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Mousavi SA, Nazari MA, Perrier P, Shariat Panahi M, Meadows J, Christen MO, Mojallal A, Payan Y. Finite element analysis of biomechanical interactions of a subcutaneous suspension suture and human face soft-tissue: a cadaver study. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:79. [PMID: 37573331 PMCID: PMC10423418 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to study the local interactions between facial soft-tissues and a Silhouette Soft® suspension suture, a CE marked medical device designed for the repositioning of soft tissues in the face and the neck, Finite element simulations were run, in which a model of the suture was embedded in a three-layer Finite Element structure that accounts for the local mechanical organization of human facial soft tissues. A 2D axisymmetric model of the local interactions was designed in ANSYS, in which the geometry of the tissue, the boundary conditions and the applied loadings were considered to locally mimic those of human face soft tissue constrained by the suture in facial tissue repositioning. The Silhouette Soft suture is composed of a knotted thread and sliding cones that are anchored in the tissue. Hence, simulating these interactions requires special attention for an accurate modelling of contact mechanics. As tissue is modelled as a hyper-elastic material, the displacement of the facial soft tissue changes in a nonlinear way with the intensity of stress induced by the suture and the number of the cones. Our simulations show that for a 4-cone suture a displacement of 4.35 mm for a 2.0 N external loading and of 7.6 mm for 4.0 N. Increasing the number of cones led to the decrease in the equivalent local strain (around 20%) and stress (around 60%) applied to the tissue. The simulated displacements are in general agreement with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mousavi
- Biomechanics Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohammad Ali Nazari
- Biomechanics Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France.
| | - Pascal Perrier
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France
| | - Masoud Shariat Panahi
- Biomechanics Department, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Mojallal
- Department of Plastic and Adhesive Surgery, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Yohan Payan
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
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2
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Nguyen DP, Ho Ba Tho MC, Dao TT. Reinforcement learning coupled with finite element modeling for facial motion learning. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 221:106904. [PMID: 35636356 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Facial palsy patients or patients with facial transplantation have abnormal facial motion due to altered facial muscle functions and nerve damage. Computer-aided system and physics-based models have been developed to provide objective and quantitative information. However, the predictive capacity of these solutions is still limited to explore the facial motion patterns with emerging properties. The present study aims to couple the reinforcement learning and the finite element modeling for facial motion learning and prediction. METHODS A novel modeling workflow for learning facial motion was developed. A physically-based model of the face within the Artisynth modeling platform was used. Information exchange protocol was proposed to link reinforcement learning and rigid multi-bodies dynamics outcomes. Two reinforcement learning algorithms (deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and Twin-delayed DDPG (TD3)) were used and implemented to drive the simulations of symmetry-oriented and smile movements. Numerical outcomes were compared to experimental observations (Bosphorus database) for evaluation and validation purposes. RESULTS As result, after more than 100 episodes of exploring the environment, the agent starts to learn from previous trials and can find the optimal policy after more than 300 episodes of training. Regarding the symmetry-oriented motion, the muscle excitations predicted by the trained agent help to increase the value of reward from R = -2.06 to R = -0.23, which counts for ∼89% improvement of the symmetry value of the face. For smile-oriented motion, two points at the edge of the mouth move up 0.35 cm, which is within the range of movements estimated from the Bosphorus database (0.4 ± 0.32 cm). CONCLUSIONS The present study explored the muscle excitation patterns by coupling reinforcement learning with a detailed finite element model of the face. We developed, for the first time, a novel coupling scheme to integrate the finite element simulation into the reinforcement learning process for facial motion learning. As perspectives, this present workflow will be applied for facial palsy and facial transplantation patients to guide and optimize the functional rehabilitation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Phong Nguyen
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319-60 203, Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Marie-Christine Ho Ba Tho
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319-60 203, Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Tien-Tuan Dao
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9013 - LaMcube - Laboratoire de Mécanique, Multiphysique, Multiéchelle, F-59000, Lille, France.
