1
|
Konstandi M, Johnson EO. Age-related modifications in CYP-dependent drug metabolism: role of stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1143835. [PMID: 37293497 PMCID: PMC10244505 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1143835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating clinical evidence indicates extensive inter-individual variations in the effectiveness and adverse effects of standard treatment protocols, which are largely attributed to the multifactorial regulation of the hepatic CYP-dependent drug metabolism that is connected with either transcriptional or post-translational modifications. Age and stress belong to the most important factors in CYP gene regulation. Alterations in neuroendocrine responses to stress, which are associated with modified hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis function, usually accompany ageing. In this light, ageing followed by a decline of the functional integrity of organs, including liver, a failure in preserving homeostasis under stress, increased morbidity and susceptibility to stress, among others, holds a determinant role in the CYP-catalyzed drug metabolism and thus, in the outcome and toxicity of pharmacotherapy. Modifications in the drug metabolizing capacity of the liver with age have been reported and in particular, a decline in the activity of the main CYP isoforms in male senescent rats, indicating decreased metabolism and higher levels of the drug-substrates in their blood. These factors along with the restricted experience in the use of the most medicines in childhood and elderly, could explain at an extent the inter-individual variability in drug efficacy and toxicity outcomes, and underscore the necessity of designing the treatment protocols, accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Konstandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elizabeth O Johnson
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Reis-Mendes A, Carvalho F, Remião F, Sousa E, de Lourdes Bastos M, Costa VM. Autophagy (but not metabolism) is a key event in mitoxantrone-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated AC16 cardiac cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:201-216. [PMID: 36216988 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitoxantrone (MTX) is an antineoplastic agent used to treat advanced breast cancer, prostate cancer, acute leukemia, lymphoma and multiple sclerosis. Although it is known to cause cumulative dose-related cardiotoxicity, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. This study aims to compare the cardiotoxicity of MTX and its' pharmacologically active metabolite naphthoquinoxaline (NAPHT) in an in vitro cardiac model, human-differentiated AC16 cells, and determine the role of metabolism in the cardiotoxic effects. Concentration-dependent cytotoxicity was observed after MTX exposure, affecting mitochondrial function and lysosome uptake. On the other hand, the metabolite NAPHT only caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in the MTT reduction assay. When assessing the effect of different inhibitors/inducers of metabolism, it was observed that metyrapone (a cytochrome P450 inhibitor) and phenobarbital (a cytochrome P450 inducer) slightly increased MTX cytotoxicity, while 1-aminobenzotriazole (a suicide cytochrome P450 inhibitor) decreased fairly the MTX-triggered cytotoxicity in differentiated AC16 cells. When focusing in autophagy, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine exacerbated the cytotoxicity caused by MTX and NAPHT, while the autophagy blocker, chloroquine, partially reduced the cytotoxicity of MTX. In addition, we observed a decrease in p62, beclin-1, and ATG5 levels and an increase in LC3-II levels in MTX-incubated cells. In conclusion, in our in vitro model, neither metabolism nor exogenously given NAPHT are major contributors to MTX toxicity as seen by the residual influence of metabolism modulators used on the observed cytotoxicity and by NAPHT's low cytotoxicity profile. Conversely, autophagy is involved in MTX-induced cytotoxicity and MTX seems to act as an autophagy inducer, possibly through p62/LC3-II involvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Mendes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Biological Sciences, UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shahzad Qamar A, Zamir A, Khalid S, Ashraf W, Imran I, Hussain I, Rehman AU, Saeed H, Majeed A, Alqahtani F, Rasool MF. A review on the clinical pharmacokinetics of hydralazine. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2022; 18:707-714. [PMID: 36150895 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2022.2129005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydralazine is a vasodilator used to treat hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and heart failure. The current article reviews the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of hydralazine, which can be useful for clinicians in optimizing its dose and dosing frequency to avoid adverse effects and unexpected interactions that could risk patients' lives. AREAS COVERED This review has summarized the PK parameters for hydralazine after performing an extensive literature search. It includes 20 publications that were selected after applying eligibility criteria out of a pool of literature that was searched using Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Central, and EBSCO databases. The included studies consisted of concentration vs. time profiles of hydralazine. If the PK data were not tabulated in the given study, the concentration vs. time profiles were scanned for the extraction of the PK data. The PK parameters were calculated by applying a non-compartmental analysis (NCA). EXPERT OPINION The current review will aid clinicians in understanding hydralazine PK in different disease populations. This clinical PK data might also be helpful in the development of a pharmacokinetic model of hydralazine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Shahzad Qamar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Ammara Zamir
