenging relationships with their parents (OR 1.77; CI 1.46-2.14). An inactive lifestyle (PA less than once a week) seemed to be most common among men with no friends. About one third (31%) of men with no friends reported to engage in LTPA less than once a week, while only 10% of men with very many good friends reported to engage in similarly inactive LTPA behaviour.LTPA seems to be positively associated with self-esteem, prosocial behaviour and good social relations among young adult men. Actions aimed at promoting LTPA may have a positive impact on psychosocial well-being among young men, or vice versa. The relationship between PA and psychosocial well-being is complex and interrelated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaija Appelqvist-Schmidlechner
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Equality Unit, Helsinki, Finland. .,Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Risto Heikkinen
- Statistical Analysis Services, Analyysitoimisto Statisti Oy, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- grid.415179.f0000 0001 0868 5401UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Toni Virtanen
- Finnish Defence Research Agency, Human Performance Division, Tuusula, Finland
| | - Kai Pihlainen
- Defence Command, Training Division, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Honkanen
- grid.418253.90000 0001 0340 0796Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- grid.449286.50000 0004 0647 6253Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.9681.60000 0001 1013 7965Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jani P. Vaara
- grid.449286.50000 0004 0647 6253Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
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Wan X, Huang H, Zhang Y, Peng Q, Guo X, Wu S, Li Y, Ding Y, Chen C. The effect of prosocial behaviours on Chinese undergraduate nursing students' subjective well-being: The mediating role of psychological resilience and coping styles. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2023; 32:277-289. [PMID: 36300668 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of prosocial behaviours on Chinese undergraduate nursing students' subjective well-being (SWB) and examine the roles of psychological resilience and coping styles. The sample for this study included 683 nursing students from two undergraduate universities in Henan Province, China. SWB, prosocial behaviours, psychological resilience, and coping styles were assessed by the Index of Well-Being, the Prosocial Behavioural Tendency Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, respectively. We adopted Pearson's correlation analysis and the PROCESS Macro Model 81 in regression analysis to explore the relationships among prosocial behaviours, psychological resilience, coping styles, and SWB. Prosocial behaviours of undergraduate nursing students had a positive predictive effect on SWB; psychological resilience and coping styles both were the mediating variable between prosocial behaviours and undergraduate nursing students' SWB; psychological resilience and coping styles played a chain mediating role between the prosocial behaviours and SWB of undergraduate nursing students. The results indicated that prosocial behaviours not only directly affected the SWB of undergraduate nursing students but also affected the SWB of undergraduate nursing students via psychological resilience and coping styles. These results offer certain theoretical support and guidance for the research and improvement of undergraduate nursing students' SWB and emphasize the importance of interventions to increase prosocial behaviours, improve psychological resilience, promote positive coping styles, and address negative coping styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wan
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yueming Ding
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- College of Nursing and Health, Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Rohner SL, Salas Castillo AN, Carr A, Thoma MV. Childhood adversity and later life prosocial behavior: A qualitative comparative study of Irish older adult survivors. Front Psychol 2022; 13:966956. [PMID: 36160558 PMCID: PMC9490369 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.966956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Although childhood adversity can have lasting effects into later life, positive adaptations have also been observed, including an increased tendency toward prosocial behavior. However, little is known about the link between childhood adversity and later life prosocial behavior, with a particular scarcity of research on intrafamilial childhood adversity. Therefore, this study aimed to examine older adult's experiences of childhood adversity and identify mechanisms linked to prosocial behavior. Two adversity contexts (intrafamilial and extrafamilial) were compared to explore individual, as well as broader cultural and contextual mechanisms linking childhood adversity and later life prosocial behavior. Method Semi-structured interviews (60–120 min) were conducted with N = 29 Irish (older) adult survivors of childhood adversity: n = 12 intrafamilial survivors (mean age: 58 years, range: 51–72), n = 17 institutional survivors (mean age: 61 years, range: 50–77). Interviews were analyzed using the framework analysis method, with reference to the conceptual model of altruism born of suffering. Results Five themes were identified on prosocial mechanisms, with three themes in both survivor groups (enhanced empathy, self-identity, amelioration), and two group-specific themes (compassion fatigue in intrafamilial survivors; denouncing detrimental social values in institutional survivors). Conclusion Results identified motivational processes and volitional factors linked to later life prosocial behavior. Connections to caring roles, (lack of) support, and social norms in childhood, as well as the need for a sense of purpose and meaning from the adversities in adulthood, highlight potential targets for psychotherapeutic intervention to promote prosocial responding and positive adaptation for childhood adversity survivors.