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3
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Kim D, Kuang T, Rodrigues YL, Gateno J, Shen SGF, Wang X, Stein K, Deng HH, Liebschner MAK, Xia JJ. A novel incremental simulation of facial changes following orthognathic surgery using FEM with realistic lip sliding effect. Med Image Anal 2021; 72:102095. [PMID: 34090256 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2021.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate prediction of facial soft-tissue changes following orthognathic surgery is crucial for surgical outcome improvement. We developed a novel incremental simulation approach using finite element method (FEM) with a realistic lip sliding effect to improve the prediction accuracy in the lip region. First, a lip-detailed mesh is generated based on accurately digitized lip surface points. Second, an improved facial soft-tissue change simulation method is developed by applying a lip sliding effect along with the mucosa sliding effect. Finally, the orthognathic surgery initiated soft-tissue change is simulated incrementally to facilitate a natural transition of the facial change and improve the effectiveness of the sliding effects. Our method was quantitatively validated using 35 retrospective clinical data sets by comparing it to the traditional FEM simulation method and the FEM simulation method with mucosa sliding effect only. The surface deviation error of our method showed significant improvement in the upper and lower lips over the other two prior methods. In addition, the evaluation results using our lip-shape analysis, which reflects clinician's qualitative evaluation, also proved significant improvement of the lip prediction accuracy of our method for the lower lip and both upper and lower lips as a whole compared to the other two methods. In conclusion, the prediction accuracy in the clinically critical region, i.e., the lips, significantly improved after applying incremental simulation with realistic lip sliding effect compared with the FEM simulation methods without the lip sliding effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeseung Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tianshu Kuang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yriu L Rodrigues
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jaime Gateno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Surgery (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 407 E 61st St, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Steve G F Shen
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kirhyn Stein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah H Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael A K Liebschner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - James J Xia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Surgery (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 407 E 61st St, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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4
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Nazari MA, Perrier P, Meadows J, Christen MO, Mojallal A, Payan Y. Studying the effects of facial muscles activations to investigate the optimum positioning of subcutaneous suspension sutures. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1822050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Nazari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France
| | - P. Perrier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, TIMC-IMAG, Grenoble, France
| | - J. Meadows
- Sinclair Pharmaceutical Ltd, Chester, UK
| | | | - A. Mojallal
- Department of Plastic and Adhesive Surgery, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
| | - Y. Payan
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, GIPSA-LAB, Grenoble, France
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5
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Gick B, Mayer C, Chiu C, Widing E, Roewer-Després F, Fels S, Stavness I. Quantal biomechanical effects in speech postures of the lips. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:833-843. [PMID: 32727259 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00676.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique biomechanical and functional constraints on human speech make it a promising area for research investigating modular control of movement. The present article illustrates how a modular control approach to speech can provide insights relevant to understanding both motor control and observed variation across languages. We specifically explore the robust typological finding that languages produce different degrees of labial constriction using distinct muscle groupings and concomitantly distinct lip postures. Research has suggested that these lip postures exploit biomechanical regions of nonlinearity between neural activation and movement, also known as quantal regions, to allow movement goals to be realized despite variable activation signals. We present two sets of computer simulations showing that these labial postures can be generated under the assumption of modular control and that the corresponding modules are biomechanically robust: first to variation in the activation levels of participating muscles, and second to interference from surrounding muscles. These results provide support for the hypothesis that biomechanical robustness is an important factor in selecting the muscle groupings used for speech movements and provide insight into the neurological control of speech movements and how biomechanical and functional constraints govern the emergence of speech motor modules. We anticipate that future experimental work guided by biomechanical simulation results will provide new insights into the neural organization of speech movements.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article provides additional evidence that speech motor control is organized in a modular fashion and that biomechanics constrain the kinds of motor modules that may emerge. It also suggests that speech can be a fruitful domain for the study of modularity and that a better understanding of speech motor modules will be useful for speech research. Finally, it suggests that biomechanical modeling can serve as a useful complement to experimental work when studying modularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Gick
