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Zhang J, Li X, Kong B, Cao C, Sun F, Zhang H, Liu Q. Application of lysine as a potential alternative to sodium salt in frankfurters: With emphasis on quality profile promotion and saltiness compensation. Meat Sci 2024; 217:109609. [PMID: 39067253 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of lysine (Lys) on quality profile promotion and saltiness compensation in reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters. The results showed that the cooking loss of reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters decreased from 5.63 to 3.45% when the Lys level increased from 0.1 to 0.7%, as well as enhanced water contents and saltiness in a Lys dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the corresponding peak area percentage (A21) of reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters remarkably increased from 79.63% to 81.48% with the increased level of Lys. However, a higher level of Lys (≥ 0.5%) obviously reduced the textural properties of reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters, which was clearly verified by looser and rougher microstructures. Furthermore, hydrogen bonds were found to be the dominant molecular force in Lys-added reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters. Meanwhile, 0.3% Lys was found to exhibit the optimal sodium salt-replacing effect due to the highest degree of quality profile promotion and saltiness compensation. Additionally, directional triangle sensory evaluation further confirmed that the reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters treated with 0.3% Lys was perceived to be similar to control frankfurters, resulting a 50% salt-reduction effect. Thus, our results suggested that Lys could be applied as an efficient sodium salt alternative in reduced‑sodium salt frankfurters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xin Li
- Sharable Platform of Large-Scale Instruments & Equipments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Chuanai Cao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Fangda Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Green Food Science & Research Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150028, China.
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2
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Jiang SS, Li Q, Wang T, Huang YT, Guo YL, Meng XR. Utilizing ultrasound combined with quinoa protein to improve the texture and rheological properties of Chinese style reduced-salt pork meatballs (lion's head). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 109:106997. [PMID: 39032370 PMCID: PMC11325070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound treatment times (30 min and 60 min) and levels of quinoa protein (QPE) addition (1 % and 2 %) on the quality of Chinese style reduced-salt pork meatballs, commonly known as lion's head. The water-holding capacity (WHC), gel and rheology characteristics, and protein conformation were assessed. The results indicated that extending the ultrasound treatment time and elevating the quinoa protein content caused conspicuous improvements (P<0.05) in the cooking yield, WHC, textural characteristics, color difference, and salt-soluble protein (SSP) solubility of the meatballs. Furthermore, the structural alterations induced by the ultrasound treatment combined with quinoa protein addition included enhancement in β-sheet, β-turn, and random coil structure contents, along with a red-shift in the intrinsic fluorescence peak. Additionally, the storage (G') and loss modulus (G'') of the raw meatballs significantly enhanced (P<0.05), indicating a denser gel structure in parallel with the microstructure. In conclusion, the findings demonstrated that ultrasound combined with quinoa protein enhanced the WHC and texture properties of Chinese style reduced-salt pork meatballs by improving SSP solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Song Jiang
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Cuisine Intangible Cultural Heritage Technology Inheritance, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China.
| | - Qian Li
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Yu-Tong Huang
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Yun-Long Guo
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Xiang-Ren Meng
- College of Tourism and Culinary Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Cuisine Intangible Cultural Heritage Technology Inheritance, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China.
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3
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Xiang J, Wang X, Guo C, Zang L, He H, Yin X, Wei J, Cao J. Quality and Flavor Difference in Dry-Cured Meat Treated with Low-Sodium Salts: An Emphasis on Magnesium. Molecules 2024; 29:2194. [PMID: 38792055 PMCID: PMC11124267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop low-sodium curing agents for dry-cured meat products. Four low-sodium formulations (SPMA, SPM, SP, and SM) were used for dry-curing meat. The physicochemical properties and flavor of the dry-cured meat were investigated. The presence of Mg2+ ions hindered the penetration of Na+ into the meat. The weight loss, moisture content, and pH of all low-sodium salt groups were lower than those of S. Mg2+ addition increased the water activity (Aw) of SPMA, SPM, and SM. Dry-curing meat with low-sodium salts promoted the production of volatile flavor compounds, with Mg2+ playing a more prominent role. Furthermore, low-sodium salts also promoted protein degradation and increased the content of free amino acids in dry-cured meat, especially in SM. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the low-sodium salts containing Mg2+ were conducive to improving the quality of dry-cured meat products. Therefore, low-sodium salts enriched with Mg2+ become a desirable low-sodium curing agent for achieving salt reduction in dry-cured meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Chaofan Guo
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Liping Zang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Houde He
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaoyu Yin
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Jianping Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710000, China;
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.X.); (C.G.); (L.Z.); (H.H.); (X.Y.)
