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Nédélec M, Chauvineau M, Martinent G. Development and evaluation of the psychometric properties of a new measure of athlete insomnia: Insomnia in Response to Sports-related Stress Test questionnaire. Eur J Sport Sci 2024; 24:653-658. [PMID: 38874985 PMCID: PMC11235861 DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
To develop and validate the Insomnia in Response to Sports-related Stress Test (IRSST) questionnaire, a new specific instrument with the goal of sensitively measuring vulnerability to sport-specific stressful situations among elite athletes. Five hundred and thirty-one competitive elite athletes (mean age = 17.6 ± 4.4 years) completed the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) questionnaire and the IRSST, a six-item questionnaire developed to assess the level of sleep disturbance in response to the commonly experienced sport-specific stressful situations. A development and validation process including substantive, structural, and external stages was used in the present study. One eigenvalue of the exploratory factor analyses was greater than 1.0 (i.e., 2.91, 48.52% of explained variance) whereas the scree test provided evidence for a one-factor solution, with all the six items achieving a loading of 0.40 or higher on the factor. Cronbach alpha was 0.77 and provided evidence for the reliability of the IRSST score. The correlation between IRSST and FIRST scores was 0.47 (p < 0.001, moderate effect size). These results provide strong evidence for construct validity, indicating that the IRSST is a promising scale for assessing the likelihood of sleep disruption due to sports-related stressful situations. The results of reliability and correlational analyses provided further evidence of the promising psychometric properties of the IRSST. We believe that the IRSST could provide to the sport and sleep science communities a sleep screening tool for use in this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nédélec
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP)Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370)ParisFrance
| | - Maxime Chauvineau
- French Institute of Sport (INSEP)Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370)ParisFrance
| | - Guillaume Martinent
- University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1 – Univ LyonLaboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport (EA 7428)Faculty of Sport SciencesLyonFrance
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2
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Baddam SKR, Canapari CA, Van de Grift J, McGirr C, Nasser AY, Crowley MJ. Screening and Evaluation of Sleep Disturbances and Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:65-86. [PMID: 38302214 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances and sleep disorders are prevalent in children/adolescents and have a bidirectional relationship with pediatric medical and mental health disorders. Screening tools and mechanisms for the evaluation and treatment of sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in the pediatric mental health clinic are less well-known; hence, sleep disturbances and disorders are under-recognized in the pediatric clinics. We present specific, validated screening and evaluation tools to identify sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in children/adolescents. We offer guidance related to the use of consumer wearables for sleep assessments and use of sleep telemedicine in pediatric mental health and primary care clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman K R Baddam
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
| | - Craig A Canapari
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy, Immunology & Sleep Medicine, PO Box 208064, New Haven, CT, 06520-8064, USA
| | - Jenna Van de Grift
- Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher McGirr
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | | | - Michael J Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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3
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Bini C, Hjelm C, Hellström A, Årestedt K, Broström A, Sandlund C. How patients with insomnia interpret and respond to the consensus sleep diary: a cognitive interview study. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2024; 8:19. [PMID: 38376583 PMCID: PMC10879077 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-024-00695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND The Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD) is widely used to assess subjective sleep. Psychometric evaluations and focus-groups support its validity and clinical usefulness, but further research into its validity is needed. The aim of the study was to evaluate a Swedish translation of the CSD regarding test content and response processes in patients with insomnia. PATIENTS/METHODS In connection with translating the CSD into Swedish, we used cognitive interviewing to evaluate test content and the response process, that is, how people make decisions when responding to survey items. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 13 primary health care patients with insomnia disorder (mean age, 49 years; SD 15.5). Iterative, reparative analysis was used to investigate test content. Descriptive deductive analysis was used to investigate interview transcripts for the themes of the cognitive model: comprehension, retrieval, decision process, and judgement. Together, the themes explain the response process when responding to a patient-reported outcome measure. RESULTS The overall comprehension of the CSD could be affected by poor adherence to the instructions (comprehension). Patients had difficulty with recall if they did not complete the diary immediately in the morning and just before bedtime (retrieval). They could have problems deciding how to respond to certain items because they imbued sleep-related concepts with extra meaning (decision process), and had trouble finding response alternatives nuanced enough to describe their experience of sleep and tiredness (judgement). CONCLUSIONS This study contributes knowledge on how the instrument is perceived and used by care-seeking patients with insomnia. In this context, the CSD exhibits known flaws such as memory lapses if the diary is not filled in directly in the morning. To increase the accuracy of patients' responses, therapists should support patients in reading the instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bini
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 23, Huddinge, SE-141 83, Sweden.