- Department of Linguistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Connor Mayer
- Department of Linguistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chenhao Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Erik Widing
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Sidney Fels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Blasi DE, Moran S, Moisik SR, Widmer P, Dediu D, Bickel B. Human sound systems are shaped by post-Neolithic changes in bite configuration. Science 2019; 363:363/6432/eaav3218. [PMID: 30872490 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Linguistic diversity, now and in the past, is widely regarded to be independent of biological changes that took place after the emergence of Homo sapiens We show converging evidence from paleoanthropology, speech biomechanics, ethnography, and historical linguistics that labiodental sounds (such as "f" and "v") were innovated after the Neolithic. Changes in diet attributable to food-processing technologies modified the human bite from an edge-to-edge configuration to one that preserves adolescent overbite and overjet into adulthood. This change favored the emergence and maintenance of labiodentals. Our findings suggest that language is shaped not only by the contingencies of its history, but also by culturally induced changes in human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Blasi
- Department of Comparative Linguistics, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. .,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Human Relations Area Files, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Laboratory of Quantitative Linguistics, Kazan Federal University, 420000 Kazan, Russia
| | - S Moran
- Department of Comparative Linguistics, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S R Moisik
- Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies, Nanyang Technological University, 637332 Singapore
| | - P Widmer
- Department of Comparative Linguistics, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Dediu
- Laboratoire Dynamique Du Langage UMR 5596, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 69363 Lyon Cedex 07, France.,Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - B Bickel
- Department of Comparative Linguistics, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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7
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Anderson P, Fels S, Stavness I, Pearson WG, Gick B. Intravelar and Extravelar Portions of Soft Palate Muscles in Velic Constrictions: A Three-Dimensional Modeling Study. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:802-814. [PMID: 30964714 PMCID: PMC6802881 DOI: 10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-17-0247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study predicts and simulates the function and relative contributions of the intravelar and extravelar portions of the levator veli palatini (LVP) and palatoglossus (PG) muscles in velic constrictions. Method A finite element-based model of the 3-dimensional upper airway structures (palate, pharynx, tongue, jaw, maxilla) was implemented, with LVP and PG divided into intravelar and extravelar portions. Simulations were run to investigate the contributions of these muscles in velopharyngeal port (VPP) closure and constriction of the oropharyngeal isthmus (OPI). Results Simulations reveal that the extravelar portion of LVP, though crucial for lifting the palate, is not sufficient to effect VPP closure. Specifically, the characteristic "bulge" appearing in the posterior soft palate during VPP closure ( Pigott, 1969 ; Serrurier & Badin, 2008 ) is found to result from activation of the intravelar portion of LVP. Likewise, the intravelar portion of posterior PG is crucial in bending the "veil" or "traverse" ( Gick, Francis, Klenin, Mizrahi, & Tom, 2013 ) of the velum anteriorly to produce uvular constrictions of the OPI ( Gick et al., 2014 ). Conclusions Simulations support the view that intravelar LVP and PG play significant roles in VPP and OPI constrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Anderson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sidney Fels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - William G. Pearson
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta
| | - Bryan Gick
- Department of Linguistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
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8
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A Systematic Review of Continuum Modeling of Skeletal Muscles: Current Trends, Limitations, and Recommendations. Appl Bionics Biomech 2018; 2018:7631818. [PMID: 30627216 PMCID: PMC6305050 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7631818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Finite elasticity theory has been commonly used to model skeletal muscle. A very large range of heterogeneous constitutive laws has been proposed. In this review, the most widely used continuum models of skeletal muscles were synthetized and discussed. Trends and limitations of these laws were highlighted to propose new recommendations for future researches. A systematic review process was performed using two reliable search engines as PubMed and ScienceDirect. 40 representative studies (13 passive muscle materials and 27 active muscle materials) were included into this review. Note that exclusion criteria include tendon models, analytical models, 1D geometrical models, supplement papers, and indexed conference papers. Trends of current skeletal muscle modeling relate to 3D accurate muscle representation, parameter identification in passive muscle modeling, and the integration of coupled biophysical phenomena. Parameter identification for active materials, assumed fiber distribution, data assumption, and model validation are current drawbacks. New recommendations deal with the incorporation of multimodal data derived from medical imaging, the integration of more biophysical phenomena, and model reproducibility. Accounting for data uncertainty in skeletal muscle modeling will be also a challenging issue. This review provides, for the first time, a holistic view of current continuum models of skeletal muscles to identify potential gaps of current models according to the physiology of skeletal muscle. This opens new avenues for improving skeletal muscle modeling in the framework of in silico medicine.