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Guo J, Gao X, Chi Y, Chi Y. Potassium Chloride as an Effective Alternative to Sodium Chloride in Delaying the Thermal Aggregation of Liquid Whole Egg. Foods 2024; 13:1107. [PMID: 38611411 PMCID: PMC11011459 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential of potassium chloride (KCl) to be used as a substitute for sodium chloride (NaCl) was studied by monitoring the effects of salt treatment on thermal behavior, aggregation kinetics, rheological properties, and protein conformational changes. The results show that the addition of KCl can improve solubility, reduce turbidity and particle size, and positively influence rheological parameters such as apparent viscosity, consistency coefficient (K value), and fluidity index (n). These changes indicate delayed thermal denaturation. In addition, KCl decreased the content of β-sheet and random coil structures and increased the content of α-helix and β-turn structures. The optimal results were obtained with 2% KCl addition, leading to an increase in Tp up to 85.09 °C. The correlation results showed that Tp was positively correlated with solubility, α-helix and β-turn but negatively correlated with ΔH, turbidity, β-sheet and random coil. Overall, compared to NaCl, 2% KCl is more effective in delaying the thermal aggregation of LWE, and these findings lay a solid theoretical foundation for the study of sodium substitutes in heat-resistant liquid egg products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Guo
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.G.); (X.G.)
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.G.); (X.G.)
| | - Yujie Chi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (J.G.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuan Chi
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Mavani NR, Mohd Ali J, Hussain M, Abd. Rahman N, Hashim H. Determining food safety in canned food using fuzzy logic based on sulphur dioxide, benzoic acid and sorbic acid concentration. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26273. [PMID: 38384537 PMCID: PMC10879013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Canned food market demand has arisen due to the higher need for instant and ready-to-eat food. Food preservatives are often added to canned and processed foods to prolong their shelf life and help to sustain the quality, taste, color, and food texture. However, excessive usage of such food preservatives can lead to various diseases and health issues including palpitations, allergies, and cancer. Therefore, food preservative detection in food samples is essential for safe consumption and health well-being. This paper proposed a fuzzy logic framework to determine the safety of food products based on the concentration of sulphur dioxide (SD), benzoic acid (BA), and sorbic acid (SA) in five different food categories as referred to the Food Acts 1983 and Food Regulations 1985 in Malaysia. The fuzzy logic framework comprises of Mamdani inference system design with 90 fuzzy rules, 15 and 5 membership functions for both the input and output parameters respectively. 50 random values and 10 lab analysis results based on the industrial samples were used to validate the developed algorithms in ensuring the safety of the food products. The membership functions generated for the three inputs (SD, BA, and SA) during the fuzzification steps are based on the maximum allowable limit from the food acts. The defuzzification of fuzzy logic gave an average output value of 0.1565, 0.1350, 0.1150, 0.1100, and 0.1550 for chicken curry with potatoes, satay sauce, sardine in tomato sauce, anchovies paste, and sardine spread accordingly. Results obtained from the fuzzy logic framework concluded that all the industrial samples are safe to be eaten and comply with the Sixth Schedule, Regulation 20 in both Acts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rajesh Mavani
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jarinah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M.A. Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Abd. Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Haslaniza Hashim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Jia S, Shen H, Wang D, Liu S, Ding Y, Zhou X. Novel NaCl reduction technologies for dry-cured meat products and their mechanisms: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 431:137142. [PMID: 37591146 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Sodium chloride (NaCl) confers a unique flavor and quality in meat products, however, due to growing concerns about the adverse effects of excessive NaCl consumption, how to reduce NaCl content while ensuring quality and safety has become a research hotspot in this field. This review mainly discusses the role of NaCl in dry-cured meat, as well as novel salt-reducing substances that can substitute for the effects of NaCl to achieve sodium reduction objectives. New technologies, such as vacuum curing, ultrahigh pressure curing, ultrasonic curing, pulsed electric field curing, and gamma irradiation, to facilitate the development of low-sodium products are also introduced. The majority of current salt reduction technologies function to enhance salt diffusion and decrease curing time, resulting in a decrease in NaCl content. Notably, future studies should focus on implementing multiple strategies to compensate for the deficiencies in flavor and safety caused by NaCl reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hanrui Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shulai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China; National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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7
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Li L, Zhang G, Zheng Y, Bi X, Jia N, Liu D. Effects of ultrasound-assisted curing on the quality and microstructure of low-sodium beef jerky. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106679. [PMID: 37939527 PMCID: PMC10654025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultrasonic brine on the physicochemical properties, sensory quality and microstructure of low-sodium beef jerkies were investigated. Compared with control jerky brined in 1.5% NaCl solution, both of the direct reduction and partial replacement of 50% NaCl by KCl decreased the sodium content. Ultrasonic treatment resulted in sharp reduction in shear force. KCl substitution together with ultrasonic treatment caused the highest yield, a* value and water content, and the water activity of all groups were below 0.85. Only the direct reduction of NaCl had negative effects on the sensory quality. KCl substitution combined with ultrasonic treatment was the most suitable for producing low-sodium beef jerkies with high quality, possibly because the mixed salt had equal total salt content to control. Meanwhile, the cavitation and mechanical effects of ultrasound may unfold protein structure, increase myofibrillar fragmentation index and break the muscle fiber, thus improving the quality of beef jerky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Guangyao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Xinxin Bi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Na Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China.
