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Prothmann J, Molins-Delgado D, Braune A, Sandahl M, Turner C, Spégel P. Examining functional group-dependent effects on the ionization of lignin monomers using supercritical fluid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4007-4014. [PMID: 38829383 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The chemical and biological conversion of biomass-derived lignin is a promising pathway for producing valuable low molecular weight aromatic chemicals, such as vanillin or guaiacol, known as lignin monomers (LMs). Various methods employing chromatography and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have been developed for LM analysis, but the impact of LM chemical properties on analytical performance remains unclear. This study systematically optimized ESI efficiency for 24 selected LMs, categorized by functionality. Fractional factorial designs were employed for each LM to assess ESI parameter effects on ionization efficiency using ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography/ESI-MS (UHPSFC/ESI-MS). Molecular descriptors were also investigated to explain variations in ESI parameter responses and chromatographic retention among the LMs. Structural differences among LMs led to complex optimal ESI settings. Notably, LMs with two methoxy groups benefited from higher gas and sheath gas temperatures, likely due to their lower log P and higher desolvation energy requirements. Similarly, vinyl acids and ketones showed advantages at elevated gas temperatures. The retention in UHPSFC using a diol stationary phase was correlated with the number of hydrogen bond donors. In summary, this study elucidates structural features influencing chromatographic retention and ESI efficiency in LMs. The findings can aid in developing analytical methods for specific technical lignins. However, the absence of an adequate number of LM standards limits the prediction of LM structures solely based on ESI performance data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Prothmann
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Molins-Delgado
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Braune
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Margareta Sandahl
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Spégel
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden.
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2
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Hrabalová V, Opial T, Musilová J, Sedlář K, Obruča S. Biotransformation of ferulic acid into vanillyl alcohol and vanillic acid employing thermophilic bacterium Caldimonas thermodepolymerans. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 179:110475. [PMID: 38924876 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Caldimonas thermodepolymerans, a Gram-negative, moderately thermophilic bacterium, exhibits a remarkable biotechnological potential. Given the presence of genes in its genome dedicated to the metabolization of ferulic acid (FA), this study aimed to explore the bacterium's capability for biotransforming FA into high-value metabolites. The results unequivocally demonstrate the bacterium's proficiency in the efficient and rapid conversion of FA into vanillyl alcohol (VOH) and vanillic acid (VA). By manipulating key cultivation parameters, such as adjusting initial FA doses and varying cultivation periods, the product profile can be tailored. Higher initial doses and shorter cultivation periods favor the production of VOH, while lower FA doses and extended cultivation periods lead to the predominant formation of VA. Furthermore, the process can be operated in a repeated-batch scenario. This underscores the potential of C. thermodepolymerans for industrial biotransformation of FA, presenting a promising avenue for leveraging its capabilities in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vendula Hrabalová
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Opial
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Musilová
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 12, Brno 616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Sedlář
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 12, Brno 616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Obruča
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 612 00, Czech Republic.
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3
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Arabacı Tamer S, Eskiler GG, Ercan F. Gastroprotective effect of vanillic acid against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats: involvement of the NF-κB signalling and anti-apoptosis role. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:744. [PMID: 38874632 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vanillic acid (VA; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a flavouring agent found in various natural sources such as olives, fruits, and green tea. While VA exhibits numerous pharmacological effects, its potential protective effects against gastric injury warrants further investigation. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to elucidate investigate the gastroprotective properties of VA against ethanol-induced gastric injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were orally administered either saline or VA at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day), with omeprazole (20 mg/kg) serving as a positive control, for fourteen consecutive days before ethanol administration. Blood and gastric tissue samples were collected one hour after ethanol administration for biochemical, molecular, and histological analyses. Pre-treatment with VA before ulcer induction alleviated both macroscopic and microscopic damage. It also increased antioxidant glutathione levels and decreased malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity, along with reducing inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Additionally, VA pre-treatment reversed the elevation of Bax mRNA expression and gastric caspase-3 levels induced by gastric damage. It also mitigated the reduction in Bcl-2 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that VA exerts protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. It achieves this by augmenting gastric antioxidant capacity and mitigating oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabacı Tamer
- School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Sakarya University, Korucuk Mah. Konuralp Bulvarı No: 81/1 Korucuk Kampüsü, Adapazarı Sakarya, 54100, Türkiye.
| | - Gamze Güney Eskiler
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Feriha Ercan
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye
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4
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Emenike B, Shahin S, Raj M. Bioinspired Synthesis of Allysine for Late-Stage Functionalization of Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403215. [PMID: 38529755 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the enzyme lysyl oxidase, which selectively converts the side chain of lysine into allysine, an aldehyde-containing post-translational modification, we report herein the first chemical method for the synthesis of allysine by selective oxidation of dimethyl lysine. This approach is highly chemoselective for dimethyl lysine on proteins. We highlight the utility of this biomimetic approach for generating aldehydes in a variety of pharmaceutically active linear and cyclic peptides at a late stage for their diversification with various affinity and fluorescent tags. Notably, we utilized this approach for generating small-molecule aldehydes from the corresponding tertiary amines. We further demonstrated the potential of this approach in generating cellular models for studying allysine-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Emenike
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
| | - Sophia Shahin
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
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5
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Ruini C, Ferrari E, Durante C, Lanciotti G, Neri P, Ferrari AM, Rosa R. Integrated Approach of Life Cycle Assessment and Experimental Design in the Study of a Model Organic Reaction: New Perspectives in Renewable Vanillin-Derived Chemicals. Molecules 2024; 29:2132. [PMID: 38731622 PMCID: PMC11085093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This work is focused on performing a quantitative assessment of the environmental impacts associated with an organic synthesis reaction, optimized using an experimental design approach. A nucleophilic substitution reaction was selected, employing vanillin as the substrate, a phenolic compound widely used in the food industry and of pharmaceutical interest, considering its antioxidant and antitumoral potential. To carry out the reaction, three different solvents have been chosen, namely acetonitrile (ACN), acetone (Ace), and dimethylformamide (DMF). The syntheses were planned with the aid of a multivariate experimental design to estimate the best reaction conditions, which simultaneously allow a high product yield and a reduced environmental impact as computed by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The experimental results highlighted that the reactions carried out in DMF resulted in higher yields with respect to ACN and Ace; these reactions were also the ones with lower environmental impacts. The multilinear regression models allowed us to identify the optimal experimental conditions able to guarantee the highest reaction yields and lowest environmental impacts for the studied reaction. The identified optimal experimental conditions were also validated by experimentally conducting the reaction in those conditions, which indeed led to the highest yield (i.e., 93%) and the lowest environmental impacts among the performed experiments. This work proposes, for the first time, an integrated approach of DoE and LCA applied to an organic reaction with the aim of considering both conventional metrics, such as reaction yield, and unconventional ones, such as environmental impacts, during its lab-scale optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ruini
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (P.N.); (A.M.F.); (R.R.)
| | - Erika Ferrari
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Caterina Durante
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Giulia Lanciotti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Paolo Neri
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (P.N.); (A.M.F.); (R.R.)
| | - Anna Maria Ferrari
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (P.N.); (A.M.F.); (R.R.)
- Interdepartmental Center En&Tech, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Tecnopolo di Reggio Emilia, Piazzale Europa 1, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Rosa
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, v. Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (P.N.); (A.M.F.); (R.R.)
