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Tobiassen AH, Sundal T, Stänicke E, Folmo EJ. The cultural change narrative as a core component of therapeutic change. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1149984. [PMID: 37867772 PMCID: PMC10587421 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1149984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research indicates a similar effect of Mentalization-based treatment (MBT) and Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, there is a paucity in studies investigating the change narrative received from and developed in these treatments. The aim of the present study is to investigate similarities and differences in the change narratives provided by MBT and DBT, and how these narratives reflect the rationale, explanations, and procedures of the provided treatment. Methods The study is a qualitative analysis of seven interviews conducted by the authors. Three of the participants had received MBT, and four of the participants had received DBT. This study presents an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of the change narratives received in two specialized treatments for BPD. Results The main findings from the IPA were that the change narratives described by the participants reflected the treatment they received. The DBT participants highlighted explicit learning of tools and techniques, with predictable and safe therapists. In contrast, the MBT participants emphasized a long-lasting process of exploring to create procedural learning with therapists who followed their lead. Discussion The participants' stories of change shed light on how a change narrative was developed, and therefore how the rationale, explanations and procedures were conveyed differently by MBT and DBT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erik Stänicke
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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2
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Abassi B, Ghrissi F, Loch AA, Cherif W, Damak R, Ellini S, Hallit S, Cheour M. Suicide risk among individuals at Ultra-High Risk (UHR) of psychosis in a developing North African country: A 12-month naturalistic prospective cohort study from the TRIP project. Psychiatry Res 2023; 327:115409. [PMID: 37633155 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The limited studies that focused on suicidality in individuals at Ultra-High Risk (UHR) of psychosis were predominantly cross-sectional, emerging from Western countries. We aimed to examine suicide risk among Tunisian UHR and First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients at baseline, and to evaluate the evolution and correlates of suicidal ideation over a 12-month period in the UHR group exclusively. METHODS 35 UHR (aged 22.8 ± 4.0 years, 45.7% male) and 33 FEP (aged 27.3 ± 4.8 years, 63.6% male) participants were included. The Comprehensive Assessment of at Risk Mental States, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were used. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the UHR and the FEP groups with regard to levels of suicidal ideation at baseline. Suicidal ideation scores showed a significant decrease over time in UHR participants (p=.014; η2=0.242). An increase in total PANSS scores at 1 year (Beta=0.03; p=.048; 95%CI 0.001, 0.060; η2=0.182) significantly increased suicidal ideation scores at 1 year in the UHR group. CONCLUSION Our findings contribute to the limited body of evidence on this topic by providing new prospective data from a population, country and region that has never been researched previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Bouthaina Abassi
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Farah Ghrissi
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alexandre Andrade Loch
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM 27), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wissal Cherif
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Damak
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ellini
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446 Jounieh, Lebanon; Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Majda Cheour
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba 2010, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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Process evaluation of dialectical behavior therapy dissemination: Knowledge retention and recursive training effects. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Saini P, Hunt A, Taylor P, Mills C, Clements C, Mulholland H, Kullu C, Hann M, Duarte R, Mattocks F, Guthrie E, Gabbay M. Community Outpatient Psychotherapy Engagement Service for Self-harm (COPESS): a feasibility trial protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2021; 7:165. [PMID: 34452642 PMCID: PMC8390538 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-021-00902-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People who self-harm are at high risk for future suicide and often suffer considerable emotional distress. Depression is common among people who self-harm and may be an underlying driver of self-harm behaviour. Self-harm is often repeated, and risk of repetition is highest immediately after an act of self-harm. Readily accessible brief talking therapies show promise in helping people who self-harm, but further evaluation of these approaches is needed. A brief talking therapy intervention for depression and self-harm has been designed for use in a community setting. This mixed methods feasibility study with repeated measures will examine the feasibility and acceptability of the Community Outpatient Psychological Engagement Service for Self-Harm (COPESS) for people with self-harm and depression in the community, compared to routine care. Methods Sixty participants with a history of self-harm within the last six months, who are also currently depressed, will be recruited to take part in a feasibility single-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT). Participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive COPESS plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Recruitment will be via General Practitioners (GP) and self-referral. Assessment of feasibility and acceptability will be assessed via quantitative and qualitative methods including measures of recruitment and retention to the feasibility trial, participants’ experience of therapy, completion/completeness of outcome measures at relevant time-points and completion of a service use questionnaire. Discussion The results will indicate whether it is feasible to conduct a definitive full trial to determine whether COPESS is a clinically and cost effective intervention for people who self-harm in the community. Qualitative and quantitative data will in addition help identify potential strengths and/or challenges of implementing brief community-based interventions for people who self-harm. Trial registration NCT04191122 registered 9th December 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Saini
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Anna Hunt
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Peter Taylor
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Catherine Mills
- Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, V7 Building, Kings Business Park, Prescot, L34 1PJ, UK
| | - Caroline Clements
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, Academic Health Sciences Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Helen Mulholland
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, The University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building Block B, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
| | - Cecil Kullu
- Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, V7 Building, Kings Business Park, Prescot, L34 1PJ, UK
| | - Mark Hann
- Biostatistics, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, Manchester, UK
| | - Rui Duarte
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, The University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building Block B, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
| | | | - Else Guthrie
- School of Medicine, The University of Leeds, Woodhouse, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mark Gabbay
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, The University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building Block B, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK.