| | - Dengyong Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China.
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Cittadini A, Domínguez R, Sarriés MV, Pateiro M, Lorenzo JM. Study of Pansalt® or Laminaria Ochroleuca seaweed powder as potential NaCl replacers in dry-cured foal "cecina". Meat Sci 2023; 204:109253. [PMID: 37343479 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the total or partial replacement of NaCl by a commercial low-salt mixture Pansalt® (T1) or Kombu (L. ochroleuca) seaweed powder (T2), respectively, on the quality properties of dry-cured foal "cecina". Salt reformulation unaffected fat percentages, decreased (P < 0.001) moisture and ash contents, while protein amounts increased (P < 0.001) in the T2 batch. Considering the physicochemical variables, any significant differences were observed among batches, except for a*, water activity, and springiness values. T1 and T2 samples presented a significant (P < 0.001) sodium decrease of 39% and 48%, respectively, as well as, potassium and magnesium increase (P < 0.001). In addition, the seaweed improved (P < 0.001) calcium, iron, phosphorus, and zinc contents. All batches showed similar lipid profiles and the nutritional indices were in line with the health recommendations. NaCl replacement increased the proteolysis, causing the increment (P < 0.001) of the free amino acids total contents, especially in T2 samples. Changes were also detected in the aromatic profile of our samples, where lipid-derived compounds predominated in the CON batches, while substances originating from carbohydrate fermentation and amino acid breakdown were prevalent in reformulated samples, particularly in T2. In addition, the salting treatments did not affect the sensory profile, except for saltiness (T2). Hence, data indicated that the employ of these potential NaCl alternatives, in particular T2 formulation, represents a favorable approach to achieving equine "cecinas" with an enhanced mineral and healthier profile, without altering most of the sensorial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Cittadini
- Instituto de Innovación y Sostenibilidad en la Cadena Agroalimentaria (IS-FOOD), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain
| | - María V Sarriés
- Instituto de Innovación y Sostenibilidad en la Cadena Agroalimentaria (IS-FOOD), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Campus de Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain
| | - José Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avd. Galicia No. 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain.
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Liu L, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Wan J, Zhu Q, Bi S, Zhou M, Wang Y, Li X, Liu Y, Lan L. Structural and functional changes on polyhydroxy alcohol-mediated curing pork myofibrillar protein: Experimental and molecular simulation investigations. Food Res Int 2023; 170:113012. [PMID: 37316079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the structural and functional changes in polyhydroxy alcohol-mediated curing on pork myofibrillar proteins (MP). The results obtained from total sulfhydryl groups, surface hydrophobicity, fluorescence and Raman spectroscopies, and solubility demonstrated that the polyhydroxy alcohols (especially xylitol) significantly modified the MP tertiary structure, making this structure more hydrophobic and tighter. However, no significant differences were detected in the secondary structure. Furthermore, the thermodynamic analysis revealed that polyhydroxy alcohols could develop an amphiphilic interfacial layer on the MP surface, significantly increasing the denaturation temperature and enthalpy of denaturation (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the molecular docking and dynamics simulations showed that polyhydroxy alcohols interact with actin mainly through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Therefore, this could help reduce the effect of high-content salt ions on MP denaturation and improve the cured meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linggao Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Wan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory Mountain Plateau Animals Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiujin Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory Mountain Plateau Animals Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Shenghui Bi
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mixin Zhou
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yehua Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lisha Lan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Store and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
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10
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Dima C, Assadpour E, Nechifor A, Dima S, Li Y, Jafari SM. Oral bioavailability of bioactive compounds; modulating factors, in vitro analysis methods, and enhancing strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-39. [PMID: 37096550 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2199861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Foods are complex biosystems made up of a wide variety of compounds. Some of them, such as nutrients and bioactive compounds (bioactives), contribute to supporting body functions and bring important health benefits; others, such as food additives, are involved in processing techniques and contribute to improving sensory attributes and ensuring food safety. Also, there are antinutrients in foods that affect food bioefficiency and contaminants that increase the risk of toxicity. The bioefficiency of food is evaluated with bioavailability which represents the amount of nutrients or bioactives from the consumed food reaching the organs and tissues where they exert their biological activity. Oral bioavailability is the result of some physicochemical and biological processes in which food is involved such as liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (LADME). In