- Interdepartmental Center En&Tech, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Tecnopolo di Reggio Emilia, Piazzale Europa 1, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Department of Economics, Science, Engineering and Design, University of San Marino Republic, v. Consiglio dei Sessanta 99, 47891 Dogana, San Marino
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6
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Ru Y, Gong X, Lu W, Chen L, Wei L, Dai Q. Enhanced ozonation of vanillin catalyzed by highly efficient magnetic MnFe 2O 4/ZIF-67 catalysts: Synergistic effects and mechanism insights. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2024; 96:e11027. [PMID: 38659148 DOI: 10.1002/wer.11027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized magnetic MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 composite catalysts using a straightforward method, yielding catalysts that exhibited outstanding performance in catalyzing the ozonation of vanillin. This exceptional catalytic efficiency arose from the synergistic interplay between MnFe2O4 and ZIF-67. Comprehensive characterization via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed that the incorporation of MnFe2O4 promoted the creation of oxygen vacancies, resulting in an increased presence of l adsorbed oxygen (Oads) and the generation of additional ·OH groups on the catalyst surface. Utilizing ZIF-67 as the carrier markedly enhanced the specific surface area of the catalyst, augmenting the exposure of active sites, thus improving the degradation efficiency and reducing the energy consumption. The effects of different experimental parameters (catalyst type, initial vanillin concentration, ozone dosage, initial pH value, and catalyst dosage) were also investigated, and the optimal experimental parameters (300 mg/L1.0-MnFe2O4/ZIF-67, vanillin concentration = 250 mg/L, O3 concentration = 12 mg/min, pH = 7) were obtained. The vanillin removal efficiency of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was increased from 74.95% to 99.54% after 30 min of reaction, and the magnetic separation of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was easy to be recycled and stable, and the vanillin removal efficiency of MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 was only decreased by about 8.92% after 5 cycles. Additionally, we delved into the synergistic effects and catalytic mechanism of the catalysts through kinetic fitting, reactive oxygen quenching experiments, and electron transfer analysis. This multifaceted approach provides a comprehensive understanding of the enhanced ozonation process catalyzed by MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 composite catalysts, shedding light on their potential applications in advanced oxidation processes. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A stable and recyclable magnetic composite MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 catalyst was synthesized through a simple method. The synergistic effect and catalytic mechanism of the MnFe2O4/ZIF-67 catalyst were comprehensively analyzed and discussed. A kinetic model for the catalytic ozone oxidation of vanillin was introduced, providing valuable insights into the reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Ru
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Wangyang Lu
- Zhejiang Yiwu Water Supply Company Limited, Yiwu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qizhou Dai
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Yun HM, Kim E, Kwon YJ, Park KR. Vanillin Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation, Mineral Apposition, and Antioxidant Effects in Pre-Osteoblasts. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:485. [PMID: 38675146 PMCID: PMC11054936 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) is used as a flavoring in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Vanillin possesses various biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the biological activities of vanillin purified from Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara on bone-forming processes. Vanillin treatment induced mineralization as a marker for mature osteoblasts, after stimulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity. The bone-forming processes of vanillin are mainly mediated by the upregulation of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), phospho-Smad1/5/8, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) pathway during the differentiation of osteogenic cells. Moreover, vanillin promoted osteoblast-mediated bone-forming phenotypes by inducing migration and F-actin polymerization. Furthermore, we validated that vanillin-mediated bone-forming processes were attenuated by noggin and DKK1. Finally, we demonstrated that vanillin-mediated antioxidant effects prevent the death of osteoblasts during bone-forming processes. Overall, vanillin has bone-forming properties through the BMP2-mediated biological mechanism, indicating it as a bone-protective compound for bone health and bone diseases such as periodontitis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonmi Kim
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (E.K.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Yoon-Ju Kwon
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea; (E.K.); (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju 61751, Republic of Korea
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8
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Venkataraman S, Athilakshmi JK, Rajendran DS, Bharathi P, Kumar VV. A comprehensive review of eclectic approaches to the biological synthesis of vanillin and their application towards the food sector. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1019-1036. [PMID: 38440686 PMCID: PMC10908958 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Vanillin, a highly regarded flavor compound, has earned widespread recognition for its natural and aromatic qualities, piquing substantial interest in the scientific community. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the intricate world of vanillin synthesis, encompassing a wide spectrum of methodologies, including enzymatic, microbial, and immobilized systems. This investigation provides a thorough analysis of the precursors of vanillin and also offers a comprehensive overview of its transformation through these diverse processes, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and enthusiasts alike. The elucidation of different substrates such as ferulic acid, eugenol, veratraldehyde, vanillic acid, glucovanillin, and C6-C3 phenylpropanoids adds a layer of depth and insight to the understanding of vanillin synthesis. Moreover, this comprehensive review explores the multifaceted applications of vanillin within the food industry. While commonly known as a flavoring agent, vanillin transcends this role by finding extensive use in food preservation and food packaging. The review meticulously examines the remarkable preservative properties of vanillin, providing a profound understanding of its crucial role in the culinary and food science sectors, thus making it an indispensable reference for professionals and researchers in these domains. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Swethaa Venkataraman
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Jothyswarupha Krishnakumar Athilakshmi
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Devi Sri Rajendran
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Priyadharshini Bharathi
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
| | - Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRM IST), Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203 India
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9
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Li Y, Xu L, Ouyang J, Lei J, Hu J, Xing X, Chen P, Li J, Zhong C, Yang B, Li H. Harmonic and anharmonic studies on THz spectra of two vanillin polymorphs. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 309:123869. [PMID: 38198992 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Polymorphism commonly exists in organic molecular crystals. The fingerprint features in low-frequency vibrational range are important information reflecting different intermolecular interactions of polymorphs. Interpreting these features is very helpful to understand vibrational property of polymorphs and reveal the thermodynamic stability. In this work, the low-frequency vibrations of form I and II of vanillin are investigated using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Static DFT calculation and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) are employed to interpret their low-frequency vibrations of both forms in harmonic and anharmonic ways, respectively. Their low-frequency vibration characteristics in harmonic calculations are discussed, and anharmonic mode couplings between OH bond stretch and the stretching and bending motion of hydrogen bonds are uncovered. Moreover, the thermodynamic energies including electronic potential energy and vibrational/kinetic energy arising from nuclear motions are calculated. The result reveals that the stability order of the two forms is mainly dependent on their electric potential energy difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue 999, Nanchang City 330031, China.
| | - Li Xu
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Avenue 418, Nanchang City 330013, China
| | - Jinbo Ouyang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Avenue 418, Nanchang City 330013, China.
| | - Jiangtao Lei
- Institute of Space Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue 999, Nanchang City 330031, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China
| | - Xiaohong Xing
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Avenue 418, Nanchang City 330013, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Guanglan Avenue 418, Nanchang City 330013, China
| | - Jiaqing Li
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue 999, Nanchang City 330031, China
| | - Changqing Zhong
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue 999, Nanchang City 330031, China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Xuefu Avenue 999, Nanchang City 330031, China
| | - Heng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductors and Applications, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Jiujiang 332000, China
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10
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Mohamed SK, Ahsin A, Rehman HM, Mohammed HH, Mague JT, Al-Salahi R, El Bakri Y, Hussein BRM. XRD/DFT, Hirshfeld surface analysis and molecular modelling simulations for unfolding reactivity of newly synthesized vanillin derivatives: excellent optical, NLO and protein binding efficiency. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38305762 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2308774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
New vanillin derivatives, namely, ethyl (4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)acetate (2a) and 2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-N-phenylacetamide (2b), respectively, were synthesized and characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), IR, mass spectra and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis was performed to probe intra- and intermolecular interactions and surface reactivity. 2D fingerprint plots (FP) were used to study the nature and percentage contribution of intermolecular interactions leading to the formation of the crystal unit. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were used to obtain the electronic structure and reactivity of the new molecules. Natural population analysis (NPA) and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) calculations reveal significant charge transfer and a reduced HOMO-LUMO gap up to 4.34 eV for 2b. Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) study is utilized to understand the surface topological and bonding nature of 2a and 2b. The performed molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) and density of states (DOS) study further suggest sites likely to be attractive to incoming reagents. At the same time, hyperpolarizability (βo) is used to characterize the nonlinear optical properties, and TD-DFT study shows the excitation energy and absorption behavior. In silico studies were performed, including docking, binding free energies (MMBGSA) and molecular dynamics simulations. Compounds 2a and 2b were docked with RdRp of SARS-Cov-2, and the MMBGSA for 2a and 2b were -30.70 and -28.47 kcal/mol, respectively, while MD simulation showed the stability of protein-ligand complexes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaaban K Mohamed
- Chemistry and Environmental Division, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Atazaz Ahsin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hayam H Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Joel T Mague
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rashad Al-Salahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youness El Bakri
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
| | - Bahgat R M Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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11
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D’Arrigo P, Rossato LAM, Strini A, Serra S. From Waste to Value: Recent Insights into Producing Vanillin from Lignin. Molecules 2024; 29:442. [PMID: 38257355 PMCID: PMC10818928 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vanillin, one of the most widely used and appreciated flavoring agents worldwide, is the main constituent of vanilla bean extract, obtained from the seed pods of various members belonging to the Orchidaceae family. Due to the great demand in the food confectionery industry, as well as in the perfume industry, medicine, and more, the majority of vanillin used today is produced synthetically, and only less than one percent of the world's vanilla flavoring market comes directly from the traditional natural sources. The increasing global demand for vanillin requires alternative and overall sustainable new production methods, and the recovery from biobased polymers, like lignin, is an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical synthesis. The present review provides firstly an overview of the different types of vanillin, followed by a description of the main differences between natural and synthetic vanillin, their preparation, the market of interest, and the authentication issues and the related analytical techniques. Then, the review explores the real potentialities of lignin for vanillin production, presenting firstly the well-assessed classical methods and moving towards the most recent promising approaches through chemical, biotechnological and photocatalytic methodologies, together with the challenges and the principal issues associated with each technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D’Arrigo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, p.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR), via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy;
| | - Letizia A. M. Rossato
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, p.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Strini
- Istituto per le Tecnologie della Costruzione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ITC-CNR), via Lombardia 49, 20098 San Giuliano Milanese, Italy;
| | - Stefano Serra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (SCITEC-CNR), via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy;
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12
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Rivero-Angeles KD, Buitimea-Cantúa GV, Dávila-Ortiz G, López-Villegas EO, Welti-Chanes J, Escobedo-Avellaneda Z, Téllez-Medina DI. Microstructural Changes in Vanilla planifolia Beans after Using High-Hydrostatic-Pressure Treatment in the Curing Process. Foods 2024; 13:177. [PMID: 38254478 PMCID: PMC10813947 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
During vanilla bean curing, the cell arrangement derived from the killing technique applied to start bean ripening is essential to obtain the characteristic aroma and flavor of vanilla. Hence, killing is an important step to release the enzymes and compounds required for vanillin production. In this work, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 100-400 MPa for 5 min, using water at 7 °C as the pressure-transmitting medium, was applied as the killing method, and its effect on the microstructural changes in vanilla beans during different curing cycles (C0-C20) was evaluated and compared with that observed after scalding by using water at 100 °C for 8 s. Microstructural changes in the cross-sectioned beans were analyzed using a stereomicroscope (SM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The vanilla beans were cross-sectioned and three main sectors were analyzed: the total, annular, and core. The morphometric descriptors, namely, area, Feret's diameter, and circularity, were quantified via digital image analysis (DIA), from which a shrinkage ratio was calculated. The results show that the total area in the beans presented a maximum decrease in the C16 of curing. The core area was most affected by the HHP treatment, mainly at 400 MPa, rather than scalding. CSLM observations revealed the autofluorescence of the compounds inside the beans. In conclusion, the use of microscopy techniques and DIA allowed us to determine the microstructural changes in the HHP-treated pods, which were found to be more numerous than those found in the scalded beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia D. Rivero-Angeles
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu 399, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (K.D.R.-A.); (G.D.-O.)