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Sundus Khalid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Iltaf Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Saeed
- University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Majeed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Use of biomarker data and metabolite relative potencies to support derivation of noncancer reference values based on the reproductive and developmental toxicity effects of 1,3-butadiene. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 134:105239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
5
|
Kirman CR, Hays SM. Use of Biomarker Data and Relative Potencies of Mutagenic Metabolites to Support Derivation of Cancer Unit Risk Values for 1,3-Butadiene from Rodent Tumor Data. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070394. [PMID: 35878299 PMCID: PMC9316621 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Unit Risk (UR) values were derived for 1,3-butadiene (BD) based upon its ability to cause tumors in laboratory mice and rats. Metabolism has been established as the significant molecular initiating event of BD’s carcinogenicity. The large quantitative species differences in the metabolism of BD and potency of critical BD epoxide metabolites must be accounted for when rodent toxicity responses are extrapolated to humans. Previously published methods were extended and applied to cancer risk assessments to account for species differences in metabolism, as well as differences in mutagenic potency of BD metabolites within the context of data-derived adjustment factors (DDEFs). This approach made use of biomarker data (hemoglobin adducts) to quantify species differences in the internal doses of BD metabolites experienced in mice, rats, and humans. Using these methods, the dose–response relationships in mice and rats exhibit improved concordance, and result in upper bound UR values ranging from 2.1 × 10−5 to 1.2 × 10−3 ppm−1 for BD. Confidence in these UR values was considered high based on high confidence in the key studies, medium-to-high confidence in the toxicity database, high confidence in the estimates of internal dose, and high confidence in the dose–response modeling.
Collapse
|
6
|
Konstandi M, Johnson EO, Lang MA. Stress as a Potential Regulatory Factor in the Outcome of Pharmacotherapy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:737716. [PMID: 35401076 PMCID: PMC8984175 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.737716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Konstandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elizabeth O Johnson
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Urinary Metabolic Markers of Bladder Cancer: A Reflection of the Tumor or the Response of the Body? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110756. [PMID: 34822414 PMCID: PMC8621503 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work will review the metabolic information that various studies have obtained in recent years on bladder cancer, with particular attention to discovering biomarkers in urine for the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. In principle, they would be capable of complementing cystoscopy, an invasive but nowadays irreplaceable technique or, in the best case, of replacing it. We will evaluate the degree of reproducibility that the different experiments have shown in the indication of biomarkers, and a synthesis will be attempted to obtain a consensus list that is more likely to become a guideline for clinical practice. In further analysis, we will inquire into the origin of these dysregulated metabolites in patients with bladder cancer. For this purpose, it will be helpful to compare the imbalances measured in urine with those known inside tumor cells or tissues. Although the urine analysis is sometimes considered a liquid biopsy because of its direct contact with the tumor in the bladder wall, it contains metabolites from all organs and tissues of the body, and the tumor is separated from urine by the most impermeable barrier found in mammals. The distinction between the specific and systemic responses can help understand the disease and its consequences in more depth.
Collapse
|
8
|
The Relationship of Glutathione- S-Transferase and Multi-Drug Resistance-Related Protein 1 in Nitric Oxide (NO) Transport and Storage. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195784. [PMID: 34641326 PMCID: PMC8510172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a diatomic gas that has traditionally been viewed, particularly in the context of chemical fields, as a toxic, pungent gas that is the product of ammonia oxidation. However, nitric oxide has been associated with many biological roles including cell signaling, macrophage cytotoxicity, and vasodilation. More recently, a model for nitric oxide trafficking has been proposed where nitric oxide is regulated in the form of dinitrosyl-dithiol-iron-complexes, which are much less toxic and have a significantly greater half-life than free nitric oxide. Our laboratory has previously examined this hypothesis in tumor cells and has demonstrated that dinitrosyl-dithiol-iron-complexes are transported and stored by multi-drug resistance-related protein 1 and glutathione-S-transferase P1. A crystal structure of a dinitrosyl-dithiol-iron complex with glutathione-S-transferase P1 has been solved that demonstrates that a tyrosine residue in glutathione-S-transferase P1 is responsible for binding dinitrosyl-dithiol-iron-complexes. Considering the roles of nitric oxide in vasodilation and many other processes, a physiological model of nitric oxide transport and storage would be valuable in understanding nitric oxide physiology and pathophysiology.