this paper, a general presentation of the factors influencing oral bioavailability of nutrients and bioactives as well as the in vitro techniques for evaluating bioaccessibility and is provided. In this context, a critical analysis of the effects of physiological factors related to the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) on oral bioavailability is discussed, such as pH, chemical composition, volumes of gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, transit time, enzymatic activity, mechanical processes, and so on, and the pharmacokinetics factors including BAC and solubility of bioactives, their transport across the cell membrane, their biodistribution and metabolism. The impact of matrix and food processing on the BAC of bioactives is also explained. The researchers' recent concerns for improving oral bioavailability of nutrients and food bioactives using both traditional techniques, for example, thermal treatments, mechanical processes, soaking, germination and fermentation, as well as food nanotechnologies, such as loading of bioactives in different colloidal delivery systems (CDSs), is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dima
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
- Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alexandru Nechifor
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy - Medical Clinical Department, Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Stefan Dima
- Faculty of Science and Environment, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Galati, Romania
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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11
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Lian F, Cheng JH, Wang H, Sun DW. Effects of combined roasting and steam cooking on NaCl reduction and quality changes in marinated salmon flesh as compared with roasting and water bath cooking. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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12
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Sallan S, Yılmaz Oral ZF, Kaya M. A Review on the Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Formation and Reduction of Volatile Nitrosamines in Fermented Sausages. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040702. [PMID: 36832777 PMCID: PMC9955677 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrosamines are N-nitroso compounds with carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic properties. These compounds could be found at certain levels in fermented sausages. Fermented sausages are considered to be a suitable environment for nitrosamine formation due to acid formation and reactions such as proteolysis and lipolysis during ripening. However, lactic acid bacteria (spontaneous or starter culture), which constitute the dominant microbiota, contribute significantly to nitrosamine reduction by reducing the amount of residual nitrite through nitrite degradation, and pH decrease has an important effect on the residual nitrite amount as well. These bacteria also play an indirect role in nitrosamine reduction by suppressing the growth of bacteria that form precursors such as biogenic amines. In recent years, research interest has focused on the degradation or metabolization of nitrosamines by lactic acid bacteria. The mechanism by which these effects are seen has not been fully understood yet. In this study, the roles of lactic acid bacteria on nitrosamine formation and their indirect or direct effects on reduction of volatile nitrosamines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Sallan
- Department of Food Processing, Bandırma Vocational School, Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Feyza Yılmaz Oral
- Department of Food Technology, Erzurum Vocational School, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Mükerrem Kaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
- Correspondence:
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13
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Agregán R, Pateiro M, Kumar M, Franco D, Capanoglu E, Dhama K, Lorenzo JM. The potential of proteomics in the study of processed meat products. J Proteomics 2023; 270:104744. [PMID: 36220542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics is a field that has grown rapidly since its emergence in the mid-1990s, reaching many disciplines such as food technology. The application of proteomic techniques in the study of complex biological samples such as foods, specifically meat products, allows scientists to decipher the underlying cellular mechanisms behind different quality traits. Lately, much emphasis has been placed on the discovery of biomarkers that facilitate the prediction of biochemical transformations of the product and provide key information on parameters associated with traceability and food safety. This review study focuses on the contribution of proteomics in the improvement of processed meat products. Different techniques and strategies have recently been successfully carried out in the study of the proteome of these products that can help the development of foods with a higher sensory quality, while ensuring consumer safety through early detection of microbiological contamination and fraud. SIGNIFICANCE: The food industry and the academic world work together with the aim of responding to market demands, always seeking excellence. In particular, the meat industry has to face a series of challenges such as, achieving sensory attributes in accordance with the standards required by the consumer and maintaining a high level of safety and transparency, avoiding deliver adulterated and/or contaminated products. This review work exposes how the aforementioned challenges are attempted to be solved through proteomic technology, discussing the latest and most outstanding research in this regard, which undoubtedly contribute to improving the quality, in all the extension of the word, of meat products, providing relevant knowledge in the field of proteomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Agregán