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Emelianchik-Key K, Labarta A, Glass B. Infusing Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills into Supervision to Address Challenges and Enhance Performance. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2020.1870599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bridget Glass
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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Pearson A, Austin K, Rose N, Rose J. Experiences of dialectical behaviour therapy in a community setting for individuals with intellectual disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 67:283-295. [PMID: 34408863 PMCID: PMC8366618 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2019.1651143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Background There is growing interest in the application of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) for individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and recent qualitative studies have explored their experiences of DBT in inpatient and forensic settings. This article aimed to explore experiences of DBT in a community setting for people with ID. Method Eleven individuals recruited from two NHS Trusts were interviewed about their experiences of DBT. Interview data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results Four superordinate themes and eight subordinate themes emerged from the data. The first superordinate theme 'experience of power' captured participants experience of power within DBT. The second theme 'differences in therapy contexts' highlighted how participants had made sense of different therapeutic contexts. The third theme 'the experience of a positive therapeutic relationship' focused on the qualities and attitudes of the therapist. The fourth theme 'a new way of being' described the impact DBT had on participants' everyday lives and the shift in their sense of self. Discussion This study provides insight into the lived experiences of people with ID receiving DBT. Therapeutic processes including the interplay between factors unique to DBT and features common across therapies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Pearson
- School of Psychology, Centre for Applied Psychology, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Katie Austin
- Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - Nicola Rose
- Black Country Partnership NHS Trust, West Bromwich, UK
| | - John Rose
- School of Psychology, Centre for Applied Psychology, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Barney JL, Murray HB, Manasse SM, Dochat C, Juarascio AS. Mechanisms and moderators in mindfulness- and acceptance-based treatments for binge eating spectrum disorders: A systematic review. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2019; 27:352-380. [PMID: 30887695 PMCID: PMC6570825 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence suggests that mindfulness- and acceptance-based psychotherapies (MABTs) for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) may be efficacious; however, little is known about their active treatment components or for whom they may be most effective. METHODS We systematically identified clinical trials testing MABTs for BN or BED through PsychINFO and Google Scholar. Publications were categorized according to analyses of mechanisms of action and moderators of treatment outcome. RESULTS Thirty-nine publications met inclusion criteria. Twenty-seven included analyses of therapeutic mechanisms, and five examined moderators of treatment outcome. Changes were largely consistent with hypothesized mechanisms of MABTs, but substandard mediation analyses, inconsistent measurement tools, and infrequent use of mid-treatment assessment points limited our ability to make strong inferences. DISCUSSION Analyses of mechanisms of action and moderators of outcome in MABTs for BN and BED appear promising, but the use of more sophisticated statistical analyses and adequate replication is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen B Murray
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Cara Dochat
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, California
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Ayahuasca improves emotion dysregulation in a community sample and in individuals with borderline-like traits. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:573-580. [PMID: 30406413 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that mindfulness-based interventions may improve mindfulness-related capacities (e.g., decentering, non-judging, and non-reacting) and emotion regulation. Previously, our group reported that ayahuasca could be a potential analogue of mindfulness practice. The main aim of the current study was to examine the effects of ayahuasca on emotional regulation and mindfulness-related capacities. Secondarily, we sought to explore the effects of ayahuasca on individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits. METHOD This is an observational study of 45 volunteers who participated in an ayahuasca session. The volunteers completed various self-report instruments designed to measure emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)) and mindfulness traits (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)-Short Form and Experiences Questionnaire (EQ)) prior to and 24 h after the ayahuasca session. The volunteers were divided into two subgroups based on their score on the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD). Twelve participants were grouped into the BPD-like traits subgroup while the rest of them were included in the non-BPD-like subgroup. We performed within-subjects and between-group analyses. RESULTS Overall, the participants showed significant improvements on the FFMQ subscales observing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reacting and also significantly improved on decentering (EQ scale) and on the DERS subscales emotional non-acceptance, emotional interference, and lack of control. The BPD-like subgroup also showed significant improvements on the DERS subscales emotional interference and lack of control but not in mindfulness capacities. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect for ayahuasca in emotion regulation and mindfulness capacities (including decentering, acceptance, awareness, and sensitivity to meditation practice). Based on these results, we believe that ayahuasca therapy could be of value in clinical populations, such as individuals with BPD, affected by emotion dysregulation.