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden.
| | - Carina Hjelm
- Department of Health, Medicine and Care, Nursing and Reproductive Health, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 83, Sweden
| | - Amanda Hellström
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Universitetskajen 1, Kalmar, SE-392 31, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Årestedt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Universitetskajen 1, Kalmar, SE-392 31, Sweden
- Department of Research, Region Kalmar, Lasarettsvägen 8, Kalmar, SE-39185, Sweden
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, 551 11, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, 581 85, Sweden
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Vestlandet, 5020, Norway
| | - Christina Sandlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 23, Huddinge, SE-141 83, Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 1E, Stockholm, 113 65, Sweden
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4
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Thorshov TC, Øverby CT, Hansen DD, Bong WK, Skifjeld K, Hurlen P, Dammen T, Moen A, Hrubos-Strøm H. Experience with the use of a digital sleep diary in symptom management by individuals with insomnia -a pilot mixed method study. Sleep Med X 2023; 6:100093. [PMID: 38162592 PMCID: PMC10757200 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2023.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. The recommended treatment is cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi). A sleep diary is a core tool in CBTi. We have developed a digital sleep diary with a standardised feedback function. Aim To study feasibility of the digital sleep diary in participants of the Akershus Sleep Apnea (ASAP) cohorts with difficulties falling asleep or maintaining sleep. To describe sleep diary engagement and explore experiences with the digital sleep diary with potential influences in insomnia symptom management. Material and methods Twenty participants were recruited from the ASAP. All filled out a digital sleep diary up to 12 weeks. Treatment options provided were a self-help book (N = 11) or electroencephalography neurofeedback (N = 9) in addition to the sleep diary standardised feedback function. We collected quantitative data from the sleep diary reports and we sub-divided insomnia by sleep onset insomnia and non-sleep onset insomnia. Finally, we performed qualitative interviews. Results The median number of entries to the sleep diary was 81 (25th quartile: 26, 75th quartile 84). In the qualitative analysis, we identified two main themes; "structure and overview" and "usability and digital features". Conclusion The sleep diary was found to be feasible when distributed in combination with a self-help book or electroencephalography neurofeedback. The qualitative results emphasised the importance of a timely graphical overview and visualisations of self-recorded sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Christine Thorshov
- Division of Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline Tonje Øverby
- Division of Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Diana Dobran Hansen
- Division of Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Way Kiat Bong
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, Department of Computer Science, Human-Computer Interaction and Universal Design of ICT, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Petter Hurlen
- Division of Clinical Informatics, Department of Diagnostics and Technology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Toril Dammen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Moen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, Department of Nursing Science, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Hrubos-Strøm
- Division of Surgery, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Norway
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5
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Gaiduk M, Seepold R, Martínez Madrid N, Ortega JA. Assessing the Feasibility of Replacing Subjective Questionnaire-Based Sleep Measurement with an Objective Approach Using a Smartwatch. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6145. [PMID: 37447992 DOI: 10.3390/s23136145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to ensure sufficient recovery of the human body and brain, healthy sleep is indispensable. For this purpose, appropriate therapy should be initiated at an early stage in the case of sleep disorders. For some sleep disorders (e.g., insomnia), a sleep diary is essential for diagnosis and therapy monitoring. However, subjective measurement with a sleep diary has several disadvantages, requiring regular action from the user and leading to decreased comfort and potential data loss. To automate sleep monitoring and increase user comfort, one could consider replacing a sleep diary with an automatic measurement, such as a smartwatch, which would not disturb sleep. To obtain accurate results on the evaluation of the possibility of such a replacement, a field study was conducted with a total of 166 overnight recordings, followed by an analysis of the results. In this evaluation, objective sleep measurement with a Samsung Galaxy Watch 4 was compared to a subjective approach with a sleep diary, which is a standard method in sleep medicine. The focus was on comparing four relevant sleep characteristics: falling asleep time, waking up time, total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency (SE). After evaluating the results, it was concluded that a smartwatch could replace subjective measurement to determine falling asleep and waking up time, considering some level of inaccuracy. In the case of SE, substitution was also proved to be possible. However, some individual recordings showed a higher discrepancy in results between the two approaches. For its part, the evaluation of the TST measurement currently does not allow us to recommend substituting the measurement method for this sleep parameter. The appropriateness of replacing sleep diary measurement with a smartwatch depends on the acceptable levels of discrepancy. We propose four levels of similarity of results, defining ranges of absolute differences between objective and subjective measurements. By considering the values in the provided table and knowing the required accuracy, it is possible to determine the suitability of substitution in each individual case. The introduction of a "similarity level" parameter increases the adaptability and reusability of study findings in individual practical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Gaiduk