| | - Génesis V. Buitimea-Cantúa
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.V.B.-C.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Gloria Dávila-Ortiz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu 399, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (K.D.R.-A.); (G.D.-O.)
| | - Edgar O. López-Villegas
- Central de Instrumentación de Microscopía, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Casco de Santo Tomás, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Welti-Chanes
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.V.B.-C.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Zamantha Escobedo-Avellaneda
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico; (G.V.B.-C.); (J.W.-C.)
| | - Darío I. Téllez-Medina
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Wilfrido Massieu 399, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (K.D.R.-A.); (G.D.-O.)
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13
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Rodrigues Gazolla PA, Lima WP, de Aguiar AR, Gonçalves Borsodi MP, Costa AV, de Oliveira FM, de Oliveira OV, Andreazza Costa MC, Castro Ferreira MM, do Nascimento CJ, Junker J, Vaz BG, Teixeira RR. Leishmanicidal activity and 4D quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies of vanillin-containing 1,2,3-triazole derivatives. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:139-155. [PMID: 38131191 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The assessment of the antileishmanial potential of 22 vanillin-containing 1,2,3-triazole derivatives against Leishmania braziliensis is reported. Materials & methods: Initial screening was performed against the parasite promastigote form. The most active compound, 4b, targeted parasites within amastigotes (IC50 = 4.2 ± 1.0 μmol l-1), presenting low cytotoxicity and a selective index value of 39. 4D quantitative structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies provided insights into structure-activity and biological effects. Conclusion: A vanillin derivative with significant antileishmanial activity was identified. Enhanced activity was linked to increased electrostatic and Van der Waals interactions near the benzyl ring of the derivatives. Molecular docking indicated the inhibition of the Leishmania amazonensis sterol 14α-demethylase, using Leishmania infantum sterol 14α-demethylase as a model, without affecting the human isoform. Inhibition was active site competition with lanosterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poliana Aparecida Rodrigues Gazolla
- Grupo de Pesquisa e Síntese de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Wallace Pacienza Lima
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Grande Rio, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 22775-003, Brazil
| | - Alex Ramos de Aguiar
- Grupo de Pesquisa e Síntese de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Gonçalves Borsodi
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Adilson Vidal Costa
- Departamento de Química e Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre-ES, 29500-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cláudia Jorge do Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Jochen Junker
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Boniek Gontijo Vaz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia-GO, 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Róbson Ricardo Teixeira
- Grupo de Pesquisa e Síntese de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, 36570-900, Brazil
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14
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Song X, Porter ME, Whitaker VM, Lee S, Wang Y. Identification of ethyl vanillin in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) using a targeted metabolomics strategy: From artificial to natural. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100944. [PMID: 38022735 PMCID: PMC10663669 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving flavor can be an important goal of strawberry through breeding that is enhanced through the accurate identification and quantification of flavor compounds. Herein, a targeted metabolomics strategy was developed using liquid-liquid extraction, an in-house standard database, and GC-MS/MS analysis. The database consisted of key food odorants (KFOs), artificial flavor compounds (AFCs) and volatiles. A total of 131 flavor compounds were accurately identified in Medallion® 'FL 16.30-128' strawberry. Importantly, ethyl vanillin was identified for the first time in natural food. Multiple techniques, including GC-MS, GC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS were applied to ensure the identification. The ethyl vanillin in the Medallion® samples were determined in a range of concentrations from 0.070 ± 0.0006 µg/kg to 0.1372 ± 0.0014 µg/kg by using stable isotope dilution analysis. The identification of ethyl vanillin in strawberry implys the future commercial use a natural flavor compound and the potential to identify genes and proteins associated with its biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Song
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Food Science and Huamn Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
| | - Mark E. Porter
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL 33598, United States
| | - Vance M. Whitaker
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL 33598, United States
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL 33598, United States
| | - Yu Wang
- Citrus Research & Education Center, Food Science and Huamn Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, Florida 33850, United States
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15
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Rodríguez-Jiménez S, Lam E, Bhattacharjee S, Reisner E. Valorisation of lignocellulose and low concentration CO 2 using a fractionation-photocatalysis-electrolysis process. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2023; 25:10611-10621. [PMID: 38089755 PMCID: PMC10711734 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc03258b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The simultaneous upcycling of all components in lignocellulosic biomass and the greenhouse gas CO2 presents an attractive opportunity to synthesise sustainable and valuable chemicals. However, this approach is challenging to realise due to the difficulty of implementing a solution process to convert a robust and complex solid (lignocellulose) together with a barely soluble and stable gas (CO2). Herein, we present the complete oxidative valorisation of lignocellulose coupled to the reduction of low concentration CO2 through a three-stage fractionation-photocatalysis-electrolysis process. Lignocellulose from white birch wood was first pre-treated using an acidic solution to generate predominantly cellulosic- and lignin-based fractions. The solid cellulosic-based fraction was solubilised using cellulase (a cellulose depolymerising enzyme), followed by photocatalytic oxidation to formate with concomitant reduction of CO2 to syngas (a gas mixture of CO and H2) using a phosphonate-containing cobalt(ii) bis(terpyridine) catalyst immobilised onto TiO2 nanoparticles. Photocatalysis generated 27.9 ± 2.0 μmolCO gTiO2-1 (TONCO = 2.8 ± 0.2; 16% CO selectivity) and 147.7 ± 12.0 μmolformate gTiO2-1 after 24 h solar light irradiation under 20 vol% CO2 in N2. The soluble lignin-based fraction was oxidised in an electrolyser to the value-added chemicals vanillin (0.62 g kglignin-1) and syringaldehyde (1.65 g kglignin-1) at the anode, while diluted CO2 (20 vol%) was converted to CO (20.5 ± 0.2 μmolCO cm-2 in 4 h) at a Co(ii) porphyrin catalyst modified cathode (TONCO = 707 ± 7; 78% CO selectivity) at an applied voltage of -3 V. We thus demonstrate the complete valorisation of solid and a gaseous waste stream in a liquid phase process by combining fractioning, photo- and electrocatalysis using molecular hybrid nanomaterials assembled from earth abundant elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erwin Lam
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
| | - Subhajit Bhattacharjee
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
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16
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Ordaz-Ortiz JJ, Cruz-Narváez Y, Guerrero-Esperanza M, Romero-García NL, Arroyo-Silva A, Gómez-Cruz CY. Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic Ratio Analysis by FT ICR MS for Natural Vanillin Authentication. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2755-2763. [PMID: 37983185 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin is the main component of vanilla flavor and is naturally produced from an orchid. However, due to the high cost and time-intensive nature of cultivating natural vanilla pods, most of the vanillin is mainly artificially manufactured. Existing methodologies, such as isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and site-specific natural isotopic fractionation by nuclear magnetic resonance (SNIF-NMR), are employed to differentiate natural vanillin from other sources based on carbon and hydrogen isotope measurements. Nevertheless, these methods have limitations, as the carbon isotopic ratio can be counterfeited by adding commercially available enriched vanillin. For this research, we purified 1 mg of vanillin from pods from various geographical and botanical sources. We developed a novel method for analyzing 13C/12C and 18O/16O isotopic ratios of vanillin using direct injection analysis coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). This innovative approach enables the examination of bulk vanillin carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios, as well as specific molecular fragments. By analyzing a characteristic vanillin fragment that provides site-specific 18O/16O isotopic ratio data, we achieved superior clustering and discrimination of samples based on their botanical source and geographical origin. Our proposed method holds significant potential for vanillin authentication and can be performed using a mere 20 μg of pure vanillin in just 10 min of analysis time. Subsequent research should focus on acquiring additional vanillin samples from diverse botanical, geographical, and biosynthetic origins while exploring various isotopic ratios to further enhance the reproducibility and reliability of this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Ordaz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Moisés Guerrero-Esperanza
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Nayeli L Romero-García
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Anita Arroyo-Silva
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36824, Mexico
| | - Carlos Y Gómez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
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17
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Du H, Duan Y, Ai J, Kong D, Wang D, Hu H, Wang H, Yang Y. Electrochemical determination of ethylvanillin based on LaV@GAC nanocomposite. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:2049-2058. [PMID: 37668882 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Ethyl vanillin (EVA) is widely used as a flavor additive in foods, and sensitive monitoring of EVA is of great significance for food safety. In this paper, the biomass of gum arabic derived carbon (GAC) coated with lanthanum vanadate (LaV) was constructed for the EVA sensor based on the synergistic effects of the electrochemical catalytic ability of LaV, the enhanced electrical conductivity with the GAC coating and the oxygen-containing functional groups in LaV@GAC. The as-developed LaV@GAC sensor showed a remarkable linear range from 0.06 μM to 100 μM and a low detection limit (LOD) of 6.28 nM. The electrochemical oxidation of EVA is limited by a diffusion-controlled process involving 2 electrons and 2 protons. Moreover, the LaV@GAC sensor has good recoveries (94.5-103.05%) for the detection of EVA in real milk powder samples. The proposed LaV@GAC sensor has good repeatability, high stability, and great potential for sensitive detection of flavor additives in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Du
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashi University, Kashi, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jixing Ai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Dabin Kong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Dexiang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Huali Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, Kashi University, Kashi, Xinjiang, 844000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China.