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A systematic review of negative parenting practices predicting borderline personality disorder: Are we measuring biosocial theory's ‘invalidating environment’? Clin Psychol Rev 2018; 65:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Implementation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in Residential Treatment Programs: A Process Evaluation Model for a Community-Based Agency. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:921-929. [PMID: 29330697 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) can be challenging to implement in community-based settings. Little guidance is available on models to evaluate the effectiveness or sustainability of training and implementation efforts. Residential programs have much to gain from introduction of evidence-based practices, but present their own challenges in implementation. This paper presents a low-cost process evaluation model to assess DBT training piloted in residential programs. The model targets staff and organizational factors associated with successful implementation of evidence-based practices and matches data collection to the four stages of the DBT training model. The strengths and limitations of the evaluation model are discussed.
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Little H, Tickle A, das Nair R. Process and impact of dialectical behaviour therapy: A systematic review of perceptions of clients with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. Psychol Psychother 2018; 91:278-301. [PMID: 29034599 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify, appraise, and synthesize findings from qualitative studies of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder who have experienced dialectical behaviour therapy, to gain further understanding of their perceptions of the process and impact of therapy. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive systematic search of the literature from several online databases, and appraised them using an adapted version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. A meta-ethnographic approach was used to synthesize the data. RESULTS Seven studies met the criteria to be included and their quality subsequently appraised. Four main themes were identified through the synthesis process: life before DBT; the relationships that support change; developing self-efficacy; and a shift in perspectives. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the synthesis highlight the importance of a number of key factors in the process of DBT, and the impact that the therapy has both on day-to-day life and on individuals' identity. PRACTITIONER POINTS Existing outcome measures may not capture the complexity and magnitude of impact of DBT on individuals with BPD. Exploring first-hand accounts of individuals undertaking DBT can offer unique insight into the processes of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Little
- University of Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
| | - Anna Tickle
- University of Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, UK
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12
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Sharp M, Gulati A, Barker C, Barnicot K. Developing an emotional coping skills workbook for inpatient psychiatric settings: a focus group investigation. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:208. [PMID: 29929511 PMCID: PMC6013871 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests an unmet need for provision of psychological interventions in inpatient psychiatric settings. However, inpatient wards can present a challenging environment in which to implement interventions. The authors developed the Emotional Coping Skills workbook, a psychosocial intervention designed to overcome these challenges and provide inpatients with an opportunity for psychologically-informed therapeutic engagement. The workbook includes information and exercises to empower inpatients to understand their emotions and learn to cope with their distress. METHODS A qualitative study using thematic analysis was undertaken in two UK inpatient psychiatric hospitals to explore staff's views about whether and how the workbook could be implemented, and on barriers to its use. Thirty-five nursing and occupational therapy staff members participated in four focus groups, and a further two psychologists in semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Staff identified key barriers to successful implementation of the workbook. These were firstly, the difficulty in finding time and space for therapeutic work in the stressful ward environment. Secondly, staff identified a culture of emotional neglect whereby neither staff nor inpatients felt able to talk about emotions, and patients' physical needs and medication were prioritised. Thirdly, staff discussed how psychotic symptoms and emotional distress could limit patients' ability to engage with the workbook