Collapse
|
9
|
Lecourtois-Amézquita MG, Cuevas-Córdoba B, Santiago-García J. Homozygous deletion of glutathione S-transferase theta 1 and mu 1 increase the risk of non-syndromic oral clefts in a Mexican population. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 130:105246. [PMID: 34454376 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether null variants of Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) and GST Theta 1 (GSTT1) in infants and mothers, as well as maternal exposures to environmental factors, contribute to the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) in a Mexican population. DESIGN We performed a matched pair case-control study, including 98 cases and 98 controls and their mothers. Sociodemographic information and environmental exposures were collected by a questionnaire. Null variants of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were assessed by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate risks. The interaction of genetic variables with smoking and adjusted ORs were evaluated by binary logistic regression. RESULTS Homozygous null GSTM1 was associated with the risk of NSCL/P when present in mothers (OR = 2.45, 95 % CI 1.23-4.86) or infants (OR = 2.98, 95 % CI 1.45-6.14). A higher risk was also found when children carried the homozygous null GSTT1 (OR = 4.89, 95 % CI 2.42-9.87). In mothers, this variant showed a crude risk of 9.17 (95 % CI 3.95-21.29), which increased to OR = 13.81 (95 % CI 1.63-117.09) upon interaction with frequent passive smoking (5-7 days/week). Sociodemographic and other environmental exposures were not significantly associated with the risk of NSCL/P. CONCLUSIONS Maternal and infant GSTT1 and GSTM1 homozygous null genotypes were associated with a higher risk of NSCL/P, and the results suggest an interaction of the maternal GSTT1-null/null genotype with frequent passive smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Lecourtois-Amézquita
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo S/N. Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo S/N. Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico
| | - Betzaida Cuevas-Córdoba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo S/N. Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico
| | - Juan Santiago-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo S/N. Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang BZ, Wang S, Bogumil D, Wilkens LR, Wu L, Blot WJ, Zheng W, Shu XO, Pandol SJ, Le Marchand L, Setiawan VW. Red meat consumption, cooking mutagens, NAT1/2 genotypes and pancreatic cancer risk in two ethnically diverse prospective cohorts. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:10.1002/ijc.33598. [PMID: 33844845 PMCID: PMC8594451 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is limited evidence on the association between red meat consumption and pancreatic cancer among ethnic minorities. We assessed this relationship in two large prospective cohorts: the Multiethnic Cohort Study (MEC) and the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Demographic, dietary and other risk factor data were collected at cohort entry. Red meat intake was assessed using cohort-specific validated food frequency questionnaires. Incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified via linkages to state cancer registries. Cox regression was used to calculate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of red meat intake with pancreatic cancer risk in each cohort. We performed additional analyses to evaluate cooking methods, mutagens and effect modification by NAT1/2 genotypes. From a total of 184 542 (MEC) and 66 793 (SCCS) at-risk participants, we identified 1618 (MEC) and 266 (SCCS) incident pancreatic cancer cases. Red meat consumption was associated with pancreatic cancer risk in the MEC (RRQ4vsQ1 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.37) and with borderline statistical significance in the SCCS (RRQ4vsQ1 1.31, 95% CI 0.93-1.86). This association was significant in African Americans (RRQ4vsQ1 1.49, 95% CI 1.06-2.11) and Latinos (RRQ4vsQ1 1.44, 95% CI 1.02-2.04) in the MEC, and among African Americans (RRQ4vsQ1 1.55, 95% CI 1.03-2.33) in the SCCS. NAT2 genotypes appeared to modify the relationship between red meat and pancreatic cancer in the MEC (pinteraction = 0.03). Our findings suggest that the associations for red meat may be strongest in African Americans and Latinos. The mechanisms underlying the increased risk for these populations should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Z. Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
| | - Songren Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David Bogumil
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Lang Wu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - William J. Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Department of Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wegler C, Matsson P, Krogstad V, Urdzik J, Christensen H, Andersson TB, Artursson P. Influence of Proteome Profiles and Intracellular Drug Exposure on Differences in CYP Activity in Donor-Matched Human Liver Microsomes and Hepatocytes. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1792-1805. [PMID: 33739838 PMCID: PMC8041379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human liver microsomes (HLM) and human hepatocytes (HH) are important in vitro systems for studies of intrinsic drug clearance (CLint) in the liver. However, the CLint values are often in disagreement for these two systems. Here, we investigated these differences in a side-by-side comparison of drug metabolism in HLM and HH prepared from 15 matched donors. Protein expression and intracellular unbound drug concentration (Kpuu) effects on the CLint were investigated for five prototypical probe substrates (bupropion-CYP2B6, diclofenac-CYP2C9, omeprazole-CYP2C19, bufuralol-CYP2D6, and midazolam-CYP3A4). The samples were donor-matched to compensate for inter-individual variability but still showed systematic differences in CLint. Global proteomics analysis outlined differences in HLM from HH and homogenates of human liver (HL), indicating variable enrichment of ER-localized cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in the HLM preparation. This suggests that the HLM may not equally and accurately capture metabolic capacity for all CYPs. Scaling CLint with CYP amounts and Kpuu could only partly explain the discordance in absolute values of CLint for the five substrates. Nevertheless, scaling with CYP amounts improved the agreement in rank order for the majority of the substrates. Other factors, such as contribution of additional enzymes and variability in the proportions of active and inactive CYP enzymes in HLM and HH, may have to be considered to avoid the use of empirical scaling factors for prediction of drug metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Wegler