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9
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A novel neural electrode with micro-motion-attenuation capability based on compliant mechanisms—physical design concepts and evaluations. Med Biol Eng Comput 2018; 56:1911-1923. [DOI: 10.1007/s11517-018-1826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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DAO TIENTUAN, FAN ANGXIAO, DAKPÉ STÉPHANIE, POULETAUT PHILIPPE, RACHIK MOHAMED, HO BA THO MARIECHRISTINE. IMAGE-BASED SKELETAL MUSCLE COORDINATION: CASE STUDY ON A SUBJECT SPECIFIC FACIAL MIMIC SIMULATION. J MECH MED BIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519418500203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Facial muscle coordination is a fundamental mechanism for facial mimics and expressions. The understanding of this complex mechanism leads to better diagnosis and treatment of facial disorders like facial palsy or disfigurement. The objective of this work was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to characterize the activation behavior of facial muscles and then simulate their coordination mechanism using a subject specific finite element model. MRI data of lower head of a healthy subject were acquired in neutral and in the pronunciation of the sound [o] positions. Then, a finite element model was derived directly from acquired MRI images in neutral position. Transversely-isotropic, hyperelastic, quasi-incompressible behavior law was implemented for modeling facial muscles. The simulation to produce the pronunciation of the sound [o] was performed by the cumulative coordination between three pairs of facial mimic muscles (Zygomaticus Major (ZM), Levator Labii Superioris (LLS), Levator Anguli Oris (LAO)). Mean displacement amplitude showed a good agreement with a relative deviation of 15% between numerical outcome and MRI-based measurement when all three muscles are involved. This study elucidates, for the first time, the facial muscle coordination using in vivo data leading to improve the model understanding and simulation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- TIEN TUAN DAO
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - ANG-XIAO FAN
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - STÉPHANIE DAKPÉ
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - PHILIPPE POULETAUT
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - MOHAMED RACHIK
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7337 Roberval, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203, Compiègne cedex, France
| | - MARIE CHRISTINE HO BA THO
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
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11
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Eskes M, Balm AJM, van Alphen MJA, Smeele LE, Stavness I, van der Heijden F. sEMG-assisted inverse modelling of 3D lip movement: a feasibility study towards person-specific modelling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17729. [PMID: 29255198 PMCID: PMC5735193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a surface-electromyographic (sEMG) assisted inverse-modelling (IM) approach for a biomechanical model of the face to obtain realistic person-specific muscle activations (MA) by tracking movements as well as innervation trajectories. We obtained sEMG data of facial muscles and 3D positions of lip markers in six volunteers and, using a generic finite element (FE) face model in ArtiSynth, performed inverse static optimisation with and without sEMG tracking on both simulation data and experimental data. IM with simulated data and experimental data without sEMG data showed good correlations of tracked positions (0.93 and 0.67) and poor correlations of MA (0.27 and 0.20). When utilising the sEMG-assisted IM approach, MA correlations increased drastically (0.83 and 0.59) without sacrificing performance in position correlations (0.92 and 0.70). RMS errors show similar trends with an error of 0.15 in MA and of 1.10 mm in position. Therefore, we conclude that we were able to demonstrate the feasibility of an sEMG-assisted inverse modelling algorithm for the perioral region. This approach may help to solve the ambiguity problem in inverse modelling and may be useful, for instance, in future applications for preoperatively predicting treatment-related function loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merijn Eskes
- Dept of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfons J M Balm
- Dept of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J A van Alphen
- Dept of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ludi E Smeele
- Dept of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dept of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,ACTA Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Stavness
- Dept of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 176 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ferdinand van der Heijden
- Dept of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
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12
