1
|
Faé DS, de Aquino SN, Verner FS, Lemos CAA. Dental caries in HIV-infected children and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1756-1764. [PMID: 37357361 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the risk of dental caries in between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected children and adolescents. An electronic search was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web-of-Science, Scopus, LILACS, ProQuest, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to May 2022. The critical appraisal checklist developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4. Sixteen studies were included. A total of 3231 participants were evaluated, including 1701 and 1530 HIV-infected and uninfected children and adolescents, respectively. The meta-analysis revealed a higher risk of dental caries for primary dentitions in HIV-infected children and adolescents by decayed, missing, filled tooth (dmft) (SMD:0.34; p = 0.006) and decayed, missing, filled surface (dmfs) scores (SMD:0.37; p = 0.001). Similar results were observed for permanent dentition, with increased dental caries in HIV-infected children and adolescents with DMFT (SMD:0.32; p = 0.003) and DMFS (SMD:1.78; p < 0.0001) scores. Regarding the quality assessment, most of the included studies were moderate or good quality. However, the certainty of the evidence of the outcomes was very low. This systematic review and meta-analysis showed higher caries severity in permanent and deciduous teeth among HIV-infected children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Sorgatto Faé
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Health Sciences (PPGCAS), Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Berrezouga L, Kooli I, Marrakchi W, Neffati F, Najjar F, Chakroun M. Salivary biochemical parameters in people living with HIV on ART and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Monastir, Tunisia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:35. [PMID: 38184520 PMCID: PMC10771653 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies regarding salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are scanty. AIM To investigate salivary biochemical parameters and dental caries in adult PLWHA who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and compare the findings with people negative for HIV infection. METHODS The study included 50 HIV positive individuals as a test group (TG) and 50 HIV negative individuals as a control group (CG). Dental examination was performed according to WHO guidelines to assess DMFT. Digital panoramic radiographs were taken to detect additional infectious foci. Non-stimulated saliva was collected between 9 and 12 a. m for 5 min to evaluate 18 biochemical parameters and salivary flow rate (SFR). Parametric and non parametric tests were used according to data distribution. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05%. RESULTS Patients' mean ages and M/F sex ratios for TG and CG were 38.80 ± 9.69 y/o. vs. 37.98 ± 13.47 y/o. and 3.54 vs. 2.33, respectively. Higher means of decayed teeth were recorded in TG, 4.47 ± 3.00 vs. 3.88 ± 2.81 in CG with no significant difference (p = 0.41). Means of filled teeth were significantly lower in TG 2.38 ± 2.16 vs. 4.16 ± 3.35 in CG (p = 0.01), respectively. No statistical significant difference was noted in DMFT indices between the 2 groups (8.04 ± 6.90 vs. 8.52 ± 6.24, p = 0.71). The following salivary parameters were significantly lower in TG compared to CG, respectively: mean SFR 0.44 ± 0.18 ml/min vs. 0.61 ± 0.26 ml/min; median levels of sodium and chlorides, 4 mmol/L and 13.5 mmol/L vs. 9 mmol/L and 19 mmol/L (p < 0.001) and uric acid, 103.50 mmol/L vs. 163 (p = 0.009). However, higher median levels were recorded with calcium, 1.09 mmol/L vs. 0.54 (p < 0.001) and sIgA 23 mg/dl vs. 5 mg/dl (p < 0.001). In TG, a positive correlation was found between DC, potassium, urea, and chlorides (p < 0.05). Salivary renal and hepatic biomarkers were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS PLWHA have shown an alteration in some salivary parameters, more decayed teeth and less filled teeth. Preventive measures should be implemented to lower dental caries and enhance accessibility to oral care services. In addition, saliva can be utilized to monitor oral and general health status among PLWHA on ART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Berrezouga
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Parasitology and Mycology LR12ES09, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Ikbel Kooli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Marrakchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fadoua Neffati
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fadhel Najjar
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Chakroun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ntolou P, Pani P, Panis V, Madianos P, Vassilopoulos S. The effect of antiretroviral therapyon the periodontal conditions of patients with HIV infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:170-182. [PMID: 36261851 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess any differences (1) in the prevalence of periodontitis and necrotizing periodontal diseases, specifically necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) between HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those not receiving the therapy and (2) in the severity of periodontitis based on probing depths (PDs) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) between the two groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS Systematic electronic search on five databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo) was conducted to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal studies reporting on prevalence of NG, NP and periodontitis among HIV patients who either receive or do not receive HAART treatment. The differences in clinical parameters of PDs and CAL among these patients were assessed. RESULTS Eighteen articles were considered. The meta-analysis for NG showed that the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 0.45 (n = 7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.21, 0.97]; p < .042). Regarding NP, the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in both groups was 0.60 (n = 5; 95% CI [0.22, 1.64]; p = .321). With regard to periodontitis, the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 1.17 (n = 9; 95% CI [0.90, 1.52]; p = .248). No significant differences in PD and CAL were found between the two groups 0.00 (n = 3; 95% CI [-0.52, -0.53]; p = .985) and 0.32 (n = 3; 95% CI [-0.19, 0.82]; p = .22), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of NG appeared to be significantly reduced in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. No statistical significant difference was found in the prevalence of NP or periodontitis between the two groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Ntolou