material. Staff suggested ways in which the feasibility of using the workbook could be enhanced. Firstly, they discussed the importance of encouraging staff to value psychological approaches and to view the workbook as a resource to help them manage their existing tasks. Secondly, they emphasised the value of staff drawing on their expertise to deliver the workbook flexibly in different formats and settings, depending on each patient's particular presentation. Thirdly, they advocated empowering staff to decide the timing of intervention delivery in the context of each inpatient's fluctuations in distress and progress towards recovery. CONCLUSIONS The study has highlighted key principles for flexible and well-integrated intervention delivery; these principles will be helpful for enhancing the feasibility of any nurse-delivered psychological intervention in inpatient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Sharp
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anu Gulati
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chris Barker
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kirsten Barnicot
- Centre for Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Iani L, Lauriola M, Cafaro V. The assessment of mindfulness skills: the “what” and the “how”. J Ment Health 2017; 29:144-151. [DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2017.1385738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Iani
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy and
| | - Marco Lauriola
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Cafaro
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy and
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Rudge S, Feigenbaum JD, Fonagy P. Mechanisms of change in dialectical behaviour therapy and cognitive behaviour therapy for borderline personality disorder: a critical review of the literature. J Ment Health 2017; 29:92-102. [PMID: 28480806 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2017.1322185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the "active ingredients" of psychological therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) despite a growing evidence base documenting its clinical effectiveness. This information can be used by clinicians to inform service planning and care pathways.Aims: The aim of this study was to review published empirical research investigating the potential mechanisms underlying therapeutic change in Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for BPD.Method: A thorough search of the PsychInfo, CINAHL Plus, PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases revealed research into potential mechanisms of change.Results: A total of 52 abstracts were reviewed. After a full text screen of the most relevant studies, 14 met inclusion criteria. Twelve examined DBT and two CBT. Mechanisms of change identified broadly fell into three categories: emotion regulation/self-control, skills use and therapeutic alliance/investment in treatment. Outcomes measured included general mental health diagnoses (e.g. anxiety, depression) and BPD-specific symptoms (e.g. self-harm/suicidality, impulsivity, substance misuse, anger).Conclusion: Further empirically robust research is required to test hypotheses about the influence of the proposed mechanisms on therapeutic change in psychological therapies for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Rudge
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK and
| | - Janet Denise Feigenbaum
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK and.,North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK and
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Reeves-Dudley B. Borderline Personality Disorder Psychological Treatment: An Integrative Review. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:83-87. [PMID: 28104065 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex and at times debilitating mental disorder, treatment of which has eluded effective pharmacotherapy (Gunderson, 2007). Although once considered untreatable, psychodynamic therapy and cognitive therapy (two types of psychological therapies) have provided hope for better lives for patients with this diagnosis (Gunderson). The author performed an integrative review of the literature pertaining to the present role of evidence-based practice (EBP) using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) definition of BPD to identify symptoms of the disorder. Thirty-eight peer reviewed articles, mostly quasi-experimental, three meta-analyses, two books, and two national psychiatric guideline websites were reviewed. BPD treatment may be successful with a variety of psychological therapies. Application of empirical studies is only part of BPD treatment considerations. Heterogeneous symptom presentation requires much professional interpersonal interaction and the literature is scant on inductive research for BPD. This review is limited to psychological aspects of BPD treatment.