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Daniel Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, 243122 Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - José M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, Facultade de Ciencias de Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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14
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High-power ultrasound, micronized salt, and low KCl level: An effective strategy to reduce the NaCl content of Bologna-type sausages by 50%. Meat Sci 2023; 195:109012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.109012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Zhu N, Zang M, Wang S, Zhang S, Zhao B, Liu M, Li S, Wu Q, Liu B, Zhao Y, Qiao X. Modulating the structure of lamb myofibrillar protein gel influenced by psyllium husk powder at different NaCl concentrations: Effect of intermolecular interactions. Food Chem 2022; 397:133852. [PMID: 35940098 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a strategy involving psyllium husk powder (PHP) was proposed to alleviate the textural deterioration of protein gels under low-sodium conditions. Results revealed that myofibrillar protein (MP) in 0.3 M NaCl could accommodate more PHP to achieve better gels properties compared with that of 0.6 M NaCl. The 3 % addition of PHP could lessen the textural deterioration of gels at 0.3 M NaCl because of the insertion of PHP into the hydrophobic cavity of MP. Consequently, the reduction in protein viscoelasticity and the thermal stability of the head and tail of myosin improved. α-Helix structures unfolded, intermolecular forces formed, and proteins aggregated. Molecular docking predicted hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions as the main forces to stabilize the conformation of composites. Experiments further verified that hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds were the main forces that stabilized the structure of MP-PHP composite gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Mingwu Zang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China.
| | - Shouwei Wang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China.
| | - Shunliang Zhang
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Meng Liu
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Su Li
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Qianrong Wu
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Qiao
- China Meat Research Center, Beijing Academy of Food Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Meat Processing Technology, 100068 Beijing, China
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16
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Liu L, Zhou Y, Wan J, Zhu Q, Bi S, Zhou Y, Gu S, Chen D, Huang Y, Hu B. Mechanism of polyhydroxy alcohol-mediated curing on moisture migration of minced pork tenderloin: On the basis of molecular docking. Food Chem X 2022; 15:100401. [PMID: 36211757 PMCID: PMC9532708 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxy alcohols affect salt diffusion and moisture migration. Polyhydroxy alcohols cause the water to migrate out to reduce aw in meat. Polyhydroxy alcohols retard salt diffusion into the meat by forming a viscose barrier. Polyhydroxy alcohols can prevent meat structural damage by binding to myosin.
This study investigated the mechanism of glycerol, xylitol, and sorbitol-mediated curing of cured minced pork tenderloin. The use of polyhydroxy alcohol during mediated curing significantly reduced the salt content (p < 0.01) and water activity (aw) of the cured pork tenderloin. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LFNMR) revealed that 1 % glycerol, 1 % xylitol, 1 % sorbitol, and 10 % glycerol-mediated curing decreased water mobility, and improved water holding capacity (WHC), and produced uniform dense microstructures. Raman spectroscopy and molecular docking indicated that polyhydroxy alcohols formed hydrogen bonds with myosin, as well as hydrogen bonds with free water molecules to convert free water into bound water to reduce aw, and altered the hydrophobic environment of myosin surface to reduce structural damage caused by high salt content. In conclusion, using polyhydroxy alcohol to mediate curing can effectively reduce the salt content of cured meat and provide a theoretical basis for its application in the cured meat industry.
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17
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Kang ZL, Shang XY, Li YP, Ma HJ. Effect of ultrasound-assisted sodium bicarbonate treatment on gel characteristics and water migration of reduced-salt pork batters. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106150. [PMID: 36063789 PMCID: PMC9463446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To study the potential usefulness of ultrasound (0, 30, and 60 min) and sodium bicarbonate (0 % and 0.2 %) combination on the reduced-salt pork batters, the changes in water holding capacity, gel properties, and microstructure were investigated. The pH, salt-soluble proteins solubility, cooking yield, and b* values of reduced-salt pork batters significantly increased (P < 0.05) with the increase in ultrasound time and the addition of sodium bicarbonate, leading to the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the use of ultrasound-assisted sodium bicarbonate treatment caused the reduced-salt pork batters to form a typical spongy structure with more evenly cavities. Due to the initial relaxation time of T21 and T22 were shorter, and the peak ratio of P21 was increased and P22 was decreased after ultrasound-assisted sodium bicarbonate treatment, implying that the mobility of water was reduced. Thus, the use of ultrasound-assisted sodium bicarbonate treatment enabled reduced-salt pork batters to have better gel characteristics and higher cooking yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-Li Kang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China.