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Choi A, Blanco L, Hays RD. Race and Ethnicity Differences in Walking and Associations with Neighborhood Perceptions among Older Adults in California. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:2499-2510. [PMID: 35959781 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221118902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper estimates differences in walking and associations of walking with neighborhood perceptions among older adults in California. We analyzed the restricted-use California Health Interview Survey data merged with the American Community Survey data. Walking at least 10 minutes for leisure in the last 7 days and number of minutes walked were regressed on perceived neighborhood social cohesion scale (PNSCS) and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics. We estimated ordinary least squares regression models. We found that positive neighborhood perceptions were significantly (p< 0.05) associated with walking among older Hispanic and Asian adults. Older Hispanic adults with above median PNSCS report that they walk 6.3 percentage points more than Non-Hispanic White adults. Older adults' perceptions of their neighbors and neighborhoods are positively correlated with walking. Policymakers can consider ways to improve neighborhood perceptions and relationships to help increase walking among minority older adults especially in low SES neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Choi
- Department of Public Administration, 35006Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Luisa Blanco
- School of Public Policy, 5262Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA, USA
| | - Ron D Hays
- Department of Medicine, 8783University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Lu TC, Wang CX, Tao BL, Sui HR, Yan J. The relationship between physical activity and prosocial behavior of college students: A mediating role of self-perception. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271759. [PMID: 35930563 PMCID: PMC9355227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
To explore the relationship between physical activity and prosocial behavior in college students, and to examine whether self-perception and gender may play mediating and moderating roles, respectively, in that relationship.
Methods
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form, Prosocial Tendencies Measure, and Self-perception Scale were used to survey 647 college students in Yangzhou, China. Internal consistency testing, one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) across physical activity levels, exploratory factor analysis, correlation testing, mediation effect testing (independent variable, physical activity; mediating variable, self-perception; dependent variable, prosocial behavior), bootstrap testing and moderated mediation testing were conducted.
Results
Physical activity level was not found to be a direct predictor prosocial behavior in college students. Self-perception was found to play a mediating role between physical activity and prosocial behavior.
Conclusion
Physical activity is not directly predictive college students’ prosocial behavior tendencies, but it is indirectly predictive through self-perception. This study explores the relationship between the three variables and the path of the relationship, deepening the research related to the relationship between physical activity and prosocial behavior, providing ideas for fostering prosocial behavior in Chinese universities, as well as providing a theoretical basis for possible future empirical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Ci Lu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Xia Wang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Le Tao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Ran Sui
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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Community-Based Participatory Research to Improve Cardiovascular Health Among US Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2022; 9:212-221. [PMID: 36003088 PMCID: PMC9392701 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review This review aims to assess the contemporary community-based participatory research (CBPR) literature seeking to improve the cardiovascular health of racial and ethnic minority groups in the USA with a higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors and social determinants of health. It summarizes recent CBPR studies based on the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 (LS7) framework, delineating seven modifiable health behaviors and clinical factors to promote cardiovascular health. Recent Findings Although limited in quantity, studies demonstrated preliminary effectiveness in improving individual and a composite of LS7 indicators by employing strategies centered around fortifying social networks, integrating group activities, leveraging technology, incorporating faith-based and spiritual practices, and implementing changes to the built environment. Summary Future directions for investigators engaged in CBPR include building on the existing body of evidence through more comprehensive studies, scaling effective interventions, and translating CBPR findings to influence health policy to better address health disparities.