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Ntshingila N, Poggenpoel M, Myburgh C, Temane A. Experiences of women living with borderline personality disorder. Health SA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hsag.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Spijkerman MPJ, Pots WTM, Bohlmeijer ET. Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health: A review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 45:102-14. [PMID: 27111302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 450] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being delivered through the Internet. Whereas numerous meta-analyses have investigated the effectiveness of face-to-face MBIs in the context of mental health and well-being, thus far a quantitative synthesis of the effectiveness of online MBIs is lacking. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the overall effects of online MBIs on mental health. Fifteen randomised controlled trials were included in this study. A random effects model was used to compute pre-post between-group effect sizes, and the study quality of each of the included trials was rated. Results showed that online MBIs have a small but significant beneficial impact on depression (g=0.29), anxiety (g=0.22), well-being (g=0.23) and mindfulness (g=0.32). The largest effect was found for stress, with a moderate effect size (g=0.51). For stress and mindfulness, exploratory subgroup analyses demonstrated significantly higher effect sizes for guided online MBIs than for unguided online MBIs. In addition, meta-regression analysis showed that effect sizes for stress were significantly moderated by the number of intervention sessions. Effect sizes, however, were not significantly related to study quality. The findings indicate that online MBIs have potential to contribute to improving mental health outcomes, particularly stress. Limitations, directions for future research and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P J Spijkerman
- Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - W T M Pots
- Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - E T Bohlmeijer
- Centre for eHealth and Well-being Research, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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18
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Jotangia A, Rees-Jones A, Gudjonsson GH, Young S. A multi-site controlled trial of the R&R2MHP cognitive skills program for mentally disordered female offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2015; 59:539-559. [PMID: 24293225 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x13512092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of delivering the Reasoning and Rehabilitation Mental Health Program (R&R2MHP) to female mentally disordered offenders detained in medium and low secure hospital settings. Group treatment participants (N = 18) and control participants receiving treatment as usual (N = 20) completed self-report measures pre- and post-group. An informant measure of ward behavior was also completed by staff. Violent attitudes and locus of control were assessed at 3-month follow-up. Program completion was excellent (89%). A conservative intention-to-treat analysis found significant treatment effects post-group for positive problem-solving orientation, rational problem-solving style, and locus of control (medium-large effect), but no treatment effect for violent attitudes, anger, and ward behavior. At follow-up, a large treatment effect was found for locus of control. Ad hoc per protocol analyses found a large treatment effect for ward behavior. The findings provide preliminary support for the feasibility and utility of delivering R&R2MHP to females in secure psychiatric settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Young
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, UK Imperial College London, Centre for Mental Health, UK
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19
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Taylor PJ, Hutton P, Wood L. Are people at risk of psychosis also at risk of suicide and self-harm? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2015; 45:911-926. [PMID: 25298008 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and self-harm are prevalent in individuals diagnosed with psychotic disorders. However, less is known about the level of self-injurious thinking and behaviour in those individuals deemed to be at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing psychosis, despite growing clinical interest in this population. This review provides a synthesis of the extant literature concerning the prevalence of self-harm and suicidality in the UHR population, and the predictors and correlates associated with these events. METHOD A search of electronic databases was undertaken by two independent reviewers. A meta-analysis of prevalence was undertaken for self-harm, suicidal ideation and behaviour. A narrative review was also undertaken of analyses examining predictors and correlates of self-harm and suicidality. RESULTS Twenty-one eligible studies were identified. The meta-analyses suggested a high prevalence of recent suicidal ideation (66%), lifetime self-harm (49%) and lifetime suicide attempts (18%). Co-morbid psychiatric problems, mood variability and a family history of psychiatric problems were among the factors associated with self-harm and suicide risk. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that self-harm and suicidality are highly prevalent in the UHR population, with rates similar to those observed in samples with diagnosed psychotic disorders. Appropriate monitoring and managing of suicide risk will be important for services working with the UHR population. Further research in this area is urgently needed considering the high rates identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Taylor
- Institute of Psychology, Health & Society, University of Liverpool,Liverpool,UK
| | - P Hutton
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh,Edinburgh,UK
| | - L Wood
- Inpatient and Acute Directorate,North East London Foundation Trust,London,UK
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20
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Lenz AS, Taylor R, Fleming M, Serman N. Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Treating Eating Disorders. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Stephen Lenz
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, The University of Memphis
| | - Rebecca Taylor
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, The University of Memphis
| | - Molly Fleming
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, The University of Memphis
| | - Nina Serman
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Research, The University of Memphis
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21
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Ricard RJ, Lerma E, Heard CCC. Piloting a Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) Infused Skills Group in a Disciplinary Alternative Education Program (DAEP). JOURNAL FOR SPECIALISTS IN GROUP WORK 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01933922.2013.834402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Borge L, Angel OH, Røssberg JI. Learning through cognitive milieu therapy among inpatients with dual diagnosis: a qualitative study of interdisciplinary collaboration. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2013; 34:229-39. [PMID: 23566185 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2012.740766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to explore the experiences of interdisciplinary collaboration among staff members, applying cognitive milieu therapy for inpatients with dual diagnosis. The study is based on 33 individual, qualitative interviews. The interdisciplinary approach helped the staff to agree on common aims for the treatment of each patient. The cognitive method was useful and provided the staff with suitable tools in their work with the patients. The staff succeeded in developing a good learning climate, where they cooperated on equal terms with the patients. Collaborative team learning and external supervision facilitated personal learning processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbet Borge
- Diakonhjemmet University College, Institute of Nursing and Health, Oslo, Norway.