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- DMPK,
Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 431 50 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pär Matsson
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Veronica Krogstad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jozef Urdzik
- Department
of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hege Christensen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tommy B. Andersson
- DMPK,
Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism,
BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, 431 50 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department
of Pharmacy and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kirman CR, Li AA, Sheehan PJ, Bus JS, Lewis RC, Hays SM. Ethylene oxide review: characterization of total exposure via endogenous and exogenous pathways and their implications to risk assessment and risk management. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:1-29. [PMID: 33323046 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1852988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is intended to provide risk assessors and risk managers with a better understanding of issues associated with total exposures of human populations to ethylene oxide from endogenous and exogenous pathways. Biomonitoring of human populations and lab animals exposed to ethylene oxide has relied upon the detection of hemoglobin adducts such as 2-hydroxyethylvaline (HEV), which provides a useful measure of total exposure to ethylene oxide from all pathways. Recent biomonitoring data from CDC provide an excellent characterization of total exposure to ethylene oxide to the general U.S. population by demographic factors such as age, gender, and race as well as smoking habit, which might be comparable to previous measurements reported for humans and lab animals. The biochemical pathways including gastrointestinal (production by bacteria) and systemic (enzymatic production) pathways by which endogenous ethylene is generated and converted to ethylene oxide are described. The relative importance of endogenous pathways and exogenous pathways via ambient air or tobacco smoke was quantified based upon available data to characterize their relative importance to total exposure. Considerable variation was noted for HEV measurements in human populations, and important sources of variation for all pathways are discussed. Issues related to risk assessment and risk management of human populations exposed to ethylene oxide are provided within the context of characterizing total exposure, and data needs for supporting future risk assessment identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A A Li
- Exponent , Oakland, CA, USA
| | | | - J S Bus
- Exponent , Alexandria, MI, USA
| | | | - S M Hays
- Summit Toxicology , Bozeman, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Genetics and Individual Predispositions in Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
14
|
de Souza MR, Rohr P, Kahl VFS, Kvitko K, Cappetta M, Lopes WM, Simon D, da Silva J. The influence of polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing and DNA repair genes in DNA damage, telomere length and global DNA methylation evaluated in open-cast coal mining workers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 189:109975. [PMID: 31787382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coal plants represent one of the main sources of environmental pollution due to the combustion process of this mineral and the consequent release of gases and particles which, in significant quantities, can lead to a potential risk to health and the environment. The susceptibility of individuals to the genotoxic effects of coal mining can be modulated by genetic variations in the xenobiotic detoxification and DNA repair processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate if xenobiotic metabolism polymorphism, base excision repair polymorphisms and non-homologous end joining repair polymorphism, could modify individual susceptibility to genomic instability and epigenetic alterations induced in workers by occupational exposure to coal. In this study, polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the polymorphic sites. The sample population comprising 70 coal mine workers and 71 workers non-exposed to coal. Our results demonstrated the effect of individual genotypes on different biomarkers evaluated. Significant decrease in % of global DNA methylation were observed in CYP1A1 Val/- exposed individuals compared to CYP1A1 Ile/Ile individuals. Coal workers who carried the XRCC4 Ile/Ile genotype showed decrease NBUD frequencies, while the XRCC4 Thr/- genotype was associated with decrease in Buccal micronucleus cells for the group not exposed. No influence of GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, GSTP1 Ile105Val, hOGG1 Ser326Cys, XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphisms was observed. Thus, the current study reinforces the importance of considering the effect of metabolizing and repair variant genotypes on the individual susceptibility to incorporate DNA damage, as these processes act in a coordinated manner to determine the final response to coal exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Rosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Rohr
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia Kvitko
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Post-Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mónica Cappetta
- Laboratory of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics, Medicine School, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Wilner Martinez Lopes
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Chromosome Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biologicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel Simon