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Eskes M, Balm AJM, van Alphen MJA, Smeele LE, Stavness I, van der Heijden F. Simulation of facial expressions using person-specific sEMG signals controlling a biomechanical face model. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2017; 13:47-59. [PMID: 28861702 PMCID: PMC5754395 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-017-1659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional inoperability in advanced oral cancer is difficult to assess preoperatively. To assess functions of lips and tongue, biomechanical models are required. Apart from adjusting generic models to individual anatomy, muscle activation patterns (MAPs) driving patient-specific functional movements are necessary to predict remaining functional outcome. We aim to evaluate how volunteer-specific MAPs derived from surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals control a biomechanical face model. METHODS Muscle activity of seven facial muscles in six volunteers was measured bilaterally with sEMG. A triple camera set-up recorded 3D lip movement. The generic face model in ArtiSynth was adapted to our needs. We controlled the model using the volunteer-specific MAPs. Three activation strategies were tested: activating all muscles [Formula: see text], selecting the three muscles showing highest muscle activity bilaterally [Formula: see text]-this was calculated by taking the mean of left and right muscles and then selecting the three with highest variance-and activating the muscles considered most relevant per instruction [Formula: see text], bilaterally. The model's lip movement was compared to the actual lip movement performed by the volunteers, using 3D correlation coefficients [Formula: see text]. RESULTS The correlation coefficient between simulations and measurements with [Formula: see text] resulted in a median [Formula: see text] of 0.77. [Formula: see text] had a median [Formula: see text] of 0.78, whereas with [Formula: see text] the median [Formula: see text] decreased to 0.45. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that MAPs derived from noninvasive sEMG measurements can control movement of the lips in a generic finite element face model with a median [Formula: see text] of 0.78. Ultimately, this is important to show the patient-specific residual movement using the patient's own MAPs. When the required treatment tools and personalisation techniques for geometry and anatomy become available, this may enable surgeons to test the functional results of wedge excisions for lip cancer in a virtual environment and to weigh surgery versus organ-sparing radiotherapy or photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merijn Eskes
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands.
- , P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfons J M Balm
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J A van Alphen
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ludi E Smeele
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 176 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ferdinand van der Heijden
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Then C, Stassen B, Depta K, Silber G. New methodology for mechanical characterization of human superficial facial tissue anisotropic behaviour in vivo. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 71:68-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fan AX, Dakpé S, Dao TT, Pouletaut P, Rachik M, Ho Ba Tho MC. MRI-based finite element modeling of facial mimics: a case study on the paired zygomaticus major muscles. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2017; 20:919-928. [PMID: 28438031 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2017.1305363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Finite element simulation of facial mimics provides objective indicators about soft tissue functions for improving diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of facial disorders. There is a lack of in vivo experimental data for model development and validation. In this study, the contribution of the paired Zygomaticus Major (ZM) muscle contraction on the facial mimics was investigated using in vivo experimental data derived from MRI. Maximal relative differences of 7.7% and 37% were noted between MRI-based measurements and numerical outcomes for ZM and skin deformation behaviors respectively. This study opens a new direction to simulate facial mimics with in vivo data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang-Xiao Fan
- a Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
| | - Stéphanie Dakpé
- a Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
| | - Tien Tuan Dao
- a Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
| | - Philippe Pouletaut
- a Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
| | - Mohamed Rachik
- b Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7337 Roberval, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
| | - Marie Christine Ho Ba Tho
- a Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu , Compiègne cedex , France
