Favrat B, Zimmermann G, Zullino D, Krenz S, Dorogy F, Muller J, Zwahlen A, Broers B, Besson J. Opioid antagonist detoxification under anaesthesia versus traditional clonidine detoxification combined with an additional week of psychosocial support: a randomised clinical trial.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;
81:109-16. [PMID:
16024184 DOI:
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.06.003]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2005] [Revised: 06/07/2005] [Accepted: 06/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
While detoxification under anaesthesia accelerates the detoxification procedure, there is a lack of randomised clinical trials evaluating its effectiveness compared to traditional detoxification procedures, and a lack of data on long-term abstinence.
METHODS
Prospective randomised clinical trial. Analysis by intention to treat and per protocol.
SETTING
Specialised substance abuse unit in a psychiatric teaching hospital and an intensive care unit of a general hospital.
PARTICIPANTS
Seventy patients with opiate mono-dependence requesting detoxification: 36 randomised to RODA (treatment as allocated received by 26) and 34 randomised to classical clonidine detoxification (treatment as allocated received by 21).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Successful detoxification, safety and self-reported abstinence at 3, 6 and 12 months after detoxification.
RESULTS
Socio-demographics were similar in both groups at baseline. No complications were reported during or after anaesthesia. According to the intention to treat analysis, 28/36 (78%) RODA patients and 21/34 (62%) of the clonidine group successfully completed the detoxification process (p=0.14). In the intention to treat analysis, 30% of RODA patients were abstinent after 3 months compared to 14% in the clonidine group (p=0.11). No difference was found at 6 and 12 months (both groups showed less than 5% abstinence after 12 months). The per-protocol analysis showed similar results with no statistical differences either for ASI mean scores or for the SF36 questionnaire.
CONCLUSION
Although the detoxification success rate and abstinence after 3 months were slightly better for the RODA procedure compared to clonidine treatment, these differences were not statistically significant and disappeared completely after 6 and 12 months.
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