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Post-Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, La Salle University (UniLaSalle), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Genetics and Individual Predispositions in Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Kjellin J, Pränting M, Bach F, Vaid R, Edelbroek B, Li Z, Hoeppner MP, Grabherr M, Isberg RR, Hagedorn M, Söderbom F. Investigation of the host transcriptional response to intracellular bacterial infection using Dictyostelium discoideum as a host model. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:961. [PMID: 31823727 PMCID: PMC6902447 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During infection by intracellular pathogens, a highly complex interplay occurs between the infected cell trying to degrade the invader and the pathogen which actively manipulates the host cell to enable survival and proliferation. Many intracellular pathogens pose important threats to human health and major efforts have been undertaken to better understand the host-pathogen interactions that eventually determine the outcome of the infection. Over the last decades, the unicellular eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum has become an established infection model, serving as a surrogate macrophage that can be infected with a wide range of intracellular pathogens. In this study, we use high-throughput RNA-sequencing to analyze the transcriptional response of D. discoideum when infected with Mycobacterium marinum and Legionella pneumophila. The results were compared to available data from human macrophages. RESULTS The majority of the transcriptional regulation triggered by the two pathogens was found to be unique for each bacterial challenge. Hallmark transcriptional signatures were identified for each infection, e.g. induction of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) and autophagy genes in response to M. marinum and inhibition of genes associated with the translation machinery and energy metabolism in response to L. pneumophila. However, a common response to the pathogenic bacteria was also identified, which was not induced by non-pathogenic food bacteria. Finally, comparison with available data sets of regulation in human monocyte derived macrophages shows that the elicited response in D. discoideum is in many aspects similar to what has been observed in human immune cells in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and L. pneumophila. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents high-throughput characterization of D. discoideum transcriptional response to intracellular pathogens using RNA-seq. We demonstrate that the transcriptional response is in essence distinct to each pathogen and that in many cases, the corresponding regulation is recapitulated in human macrophages after infection by mycobacteria and L. pneumophila. This indicates that host-pathogen interactions are evolutionary conserved, derived from the early interactions between free-living phagocytic cells and bacteria. Taken together, our results strengthen the use of D. discoideum as a general infection model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kjellin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Maria Pränting
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Present Address: ReAct - Action on Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Frauke Bach
- Section Parasitology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Present Address: Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roshan Vaid
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bart Edelbroek
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhiru Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.,Present Address: New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA
| | - Marc P Hoeppner
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manfred Grabherr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ralph R Isberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Monica Hagedorn
- Section Parasitology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.,Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Group Ribogenetics, Bremen, Germany
| | - Fredrik Söderbom
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang BZ, Stram DO, Le Marchand L, Haiman CA, Wilkens LR, Pandol SJ, Zhang Z, Monroe KR, Setiawan VW. Interethnic differences in pancreatic cancer incidence and risk factors: The Multiethnic Cohort. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3592-3603. [PMID: 31066497 PMCID: PMC6601579 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While disparity in pancreatic cancer incidence between blacks and whites has been observed, few studies have examined disparity in other ethnic minorities. We evaluated variations in pancreatic cancer incidence and assessed the extent to which known risk factors account for differences in pancreatic cancer risk among African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latino Americans, and European Americans in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Risk factor data were obtained from the baseline questionnaire. Cox regression was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pancreatic cancer associated with risk factors and ethnicity. During an average 16.9-year follow-up, 1,532 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified among 184,559 at-risk participants. Family history of pancreatic cancer (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.50-2.58), diabetes (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14-1.54), body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08-1.46), current smoking (<20 pack-years RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.19-1.73; ≥20 pack-years RR 1.76, 95% CI 1.46-2.12), and red meat intake (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00-1.36) were associated with pancreatic cancer. After adjustment for these risk factors, Native Hawaiians (RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.30-1.98), Japanese Americans (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15-1.54), and African Americans (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.42), but not Latino Americans (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76-1.07), had a higher risk of pancreatic cancer compared to European Americans. Interethnic differences in pancreatic cancer risk are not fully explained by differences in the distribution of known risk factors. The greater risks in Native Hawaiians and Japanese Americans are new findings and elucidating the causes of these high rates may improve our understanding and prevention of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Z. Huang
