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Birnbaum ML, Garrett C, Baumel A, Germano NT, Sosa D, Ngo H, John M, Dixon L, Kane JM. Examining the Effectiveness of a Digital Media Campaign at Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis in New York State: Results From a Stepped-wedge Randomized Controlled Trial. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:705-716. [PMID: 38408135 PMCID: PMC11059796 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) predicts worse outcomes in First Episode Psychosis (FEP). Searching online represents one of the first proactive step toward treatment initiation for many, yet few studies have informed how best to support FEP youth as they engage in early online help-seeking steps to care. STUDY DESIGN Using a stepped-wedge randomized design, this project evaluated the effectiveness of a digital marketing campaign at reducing DUP and raising rates of referrals to FEP services by proactively targeting and engaging prospective patients and their adult allies online. STUDY RESULTS Throughout the 18-month campaign, 41 372 individuals visited our website, and 371 advanced to remote clinical assessment (median age = 24.4), including 53 allies and 318 youth. Among those assessed (n = 371), 53 individuals (14.3%) reported symptoms consistent with psychotic spectrum disorders (62.2% female, mean age 20.7 years) including 39 (10.5%) reporting symptoms consistent with either Clinical High Risk (ie, attenuated psychotic symptoms; n = 26) or FEP (n = 13). Among those with either suspected CHR or FEP (n = 39), 20 (51.3%) successfully connected with care. The campaign did not result in significant differences in DUP. CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential to leverage digital media to help identify and engage youth with early psychosis online. However, despite its potential, online education and professional support alone are not yet sufficient to expedite treatment initiation and reduce DUP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Birnbaum
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | | | - Amit Baumel
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nicole T Germano
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Danny Sosa
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Hong Ngo
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Majnu John
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Dixon
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Kane
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
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Ho GWK, Mui JHC, Wong R, Chien WT, Wong KH, Bressington D. Visitor characteristics and changes in mental health stigma after attending the Mind Space mental health experience exhibition. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1302799. [PMID: 38742134 PMCID: PMC11089183 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1302799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mind Space is an experiential mental health exhibition in Hong Kong, aiming to raise public awareness and provide education regarding mental health. This prepost study aimed to 1) examine the relationships between visitors' characteristics and their mental health stigma at baseline, and 2) provide a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of Mind Space in reducing stigma and promoting help-seeking attitudes toward mental health conditions. Methods We analyzed data from all consenting visitors who attended Mind Space between September 2019 and December 2021. Visitors' attitudes toward mental health conditions and their willingness to seek professional psychological help were measured through online questionnaires before and after visits. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the demographic predictors of outcome variables at baseline. Changes in outcome variables after attending Mind Space were assessed using paired sample t-tests. Results A total of 382 visitors completed the baseline questionnaires, among which 146 also completed the post-test. At baseline, higher socioeconomic levels and personal contact with people with mental health conditions predicted more positive attitudes and understanding toward mental disorders. Tentatively, the results also showed that after attending Mind Space, a significant reduction in negative attitudes about mental illness (t=4.36, p=<.001; d=.361) and improvements in the propensity to seek professional help (t=-5.20, p<.001; d=-.430) were observed, along with decreases in negative attitudes toward stereotypes (t=4.71, p=<.001; d=.421) and restrictions (t=2.29, p=.024; d=.205) among healthcare professionals. Discussion Our findings highlight the need for mental health education for people with lower socioeconomic status and the importance of direct contact in public mental health education initiatives. The present study also suggests that Mind Space may be a useful model for public mental health education, but the exhibition requires further evaluation to ascertain if any reductions in stigma are maintained over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace W. K. Ho
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jolene Hang Chun Mui
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond Wong
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Tong Chien
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwan Ho Wong
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Bressington
- College of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
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Philpotts I, Blackwell EJ, Dillon J, Rooney NJ. Do Animal Welfare Education Campaigns Really Work? An Evaluation of the RSPCA's #DogKind Campaign in Raising Awareness of Separation-Related Behaviours in UK Dog Owners. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:484. [PMID: 38338126 PMCID: PMC10854513 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the main aims of companion animal welfare charities is to educate the public about the needs of animals. This is frequently performed through campaigns focusing on specific aspects of welfare. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA), Britain's biggest animal welfare charity, launched the nationwide #DogKind campaign in March 2019. Targeted mainly at 25-34-year-olds, the campaign aimed to increase awareness of separation-related behaviour (SRB) among dog owners and encourage them to seek help for SRB from reliable sources. This research involved a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design evaluating the campaign's effectiveness. It was conducted through a series of online surveys at three different time points: before the launch of the campaign (n = 2002), six months after (n = 2423), and, again, two months later (n = 269), during which we asked the same questions regarding knowledge of SRB. An experimental trial of 269 participants tested whether accessing a video alongside the campaign web pages increased the effectiveness of the campaign objectives. Overall, the campaign appeared to be effective in reaching its target audience but not at raising awareness of SRB or increasing the number of owners intending to seek help. The inclusion of a video in the campaign made no difference to its effectiveness. This study shows that this campaign had limited success in achieving its targets and highlights the importance of thorough evaluations of education interventions that aim to improve the welfare of companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzie Philpotts
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare Group, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK; (E.J.B.); (N.J.R.)