- Department of Computer Science, HTWG Konstanz-University of Applied Sciences, 78462 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ralf Seepold
- Department of Computer Science, HTWG Konstanz-University of Applied Sciences, 78462 Konstanz, Germany
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6
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Clegg-Kraynok M, Barnovsky L, Zhou ES. Real, misreported, and backfilled adherence with paper sleep diaries. Sleep Med 2023; 107:31-35. [PMID: 37116434 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paper-based sleep diaries play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia disorder. Accurate self-report data help to guide therapy and track progress, both in the clinic and during research trials. Previous research with paper diaries suggests that timely adherence with self-report diaries may be an issue, which can result in biased event recall. PATIENTS/METHODS University students (N = 31) were asked to track their bedtime and wake time within 30 min of these events on paper-based sleep diaries. Specially designed binders covertly timestamped when participants actually wrote on their sleep diary. We assessed adherence by comparing timestamped diary usage with what participants documented in their sleep diary. RESULTS Participants self-reported they were adherent with sleep diary instructions 97.9% of the time. However, timestamped data revealed that only 37.1% of diary entries were completed within the instructed timeframe. More than half of participants backfilled diary data, and three participants (9.7%) provided data that completely did not match their actual time of completion. CONCLUSIONS When naïve to the objective tracking of their sleep diary usage, participants greatly over-reported the extent of their adherence. Non-adherence with sleep diary protocols poses a challenge for researchers utilizing this tool as a study outcome in clinical trials and for clinicians attempting to implement behavioral therapies for insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Clegg-Kraynok
- Department of Psychology, Ohio Northern University, 525 South Main St, Ada, OH, 45810, USA.
| | - Lauren Barnovsky
- Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland, 7251 Preinkert Dr, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Eric S Zhou
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Perini Family Survivors' Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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7
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McBeth J, Dixon WG, Moore SM, Hellman B, James B, Kyle SD, Lunt M, Cordingley L, Yimer BB, Druce KL. Sleep Disturbance and Quality of Life in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Prospective mHealth Study. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e32825. [PMID: 35451978 PMCID: PMC9077504 DOI: 10.2196/32825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances and poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are common in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sleep disturbances, such as less total sleep time, more waking periods after sleep onset, and higher levels of nonrestorative sleep, may be a driver of HRQoL. However, understanding whether these sleep disturbances reduce HRQoL has, to date, been challenging because of the need to collect complex time-varying data at high resolution. Such data collection is now made possible by the widespread availability and use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies. OBJECTIVE This mHealth study aimed to test whether sleep disturbance (both absolute values and variability) causes poor HRQoL. METHODS The quality of life, sleep, and RA study was a prospective mHealth study of adults with RA. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire, wore a triaxial accelerometer for 30 days to objectively assess sleep, and provided daily reports via a smartphone app that assessed sleep (Consensus Sleep Diary), pain, fatigue, mood, and other symptoms. Participants completed the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQoL-BREF) questionnaire every 10 days. Multilevel modeling tested the relationship between sleep variables and the WHOQoL-BREF domains (physical, psychological, environmental, and social). RESULTS Of the 268 recruited participants, 254 were included in the analysis. Across all WHOQoL-BREF domains, participants' scores were lower than the population average. Consensus Sleep Diary sleep parameters predicted the WHOQoL-BREF domain scores. For example, for each hour increase in the total time asleep physical domain scores increased by 1.11 points (β=1.11, 95% CI 0.07-2.15) and social domain scores increased by 1.65 points. These associations were not explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, disease activity, medication use, anxiety levels, sleep quality, or clinical sleep disorders. However, these changes were attenuated and no longer significant when pain, fatigue, and mood were included in the model. Increased variability in total time asleep was associated with poorer physical and psychological domain scores, independent of all covariates. There was no association between actigraphy-measured sleep and WHOQoL-BREF. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing total sleep time, increasing sleep efficiency, decreasing sleep onset latency, and reducing variability in total sleep time could improve HRQoL in people with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McBeth
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - William G Dixon
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Mary Moore
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Simon D Kyle
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Lunt