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23
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Priebe S, Bhatti N, Barnicot K, Bremner S, Gaglia A, Katsakou C, Molosankwe I, McCrone P, Zinkler M. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of dialectical behaviour therapy for self-harming patients with personality disorder: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2013; 81:356-65. [PMID: 22964561 DOI: 10.1159/000338897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A primary goal of dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is to reduce self-harm, but findings from empirical studies are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of DBT in reducing self-harm in patients with personality disorder. METHODS Participants with a personality disorder and at least 5 days of self-harm in the previous year were randomised to receive 12 months of either DBT or treatment as usual (TAU). The primary outcome was the frequency of days with self-harm; secondary outcomes included borderline personality disorder symptoms, general psychiatric symptoms, subjective quality of life, and costs of care. RESULTS Forty patients each were randomised to DBT and TAU. In an intention-to-treat analysis, there was a statistically significant treatment by time interaction for self-harm (incidence rate ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.89-0.92, p < 0.001). For every 2 months spent in DBT, the risk of self-harm decreased by 9% relative to TAU. There was no evidence of differences on any secondary outcomes. The economic analysis revealed a total cost of a mean of 5,685 GBP (6,786 EUR) in DBT compared to a mean of 3,754 GBP (4,481 EUR) in TAU, but the difference was not significant (95% CI -603 to 4,599 GBP). Forty-eight per cent of patients completed DBT. They had a greater reduction in self-harm compared to dropouts (incidence rate ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.76-0.80, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS DBT can be effective in reducing self-harm in patients with personality disorder, possibly incurring higher total treatment costs. The effect is stronger in those who complete treatment. Future research should explore how to improve treatment adherence.
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Utilization of evidenced based dialectical behavioral therapy in assertive community treatment: examining feasibility and challenges. Community Ment Health J 2013; 49:25-32. [PMID: 22331474 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-012-9485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) programs have been treating individuals with chronic and severe mental illness since the 1970s. While ACT programs were developed to address the treatment needs of severely mentally ill persons traditionally suffering from chronic mental illnesses, ACT programs are seeing a growing number of persons with co-morbid personality disorders. The efficacy of traditional ACT programs in treating individuals with co-occurring personality disorders is uncertain, in particular individuals with co-morbid Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) has been proposed as an effective approach to treating clients with BPD in this setting. The purpose of this paper is to examine the value of DBT for individuals with BPD in ACT programs. The writers discuss the prevalence of Borderline Personality Disorders in ACT populations, briefly review the literature on DBT in ACT, address the feasibility of implementing DBT in an ACT model, examine potential barriers to this implementation, and highlight potential areas for future research.
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Williams SE, Hartstone MD, Denson LA. Dialectical Behavioural Therapy and Borderline Personality Disorder: Effects on Service Utilisation and Self-Reported Symptoms. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 2012. [DOI: 10.1375/bech.27.4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn a pilot evaluation study, effectiveness of a 20-week dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) skills training group program was explored for adult clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD;N= 140). Subjective ratings of depression, anxiety and BPD symptomatology were obtained pre and post group therapy. Objective measures of service utilisation levels were obtained for the 6 months prior to group therapy, the duration of therapy, and the 6 months following therapy. Group completers (n= 68) showed reductions in depression, anxiety and BPD symptomatology, as well as in the number of emergency department attendances. Completers with previous high service utilisation had decreases in telephone counselling calls and inpatient days during therapy, and fewer emergency department attendances post therapy. Completers had larger decreases in service utilisation than noncompleters (n= 72). Simultaneous engagement in individual DBT was related to higher group completion than was individual therapy as usual, but it did not impact on level of service utilisation or psychological functioning. This quasi-experimental pilot study suggests that DBT groups may improve psychological functioning and decrease service utilisation for BPD clients, particularly those with high service utilisation. The treatment warrants systematic evaluation.