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Emily J. Blackwell
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare Group, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK; (E.J.B.); (N.J.R.)
| | - Justin Dillon
- IOE, UCL’s Faculty of Education & Society, University College London, London WC1H 0AL, UK;
| | - Nicola J. Rooney
- Animal Behaviour and Welfare Group, Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK; (E.J.B.); (N.J.R.)
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Guo M, Sun L. From rodents to humans: Rodent behavioral paradigms for social behavioral disorders. Brain Circ 2023; 9:154-161. [PMID: 38020957 PMCID: PMC10679632 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_48_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Social cognition guides social behavior. Subjects with proper social cognition should be able to: (1) have reasonable social motivation, (2) recognize other people and infer their intentions, and (3) weigh social hierarchies and other values. The choice of appropriate behavioral paradigms enables the use of rodents to study social behavior disorders in humans, thus enabling research to go deeper into neural mechanisms. This paper reviews commonly used rodent behavioral paradigms in studies of social behavior disorders. We focused specifically on sorting out ways to transfer the study of human social behavior to rodents through behavioral paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Le Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Malloy J, Partridge SR, Kemper JA, Braakhuis A, Roy R. Co-design of digital health interventions with young people: A scoping review. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231219117. [PMID: 38107986 PMCID: PMC10722957 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231219117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Innovative health promotion strategies are crucial for enhancing global quality of life and curbing premature deaths. Digital health promotion is particularly impactful for young individuals often using internet-connected devices. Collaborative methodologies in digital intervention research offer insights into supporting youth during key life stages, such as adolescence. This review sought to examine the literature on digital health interventions for youth co-designed via participatory frameworks. Methods Following the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual and an adapted Arksey & O'Malley's 6-stage framework, this review utilised the PRISMA-ScR checklist for structured reporting. Peer-reviewed research where young individuals (15-35 years) contributed to digital health intervention design was analysed. Systematic synthesis adhered to Braun & Clarke's Thematic Analysis Guidelines, mapping data to research queries and thematic framework. Results Eighteen articles were systematically synthesised, revealing seven main themes: digital tool, inquiry field, report aim, participatory activities, intervention attributes and behavioural change support. Seventeen distinctive digital health interventions were assessed, mostly within risk mitigation and mental health domains. Predominantly, interventions were web-based, with mental wellness websites emerging as the prevalent tool. User experience testing stood out as the primary reported outcome. Conclusion Several innovative digital health interventions targeting youth have been identified. Platforms including social media, specialised apps, websites and video games are instrumental for health advice and clinical support dissemination, overcoming access and cost barriers. Participatory techniques are integral for the efficacy of digital health resources, encompassing youth aspirations and anticipations. Continued efforts will enrich comprehension of optimal practices in digital health promotion and intervention formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Malloy
- Discipline of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie R Partridge
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joya A Kemper
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Entrepreneurship, University of Canterbury Business School, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Braakhuis
- Discipline of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rajshri Roy
- Discipline of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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