- Department of Periodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, Athens, Greece
| | - Pinelopi Pani
- Department of Periodontology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vassileios Panis
- Department of Periodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, Athens, Greece
| | - Phoebus Madianos
- Department of Periodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Vassilopoulos
- Department of Periodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Dentistry, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pereira LL, Veiga Siqueira Amorim D, Brito Sampaio W, Almeida Cruz Azevêdo T, Bispo Pereira Cardoso V, Barreto Lemos F, Silva Chang A, Machado F, Pereira Lima F, Sampaio Neves F, Leal Figueiredo AC. Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Patients with and without HIV. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9929835. [PMID: 37159593 PMCID: PMC10163962 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9929835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare clinical periodontal conditions in HIV-positive people on HAART with an HIV-negative group, in addition to investigating factors associated with periodontitis in the entire sample. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by oral clinical examination for the diagnosis of periodontitis, review of medical records, and application of a questionnaire containing personal data, deleterious habits, and oral hygiene habits for the other variables. The results were analyzed by Pearson's χ 2 test and Student's t-test. A logistic regression model was constructed for the multivariate analysis and periodontitis was defined as a dependent variable. The analysis was performed on the entire sample (HIV+ and HIV-) and also on the group consisting of only people living with HIV. Results Individuals older than 43 years old and with HIV were more likely to develop moderate and severe periodontitis (47.80 and 4.84 times, respectively). When analyzing only HIV+, in addition to age (OR = 2.795; CI = 1.080-7.233), the use of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) (OR = 2.841; CI = 1.135-7.112) was also associated with moderate and severe periodontitis. Conclusion It was possible to observe a higher prevalence of periodontitis among individuals with HIV, showing an association between the virus, advanced age, and moderate or severe periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luanderson Lopes Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Willian Brito Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Felipe Barreto Lemos
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Andressa Silva Chang
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry and Health, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arubaku W, Kwizera G, Tusubira D, Kanyesigye M, Chamut S, Seymour BA, Siedner MJ, Niyonzima V, Najjuma JN, Maling S. Prevalence, correlates and treatment needs of dental caries among people on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:231. [PMID: 35689234 PMCID: PMC9188082 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are estimated to affect half of people living with HIV in the western world, and are often marked by pain, discomfort, disfigurement and reduced quality of life. Both HIV-specific and antiretroviral therapy-associated oral diseases have been found in this population. However, the prevalence, correlates and treatment needs of dental caries among people on antiretroviral therapy has not been well studied in rural Africa where majority of people living with HIV reside. Moreover, health behaviors and access to dental care vary significantly from high-income countries in the global north. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among people living with HIV attending a high-volume HIV clinic with an enrollment of 10,000 patients in a regional referral hospital in Southwestern Uganda. The clinic is located in an urban setting with a large rural catchment area. Oral health data was collected using the modified World Health Organization oral health questionnaire for adults. Dental examinations were conducted to identify and classify dental caries using the decayed, missing, filled, teeth (DMFT) index and compute the treatment need. Logistic regression models were employed to identify correlate of dental caries. Results A total of 194 participants were included in the study. The majority were female (124/194, 63.9%) with a median age of 42 years (IQR 36–49). The prevalence of dental caries experience among study participants was 67%, (130/194, 95% CI 60–75%). The mean DMFT index score was 4 (IQR 2–6) and treatment need was 96% (192/200). A higher CD4 count was associated with the presence of dental caries (OR 0.403, 95% CI 0.175–0.932) although it was not significant in multivariate analysis. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of dental caries among people living with HIV on ART in Uganda. Our data demonstrate a high oral treatment need among this population. We recommend inclusion of preventive and therapeutic oral care into HIV care in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred Arubaku
- Department of Dental Surgery, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Kwizera
- Department of Dental Surgery, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Deusdedit Tusubira
- Department of Biochemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | | | - Steffany Chamut
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Brittany Anne Seymour
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Mark J Siedner
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Vallence Niyonzima