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18
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Tong W, Wang S, Yang Y, Huang Z, Li Y, Huang D, Luo H, Zhao L. Insights into the Dynamic Succession of Microbial Community and Related Factors of Vanillin Content Change Based by High-Throughput Sequencing and Daqu Quality Drivers. Foods 2023; 12:4312. [PMID: 38231778 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Daqu is an important saccharifying starter in the fermentation of Nongxiangxing Baijiu in China. Vanillin is a health and flavor factor in Baijiu. However, only a few research studies on the vanillin content of Daqu are currently not systematic. In order to investigate the metabolic mechanism of vanillin in the fermentation process of Daqu, we analyzed the changes in microorganisms, influencing factors, and enzymes related to vanillin in Daqu. This research found that there were differences between bacterial and fungal genera in each sample, and the abundance of bacteria was greater than that of fungi. Among the microbial genera, Klebsiella, Escherichia, Acinetobacter, Saccharopolyspora, Aerococcus, and Puccinia were positively correlated with vanillin. Meanwhile, we also found that moisture and reducing sugar were the main physicochemical factors affecting the formation of vanillin. The functional annotation results indicate that carbohydrate metabolism and energy metabolism were important microbial metabolic pathways that impacted vanillin production in solid-state fermentation. The feruloyl-CoA hydratase/lyase (EC 4.1.2.61) and acylamidase (EC 3.5.1.4) were positively correlated with vanillin content (p ≤ 0.05) and promote the increase in vanillin content. These findings contribute to furthering our understanding of the functional microorganisms, physicochemical factors, and enzymes related to the change in vanillin content during the fermentation of Daqu and can help to further explore the flavor substances in Baijiu fermentation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Tong
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Biotechnology and Application, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Shuqin Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Zhijiu Huang
- Sichuan Luzhou Laojiao Co., Ltd., Luzhou 646000, China
- Zuiqingfeng Distillery Co., Ltd., Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yiyun Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Dan Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Biotechnology and Application, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Huibo Luo
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin 644000, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Biotechnology and Application, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Liming Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200000, China
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19
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Wei ZQ, Wang JX, Guo JM, Liu XL, Yan Q, Zhang J, Dong SL. An odorant receptor tuned to an attractive plant volatile vanillin in Spodoptera litura. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105619. [PMID: 37945255 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The insect olfaction plays crucial roles in many important behaviors, in which ORs are key determinants for signal transduction and the olfactory specificity. Spodoptera litura is a typical polyphagous pest, possessing a large repertoire of ORs tuning to broad range of plant odorants. However, the specific functions of those ORs remain mostly unknown. In this study, we functionally characterized one S. litura OR (OR51) that was highly expressed in the adult antennae. First, by using Xenopus oocyte expression and two-electrode voltage clamp recording system (XOE-TEVC), OR51 was found to be strongly and specifically responsive to vanillin (a volatile of S. litura host plants) among 77 tested odorants. Second, electroantennogram (EAG) and Y-tube behavioral experiment showed that vanillin elicited significant EAG response and attraction behavior especially of female adults. This female attraction was further confirmed by the oviposition experiment, in which the soybean plants treated with vanillin were significantly preferred by females for egg-laying. Third, 3D structural modelling and molecular docking were conducted to explore the interaction between OR51 and vanillin, which showed a high affinity (-4.46 kcal/mol) and three residues (Gln163, Phe164 and Ala305) forming hydrogen bonds with vanillin, supporting the specific binding of OR51 to vanillin. In addition, OR51 and its homologs from other seven noctuid species shared high amino acid identities (78-97%) and the same three hydrogen bond forming residues, suggesting a conserved function of the OR in these insects. Taken together, our study provides some new insights into the olfactory mechanisms of host plant finding and suggests potential applications of vanillin in S. litura control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ji-Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin-Meng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education / College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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20
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Mei F, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhou S, Shi H, Jiang Y. Development and Validation of a Stable Isotope Dilution Headspace-SPME-GC/MS Method for the Determination of Vanillin in Fragrant Vegetable Oils. Molecules 2023; 28:7288. [PMID: 37959708 PMCID: PMC10650462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that vanillin has been intentionally added to enhance the taste and flavor of low-quality vegetable oils. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the accurate concentrations of vanillin in three types of fragrant vegetable oils commonly consumed in China. In this study, a method has been developed for the quantification of vanillin in commercial fragrant vegetable oils using the stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) and headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the analyte were determined to be 20 µg kg-1 and 50 µg kg-1, respectively. The validation study demonstrated that the recoveries ranged from 89% to 101%, with intra-day and inter-day precision being less than 7.46%. A survey of 80 commercially available fragrant vegetable oils was performed using the present method. Vanillin was found to be widely present in fragrant vegetable oils, with sesame oils showing the highest average content (842.6 µg kg-1), followed by rapeseed oils (262.1 µg kg-1) and peanut oils (115.0 µg kg-1). The results indicate that the proposed method is a simple, accurate, and eco-friendly approach for determining the presences of vanillin in fragrant vegetable oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Mei
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
| | - Hongling Wang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
| | - Mei Zhang
- Yihai Kerry (Qingdao) Oils & Grains Industries Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266321, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
| | - Haiming Shi
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
| | - Yuanrong Jiang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China (S.Z.)
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21
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Zhu J, Huang T, Chen X, Tian D, Wang L, Gao R. Preparation and characterization of vanillin-conjugated chitosan-stabilized emulsions via a Schiff-base reaction. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1489-1499. [PMID: 37637835 PMCID: PMC10449761 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current work, vanillin-conjugated chitosan stabilized emulsions (CSVAEs) were successfully prepared and its characterization and antibacterial properties were investigated. Under stirring condition, CSVAEs were produced by a Schiff base reaction between the vanillin aldehyde group and the chitosan active amino group. The CSVAEs were described through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and thermogravimetric analysis, which demonstrated the generation of Schiff bases between vanillin and chitosan. Furthermore, the CSVAEs displayed differences at different pH values, indicating their potential as pH-responsive materials. By studying their release behavior, pH 4 was a critical point at which the properties of the CSVAEs changed. The antibacterial tests showed that the CSVAEs had good pH-responsive antibacterial abilities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Zhu
- School of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage & Transportation of Characterized Agro–Products, Chongqing, 400067 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Huang
- School of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- School of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
| | - Dongling Tian
- School of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin, 537000 China
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000 China
| | - Ruiping Gao
- School of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage & Transportation of Characterized Agro–Products, Chongqing, 400067 People’s Republic of China
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22
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Ali I, Mısır M, Demir E, Dinçer İ, Locatelli M, ALOthman ZA. Nano solid phase micro membrane tip and electrochemical methods for vanillin analysis in chocolate samples. Anal Biochem 2023; 677:115268. [PMID: 37524223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A polymer-based nanosensor and electrochemical methods were developed for the quantitative analysis of vanillin. The sample preparation was done using nano solid phase micro membrane tip extraction (NSPMMTE). A novel poly(phenylalanine)/TiO2/CPE sensor was built as the working electrode for the first time for the analysis of the vanillin substance. The electrochemical behavior and analytical performance of vanillin were examined in detail by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) techniques via the oxidation process. The optimized modules of the DPSV technique that affected the vanillin peak current and peak potential were pH, pulse amplitude, step potential, and deposition time. The electroactive surface areas of bare CPE, TiO2/CPE, and poly(phenylalanine)/TiO2/CPE electrodes were found to be 0.135 cm2, 0.155 cm2, and 0.221 cm2, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 32.6 μg/L in the 0.25-15.0 mg/L working range at pH 7.0. The selectivity of the proposed DPSV method for the determination of vanillin on the modified electrode was investigated in the presence of various organic and inorganic substances, and the determination of vanillin with high recovery was achieved with less than 5% relative error. The analytical application was applied in chocolate samples and the DPSV method was found highly efficient, reproducible, and selective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| | - Murat Mısır
- Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 40100, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Ersin Demir
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - İrem Dinçer
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio ", Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Iqbal Z, Quds R, Mahmood R. Vanillin attenuates CdCl 2-induced cytotoxicity in isolated human erythrocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 91:105633. [PMID: 37336463 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal with no physiological role in the human body. Cadmium has high mobility due to its widespread industrial use, with no safe and effective therapeutic management. Cadmium toxicity manifests by increasing oxidative stress in target cells. We have explored the potential role of vanillin, a plant phenolic aldehyde and antioxidant, in mitigating cadmium chloride (CdCl2) induced hemotoxicity using isolated human erythrocytes. CdCl2 was added to erythrocytes, in the absence and presence of vanillin. Incubation of erythrocytes with CdCl2 alone inhibited methemoglobin reductase and enhanced methemoglobin level. Heme degradation and release of free iron (Fe2+), along with protein and membrane lipid oxidation, were also increased. A CdCl2-induced enhancement in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species was also seen, lowering the overall antioxidant power of cells. However, pre-incubation of erythrocytes with vanillin resulted in significant decreased generation of reactive species and prevented heme degradation and heme oxidation. Vanillin augmented the erythrocyte antioxidant capacity and reinstated the activities of major antioxidant, plasma membrane-bound and glucose metabolism enzymes. Scanning electron microscopy showed that CdCl2 treatment led to the formation of echinocytes which was prevented by vanillin. In all cases, no harmful effects of vanillin alone were seen. Thus, vanillin alleviates the toxicity of cadmium and can be potentially employed as a chemoprotectant against the damaging effects of this heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmin Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Ruhul Quds
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
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24
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Wang X, Zhou X, Kang L, Lai Y, Ye H. Engineering natural molecule-triggered genetic control systems for tunable gene- and cell-based therapies. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:416-426. [PMID: 37384125 PMCID: PMC10293594 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to precisely control activities of engineered designer cells provides a novel strategy for modern precision medicine. Dynamically adjustable gene- and cell-based precision therapies are recognized as next generation medicines. However, the translation of these controllable therapeutics into clinical practice is severely hampered by the lack of safe and highly specific genetic switches controlled by triggers that are nontoxic and side-effect free. Recently, natural products derived from plants have been extensively explored as trigger molecules to control genetic switches and synthetic gene networks for multiple applications. These controlled genetic switches could be further introduced into mammalian cells to obtain synthetic designer cells for adjustable and fine tunable cell-based precision therapy. In this review, we introduce various available natural molecules that were engineered to control genetic switches for controllable transgene expression, complex logic computation, and therapeutic drug delivery to achieve precision therapy. We also discuss current challenges and prospects in translating these natural molecule-controlled genetic switches developed for biomedical applications from the laboratory to the clinic.