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Wan Y, Zhao Y, Song H. Effects of Physical Exercise on Prosocial Behavior of Junior High School Students. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121199. [PMID: 34943395 PMCID: PMC8699934 DOI: 10.3390/children8121199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate whether physical activity can promote students’ prosocial behavior by analyzing the relationship between sports participation and the prosocial behavior of junior high school students. Methods: Based on the 2014–2015 China education panel survey (CEPS), the relationship between regular athletic sports and prosocial behavior was evaluated among eighth-grade students by ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation and propensity score matching (PSM) and the relationship between OLS and PSM was evaluated by Rosenbaum’s bounds test for a robustness test; the observations were analyzed for heterogeneity to identify those who benefit more from sports. Results: The OLS results showed that sporting behavior increased prosocial behavior scores by 4%, and the PSM results showed that regular physical exercise increased students’ prosocial behavior tendencies by over 0.2 standard deviations from the mean prosocial behavior score (standardized). According to the Rosenbaum’s bounds test, the estimates were robust and reliable, and the results of the heterogeneity analysis showed that with males and students whose fathers had more than 9 years of education, the students showed more significant improvements in prosocial behavior. Conclusion: Physical activity has a significant positive effect on students’ prosocial behavior, and gender and the father’s education are significantly related to prosocial behavior.
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Wang J, Wang Y, Lin H, Chen X, Wang H, Liang H, Guo X, Fu C. Mental Health Problems Among School-Aged Children After School Reopening: A Cross-Sectional Study During the COVID-19 Post-pandemic in East China. Front Psychol 2021; 12:773134. [PMID: 34858298 PMCID: PMC8631808 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.773134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most studies on mental health problems caused by COVID-19 crisis in children were limited to the period of home quarantine. It remained unclear what adverse impact of the psychosocial stressors caused by school reopening, as well as the transitions in daily activities and social interactions had on mental health in children. Methods: A total of 6400 students in primary schools were enrolled in a cross-sectional study conducted in East China, between June 26 and July 6, 2020, when schools reopened. Children’s mental health status was assessed by the parent version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Ultimately, data on a total of 6017 children with completed information on mental health, psychosocial stressors, daily activities, and social interactions were eligible for analysis. The associations of mental health with psychosocial stressors, daily activities, and social interactions were determined by ordinal logistic regression models. Stratified analyses were conducted according to grade, gender, school level, area, and caregiver–child relationship to further observe the effects of stressors on mental status. Results: The prevalence of borderline, moderately abnormal, and prominently abnormal scores were 7.16, 3.34, and 1.96% for total difficulties, and 13.83, 13.45, and 17.85% for prosocial behavior, respectively. Children with psychological stressors had a significantly higher risk of being in a worse category of mental health status, with the maximum adjusted OR of 7.90 (95% CI 3.33–18.75) in those definitely afraid of inadaptation to study and life styles. Time used in home work and computer games was positively related to mental health problems, while physical exercises and frequency of communication with others was negatively related. The effects of psychological stressors on total difficulties were more evident in middle-high grade students (OR = 7.52, 95% CI 4.16–8.61), boys (OR = 6.95, 95% CI 4.83–8.55), those who lived in Taizhou (OR = 7.62, 95% CI 4.72–8.61) and with poor caregiver–child relationship (OR = 7.79, 95% CI 2.26–8.65). Conclusion: Emotional and behavioral difficulties, especially less prosocial behavior, were prevalent in primary school children after schools reopened. The Chinese government, communities, schools, and families need to provide more effective support for students’ transition back into the school building and address emotional and behavioral problems for children with difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijiang Lin
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbiao Liang
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Songjiang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaowei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee DJ, Chang BK, Lee SM. Analysis of the Structural Relationship of Sports Participation and Ego-Resilience in the Health-Promoting Behavior of Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:557-565. [PMID: 34178803 PMCID: PMC8214615 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: We aimed to verify the structural relationship between sports participation, ego-resilience, and health-promoting behavior of Korean adolescents in a pandemic situation. Methods: In Nov 2020, an online survey was conducted with 751 adolescents in Korea. The data obtained through the survey were analyzed in several ways, including frequency, reliability, confirmatory factor, descriptive statistical, and path analyses. Results: Sports participation had a positive effect on ego-resilience and health-promoting behavior, while egoresilience has a positive effect on health-promoting behavior. Overall, sports participation directly affects health-promoting behavior and that an indirect effect occurs through ego-resilience. Conclusion: Educational institutions such as schools and the Korea Offices of Education should devise various measures so that adolescents growing up in a global pandemic situation can strengthen their health-promoting behavior by securing ego-resilience through participation in various sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Jung Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Byung-Kweon Chang
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Seung-Man Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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