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Moisik SR, Gick B. The Quantal Larynx: The Stable Regions of Laryngeal Biomechanics and Implications for Speech Production. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2017; 60:540-560. [PMID: 28241199 DOI: 10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-16-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent proposals suggest that (a) the high dimensionality of speech motor control may be reduced via modular neuromuscular organization that takes advantage of intrinsic biomechanical regions of stability and (b) computational modeling provides a means to study whether and how such modularization works. In this study, the focus is on the larynx, a structure that is fundamental to speech production because of its role in phonation and numerous articulatory functions. METHOD A 3-dimensional model of the larynx was created using the ArtiSynth platform (http://www.artisynth.org). This model was used to simulate laryngeal articulatory states, including inspiration, glottal fricative, modal prephonation, plain glottal stop, vocal-ventricular stop, and aryepiglotto-epiglottal stop and fricative. RESULTS Speech-relevant laryngeal biomechanics is rich with "quantal" or highly stable regions within muscle activation space. CONCLUSIONS Quantal laryngeal biomechanics complement a modular view of speech control and have implications for the articulatory-biomechanical grounding of numerous phonetic and phonological phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Reid Moisik
- Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeThe Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bryan Gick
- Department of Linguistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CanadaHaskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
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Dao TT, Pouletaut P, Charleux F, Tho MCHB, Bensamoun S. Analysis of shear wave propagation derived from MR elastography in 3D thigh skeletal muscle using subject specific finite element model. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2014:4026-9. [PMID: 25570875 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a subject specific finite element model derived from MRI images to numerically analyze the MRE (magnetic resonance elastography) shear wave propagation within skeletal thigh muscles. A sagittal T2 CUBE MRI sequence was performed on the 20-cm thigh segment of a healthy male subject. Skin, adipose tissue, femoral bone and 11 muscles were manually segmented in order to have 3D smoothed solid and meshed models. These tissues were modeled with different constitutive laws. A transient modal dynamics analysis was applied to simulate the shear wave propagation within the thigh tissues. The effects of MRE experimental parameters (frequency, force) and the muscle material properties (shear modulus: C10) were analyzed through the simulated shear wave displacement within the vastus medialis muscle. The results showed a plausible range of frequencies (from 90Hz to 120 Hz), which could be used for MRE muscle protocol. The wave amplitude increased with the level of the force, revealing the importance of the boundary condition. Moreover, different shear displacement patterns were obtained as a function of the muscle mechanical properties. The present study is the first to analyze the shear wave propagation in skeletal muscles using a 3D subject specific finite element model. This study could be of great value to assist the experimenters in the set-up of MRE protocols.
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Harandi NM, Stavness I, Woo J, Stone M, Abugharbieh R, Fels S. Subject-Specific Biomechanical Modelling of the Oropharynx: Towards Speech Production. COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING. IMAGING & VISUALIZATION 2015; 5:416-426. [PMID: 29177122 PMCID: PMC5699225 DOI: 10.1080/21681163.2015.1033756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical models of the oropharynx are beneficial to treatment planning of speech impediments by providing valuable insight into the speech function such as motor control. In this paper, we develop a subject-specific model of the oropharynx and investigate its utility in speech production. Our approach adapts a generic tongue-jaw-hyoid model (Stavness et al. 2011) to fit and track dynamic volumetric MRI data of a normal speaker, subsequently coupled to a source-filter based acoustic synthesizer. We demonstrate our model's ability to track tongue tissue motion, simulate plausible muscle activation patterns, as well as generate acoustic results that have comparable spectral features to the associated recorded audio. Finally, we propose a method to adjust the spatial resolution of our subject-specific tongue model to match the fidelity level of our MRI data and speech synthesizer. Our findings suggest that a higher resolution tongue model - using similar muscle fibre definition - does not show a significant improvement in acoustic performance, for our speech utterance and at this level of fidelity; however we believe that our approach enables further refinements of the muscle fibres suitable for studying longer speech sequences and finer muscle innervation using higher resolution dynamic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Mohaghegh Harandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jonghye Woo
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School/MGH, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maureen Stone
- Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rafeef Abugharbieh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sidney Fels