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McSherry P, O'Connor C, Hevey D, Gibbons P. Service user experience of adapted dialectical behaviour therapy in a community adult mental health setting. J Ment Health 2012; 21:539-47. [PMID: 22316046 DOI: 10.3109/09638237.2011.651660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT), a skill-based cognitive behavioural treatment, is increasingly used in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD). AIMS The study examined service users' perspective on the effectiveness of an adapted DBT programme, delivered within a community adult mental health setting. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with eight participants with a diagnosis of BPD about their experience of the programme. RESULTS Thematic analysis focused on two key themes: evaluation of therapy and treatment impact. Therapy-specific factors and personal challenges emerged as important themes. Treatment impact raised issues relating to a renewed sense of identity and changes in daily life. CONCLUSIONS The study describes the positive and negative experiences of service users with BPD attending an adapted DBT programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela McSherry
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Sachse S, Keville S, Feigenbaum J. A feasibility study of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for individuals with borderline personality disorder. Psychol Psychother 2011; 84:184-200. [PMID: 22903856 DOI: 10.1348/147608310x516387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) was originally developed to prevent relapse in recurrent depression. More recently it has been applied to individuals at high risk of suicide or currently suffering with anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to consider the feasibility of MBCT for individuals with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD). DESIGN The design of the study was a repeated measures, quasi-experimental design employing within-subject and between-subject comparisons of a sample of participants with BPD. Based on previous studies and theoretical models of the effect of mindfulness and of cognitive therapy, pre- and post-group measures of mindfulness, depression, anxiety, dissociation, impulsivity, experiential avoidance, and attention were obtained. METHOD Participants attended an 8-week adapted MBCT (MBCT-a) group intervention. A total of 22 participants were assessed pre- and post-intervention and were subsequently divided for analysis into two groups: treatment completers (N= 16) and non-completers (number of sessions attended < 4; N= 6). RESULTS The study found that MBCT-a is acceptable to individuals with BPD. Using intention to treat analyses, only attentional control improved. However, post hoc analyses of treatment improvers (N= 9) identified changes in mindfulness and somatoform dissociation. A dose-effect analysis suggested a weak improvement in mindfulness, experiential avoidance, state anxiety, and somatoform dissociation. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that further exploration of MBCT for use with individuals with BPD is merited. The study lends tentative support for attentional and avoidance models of the effects of mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Sachse
- Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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28
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Abstract
Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) face considerable difficulties, both in terms of their symptom and functional status, as well as in attempting to obtain professional help. Their exclusion from appropriate mental health care and opportunities for recovery can be examined using the social construct of marginalization. Pervasive attitudes among clinicians, health care administrators, and policy-makers perpetuate the marginalization of BPD within systems of mental health care. Patients with BPD may be regarded as not suffering from a legitimate disorder, comprising a minority of the clinical population, and/or being a chronic drain on health care resources. Lack of suitable mental health services may be rationalized based on these attitudes. Considerable development in the empirical understanding of BPD challenges these stigmatizing attitudes and calls for critical questioning of the marginalized status of patients with BPD.
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29
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Lester RJ. Brokering authenticity: Borderline personality disorder and the ethics of care in an American eating disorder clinic. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2009; 50:281-302. [PMID: 19827330 DOI: 10.1086/598782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the moral work of a controversial psychiatric diagnosis--Borderline Personality Disorder--in an American eating disorder treatment center in the era of managed mental health care. Based on fieldwork at this clinic spanning more than 6 years, I consider how clinicians invoke aspects of Borderline Personality Disorder in everyday conversation, in a practice I call "borderline talk." I argue that borderline talk emerges in response to being caught between contradictory models of the subject entailed in managed care and psychodynamic discourses. Specifically, borderline talk enables clinicians to endorse a formulation of the subject that, although considered pathological, provides them with a clear path of ethical action in otherwise ethically ambiguous situations. These kinds of everyday ethical negotiations percolate throughout the American health care system and are key mechanisms through which notions of economic expediency become entangled with concepts of the healthy subject. As clinicians struggle out a course of action between competing ethical imperatives, they also struggle out the workability--and failures--of various articulations of the subject within contemporary American cultural ideologies of health and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Lester
- Department of Anthropology at Washington University, Campus Box 1114, 1 Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
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