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lis Cordingley
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Manchester University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Belay Birlie Yimer
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Katie L Druce
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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8
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Meigs JM, Bartolomeo VR, Wolfson AR. Methodological review of caffeine assessment strategies with a focus on adolescents. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101587. [PMID: 35051809 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent caffeine use and its implications for developmental changes in sleep and circadian rhythms is under-researched. A majority of adolescents report consuming caffeine and yet the United States has not established federal guidelines for this age group. This widely used stimulant is primarily studied using self-report methodologies; however, there is no standardized method for collecting self-report caffeine data and past studies' findings have limited generalizability and comparability, making it challenging to examine the effects of caffeine use on adolescents' sleep. This review discusses methods and measures used for assessing caffeine in the field with adolescents: questionnaires, interviews, and diaries. Based on the review, recommendations for future methodologies and approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Meigs
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Amy R Wolfson
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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9
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Holder N, Kanady JC, Straus LD, Khan AJ, Purcell N, Huggins J, Gloria R, Neylan TC, Lujan C, Maguen S. Reducing Barriers to Behavioral Treatments for Insomnia: A Qualitative Examination of Veterans' Perspectives of BBTI. Behav Sleep Med 2022; 20:37-49. [PMID: 33502265 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1878173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Although behavioral treatments are recommended for treating insomnia disorder, these treatments are not the most commonly provided treatments due to numerous barriers (e.g., treatment length, time limitations). Brief Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia (BBTI) was developed, in part, to help overcome these barriers. The purpose of the current study was to qualitatively examine the treatment experiences of veterans with insomnia disorder participating in BBTI.Methods: All veterans (n=46) who were randomized to receive BBTI as part of a randomized clinical trial participated in 10-20 minute semi-structured interviews one week after completing treatment. Rapid analysis procedures were used for qualitative analysis.Results: Thirteen qualitative themes were identified: BBTI provided veterans with the skills they believed they needed to continue improving independently post-treatment; beginning BBTI with in-person sessions was valued; phone sessions helped participation; veterans did not perceive that they could cover the same content during phone and in-person sessionsl; materials could be more portable; BBTI created accountability; BBTI required discipline and willingness; BBTI facilitated buy-in; BBTI was aligned with military culture; loved ones could provide important support; BBTI could be improved with more personalization; BBTI challenged expectations of mental health; and BBTI improved awareness of health behaviors beyond sleep.Conclusions: BBTI was successful in overcoming barriers to behavioral insomnia treatment and interviews identified critical treatment aspects that should be maintained to preserve acceptability (e.g., in-person session first). Areas in which BBTI did not fully meet the needs of veterans and targets for improvement (e.g., ameliorating understanding and expectations of phone sessions) were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Holder
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Kanady
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura D Straus
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Amanda J Khan
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalie Purcell
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joy Huggins
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Gloria
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas C Neylan
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Callan Lujan
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shira Maguen
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center; Mental Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Abstract
Sustainable technologies are being increasingly used in various areas of human life. While they have a multitude of benefits, they are especially useful in health monitoring, especially for certain groups of people, such as the elderly. However, there are still several issues that need to be addressed before its use becomes widespread. This work aims to clarify the aspects that are of great importance for increasing the acceptance of the use of this type of technology in the elderly. In addition, we aim to clarify whether the technologies that are already available are able to ensure acceptable accuracy and whether they could replace some of the manual approaches that are currently being used. A two-week study with people 65 years of age and over was conducted to address the questions posed here, and the results were evaluated. It was demonstrated that simplicity of use and automatic functioning play a crucial role. It was also concluded that technology cannot yet completely replace traditional methods such as questionnaires in some areas. Although the technologies that were tested were classified as being “easy to use”, the elderly population in the current study indicated that they were not sure that they would use these technologies regularly in the long term because the added value is not always clear, among other issues. Therefore, awareness-raising must take place in parallel with the development of technologies and services.