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Wu T, Hung A, Mithraratne K. Generating Facial Expressions Using an Anatomically Accurate Biomechanical Model. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2014; 20:1519-1529. [PMID: 26355331 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2014.2339835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a computational framework for modelling the biomechanics of human facial expressions. A detailed high-order (Cubic-Hermite) finite element model of the human head was constructed using anatomical data segmented from magnetic resonance images. The model includes a superficial soft-tissue continuum consisting of skin, the subcutaneous layer and the superficial Musculo-Aponeurotic system. Embedded within this continuum mesh, are 20 pairs of facial muscles which drive facial expressions. These muscles were treated as transversely-isotropic and their anatomical geometries and fibre orientations were accurately depicted. In order to capture the relative composition of muscles and fat, material heterogeneity was also introduced into the model. Complex contact interactions between the lips, eyelids, and between superficial soft tissue continuum and deep rigid skeletal bones were also computed. In addition, this paper investigates the impact of incorporating material heterogeneity and contact interactions, which are often neglected in similar studies. Four facial expressions were simulated using the developed model and the results were compared with surface data obtained from a 3D structured-light scanner. Predicted expressions showed good agreement with the experimental data.
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Nazari MA, Perrier P, Payan Y. The distributed lambda (λ) model (DLM): a 3-D, finite-element muscle model based on Feldman's λ model; assessment of orofacial gestures. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2013; 56:S1909-S1923. [PMID: 24687446 DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0222)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors aimed to design a distributed lambda model (DLM), which is well adapted to implement three-dimensional (3-D), finite-element descriptions of muscles. METHOD A muscle element model was designed. Its stress-strain relationships included the active force-length characteristics of the λ model along the muscle fibers, together with the passive properties of muscle tissues in the 3-D space. The muscle element was first assessed using simple geometrical representations of muscles in the form of rectangular bars. It was then included in a 3-D face model, and its impact on lip protrusion was compared with the impact of a Hill-type muscle model. RESULTS The force-length characteristic associated with the muscle elements matched well with the invariant characteristics of the λ model. The impact of the passive properties was assessed. Isometric force variation and isotonic displacements were modeled. The comparison with a Hill-type model revealed strong similarities in terms of global stress and strain. CONCLUSION The DLM accounted for the characteristics of the λ model. Biomechanically, no clear differences were found between the DLM and a Hill-type model. Accurate evaluations of the λ model, based on the comparison between data and simulations, are now possible with 3-D biomechanical descriptions of the speech articulators because of the DLM.
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Simulating the three-dimensional deformation of in vivo facial skin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 28:484-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Flynn C, Stavness I, Lloyd J, Fels S. A finite element model of the face including an orthotropic skin model under in vivo tension. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2013; 18:571-82. [PMID: 23919890 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2013.820720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Computer models of the human face have the potential to be used as powerful tools in surgery simulation and animation development applications. While existing models accurately represent various anatomical features of the face, the representation of the skin and soft tissues is very simplified. A computer model of the face is proposed in which the skin is represented by an orthotropic hyperelastic constitutive model. The in vivo tension inherent in skin is also represented in the model. The model was tested by simulating several facial expressions by activating appropriate orofacial and jaw muscles. Previous experiments calculated the change in orientation of the long axis of elliptical wounds on patients' faces for wide opening of the mouth and an open-mouth smile (both 30(o)). These results were compared with the average change of maximum principal stress direction in the skin calculated in the face model for wide opening of the mouth (18(o)) and an open-mouth smile (25(o)). The displacements of landmarks on the face for four facial expressions were compared with experimental measurements in the literature. The corner of the mouth in the model experienced the largest displacement for each facial expression (∼11-14 mm). The simulated landmark displacements were within a standard deviation of the measured displacements. Increasing the skin stiffness and skin tension generally resulted in a reduction in landmark displacements upon facial expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cormac Flynn
- a Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of British Columbia , 2332 Main Mall, Vancouver , BC , Canada V6T 1Z4