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25
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Mohamed Abdoul-Latif F, Ainane A, Houmed Aboubaker I, Mohamed J, Ainane T. Exploring the Potent Anticancer Activity of Essential Oils and Their Bioactive Compounds: Mechanisms and Prospects for Future Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1086. [PMID: 37631000 PMCID: PMC10458506 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, affecting millions of people each year. Fortunately, the last decades have been marked by considerable advances in the field of cancer therapy. Researchers have discovered many natural substances, some of which are isolated from plants that have promising anti-tumor activity. Among these, essential oils (EOs) and their constituents have been widely studied and shown potent anticancer activities, both in vitro and in vivo. However, despite the promising results, the precise mechanisms of action of EOs and their bioactive compounds are still poorly understood. Further research is needed to better understand these mechanisms, as well as their effectiveness and safety in use. Furthermore, the use of EOs as anticancer drugs is complex, as it requires absolute pharmacodynamic specificity and selectivity, as well as an appropriate formulation for effective administration. In this study, we present a synthesis of recent work on the mechanisms of anticancer action of EOs and their bioactive compounds, examining the results of various in vitro and in vivo studies. We also review future research prospects in this exciting field, as well as potential implications for the development of new cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatouma Mohamed Abdoul-Latif
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti City P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Ayoub Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
| | | | - Jalludin Mohamed
- Medicinal Research Institute, Center for Studies and Research of Djibouti, IRM-CERD, Route de l’Aéroport, Haramous, Djibouti City P.O. Box 486, Djibouti;
| | - Tarik Ainane
- Superior School of Technology of Khenifra, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, P.O. Box 170, Khenifra 54000, Morocco; (A.A.); (T.A.)
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26
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Ben Khemis I, Aouaini F, Bukhari L, Nasr S, Ben Lamine A. Quantitative characterizations of mOR-EG activated by vanilla odorants using advanced statistical physics modeling. Food Chem 2023; 415:135782. [PMID: 36868068 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
An advanced monolayer adsorption model of an ideal gas was successfully employed to investigate the adsorption of vanillin, vanillin methyl ether, vanillin ethyl ether, and vanillin acetate odorants on mouse eugenol olfactory receptor mOR-EG. In order to understand the adsorption process putatively introduced in olfactory perception, model parameters were analyzed. Hence, fitting results showed that the studied vanilla odorants were linked in mOR-EG binding pockets with a non-parallel orientation, and their adsorption was a multi-molecular process (n > 1). The adsorption energy values that ranged from 14.021 to 19.193 kJ/mol suggested that the four vanilla odorants were physisorbed on mOR-EG (ΔEa < 40 kJ/mol) and the adsorption mechanism may be considered as an exothermic mechanism (ΔEa > 0). The estimated parameters may also be utilized for the quantitative characterization of the interactions of the studied odorants with mOR-EG to determine the corresponding olfactory bands ranging from 8 to 24.5 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismahene Ben Khemis
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR 18 ES 18, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Environnement Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Fatma Aouaini
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamies Bukhari
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia Nasr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmottaleb Ben Lamine
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR 18 ES 18, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Environnement Street, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
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27
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Golovinskaia O, Wang CK. The hypoglycemic potential of phenolics from functional foods and their mechanisms. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Hofmann E, Degot P, Touraud D, König B, Kunz W. Novel green production of natural-like vanilla extract from curcuminoids. Food Chem 2023; 417:135944. [PMID: 36934704 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The demand for natural vanilla extract, and vanillin in particular, by far exceeds the current production, as both the cultivation of vanilla beans and the extraction of vanillin are laborious. For this purpose, most vanillin used today is produced synthetically, contrary to the general trend toward bio-based products. The present study deals with the synthesis of nature-based vanillin, starting with the more accessible rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa. Besides vanillin, vanillic acid and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde are synthesized that way, which are also found in the natural vanilla bean. The extraction of the curcuminoids and, finally, their conversion to the flavors are performed using visible light and food-grade chemicals only. A binary mixture of ethanol and triacetin, as well as a surfactant-free microemulsion consisting of water, ethanol, and triacetin, are investigated in this context. The results exceed the literature values for Soxhlet extraction of vanilla beans by a factor > 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evamaria Hofmann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Pierre Degot
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Didier Touraud
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Werner Kunz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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29
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JAEGER SR, CARDELLO AV, JIN D, RYAN GS, GIACALONE D. Consumer perception of plant-based yoghurt: Sensory drivers of liking and emotional, holistic and conceptual associations. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112666. [PMID: 37087252 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based (PB) yoghurts is a rapidly expanding food category with the potential to reduce many of the negative environmental impacts associated with the farming of dairy cattle and related greenhouse gas emissions. Within the context of growing consumer demand for PB products, this research aimed to identify the main drivers of consumer acceptance of PB yoghurts through data drawn from a consumer study of 113 adult New Zealand participants who tasted a representative range of commercially available vanilla-flavoured PB yoghurts, and provided sample evaluations using a multi-variable measurement approach comprised of liking ratings, emotional responses, sensory characterisations, and holistic / conceptual perceptions. The primary finding of this study was that the overall acceptability of currently available PB yoghurts is low, leading to poor attitudes and low willingness to consume PB yoghurts. The examined products were characterised by the presence of several sensory attributes that negatively impacted consumer liking, either because they were unexpected or because their intensity level was too high. Among the main sensory issues identified were perceived sourness (acidity), lumpy appearance and non-white colour. In contrast, vanilla flavour and a creamy/smooth texture were identified as the main drivers of liking. The multi-response approach used in this study enabled a comprehensive characterisation of the products. One of the key insights gained was that negative emotional activation, caused by the presence of unexpected sensory attributes in the samples, was the main driver of product rejection. This was likely due to the disparity between consumers' sensory expectations, formed primarily based on their experience with dairy yoghurts, and the actual experience upon tasting the PB yoghurts. Overall, the findings indicate that the sensory properties of currently available PB yoghurts are a significant barrier to their adoption by most consumers and that addressing these sensory deficiencies is essential to achieving mainstream market acceptance of these products.
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30
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Zeng Z, Zhang B, Zhan Y, Huo J, Shi Y, Li X, Zhe W, Li B, Zhang Y, Yang Q. Method Comparison of Sample Pretreatment and Discovery of Differential Compositions of Natural Flavors and Fragrances for Quality Analysis by Using Chemometric Tools. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1222:123690. [PMID: 37019038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Natural flavors and fragrances or their extracts have been widely used in a large variety of areas, including food, cosmetic, and tobacco industrial processes, among others. The compositions and intrinsic attributes of flavors and fragrances were related to many factors, such as species, geographical origin, planting environment, storage condition, processing method, and so on. This not only increased the difficulty in analyzing the product quality of flavors and fragrances, but also challenged the idea of "quality-by-design (QbD)". This work proposed an integrated strategy for precise discovery of differential compounds among different classes and subsequent quality analysis of complex samples through flavors and fragrances used in tobacco industry as examples. Three pretreatment methods were first inspected to effectively characterize the sample compositions, including direct injection (DI), thermal desorption (TD), and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)-TD, coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to obtain characteristic information of samples of flavors and fragrances. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to discover the relation and difference between chromatographic fingerprints and peak table data once significant components were recognized in a holistic manner. Model population analysis (MPA) was then used to quantitatively extract the characteristic chemicals representing the quality differences among different classes of samples. Some differential marker compounds were discovered for difference analysis, including benzyl alcohol, latin acid, l-menthol acid, decanoic acid ethyl ester, vanillin, trans-o-coumaric acid, benzyl benzoate, and so on. Furthermore, partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine (SVM) were respectively applied to construct multivariate models for evaluation of quality differences and variations. It was found that the accuracy attains to 100% for sample classification. With the help of optimal sample pretreatment technique and chemometric methods, the strategy for quality analysis and difference discovery proposed in this work can be widely delivered to more areas of complex plants with good interpretability and high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongda Zeng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Yifei Zhan
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Jinfeng Huo
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Yingjiao Shi
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xianyi Li
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China
| | - Wei Zhe
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China
| | - Boyan Li
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China.
| | - Qianxu Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming 650231, China.