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11
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Lee PH. Validation of the National Health And Nutritional Survey (NHANES) single-item self-reported sleep duration against wrist-worn accelerometer. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:2069-2075. [PMID: 34845630 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS This study aimed to validate the single-item sleep duration question used in the National Health And Nutritional Survey (NHANES), "How much sleep do you usually get at night on weekdays or workdays (hours)?", against a wrist-worn accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X +) in waves 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 among an adult population aged 20 or above (n = 8,438, mean age 49.7, 48% male). RESULTS The accelerometer-measured and self-reported sleep duration were 6.01 (SD 1.48) and 6.88 (SD 1.40) h/day, respectively, representing a 0.87 h/day of over-reporting (SD 1.90, p < 0.001). Such an over-reporting was observed in all subgroups, where the over-reporting ranged from 0.72 (those aged 41-50) to 1.13 h/day (those aged 71 or above). The correlation between accelerometer-measured and self-reported sleep duration was low (ρ = 0.14, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The associations between sleep duration and other health outcomes identified using NHANES data should be further tested using more accurate and valid measures of sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
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12
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Dietch JR, Taylor DJ. Evaluation of the Consensus Sleep Diary in a community sample: comparison with single-channel electroencephalography, actigraphy, and retrospective questionnaire. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:1389-1399. [PMID: 33666165 PMCID: PMC8314633 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD) was developed by experts to promote standardization of sleep diary data across the field, but studies comparing the CSD with other assessments of sleep parameters are scarce. This study compared the CSD with 3 other methods to assess sleep duration, efficiency, and timing. METHODS Participants (n = 80) were community adults (mean age = 32.65 years, 63% female) who completed the time-stamped CSD and used single-channel electroencephalography (EEG) and actigraphy for 7 days at home, then completed a retrospective sleep questionnaire. Total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), and sleep midpoint were compared using correlations, Bland-Altman plots, and limits of agreement (adjusted for repeated measures). RESULTS Correlations between the CSD and all methods on TST were large (rs = .63-.75). Adjusted CSD average TST was 40 minutes greater than with EEG and 31 minutes greater than with actigraphy. Correlations between CSD, actigraphy, and EEG for SE were small (rs = .18), and there was a medium correlation with questionnaire (r = .42). Adjusted CSD average SE was 7% greater than EEG and 6% greater than actigraphy; both demonstrated heteroscedasticity. Sleep midpoint correlations between CSD and all methods were large (r = .92-.99). Adjusted CSD was, on average, 6 minutes later than EEG and 1 minute later than actigraphy. Questionnaire-derived sleep parameters demonstrated nonconstant bias; lesser values had positive bias and greater values had negative bias. CONCLUSIONS The time-stamped CSD led to meaningful overestimations of TST and SE as measured by objective/inferred methods. However, sleep timing was rather accurately assessed with the CSD in comparison to objective/inferred measures. Researchers should carefully consider which sleep assessment methods are best aligned with their research question and parameters of interest, as methods do not demonstrate complete agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Dietch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Daniel J. Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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13
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Hrehová L, Mezian K. Non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia in primary care settings. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14084. [PMID: 33555081 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prevalence of insomnia is higher in females and increases with higher age. Besides primary insomnia, comorbid sleep disorders are also common, accompanying different conditions. Considering the possible adverse effects of commonly used drugs to promote sleep, a non-pharmacologic approach should be preferred in most cases. Although generally considered first-line treatment, the non-pharmacologic approach is often underestimated by both patients and physicians. OBJECTIVE To provide primary care physicians an up-to-date approach to the non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant articles about the non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia up to December 2020. We restricted our search only to articles written in English. MAIN MESSAGE Most patients presenting with sleep disorder symptoms can be effectively managed in the primary care setting. Primary care physicians may use pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches, while the latter should be generally considered first-line treatment. A primary care physician may opt to refer the patient to a subspecialist for refractory cases. CONCLUSIONS This paper provides an overview of current recommendations and up-to-date evidence for the non-pharmacologic treatment of insomnia. This article emphasizes the importance of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia, likewise, exercise and relaxation techniques. Complementary and alternative approaches are also covered, eg, light therapy, aromatherapy, music therapy, and herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hrehová
- Institute of General Practice, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamal Mezian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Leonidis A, Korozi M, Sykianaki E, Tsolakou E, Kouroumalis V, Ioannidi D, Stavridakis A, Antona M, Stephanidis C. Improving Stress Management and Sleep Hygiene in Intelligent Homes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2398. [PMID: 33808468 PMCID: PMC8036360 DOI: 10.3390/s21072398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High stress levels and sleep deprivation may cause several mental or physical health issues, such as depression, impaired memory, decreased motivation, obesity, etc. The COVID-19 pandemic has produced unprecedented changes in our lives, generating significant stress, and worries about health, social isolation, employment, and finances. To this end, nowadays more than ever, it is crucial to deliver solutions that can help people to manage and control their stress, as well as to reduce sleep disturbances, so as to improve their health and overall quality of life. Technology, and in particular Ambient Intelligence Environments, can help towards that direction, when considering that they are able to understand the needs of their users, identify their behavior, learn their preferences, and act and react in their interest. This work presents two systems that have been designed and developed in the context of an Intelligent Home, namely CaLmi and HypnOS, which aim to assist users that struggle with stress and poor sleep quality, respectively. Both of the systems rely on real-time data collected by wearable devices, as well as contextual information retrieved from the ambient facilities of the Intelligent Home, so as to offer appropriate pervasive relaxation programs (CaLmi) or provide personalized insights regarding sleep hygiene (HypnOS) to the residents. This article will describe the design process that was followed, the functionality of both systems, the results of the user studies that were conducted for the evaluation of their end-user applications, and a discussion about future plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Leonidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Maria Korozi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eirini Sykianaki
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Eleni Tsolakou
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Vasilios Kouroumalis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Danai Ioannidi
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Andreas Stavridakis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Margherita Antona
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
| | - Constantine Stephanidis
- Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (M.K.); (E.S.); (E.T.); (V.K.); (D.I.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (C.S.)