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Wu T, Hung APL, Hunter P, Mithraratne K. On modelling large deformations of heterogeneous biological tissues using a mixed finite element formulation. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2013; 18:477-84. [PMID: 23895255 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2013.818662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the issue of modelling material heterogeneity of incompressible bodies. It is seen that when using a mixed (displacement-pressure) finite element formulation, the basis functions used for pressure field may not be able to capture the nonlinearity of material parameters, resulting in pseudo-residual stresses. This problem can be resolved by modifying the constitutive relation using Flory's decomposition of the deformation gradient. A two-parameter Mooney-Rivlin constitutive relation is used to demonstrate the methodology. It is shown that for incompressible materials, the modification does not alter the mechanical behaviour described by the original constitutive model. In fact, the modified constitutive equation shows a better predictability when compared against analytical solutions. Two strategies of describing the material variation (i.e. linear and step change) are explained, and their solutions are evaluated for an ideal two-material interfacing problem. When compared with the standard tied coupling approach, the step change method exhibited a much better agreement because of its ability to capture abrupt changes of the material properties. The modified equation in conjunction with integration point-based material heterogeneity is then used to simulate the deformations of heterogeneous biological structures to illustrate its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wu
- a Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland , Level 6, 70 Symonds Street, Auckland , New Zealand
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Stavness I, Nazari MA, Perrier P, Demolin D, Payan Y. A biomechanical modeling study of the effects of the orbicularis oris muscle and jaw posture on lip shape. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2013; 56:878-890. [PMID: 23811472 DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/12-0200)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The authors' general aim is to use biomechanical models of speech articulators to explore how possible variations in anatomical structure contribute to differences in articulatory strategies and phone systems across human populations. Specifically, they investigated 2 issues: (a) the link between lip muscle anatomy and variability in lip gestures and (b) the constraints of coupled lip/jaw biomechanics on jaw posture in labial sounds. METHOD The authors used a model coupling the jaw, tongue, and face. First, the influence of the orbicularis oris (OO) anatomical implementation was analyzed by assessing how changes in depth (from epidermis to the skull) and peripheralness (proximity to the lip horn center) affected lip shaping. Second, the capability of the lip/jaw system to generate protrusion and rounding, or labial closure, was evaluated for different jaw heights. RESULTS Results showed that a peripheral and moderately deep OO implementation is most appropriate for protrusion and rounding; a superficial implementation facilitates closure; protrusion and rounding require a high jaw position; and closure is achievable for various jaw heights. CONCLUSIONS Models provide objective information regarding possible links between anatomical and speech production variability across humans. Comparisons with experimental data will illustrate how motor control and cultural factors cope with these constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Stavness
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Dao TT, Dakpé S, Pouletaut P, Devauchelle B, Ho Ba Tho MC. Facial mimics simulation using MRI and finite element analysis. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:4585-4588. [PMID: 24110755 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent research studies aimed to simulate facial expressions or motions due to muscle contraction using biomechanical models ranging from basic to advanced muscle constitutive models. However, these models are based on generic geometries and there is a lack of experimental data for the numerical simulation as well as for the model validation in a clinical context. The objective of our present study was to perform facial mimics simulation using subject specific data derived from MRI technique. Zygomaticus major muscle is modelled as a transversely isotropic hyperelastic material. Then the resulting effect of its shortening and lengthening process on the facial mimics simulation was performed using Finite Element Analysis. Simulation results were presented and discussed. Such study will be of interest for defining objective criteria to evaluate the facial disfigurement patients and to perform the functional rehabilitation.
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Mazza E, Barbarino GG. 3D Mechanical Modeling of Facial Soft Tissue for Surgery Simulation. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011; 19:623-37, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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