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31
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Sharma V, Ali SW. Functionalization of cellulosic and polyester textiles using reduced Schiff base (RSB) of eco-friendly vanillin. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 30:3317-3338. [PMID: 36817563 PMCID: PMC9923662 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-023-05085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Vanillin is an active ingredient found in the crop 'vanilla' and is traditionally extracted from the 'vanilla pod'. Vanillin intrinsically is not a suitable candidate for imparting durable functional features into textile substate due to its smaller chemical structure which leads to leaching of the same during washing operation. To enlarge the structure, in the present study, vanillin has been converted into 4-(benzylamino) methyl))-2-methoxyphenol vanillin derivative (reduced Schiff base) with considerable amount of yield by using a simple one-step process and the synthesized product has been characterized by 1H, C13 NMR, FTIR, and Raman analysis. Thereafter, the reduced Schiff base of vanillin (RSB) has been integrated on cotton as well as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric using high temperature high pressure (HT-HP) technique for imparting multiple functionalities. FESEM EDX analysis has confirmed the integration of RSB on both the fabrics by revealing uniform presence of the nitrogen (of the synthesized derivative) on the treated textile materials. Both types of functionalized textiles have demonstrated appealing color shades with an excellent antimicrobial activity of about 90% against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The treated fabrics could cater pleasing fragrance and exhibit 90% antioxidant properties. Moreover, enlarged vanillin derivative in the form of RSB can retain its properties in the fabrics even after repeated machine launderings. RSB-treated cotton fabric has shown ultra-violet protection factor (UPF) of 38 which drops to 24 after washing whereas in case of PET treated fabric, the observed UPF values are 265 and 164 before and after washing, respectively. The RSB treatment has been found to be cytotoxically secure and biocompatible as tested on the PET fabric. Other required properties of the treated fabrics such as water absorbency, flexibility, etc. have also been found to be intact. Thus, the presented study reveals a new class of safe material that can be derived from eco-friendly vanillin and has the potential to replace hazardous chemicals that are currently used in textile chemical processing industries. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10570-023-05085-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerender Sharma
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 India
| | - S. Wazed Ali
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 India
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32
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Karremans AP, Bogarín D, Fernández Otárola M, Sharma J, Watteyn C, Warner J, Rodríguez Herrera B, Chinchilla IF, Carman E, Rojas Valerio E, Pillco Huarcaya R, Whitworth A. First evidence for multimodal animal seed dispersal in orchids. Curr Biol 2023; 33:364-371.e3. [PMID: 36521493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the mechanisms for seed dispersal and persistence of species is a central aim of ecology. Seed dispersal by animals is an essential form of dissemination in many plant communities, including seeds of over 66% of neotropical canopy tree species.1,2 Besides physical dispersal, animals influence seed germination probabilities through scarification, breaking dormancy, and preventing rotting, so plants often invest important resources in attracting them. Orchids are predominantly adapted to wind dispersal, having dust-like seeds that are easily uplifted. Exceptions include bird-,3,4 cricket-,5,6 and mammal-dispersed7 species, featuring fleshy fruits with hard seeds that germinate after passing the animal's digestive system. Given the similarity in fruit and seed morphology, zoochory has also been suggested in Vanilla,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 a pantropical genus of 118 species with vine-like growth.16,17,18 We test this prediction through in situ and ex situ experimentation using fruits of Vanilla planifolia, and wild relatives, from which vanillin-a widely used natural aroma and flavoring-is obtained. Seeds from dehiscent fruits are removed by male Euglossini collecting fragrances, a unique case in plants, and female Meliponini bees gathering nest-building materials, a first among monocots. By contrast, mammals, mostly rodents, consume the nutritious indehiscent fruits, passing the seeds up to 18 h after consumption. Protocorm formation in digested and undigested seeds proves that scarification in the gut is not strictly required for germination. Multimodal seed dispersal mechanisms are proven for the first time in Orchidaceae, with ectozoochory and endozoochory playing crucial roles in the unusually broad distribution of Vanilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Karremans
- Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL), University of Costa Rica (UCR), P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Evolutionary Ecology Group, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Diego Bogarín
- Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL), University of Costa Rica (UCR), P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Evolutionary Ecology Group, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mauricio Fernández Otárola
- Biodiversity and Tropical Ecology Research Center (CIBET), School of Biology, University of Costa Rica (UCR), 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Department of Plant Science, Texas Tech University, P.O. Box 79409, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Watteyn
- Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL), University of Costa Rica (UCR), P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jorge Warner
- Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL), University of Costa Rica (UCR), P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Bernal Rodríguez Herrera
- Biodiversity and Tropical Ecology Research Center (CIBET), School of Biology, University of Costa Rica (UCR), 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Isler F Chinchilla
- Lankester Botanical Garden (JBL), University of Costa Rica (UCR), P.O. Box 302-7050, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Ernesto Carman
- Selva Costa Rica, P.O. Box 1-7100, Paraíso, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Emmanuel Rojas Valerio
- Reserva Biológica Tirimbina, Calle 126, Apdo. 41002 La Virgen de Sarapiquí, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Ruthmery Pillco Huarcaya
- Osa Conservation, Osa Peninsula, Apdo. 54-8203 Puerto Jiménez, Golfito, Costa Rica; Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Av. de La Cultura 773, Apdo. 08000 Cusco, Perú
| | - Andy Whitworth
- Osa Conservation, Osa Peninsula, Apdo. 54-8203 Puerto Jiménez, Golfito, Costa Rica; Department of Biology, Center for Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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Antonio-Gutiérrez O, Pacheco-Reyes I, Lagunez-Rivera L, Solano R, Cañizares-Macías MDP, Vilarem G. Effect of Microwave and Ultrasound during the Killing Stage of the Curing Process of Vanilla ( Vanilla planifolia, Andrews) Pods. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030469. [PMID: 36765998 PMCID: PMC9914085 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The curing process (CP) of Vanilla planifolia pods, which is a long and tedious process, is necessary to obtain the natural vanilla extract. This research evaluated the application of microwave (M) and ultrasound (U) during the "killing" stage of the CP and its effect on vanillin content and β-glucosidase activity. The pods were immersed in a container with water or with moistened samples for the M treatments. In U treatments, the pods were immersed in an ultrasonic bath. After this stage, the samples were subjected to an additional U treatment. The results show that the application of these technologies significantly improves vanillin yield (p < 0.05) and the curing time is reduced to 20 days. U treatments subjected to additional sonication at 38 °C obtain more than double the yield of vanillin regarding control. The effect of M and U on cell structure damage increases with additional sonication, but at 15 min, β-glucosidase inactivation decreases the final yield. Disposition of samples in M also affects the final vanillin content. There is no significant correlation between β-glucosidase and vanillin in the different treatments. The application of M and U with the appropriate parameters reduces the CP time without affecting the compounds of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Antonio-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
| | - Isidro Pacheco-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
| | - Luicita Lagunez-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-9515170400 (ext. 82771)
| | - Rodolfo Solano
- Laboratorio de Extracción y Análisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
| | - María del Pilar Cañizares-Macías
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Gerard Vilarem
- Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle, Université de Toulouse, INP-ENSIACET, 31030 Toulouse, France
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Information about health and environmental benefits has minimal impact on consumer responses to commercial plant-based yoghurts. Food Qual Prefer 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2023.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Diamond A, Barnabé S, Desgagné‐Penix I. Is a spice missing from the recipe? The intra-cellular localization of vanillin biosynthesis needs further investigations. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:3-7. [PMID: 36066305 PMCID: PMC10087407 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin is the most popular flavor compound in the world. Substantial effort were made in the last decades to completely elucidate the metabolic pathway that leads to vanillin in plants, with some controversy reported. In V. planifolia, vanillin biosynthesis occurs in plastids or in redifferentiated-plastids termed ''phenyloplasts''. More recently, it was shown that all enzymes required for the conversion of [14 C]-phenylalanine to [14 C]-vanillin-glucoside are confined within that organelle. However, knowing that some of these enzymes are cytosolic or ER-membrane bound in most plant species, it raises questions on the interpretation of data obtained from the technique used and on the true localization of the biosynthetic enzymes in V.planifolia. In addition, intense debate has emerged about the real participation of last enzyme of the pathway involving vanillin synthase (VpVAN) in the direct conversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. With the discovery of another enzyme capable of this conversion and the lack of activity of VpVAN in vitro, further disagreement emerged. One additional challenge to VpVAN being necessary and sufficient is that the transcript for this protein is abundant invarious non-vanillin-producing tissues of the vanilla plant. In this viewpoint, we discuss the findings surrounding the cellular-localization and activity of enzymes of vanillin biosynthesis. This will help to further understand the pathway and urge for additional research study to resolve the debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Diamond
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuébecCanada
| | - S. Barnabé
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuébecCanada
| | - I. Desgagné‐Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuébecCanada
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV)Trois‐RivièresQuébecCanada
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Prinith NS, Manjunatha JG, Albaqami MD, Mohamed Tighezza A, Sillanpää M. Electrochemical Analysis of Food additive Vanillin using Poly (Aspartic Acid) Modified Graphene and Graphite composite Paste Sensor. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nambudumada S. Prinith
- Department of Chemistry, FMKMC College Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri Karnataka India
| | - Jamballi G. Manjunatha
- Department of Chemistry, FMKMC College Constituent College of Mangalore University, Madikeri Karnataka India