| | - Xue-Yan Shang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Li
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
| | - Han-Jun Ma
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China
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18
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Barcenilla C, Álvarez-Ordóñez A, López M, Alvseike O, Prieto M. Microbiological Safety and Shelf-Life of Low-Salt Meat Products-A Review. Foods 2022; 11:2331. [PMID: 35954097 PMCID: PMC9367943 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt is widely employed in different foods, especially in meat products, due to its very diverse and extended functionality. However, the high intake of sodium chloride in human diet has been under consideration for the last years, because it is related to serious health problems. The meat-processing industry and research institutions are evaluating different strategies to overcome the elevated salt concentrations in products without a quality reduction. Several properties could be directly or indirectly affected by a sodium chloride decrease. Among them, microbial stability could be shifted towards pathogen growth, posing a serious public health threat. Nonetheless, the majority of the literature available focuses attention on the sensorial and technological challenges that salt reduction implies. Thereafter, the need to discuss the consequences for shelf-life and microbial safety should be considered. Hence, this review aims to merge all the available knowledge regarding salt reduction in meat products, providing an assessment on how to obtain low salt products that are sensorily accepted by the consumer, technologically feasible from the perspective of the industry, and, in particular, safe with respect to microbial stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Barcenilla
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Avelino Álvarez-Ordóñez
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - Mercedes López
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - Ole Alvseike
- Animalia—Norwegian Meat and Poultry Research Centre, NO-0513 Oslo, Norway
| | - Miguel Prieto
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
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19
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Ayaseh A, Alirezalu K, Yaghoubi M, Razmjouei Z, Jafarzadeh S, Marszałek K, Khaneghah AM. Production of nitrite-free frankfurter-type sausages by combining ε-polylysine with beetroot extracts: An assessment of antimicrobial, chemical, and sensory properties. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Effects of salt concentrations on the advanced glycation end-products in dried salted spanish mackerel fillets during storage. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Microbial Safety and Sensory Analyses of Cold-Smoked Salmon Produced with Sodium-Reduced Mineral Salts and Organic Acid Salts. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101483. [PMID: 35627053 PMCID: PMC9141012 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-smoked (CS) salmon contains high levels of sodium salts, and excess dietary sodium intake is associated with an array of health complications. CS salmon may also represent a food safety risk due to possible presence and growth of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes which may cause fatal human infections. Here we determine how reformulated CS salmon using commercial sodium-reduced salt replacers containing KCl (e.g., Nutek, Smart Salt, SOLO-LITE) and acetate-based preservative salts (Provian K, proviant NDV) affect sensory properties, quality, and microbial safety. Initial sensory screening of sodium-reduced CS salmon was followed by L. monocytogenes growth analyses in selected variants of reformulated CS salmon, and finally by analyses of CS salmon variants produced in an industrial smokehouse. Projective mapping indicated overall minor sensory changes in sodium-replaced samples compared with a conventional product with NaCl. Growth of L. monocytogenes was temperature-dependent (4 °C vs. 8 °C storage) with similar growth in sodium-reduced and conventional CS salmon. The addition of 0.9% of the preservative salts Provian K or Provian NDV gave up to 4 log lower L. monocytogenes counts in both sodium-reduced and conventional cold-smoked salmon after 29 days of chilled storage. No changes in pH (range 6.20−6.33), aw levels (range 0.960−0.973), or weight yield (96.8 ± 0.2%) were evident in CS salmon with salt replacers or Provian preservative salts. Analyses of CS salmon produced with selected mineral salt and preservative salt combinations in an industrial salmon smokery indicated marginal differences in sensory properties. Samples with the preservative salt Provian NDV provided L. monocytogenes growth inhibition and low-level total viable counts (<2.8 log/g) dominated by Photobacterium and Carnobacterium during storage. Production of sodium-reduced CS salmon with inhibiting salts provides a simple method to achieve a healthier food product with increased food safety.