- Department of Nursing, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Josephine N Najjuma
- Department of Nursing, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Samuel Maling
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P O Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Evaluation of Sociodemographic Factors and Prevalence of Oral Lesions in People Living with HIV from Cacoal, Rondônia, Amazon Region of Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052614. [PMID: 35270307 PMCID: PMC8909999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: It is necessary to evaluate and understand the prevalence and risk factors of oral lesions (OL) in people living with HIV (PLWH) who were never studied before. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of OL and its correlation with CD4+ T lymphocytes counts and HIV plasma viral load in PLWH treated in Rondônia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Cacoal city, Rondônia state, Northern Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, immunologic and virological information of 113 PLWH were collected from medical records and dental examination was conducted to diagnose and classify OL in PLWH. Statistical analysis was performed using relative frequency distribution, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, T-student and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The overall prevalence of oral lesions was 28.3% (32/113), with candidiasis (7/32; 21.8%) and aphthous ulcer (7/32; 21.8%) being the most prevalent. There was a predominance of females, most patients being married, with a low level of education, a family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages and a single partner. An association was observed between the presence of oral lesions and a high viral load, as well as a lower occurrence of oral lesions in individuals with a higher count of CD4+ T cells. Conclusions: This study reveals a low prevalence of OL among PLWH, as well as the absence of relationship between HIV viral load, CD4+ T cells count and OL high prevalence.
Collapse
|
7
|
Descamps E, Gorlier C, Ottaviani S, Palazzo E, Dieudé P, Forien M. Screening of dental and sinus infections in rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13437. [PMID: 33089506 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased risk of infections. Screening for oral (dental and/or sinus) infection could be proposed before biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) initiation but is not systematically recommended. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of oral infection in RA patients requiring bDMARDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a monocentric retrospective study. We included patients with RA and active disease requiring bDMARDs. Dental infection and sinusitis were assessed by a stomatologist and otorhinolaryngologist after clinical, panoramic dental X-ray and sinus CT evaluation. Factors associated with oral infections were analysed in uni- and multivariate models, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We included 223 RA patients (79.4% women, mean disease duration 8.9 ± 8.6 years). The mean age was 54.4 ± 10.9 years and mean Disease Activity Score in 28 joints 5.5 ± 2.6. Systematic dental screening revealed infection requiring treatment before bDMARDs initiation in 46 (20.9%) patients. Sinusitis was diagnosed by the otorhinolaryngologist in 33 (14.8%) patients. Among the 223 patients, 69 (30.9%) had dental and/or sinus infection. On univariate analysis, active smoking was associated with increased probability of oral infection (OR = 2.16 [95% CI 1.02-4.57], P = .038) and methotrexate with reduced probability (OR = 0.43 [95% CI 0.23-0.81], P = .006). On multivariate analysis, no RA variables were associated with oral infection. CONCLUSION In our study, asymptomatic oral infection was confirmed in one third of RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Descamps
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Clémence Gorlier
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Ottaviani
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Palazzo
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Philippe Dieudé
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Marine Forien
- Rheumatology Department, DMU Locomotion, Bichat Hospital (APHP), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi YL, Zhao XX, Liu F. [Qualitative study on the cognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome occupational protection among the managers of multi-level stomatology medical institutions]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:410-414. [PMID: 32865360 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the current cognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occupational protection among the managers of multi-level stomatology medical institutions in efforts to provide a reference for formulating technical standards for occupational protection. METHODS Eighteen managers of oral medical institutions were individually interviewed in-depth using asemi-structured questionnaire on issues related to AIDS occupational protection using the phenomenological research method. Nvivo 12.0 software was used to code and analyze the interview data, and relevant themes were extracted. RESULTS Three themes were extracted from the data. Occupational protection measures for AIDS in dental medical institutions mainly based on the aspects of standardized operation, standardized prevention, and post-exposure treatment. However, the implementation of these protective measures was often inadequate. Occupational protection training for AIDS was carried out regularly at dental medical institutions, but the training effect was not generally tracked. Several limitations in AIDS occupational protection management; these limitations included the lack of a specific occupational protection system, the difficulty of AIDS screening for outpatients, and the difficulty of AIDS occupational protection supervision. CONCLUSIONS Oral medical institutions should strengthen their occupational protection training and supervision approaches and formulate unified occupational protection standards to reduce occupational exposure and improve hospital management