| | - Munirah D. Albaqami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Mohamed Tighezza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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Mastoor S, Nazim F, Rizwan-ul-Hasan S, Ahmed K, Khan S, Ali SN, Abidi SH. Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Natural Compounds and Their Analogues against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206874. [PMID: 36296467 PMCID: PMC9610881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most frequent causes of biofilm-associated infections. With the emergence of antibiotic-resistant, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), there is an urgent need to discover novel inhibitory compounds against this clinically important pathogen. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of 11 compounds, including phenyl propenes and phenolic aldehydes, eugenol, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, salicylaldehyde, vanillin, cinnamoyl acid, and aldehydes, against drug-resistant S. aureus isolates. (2) Methods: Thirty-two clinical S. aureus isolates were obtained from Alkhidmat Diagnostic Center and Blood Bank, Karachi, Pakistan, and screened for biofilm-forming potential, and susceptibility/resistance against ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, amikacin, cephalothin, clindamycin, streptomycin, and gentamicin using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Subsequently, 5 representative clinical isolates were selected and used to test the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential of 11 compounds using both qualitative and quantitative assays, followed by qPCR analysis to examine the differences in the expression levels of biofilm-forming genes (ica-A, fnb-B, clf-A and cna) in treated (with natural compounds and their derivatives) and untreated isolates. (3) Results: All isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant and dominant biofilm formers. The individual Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of natural compounds and their analogues ranged from 0.75−160 mg/mL. Furthermore, the compounds, Salicylaldehyde (SALI), Vanillin (VAN), α-methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde (A-MT), and trans-4-nitrocinnamic acid (T4N) exhibited significant (15−92%) biofilm inhibition/reduction percentage capacity at the concentration of 1−10 mg/mL. Gene expression analysis showed that salicylaldehyde, α-methyl-trans-cinnamaldehyde, and α-bromo-trans-cinnamaldehyde resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) downregulation of the expression of ica-A, clf-A, and fnb-A genes compared to the untreated resistant isolate. (4) Conclusions: The natural compounds and their analogues used in this study exhibited significant antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity against S. aureus. Biofilms persist as the main concern in clinical settings. These compounds may serve as potential candidate drug molecules against biofilm forming S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Mastoor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi 74600, Pakistan
| | - Fizza Nazim
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Ahmed
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Shabnam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Nawazish Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hani Abidi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence:
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Gou J, Guo Y, Liu H, Zhao Y, Zhu R, Dang Y, Liu N, Chen M, Chen X. Process optimization of vanillin production by conversion of ferulic acid by Bacillus megaterium. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6047-6061. [PMID: 35462414 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vanillin is an important flavoring and aromatic ingredient found mainly in the pods of the tropical plant vanilla and is widely used in the food industry. Attempts have been made to produce vanillin from ferulic acid esters in agricultural residues of wheat bran. RESULTS The results showed that a strain with high tolerance to the substrate ferulic acid was isolated and screened from soil and identified as belonging to the genus Bacillus (Bacillus megaterium). The concentration of vanillin produced by this strain was 0.048 g L-1 , and the molar conversion of vanillin was 12.25%. The production of vanillin was optimized by orthogonal experiments. Beef pastes 6.0 g L-1 , soybean meal 5.0 g L-1 , magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 1.0 g L-1 , iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate 1.0 g L-1 , calcium chloride 1.0 g L-1 , dipotassium hydrogen phosphate trihydrate 1.0 g L-1 ; fermentation culture conditions were pH 7.0, inoculum level 5%, loading volume 20%, ferulic acid 1.0 g L-1 , fermentation culture temperature 35 °C. The concentration of vanillin obtained was 0.218 g L-1 . Finally, transcriptomic analysis of the strain samples before and after the optimization of the fermentation conditions was carried out to study the effect of the optimization of the fermentation conditions on the concentration of vanillin produced by the strain. CONCLUSION This study provides a theoretical basis for further improving the yield of vanillin and gradually realizing efficient industrial production. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Gou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanni Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongjing Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Dang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan, China
| | - Mengyin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
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Maisch NA, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Antibacterial effects of vanilla ingredients provide novel treatment options for infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria - A recent literature review. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2022; 12:53-62. [PMID: 36149764 PMCID: PMC9530676 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2022.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing application of antibiotics not only in healthcare settings but also in conventional agriculture and farming, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens are rising worldwide. Given the increasing prevalence of infections caused by MDR bacteria such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species (ESKAPE pathogen complex), it is pivotal to explore novel alternative or adjunct treatment options such as phytochemicals with antibiotic properties. Vanillin and vanillin acid represent biologically active ingredients in vanilla that has been known for long for its health-beneficial including antimicrobial effects besides its role as flavoring agent. Therefore, we performed a literature search from the past 10 years summarizing the knowledge regarding the effects of vanilla constituents against bacterial including MDR pathogens. Our survey revealed that vanillin and vanillic acid exerted potent effects directed against distinct Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting growth, viability, biofilm formation, quorum sensing and virulence. Remarkably, when combining vanillin or vanillic acid with defined synthetic antibiotics pronounced synergistic effects directed against distinct pathogenic including ESCAPE strains could be observed. In conclusion, vanilla ingredients constitute promising alternative or adjunct options in the combat of infections caused by MDR bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah A. Maisch
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Oxidation of vanillyl alcohol to vanillin over nanostructured cerium–iron mixed oxide catalyst with molecular oxygen. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Skaliter O, Livneh Y, Agron S, Shafir S, Vainstein A. A whiff of the future: functions of phenylalanine-derived aroma compounds and advances in their industrial production. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1651-1669. [PMID: 35638340 PMCID: PMC9398379 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce myriad aroma compounds-odorous molecules that are key factors in countless aspects of the plant's life cycle, including pollinator attraction and communication within and between plants. For humans, aroma compounds convey accurate information on food type, and are vital for assessing the environment. The phenylpropanoid pathway is the origin of notable aroma compounds, such as raspberry ketone and vanillin. In the last decade, great strides have been made in elucidating this pathway with the identification of numerous aroma-related biosynthetic enzymes and factors regulating metabolic shunts. These scientific achievements, together with public acknowledgment of aroma compounds' medicinal benefits and growing consumer demand for natural products, are driving the development of novel biological sources for wide-scale, eco-friendly, and inexpensive production. Microbes and plants that are readily amenable to metabolic engineering are garnering attention as suitable platforms for achieving this goal. In this review, we discuss the importance of aroma compounds from the perspectives of humans, pollinators and plant-plant interactions. Focusing on vanillin and raspberry ketone, which are of high interest to the industry, we present key knowledge on the biosynthesis and regulation of phenylalanine-derived aroma compounds, describe advances in the adoption of microbes and plants as platforms for their production, and propose routes for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Skaliter
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Yarin Livneh
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Shani Agron
- Department of NeurobiologyThe Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael
| | - Sharoni Shafir
- B. Triwaks Bee Research Center, Department of Entomology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Alexander Vainstein
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
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Moradi O. A review on nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for determination of vanillin in food samples. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 168:113391. [PMID: 36041662 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vanillin is an organic compound that not only acts as a flavoring and fragrance enhancer in some foods, but also can have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-depressant effects. Nevertheless, its excessive use can be associated with side effects on human health. Consequently, there is a need to achieve a rapid vanillin determination approach to enhance food safety. The diversity and high sensitivity of analytical approaches has led researchers to use more advanced and efficient methods providing quantitative and qualitative outcomes in complex matrices. Among these, prominent attention has been drawn to electrochemical sensors for reasons such as reliability, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, portability, selectivity, and ease of operation, especially for the determination of vanillin. Nanomaterials are a good candidate for sensor construction due to their commendable physicochemical attributes. Some advanced nanostructures with promising platforms for high-sensitivity, highly selective, and long-lasting electrochemical sensors include graphene (Gr) and its derivatives, graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and quantum dots. Study about sizes, dimensions, and morphologies of nanomaterials makes strong candidates for improving sensitivity or selectivity according to electrocatalytic abilities. The low LOD and wide linear range of samples demonstrated an excellent catalytic performance towards the vanillin oxidation. Some investigations have reported the synergistic effects like great conductivity of carbon nanomaterials which improved the electrocatalytic performance of nanocomposites which demonstrated the estimable sensitivity of nanomaterial-supported electrochemical sensors for determination of vanillin concentrations. The sensors which have reported have a commendable response to practical potential and evaluated in biscuit, pudding powder, chocolate, custard specimens and etc. sensitivity, stability, reproducibility and repeatability of suggested sensor were investigated. The present review article scrutinizes recent advances in the fabrication of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors to detect vanillin in various food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Moradi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Yeh CH, Chou CY, Wu CS, Chu LP, Huang WJ, Chen HC. Effects of Different Extraction Methods on Vanilla Aroma. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144593. [PMID: 35889468 PMCID: PMC9317338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To establish the analytic conditions for examining the aroma quality of vanilla pods, we compared different extraction methods and identified a suitable option. We utilized headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), steam distillation (SD), simultaneous steam distillation (SDE) and alcoholic extraction combined with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify volatile components of vanilla pods. A total of 84 volatile compounds were identified in this experiment, of which SDE could identify the most volatile compounds, with a total of 51 species, followed by HS-SPME, with a total of 28 species. Ten volatile compounds were identified by extraction with a minimum of 35% alcohol. HS-SPME extraction provided the highest total aroma peak areas, and the peak areas of aldehydes, furans, alcohols, monoterpenes and phenols compounds were several times higher than those of the other extraction methods. The results showed that the two technologies, SDE and HS-SPME, could be used together to facilitate analysis of vanilla pod aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsin Yeh
- Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan 327, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chia-Yi Chou
- Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan 327, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chin-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Lee-Ping Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Juan Huang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-J.H.); (H.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 5306) (W.-J.H.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 5310) (H.-C.C.); Fax: +886-4-2236-8557 (H.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Chun Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-J.H.); (H.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 5306) (W.-J.H.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 5310) (H.-C.C.); Fax: +886-4-2236-8557 (H.-C.C.)