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22
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Sodium chloride determination in meat products: Comparison of the official titration-based method with atomic absorption spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Campagnol PCB, Lorenzo JM, Dos Santos BA, Cichoski AJ. Recent advances in the development of healthier meat products. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 102:123-179. [PMID: 36064292 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Meat products are an excellent source of high biological value proteins, in addition to the high content of minerals, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. However, meat products contain compounds that can cause a variety of adverse health effects and pose a serious health threat to humans. In this sense, this chapter will address recent strategies to assist in the development of healthier meat products. The main advances about the reduction of sodium and animal fat in meat products will be presented. In addition, strategies to make the lipid profile of meat products more nutritionally advantageous for human health will also be discussed. Finally, the reduction of substances of safety concern in meat products will be addressed, including phosphates, nitrites, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic aromatic amines, as well as products from lipid and protein oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, Ourense, Spain; Universidad de Vigo, Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Ourense, Spain
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24
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GRADINARSKA DN, VALKOVA-YORGOVA KI, DANOV KR. Effect of red wine in dry fermented sausages produced with a starter culture for improving their quality and safety. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.47722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Michelakou E, Giaouris E, Doultsos D, Nasopoulou C, Skandamis P. Εvaluation of the microbial stability and shelf life of 50% NaCl-reduced traditional Greek pork meat product "Syglino of Monemvasia" stored under vacuum at different temperatures. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08296. [PMID: 34778585 PMCID: PMC8577161 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, consumers are increasingly concerned about nutrition and health issues. "Syglino of Monemvasia" is a traditional Greek cooked and smoked, sliced pork meat product. Although this is a nutritious food, its consumption should be done in moderation due to the pickling process of its preparation. This product was thus here optimized to contain half salt (NaCl) amount and its microbial stability and shelf life was then assessed in comparison to the already available commercial product. For this, the total viable counts (TVCs) and some critical specific spoilage associations were enumerated at each product type during vacuum incubation at four different temperatures (0, 5, 10, and 15 °C). The alterations in pH, aw, color, and some other crucial sensory attributes of each product were also periodically monitored. The new low-salt product was found to remain microbiologically stable under refrigerated vacuum storage for approximately two weeks, being finally spoiled by Brochothrix thermosphacta grown above 107 CFU/g, ultimately resulting in the deterioration of taste, odor, and overall appearance of the product, and thus leading to its subsequent organoleptic rejection. Despite its limited shelf life, the 50% NaCl-reduced "Syglino" could be released in the local market provided that the cooling chain is maintained throughout its distribution (≤5 °C) and at the same time consumers are willing to accept its milder taste. Although salt replacers could have been used to improve its flavor and at the same time increase its shelf life, the product here developed without the use of such alternatives will hopefully contribute to the taste training of its consumers for less salt in their diet, keeping in parallel its clean label with no added preservatives and other food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Michelakou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Food Technology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece.,Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Giaouris
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Doultsos
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantina Nasopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Food Technology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Metropoliti Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skandamis
- Laboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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26
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Vidal VAS, Paglarini CS, Santos JR, Pollonio MAR. Reducing phosphate in low sodium and low‐cost meat emulsions: A healthier approach. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitor A. S. Vidal
- Faculty of Food Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l'Alimentació i Gastronomia Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació Universitat de Barcelona Santa Coloma de Gramenet Spain
| | | | - José R. Santos
- Faculty of Food Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
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27
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Efenberger-Szmechtyk M, Gałązka-Czarnecka I, Otlewska A, Czyżowska A, Nowak A. Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliot, Chaenomeles superba Lindl. and Cornus mas L. Leaf Extracts as Natural Preservatives for Pork Meat Products. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103009. [PMID: 34070170 PMCID: PMC8158479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using Aronia melanocarpa, Chaenomeles superba, and Cornus mas leaf extracts as natural preservatives for pork meat products. Pork sausages were stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (80% N2 and 20% CO2) at 4 °C for 29 days. The total psychrotrophic counts (TPC) were determined during the storage period, along with the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The extracts improved the microbial quality of the meat products but to a lesser extent than sodium nitrate (III). They reduced the amounts of Enterobacteriaceae and LAB. The A.melanocarpa leaf extract showed the strongest preservative effect. The bacterial biodiversity of the meat products was investigated based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Two predominant bacteria phyla were identified, Proteobacteria and Firmucutes, mostly consisting of genera Photobacterium, Brochothrix, and Carnobacterium. The extracts also influenced microbial community in sausages decreasing or increasing bacterial relative abundance. The extracts significantly inhibited lipid oxidation and improved the water-holding capacity of the meat, with C. superba extract showing the strongest influence. In addition, A. melanocarpa and C. superba improved the redness (a*) of the sausages. The results of this study show that A. melanocarpa, C. superba, and C. mas leaf extracts can extend the shelf life of meat products stored in MAP at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Efenberger-Szmechtyk
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilona Gałązka-Czarnecka
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Otlewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Agata Czyżowska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
| | - Agnieszka Nowak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (A.C.); (A.N.)