- Department of Computer Science Heraklion, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Baddam SKR, Canapari CA, Van de Grift J, McGirr C, Nasser AY, Crowley MJ. Screening and Evaluation of Sleep Disturbances and Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2021; 30:65-84. [PMID: 33223069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances and sleep disorders are prevalent in children/adolescents and have a bidirectional relationship with pediatric medical and mental health disorders. Screening tools and mechanisms for the evaluation and treatment of sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in the pediatric mental health clinic are less well-known; hence, sleep disturbances and disorders are under-recognized in the pediatric clinics. We present specific, validated screening and evaluation tools to identify sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in children/adolescents. We offer guidance related to the use of consumer wearables for sleep assessments and use of sleep telemedicine in pediatric mental health and primary care clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman K R Baddam
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
| | - Craig A Canapari
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy, Immunology & Sleep Medicine, PO Box 208064, New Haven, CT, 06520-8064, USA
| | - Jenna Van de Grift
- Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher McGirr
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | | | - Michael J Crowley
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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16
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Biggers A, Henkins J, Barton I, Hubbard C, Perez R, Sharp LK, Gerber BS. Feasibility of text message sleep assessment in African American and Latino patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:69-78. [PMID: 32964830 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Text messaging (TM) may provide an inexpensive and convenient method for self-reported sleep assessment. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a TM sleep diary among a racial/ethnic minority population with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. METHODS A convenience sample of 40 participants with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes was recruited. Participants wore an Actiwatch (Philips Spectrum Plus, Philips Respironics, Murrysville, Pennsylvania) for 7 consecutive days during both wake and sleep intervals and completed a daily TM sleep diary including 10 questions adapted from the Consensus Sleep Diary. The relationships between sleep measures from TMs and actigraphy were explored through Bland-Altman plots and correlations. RESULTS Of the 40 participants enrolled, 34 were African American and 6 were Latino. The mean age was 52.2 years (standard deviation = 8.2), and the mean hemoglobin A1c was 9.0% (standard deviation = 1.5). All but 1 participant attempted to complete the TM sleep diary. With a maximum of 70 TM replies possible, the median number of responses per participant was 66 (interquartile range = 59.5-69). Actigraphy and TM measures were related for total sleep time (median = 382 vs 393 min, respectively [r = .71; P < .01]), sleep onset latency (median = 31.4 vs 27.5 min [r = .61; P < .01]), time in bed (433.3 vs 489.3 min [r = .74; P < .01]), and sleep efficiency (77% vs 86% [r = .45; P = .005]). The measure of wake after sleep onset was higher from actigraphy than from TM, with a weak relationship between the 2 measures (median 47.9 vs 6.0 min [r = .31; P = .05]). CONCLUSIONS TM is a novel and feasible method for sleep assessment in racial/ethnic minority adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Biggers
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Julia Henkins
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isaye Barton
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Colin Hubbard
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rose Perez
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lisa K Sharp
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ben S Gerber
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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17
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Van Meter AR, Anderson EA. Evidence Base Update on Assessing Sleep in Youth. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 49:701-736. [PMID: 33147074 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1802735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is vital to youth well-being and when it becomes disturbed - whether due to environmental or individual factors - mental and physical health suffer. Sleep problems can also be a symptom of underlying mental health disorders. Assessing different components of sleep, including quality and hygiene, can be useful both for identifying mental health problems and for measuring changes in well-being over time. However, there are dozens of sleep-related measures for youth and it can be difficult to determine which to select for a specific research or clinical purpose. The goal of this review was to identify sleep-related measures for clinical and/or research use in youth mental health settings, and to update the evidence base on this topic. METHOD We generated a list of candidate measures based on other reviews and searched in PubMed and PsycINFO using the terms "sleep" AND (measure OR assessment OR questionnaire) AND (psychometric OR reliability OR validity). Search results were limited to studies about children and adolescents (aged 2-17) published in English. Additional criteria for inclusion were that there had to be at least three publications reporting on the measure psychometrics in community or mental health populations. Sleep measures meeting these criteria were evaluated using the criteria set by De Los Reyes and Langer (2018). RESULTS Twenty-six measures, across four domains of sleep - insomnia, sleep hygiene, sleepiness, sleep quality - met inclusion criteria. Each measure had at least adequate clinical utility. No measure(s) emerged as superior across psychometric domains. CONCLUSION Clinicians and researchers must evaluate sleep measures for each use case, as the intended purpose will dictate which measure is best. Future research is necessary to evaluate measure performance in transdiagnostic mental health populations, including youth with serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Van Meter