- Department of EpidemiologyUCLA Fielding School of Public HealthLos AngelesCalifornia,Department of Research & EvaluationKaiser Permanente Southern CaliforniaPasadenaCalifornia
| | - Daniel O. Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHawaii
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia,Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology ProgramUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonoluluHawaii
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of MedicineCedars‐Sinai Medical Center and Department of Veterans AffairsLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Zuo‐Feng Zhang
- Department of EpidemiologyUCLA Fielding School of Public HealthLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Kristine R. Monroe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Veronica Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia,Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCalifornia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dasari S, Gonuguntla S, Ganjayi MS, Bukke S, Sreenivasulu B, Meriga B. Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases: Relevance to neurological disorders. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018; 25:285-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
19
|
Lamotrigine-Valproic Acid Interaction Leading to Stevens-Johnson Syndrome. Case Rep Med 2018; 2018:5371854. [PMID: 30228819 PMCID: PMC6136509 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5371854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamotrigine (LTG) is currently indicated as adjunctive therapy for focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures and for treatment of bipolar disorder and neuropathic pain. A common concern with LTG in children is the frequency of appearance of skin rash. The intensity of this adverse effect can vary from transient mild rash to Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS), which can be fatal mainly when LTG is coadministered with valproic acid (VPA). Hereby, we present the case of an 8-year-old boy who suffered from SJS and other complications two weeks after LTG was added to his VPA treatment in order to control his seizures. VPA is known to decrease LTG clearance via reduced glucuronidation. In this case, the minor elimination pathway of LTG would play a more important role, and the formation of an arene oxide metabolite would be enhanced. As this reactive metabolite is detoxified mainly by enzymatic reactions, involving microsomal epoxide hydrolase and/or GSH-S-transferases and these enzymes are polymorphically expressed in humans, arene oxide toxicity is increased when epoxide hydrolase or GSH-S-transferases is either defective or inhibited or a depletion of intracellular glutathione levels is taking place. VPA can cause inhibition of epoxide hydrolase enzymes and/or depletion of glutathione levels leading to adverse cutaneous reactions.
Collapse
|
20
|
Pharmacokinetics of a Pediatric Tribendimidine Dose-Finding Study To Treat Hookworm Infection in African Children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00959-18. [PMID: 29914958 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00959-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tribendimidine is a broad-spectrum anthelminthic available in China, which is currently being pursued for U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for soil-transmitted helminth infections. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies with tribendimidine in children, the main target group for treatment programs, have not been conducted to date. In the framework of a dose-ranging study in hookworm-infected school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire, children were treated with either 100, 200, or 400 mg tribendimidine. Dried blood spot samples were collected up to 22 h after treatment. The active metabolite, deacetylated amidantel (dADT) and its metabolite acylated dADT (adADT) were quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. PK parameters were calculated using a noncompartmental model, and univariate logistic regression was applied using maximal blood concentrations (Cmax) and area under the blood concentration-time curve for 0 to 22 h (AUC0-22) as predictors of drug efficacy. Dried blood spot samples of 101 children were analyzed. We observed a less than proportional and proportional exposure in dADT's median Cmax and AUC0-22, respectively, following administration of 100 mg (Cmax = 853 ng/ml; AUC0-22 = 3,019 h · ng/ml) and 400 mg (Cmax = 2,275 ng/ml; AUC0-22 = 12,530 h · ng/ml) tribendimidine. There were large, dose-independent variations in the time to Cmax (Tmax) and ratios of dADT to adADT. We did not detect an influence of Cmax or AUC0-22 of dADT or adADT on drug efficacy or adverse events. Since our study population was bearing hookworm infection of mainly low intensity, additional studies with heavy intensity infections might be required to confirm this observation.
Collapse
|
21
|
GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in Polish nonsmokers. Oncotarget 2018; 9:21224-21230. [PMID: 29765533 PMCID: PMC5940415 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are responsible for cellular detoxification of many carcinogens and are important anticancer elements. This study assessed potential relationships between GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in Polish nonsmokers. We also analyzed the influence of GST gene polymorphisms on CRC clinical and histopathological features. Our study included 197 CRC patients and 104 healthy controls. GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 polymorphisms were evaluated using qPCR. Polymorphism frequencies observed in our control group corresponded to those in other European populations. The GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null genotypes were observed with similar frequencies in both CRC patients and controls (GSTM1 null: 46.7% vs. 45.2%; GSTT1 null: 15.7% vs. 20.2%). GSTP1 Ile/Ile, Ile/Val, and Val/Val genotype frequencies were respectively 42.1%, 48.2%, and 9.6% in patients and 48.1%, 42.3%, and 9.6% in controls. GSTT1 polymorphism correlated with higher tumor grade in CRC patients, and the GSTM1 null/null genotype was associated with more frequent metastasis to lymph nodes (pN classification). Our results suggest that GST gene polymorphisms may influence CRC tumor grade and stage.