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Gómez-Salazar JA, Galván-Navarro A, Lorenzo JM, Sosa-Morales ME. Ultrasound effect on salt reduction in meat products: a review. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pateiro M, Munekata PES, Cittadini A, Domínguez R, Lorenzo JM. Metallic-based salt substitutes to reduce sodium content in meat products. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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López-Pedrouso M, Lorenzo JM, Gagaoua M, Franco D. Application of Proteomic Technologies to Assess the Quality of Raw Pork and Pork Products: An Overview from Farm-To-Fork. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E393. [PMID: 33187082 PMCID: PMC7696211 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The quality assurance of pork meat and products includes the study of factors prior to slaughter such as handling practices, diet and castration, and others during the post-mortem period such as aging, storage, and cooking. The development over the last two decades of high-throughput techniques such as proteomics offer great opportunities to examine the molecular mechanisms and study a priori the proteins in the living pigs and main post-mortem changes and post-translational modifications during the conversion of the muscle into the meat. When the most traditional crossbreeding and rearing strategies to improve pork quality were assessed, the main findings indicate that metabolic pathways early post-mortem were affected. Among the factors, it is well documented that pre-slaughter stress provokes substantial changes in the pork proteome that led to defective meat, and consequently, novel protein biomarkers should be identified and validated. Additionally, modifications in pork proteins had a strong effect on the sensory attributes due to the impact of processing, either physical or chemical. Maillard compounds and protein oxidation should be monitored in order to control proteolysis and volatile compounds. Beyond this, the search of bioactive peptides is becoming a paramount goal of the food and nutraceutical industry. In this regard, peptidomics is a major tool to identify and quantify these peptides with beneficial effects for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- María López-Pedrouso
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mohammed Gagaoua
- Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15 DY05 Dublin 15, Ireland;
| | - Daniel Franco
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Spain;
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Karolenko C, Muriana P. Quantification of Process Lethality (5-Log Reduction) of Salmonella and Salt Concentration during Sodium Replacement in Biltong Marinade. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111570. [PMID: 33138173 PMCID: PMC7693926 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is commonly used in ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products such as biltong, a South African style dried beef product for flavor, enhanced moisture loss, and reduction of microbial growth. However, increased consumption of high sodium content foods is commonly associated with high blood pressure and heart disease. This study evaluated the use of alternative salts, potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) in the biltong marinade to achieve a ≥ 5-log reduction of Salmonella, a pathogen of concern in beef products. Beef pieces (1.9 cm × 5.1 cm × 7.6 cm) were inoculated with a five-serovar mixture of Salmonella (Salmonella Thompson 120, Salmonella Enteritidis H3527, Salmonella Typhimurium H3380, Salmonella Heidelberg F5038BG1, and Salmonella Hadar MF60404), vacuum-tumbled in a traditional biltong marinade of salt, spices, and vinegar containing either NaCl, KCl or CaCl2 (2.2% concentration) followed by an 8-10 day drying period at 23.9 °C (75 °F) and 55% relative humidity. Microbial enumeration of Salmonella was conducted following inoculation, after marination, and after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days of drying in a humidity/temperature chamber. Biltong produced with CaCl2, NaCl, or KCl achieved a > 5-log reduction of Salmonella after 6, 7, and 8 days, respectively. The Salmonella reduction trends with biltong made with NaCl or CaCl2 were not significantly different (p < 0.05) while both were significantly different from that made with KCl (p > 0.05). Sodium, calcium, and potassium ion concentrations were measured using ion-specific electrode meters following biltong processing and drying. As expected, the biltong made with the corresponding salt had the most abundant ion in the sample. Regardless of the salt used in the marinade, the potassium ion levels were moderately elevated in all samples. This was determined to be from potassium levels naturally present in beef rather than from other ingredients. Sampling of several commercial brands of biltong for sodium content showed that some were significantly above the allowable level of claims made on package ingredient statements. The substitution of NaCl with KCl or CaCl2 during biltong processing can also provide a 5-log reduction of Salmonella to produce a safe product that can be marketed as a more healthy low-sodium food alternative that may appeal to consumers who need to reduce their blood pressure and are conscientious of sodium levels in their diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Karolenko
- Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Peter Muriana
- Robert M. Kerr Food & Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-405-744-5563
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