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital.,Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Institute for Behavioral Science.,Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
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Nguyen MT, Lycett K, Olds T, Matricciani L, Vryer R, Ranganathan S, Burgner D, Saffery R, Wake M. Objectively measured sleep and telomere length in a population-based cohort of children and midlife adults. Sleep 2020; 43:5626508. [PMID: 31732749 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Poor sleep patterns in older adults are associated with chromosomal telomere shortening, a marker of cellular senescence. However, studies have relied on self-reported sleep characteristics, with few data for younger individuals. We investigated whether sleep measured via actigraphy was cross-sectionally associated with telomere length in children and midlife adults. METHODS A population-based sample of 1874 11-12 year olds and midlife adults (mean age 44 years, SD 5.1) had biological and physical assessments at centers across Australia in 2015-2016. Sleep characteristics, including duration, onset, offset, day-to-day variability, and efficiency, were derived from actigraphy. Relative telomere length (T/S ratio) was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction on genomic DNA from peripheral blood. Multivariable regression models estimated associations, adjusting for prespecified confounders. RESULTS Both sleep and telomere data were available for 728 children and 1070 adults. Mean (SD) T/S ratio was 1.09 (0.55) in children and 0.81 (0.38) in adults. T/S ratio was not predicted by sleep duration (β 0.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.02 to 0.09, p = .16, children; β -0.004, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.02, p = .70, adults) or most other sleep metrics. The only exception was a weak association between later sleep timing (the midpoint of sleep onset and offset) and longer telomeres in adults (β 0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.06, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Objective sleep characteristics show no convincing associations with telomere length in two largely healthy populations up to at least midlife. Sleep-telomere associations may be a late-life occurrence or may present only with a trigger such as presence of other morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Thien Nguyen
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,School of Psychology, Deakin University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Timothy Olds
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lisa Matricciani
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Regan Vryer
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Respiratory Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Infectious Diseases, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Prevention Innovation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Zhu B, Feng T, Izci-Balserak B. Using Research Electronic Data Capture for Longitudinal Assessment Among Older Adults With Diabetes Enhances Real-Time Data Collection. Comput Inform Nurs 2020; 39:32-41. [PMID: 32604206 DOI: 10.1097/cin.0000000000000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide evidence on the application of Research Electronic Data Capture for collecting repeated data during a 7-day period among older adults. Fifty-seven adults (≥50 years) with type 2 diabetes were recruited. Participants completed one sleep diary upon awaking and one self-care diary before going to bed each day for 7 days. The diaries were administered via the Research Electronic Data Capture Web-based system and were completed via participants' own electronic devices. Objective compliance rate, time used to complete each diary, and participant experience were described. Approximately 80% (n = 45) of the participants used Research Electronic Data Capture. Among these participants, the noncompliance rate ranged between 0% and 8.9% for the sleep diary and 0% and 13.1% for the self-care diary. Participants spent 4.2 to 8.7 minutes on the sleep diary and 3.5 to 7.1 minutes on the self-care diary. It took the participants a longer time to complete the diaries during the first day than during the following 6 days. Few participants reported technical issues or felt inconvenient or stressful with completing the Research Electronic Data Capture diaries. Overall, the compliance rates were high. Completing the diaries was not time-consuming and participants were largely satisfied with the Research Electronic Data Capture data collection. Research Electronic Data Capture has aided the longitudinal data collection. With adequate training, Research Electronic Data Capture is an efficient tool to collect repeated data among older adults and thus is recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Zhu
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China (Dr Zhu); Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China (Dr Feng); and College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago (Izci-Balserak)