Collapse
|
22
|
Allocati N, Masulli M, Di Ilio C, Federici L. Glutathione transferases: substrates, inihibitors and pro-drugs in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:8. [PMID: 29362397 PMCID: PMC5833873 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-017-0025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferase classical GSH conjugation activity plays a critical role in cellular detoxification against xenobiotics and noxious compounds as well as against oxidative stress. However, this feature is also exploited by cancer cells to acquire drug resistance and improve their survival. As a result, various members of the family were found overexpressed in a number of different cancers. Moreover several GST polymorphisms, ranging from null phenotypes to point mutations, were detected in members of the family and found to correlate with the onset of neuro-degenerative diseases. In the last decades, a great deal of research aimed at clarifying the role played by GSTs in drug resistance, at developing inhibitors to counteract this activity but also at exploiting GSTs for prodrugs specific activation in cancer cells. Here we summarize some of the most important achievements reached in this lively area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerino Allocati
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy.
| | - Michele Masulli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Carmine Di Ilio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy.,CESI-MET, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ramirez D, Lammer EJ, Iovannisci DM, Laurent C, Finnell RH, Shaw GM. Maternal Smoking during Early Pregnancy, GSTP1 and EPHX1 Variants, and Risk of Isolated Orofacial Clefts. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 44:366-73. [PMID: 17608547 DOI: 10.1597/06-011.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the interactions between four fetal xenobiotic metabolizing gene polymorphisms, maternal cigarette smoking, and risk for oral cleft defects. Design and Participants: California population–based case-control study of 431 infants born with isolated orofacial clefts and 299 nonmalformed controls. Main Outcome Measures: Infants were genotyped for functional polymorphisms of the detoxification enzymes microsomal epoxide hydrolase-1 (EPHX1 T→C [Tyr113His], and A→G [His139Arg]), and glutathione-S transferase Pi-1 (GSTP1 A→G [Ile105Val] and C→T [Ala114Val]), and risks for cleft outcomes were measured for gene only and gene-maternal smoking effects. Results: Although smoking was associated with an increased risk for isolated cleft lip ± palate, we found no independent associations of genotypes of EPHX1-codon 113 or GSTP1-codon 105 polymorphisms for either isolated cleft lip ± palate or isolated cleft palate. The heterozygote genotype for the EPHX1-codon 139 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of isolated cleft palate (odds ratio = 1.6 [95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.6]). Infant EPHX1 and GTSP1 polymorphic variants did not appreciably alter the risks for clefts associated with maternal smoking, nor were any EPHX1 combined genotype-specific risks found. Infant genotypes of the GSTP1-codon 105 polymorphism, combined with glutathione-S-transferase-μ-1 null genotypes, did not appreciably alter the risk of orofacial clefts. Conclusions: Our results suggest that genetic variation of the detoxification enzymes EPHX1 and GSTP1 did not increase the risks of orofacial clefting, nor do they influence the risks associated with maternal smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Ramirez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, and Children's Hospital and Research Center, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Arylamines and nitroarenes are intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, and plastics and are important environmental and occupational pollutants. N-Hydroxyarylamines are the toxic common intermediates of arylamines and nitroarenes. N-Hydroxyarylamines and their derivatives can form adducts with hemoglobin (Hb-adducts), albumin, DNA, and tissue proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Most of the arylamine Hb-adducts are labile and undergo hydrolysis in vitro, by mild acid or base, to form the arylamines. According to current knowledge of arylamine adduct-formation, the hydrolyzable fraction is derived from the reaction products of the arylnitroso derivatives that yield arylsulfinamide adducts with cysteine. Hb-adducts are markers for the bioavailability of N-hydroxyarylamines. Hb-adducts of arylamines and nitroarenes have been used for many biomonitoring studies for over 30 years. Hb-adducts reflect the exposure history of the last four months. Biomonitoring of urinary metabolites is a less invasive process than biomonitoring blood protein adducts, and urinary metabolites have served as short-lived biomarkers of exposure to these hazardous chemicals. However, in case of intermittent exposure, urinary metabolites may not be detected, and subjects may be misclassified as nonexposed. Arylamines and nitroarenes and/or their metabolites have been measured in urine, especially to monitor the exposure of workers. This review summarizes the results of human biomonitoring studies involving urinary metabolites and Hb-adducts