quality and efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-le Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Post Anesthesia Care Unit, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Nursing, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Nursing, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shi YL, Liu F. [Research progress on occupational exposure and protection from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in stomatological departments]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:433-437. [PMID: 31512840 PMCID: PMC7030268 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The disease is highly infectious, quickly spreads, and has a high fatality rate. Hence, it is a major concern in public health, and an important subject in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. The medical staff of stomatological departments, which handle the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases, are at particularly high risk of occupational exposure to HIV/AIDS. This study summarizes the HIV/AIDS epidemic status, disease transmission routes, oral lesions in HIV/AIDS patients, occupational exposure, and occupational protection in stomatological departments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-le Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Nursing, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Groenewegen H, Bierman WFW, Delli K, Dijkstra PU, Nesse W, Vissink A, Spijkervet FKL. Severe periodontitis is more common in HIV- infected patients. J Infect 2018; 78:171-177. [PMID: 30528870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess periodontitis prevalence and severity in HIV infected patients as compared to controls. Furthermore, to assess whether HIV infection characteristics are associated with periodontitis. DESIGN cross-sectional controlled study. METHODS We assessed prevalence and severity of periodontitis in 258 HIV-infected patients and 539 historical controls with the Dutch Periodontal Screening Index (DPSI). HIV characteristics were collected from medical charts. Age-related diseases and oral care were assessed with questionnaires. RESULTS Severe periodontitis (DPSI 4) was more prevalent in HIV-infected patients than in controls (66% vs. 36%, p = 0.002). HIV-infection, increasing age and male sex were significant risk factors for severe periodontitis. In particular, older male HIV patients have a higher risk of severe periodontitis. Clinical, immunological and virologic characteristics, and antiretroviral therapy were not associated with periodontitis prevalence or severity. HIV-infected patients rate the importance of their oral health as high, although many do not disclose their HIV infection to their dentists. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence and severity of periodontitis are higher in HIV-infected patients compared to controls, particularly in older males. Awareness of the increased prevalence of periodontitis associated with HIV-infection among patients and health-care professionals could significantly improve oral health and quality of life of HIV-infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hester Groenewegen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wouter F W Bierman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Konstantina Delli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter U Dijkstra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Department Rehabilitation, Center of Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem Nesse
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wilhelmina Hospital Assen, Postbus 30001, 9400 RA Assen, The Netherlands.
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Frederik K L Spijkervet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sittitrai P, Srivanitchapoom C, Reunmakkaew D. Deep neck infection in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus: a comparison of clinical features, complications, and outcomes. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:962-967. [PMID: 30470621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively studied the clinical features, complications, and outcomes of deep neck infections in 31 adult patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV group) and 192 patients without (non-HIV group). In the HIV group, the cause was more likely to be odontogenic (21 (68%) compared with 90 (47%); odds ratio (OR) 2.38; 95% CI 1.06 to 5.32). In both groups, the parapharyngeal, submandibular, and masticator spaces, were those most often involved. However, in the HIV group, Ludwig's angina was common, and was the main cause of airway obstruction. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most often isolated in the HIV group. Upper airway obstruction tended to be more common in the HIV group (5/31 compared with 13/192). These patients also had a higher risk of other complications (sepsis, mediastinitis, jugular vein thrombosis, and pneumonia) (6/31 compared with 12/192; OR 3.60; 95% CI 1.24 to 10.45), a higher mortality rate (3/31 compared with 2/192), and longer hospital stay (19days compared with 16 days). Factors associated with an increased risk of complications in this group were an age of 55 years or over and a CD4 count of less than 350 cells/mm3. Deep neck infections in these patients are more severe. Dental health care, appropriate empirical antibiotics, early detection, and management of the airway and complications, may improve outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sittitrai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chiang Mai University Hospital, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | | | - D Reunmakkaew
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chiang Mai University Hospital, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gomes-Filho IS, Trindade SC, Passos-Soares JDS, Figueiredo ACMG, Vianna MIP, Hintz AM, Batista OET, Orrico GS, Conceição SDS, Coelho JMF, Santos ENP, Nascimento MT, Miranda SS, Xavier Ramos M, Lima Porto EC, alencar Cruz C, Carvalho SS, Seixas da Cruz S. Critical appraisal of systematic and narrative reviews of literature in the field of orthodontics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.15406/jdhodt.2018.09.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|