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Ogunlade B, Gbotolorun SC, Adedotun OA, Iteire K, Adejayi J. Vanillic acid and vitamin C attenuated di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate-induced testicular toxicity in adult male rats. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2022; 3:220-230. [PMID: 35980228 PMCID: PMC9578065 DOI: 10.1530/raf-22-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is an extensively used plasticizer which has raised some concerns about its safety on human health. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of vanillic acid (VA) and vitamin C (VC) supplementation on DEHP-induced testicular toxicity. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (A-G) (n = 5) receiving distilled water; 250 mg/kg bw of DEHP only; 30 mg/kg bw of VA and 250 mg/kg bw of DEHP; 30 mg/kg bw of VC and 250 mg/kg bw of DEHP; 30 mg/kg bw of DEHP plus 30 mg/kg bw of VA and 30 mg/kg bw of VC; 30 mg/kg bw of VA only; and 30 mg/kg bw of VC only, respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the heart via cardiac puncture and stored, semen was collected from the caudal epididymis for immediate sperm analysis, while the testes were excised and preserved for histological examination and biochemical analysis. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in body weights, sperm motility, sperm volume, sperm viability and count, antioxidant levels, and reproductive hormonal levels, with a significant increase (P < 0.05) in sperm morphological defect and lipid peroxidation level in DEHP-only group compared with the control but was ameliorated after VA and VC administration compared to the DEHP-only treated animals. VA and VC supplementation attenuated the toxic effects of DEHP on the testicular functions, morphology, and semen characterization of the experimental adult male Wistar rats. Lay summary Male infertility is considered when identifiable female causes of infertility are excluded and semen quantity and quality fail to fulfil World Health Organization criteria. From conception through to adulthood, people are exposed to limitless environmental toxicants among which di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) commonly found in personal care products, cosmetics, and medical devices is prevalent. The present study elaborated on the importance of taking antioxidant-rich foods containing vitamin C and vanillic acid, such as those found in various fruits, olives, whole wheat, and cereal grains, in combating infertility caused by environmental toxicants. An experiment was carried out on rats to see the effect of vanillic acid and vitamin C supplementation on preventing DEHP-induced testicular toxicity. The testicles and semen were analyzed from five rats in each treated and control groups. The data led us to conclude that vanillic acid and vitamin C supplementation do have attenuating effects on DEHP-induced testicular toxicity, due to their high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ogunlade
- Behavioral and Aging Lab, Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - O A Adedotun
- Behavioral and Aging Lab, Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - K Iteire
- Anatomy Department, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - J Adejayi
- Behavioral and Aging Lab, Human Anatomy Department, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography evaluation of the counterfeiting of vanilla flavoring. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Yeldir EK, Kaya İ. Synthesis, characterization and investigation of fluorescent Sn2+ probe potential of pyrene-derived monomer and its oligo(azomethine) compound. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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47
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Pandohee J, Thornton M, Keast R. A longitudinal study of aroma evolution in coffee‐flavoured milk using gas chromatography–olfactometry. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pandohee
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences CASS Food Research Centre Deakin University Burwood VIC 3125 Australia
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley WA 6151 Australia
| | - Megan Thornton
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences CASS Food Research Centre Deakin University Burwood VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Russell Keast
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences CASS Food Research Centre Deakin University Burwood VIC 3125 Australia
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Phong WN, Gibberd MR, Payne AD, Dykes GA, Coorey R. Methods used for extraction of plant volatiles have potential to preserve truffle aroma: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1677-1701. [PMID: 35179824 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Truffles are considered one of the world's most highly prized foods mainly due to their desirable organoleptic properties and rarity. However, truffles are seasonal (harvested mostly in winter from June to August in the Southern Hemisphere and from December to February in the Northern Hemisphere) and extremely perishable. Truffles deteriorate rapidly showing undesirable changes within 10 days from harvest in aroma and visual appearance after harvest. The very short postharvest shelf life (about 7-10 days) limits the potential for export and domestic consumption all year round. Several preservation methods have been studied to prolong their shelf life without the loss of aroma. However, all traditional preservation techniques have their own shortcomings and remain challenging. The extraction of natural truffle aroma volatiles for food applications could be a potential alternative to replace the existing synthetic flavoring used for processed truffle products. Four commonly used extraction methods for recovering volatile compounds from plants, namely, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, Soxhlet extraction, distillation, and cold pressing, are critically analyzed. Up to date, existing research about the extraction of aroma volatiles from truffles is limited in the literature but based on the volatility of the key truffle volatile compounds, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction may offer the best possibility so that a natural truffle-based product that can be used in food applications throughout the year can be made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Nee Phong
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mark R Gibberd
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan D Payne
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gary A Dykes
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ranil Coorey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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49
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Diao Y, Yang Y, Cui L, Shen Y, Wang H, Yao Y. Electrochemical degradation of vanillin using lead dioxide electrode: influencing factors and reaction pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:646-657. [PMID: 32677547 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1797902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel PbO2-CeO2 composite electrode was applied it to the electrocatalytic degradation of vanillin. The operating parameters such as applied current density, initial vanillin concentration, supporting electrolyte concentration and pH value were investigated and optimised. After 120 min, in a 0.10 mol L-1 Na2SO4 solution with a current density of 50 mA cm-2 and a pH value of 5.0 containing 30 mg L-1 vanillin, the vanillin removal efficiency can reach 98.03%, the COD removal efficiency is up to 73.28%. The results indicate that electrochemical degradation has a high ability to remove vanillin in aqueous solution. The reaction follows a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics model with rate constants of 0.03036 min-1. In the process of electrochemical degradation, up to eight hydroxylated or polyhydroxylated oxidation by-products were identified through hydroxylation, dealkylation and substitution reactions. Furthermore, the degradation pathways were proposed, which eventually mineralised into inorganic water and carbon dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Diao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwu Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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50
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Singh B, Kumar A, Singh H, Kaur S, Arora S, Singh B. Protective effect of vanillic acid against diabetes and diabetic nephropathy by attenuating oxidative stress and upregulation of NF-κB, TNF-α and COX-2 proteins in rats. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1338-1352. [PMID: 35088468 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is the most prevalent disorder in the world characterized by uncontrolled high blood glucose levels and nephropathy is one of the chief complications allied with hyperglycemia. Vanillic acid; the main bioactive compound derived from natural sources such as vegetables, fruits and plants possesses various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative. The current study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of vanillic acid by its various pharmacological activities. Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg)/nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes in rats. Oral administration of vanillic acid once daily for 6 weeks (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly reduced the hyperglycemia, increased liver enzymes and normalized lipid profile that was altered in diabetic rats. Moreover, vanillic acid attenuated the impaired renal function as evidenced by a reduction in serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and urinary microproteinuria levels with a concomitant increase in urinary creatinine clearance in the nephropathic rats. Diabetic rats showed a marked increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide anion generation (SAG) along with decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) in the renal tissue which was ameliorated in the vanillic acid-treated rats. Histopathologically, vanillic acid treatment was associated with reduced damage with normalized structural changes in renal tissue. Furthermore, treatment groups showed the suppression of upregulation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 and up-regulation of Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) in the renal tissue. In conclusion, vanillic acid's ameliorative impact on diabetic nephropathic rats may be attributed to its powerful free radical scavenging property, down-regulation of NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2 and up-regulation of Nrf-2 proteins in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahmjot Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sarabjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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