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Conley S, Proctor DD, Lehner V, Jeon S, Redeker NS. The Feasibility of Measuring Sleep and Circadian Characteristics in Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. West J Nurs Res 2020; 43:53-59. [PMID: 32517546 DOI: 10.1177/0193945920933926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in sleep and circadian research in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) is growing; however, few studies have objectively measured sleep or circadian rhythms in people with these conditions. The purpose was to determine the feasibility of the use of wrist actigraphy, electronic sleep/activity diaries, and participant-collected saliva among adults with both active and inactive IBD. We conducted a 10-day feasibility study of adults aged 18 years to 60 years with IBD. We measured sleep and rest-activity rhythms with wrist actigraphy, self-reported sleep/activity using electronic diaries, and participant-collected saliva to compute salivary dim light melatonin onset. All 37 (100%) participants wore the wrist actigraphs, 91.8% (N = 34) participants completed at least 15 of the 18 electronic diaries, and 34 (91.9%) completed the saliva collection. It is feasible to use wrist actigraphy and electronic sleep/activity diaries in adult participants with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Liu J, Wong WT, Zwetsloot IM, Hsu YC, Tsui KL. Preliminary Agreement on Tracking Sleep Between a Wrist-Worn Device Fitbit Alta and Consensus Sleep Diary. Telemed J E Health 2019; 25:1189-1197. [PMID: 30601109 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2018.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep is related to various kinds of health outcomes. Many studies traditionally collect data on sleep using questionnaires or sleep diaries. An increasing popular alternative is a wrist-worn device. The accuracy of these devices is uncertain, and assessment of this accuracy is important. Introduction: The purpose of this study is to compare consensus sleep diary (CSD) and an actigraphy-based wrist-worn device (Fitbit Alta™ [Fitbit, San Francisco, CA]) measurements of total sleep time (TST), sleep onset latency, wake time after sleep onset, number of awakenings, and sleep efficiency. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy young adults (50% female, 100% Asian) in the age range between 20 to 24 years old wore a Fitbit Alta around their nondominated hand during seven consecutive nights. The participants also filled in a CSD every day. Results: On average, the wrist-worn device (Fitbit Alta) recorded a TST per night of 437.15 min, which is 5.46 min shorter on average than the CSD recorded (442.61 min). Bland-Altman plots indicate that there is large variance in the sleep recorded between Fitbit™ (Fitbit, San Francisco, CA) and CSD. For example, Fitbit recorded 2.15 more awakenings per night than CSD, which is equal to 13.09 min on average longer wake time after sleep onset. Conclusion: Fitbit and CSD show significant differences in recording sleep. We find that for most sleep metrics, the level of disagreement is small enough for the devices to be interchangeably used except for recording wakes during the night.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Liu
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wing To Wong
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Inez Maria Zwetsloot
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Cheng Hsu
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Leung Tsui
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Ibáñez V, Silva J, Cauli O. A survey on sleep assessment methods. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4849. [PMID: 29844990 PMCID: PMC5971842 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A literature review is presented that aims to summarize and compare current methods to evaluate sleep. Methods Current sleep assessment methods have been classified according to different criteria; e.g., objective (polysomnography, actigraphy…) vs. subjective (sleep questionnaires, diaries…), contact vs. contactless devices, and need for medical assistance vs. self-assessment. A comparison of validation studies is carried out for each method, identifying their sensitivity and specificity reported in the literature. Finally, the state of the market has also been reviewed with respect to customers’ opinions about current sleep apps. Results A taxonomy that classifies the sleep detection methods. A description of each method that includes the tendencies of their underlying technologies analyzed in accordance with the literature. A comparison in terms of precision of existing validation studies and reports. Discussion In order of accuracy, sleep detection methods may be arranged as follows: Questionnaire < Sleep diary < Contactless devices < Contact devices < Polysomnography A literature review suggests that current subjective methods present a sensitivity between 73% and 97.7%, while their specificity ranges in the interval 50%–96%. Objective methods such as actigraphy present a sensibility higher than 90%. However, their specificity is low compared to their sensitivity, being one of the limitations of such technology. Moreover, there are other factors, such as the patient’s perception of her or his sleep, that can be provided only by subjective methods. Therefore, sleep detection methods should be combined to produce a synergy between objective and subjective methods. The review of the market indicates the most valued sleep apps, but it also identifies problems and gaps, e.g., many hardware devices have not been validated and (especially software apps) should be studied before their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ibáñez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Católica de Valencia "San Vicente Mártir", Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep Silva
- Departamento de Sistemas Informáticos y Computación, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Cauli
- Departamento de Enfermería; Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Roomkham S, Lovell D, Cheung J, Perrin D. Promises and Challenges in the Use of Consumer-Grade Devices for Sleep Monitoring. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2018; 11:53-67. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2018.2811735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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