of arylamines and nitroarenes. In addition, studies about the relationship between Hb-adducts and diseases are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology , Casella Postale 108, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland.,Alpine Institute of Chemistry and Toxicology , CH-6718 Olivone, Switzerland.,Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , D-80336 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ramgir SS, Sekar N, Jindam D, V G A. Association of CYP1A1*2A Polymorphism with Idiopathic Non-Obstructive Azoospermia in A South Indian Cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2017; 11:142-147. [PMID: 28868835 PMCID: PMC5582141 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2017.4752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Infertility is the inability of a couple to conceive after one and a half years
of unprotected sex. Male infertility, which accounts for almost half of infertility cases, is
considered as a major problem all over the world. The aim of this study was to investigate
the association of CYP1A1 polymorphisms with idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia
in a South Indian cohort. Materials and Methods: An experimental study was conducted with idiopathic nonobstructive
azoospermia. A total of 120 infertile and 80 fertile samples were collected,
and DNA was then extracted from all samples. The CYP1A1*2A polymorphism genotyping
was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP). Results: The genotype distribution of CYP1A1*2A polymorphism showed significant
difference between patients and controls. Moreover, the CC genotype was associated
with decreased risk of idiopathic non-obstructive azoospermia in comparison with the
TT and TC genotypes. Conclusion: The current experimental study identified that the CT genotype of
CYP1A1*2A polymorphism may contribute to the pathogenesis of male infertility in the
South Indian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka S Ramgir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu-632014, India
| | - Nishu Sekar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu-632014, India
| | - Divya Jindam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu-632014, India
| | - Abilash V G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu-632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Role of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and EPHX Polymorphism in the Pharmacokinetic of Phenytoin: A Study on Uruguayan Caucasian Subjects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10030073. [PMID: 28820457 PMCID: PMC5620617 DOI: 10.3390/ph10030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenytoin (PHT) oxidative route leads to its main metabolite p-hydroxyphenytoin (p-HPPH), by means of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. Formation of p-HPPH proceeds via a reactive arene-oxide intermediate. This intermediate can also be converted into PHT dihydrodiol by microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX). The three enzymes are polymorphically expressed and the genetic variants are responsible for changes in the enzyme activity. In order to evaluate the effect that these polymorphisms have on PHT metabolism, PHT and p-HPPH plasma concentrations were measured and the genotype for the three enzymes was assessed in 50 Uruguayan epileptic patients. 30% of the patients were intermediate and 2% were poor metabolizers for CYP2C9, while 20% were intermediate metabolizers for CYP2C19. 44%, 10%, and 46% of subjects had intermediate, increased and decreased activities of EPHX respectively. CYP2C9 was confirmed to be the main responsible enzyme for PHT biotransformation. CYP2C19 seemed to be preponderant in p-HPPH oxidative metabolism. Apart from being responsible for the production of the dihydrodiol metabolite, EPHX also seemed to contribute to pHPPH formation when its activity is low. PHT might be recovered with a decreased activity of EPHX regardless the activity of CYP2C9.
Collapse
|
27
|
Singh H, Lata S, Nema V, Samani D, Ghate M, Gangakhedkar RR. CYP1A1m1 and CYP2C9*2 and *3 polymorphism and risk to develop ARV-associated hepatotoxicity and its severity. APMIS 2017; 125:523-535. [PMID: 28370504 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes. Variations in the genes encoding these enzymes may influence the activity of corresponding metabolizing enzymes. This study aimed at assessing association of CYP2C9*2 430C/T, CYP2C9*31075A/C, and CYP1A1m1 3801T/C polymorphism with risk to develop ARV Antiretroviral-associated hepatotoxicity and its severity. In this case-control study, genotyping of CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, and CYP1A1m1 genes was done in 34 HIV-infected individuals with hepatotoxicity and 131 without hepatotoxicity, and 153 unrelated healthy individuals using PCR-RFLP. CYP1A1m13801CC genotype was likely to be associated with severe ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 1.78, p = 0.70). CYP1A1m13801CC genotype and combined genotype TC + CC were likely to be associated with development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 2.57, p = 0.08; OR = 1.42, p = 0.17). CYP1A1m1 3801CC genotype among advanced and intermediate HIV disease stage was likely to be associated with advancement of disease (OR = 2.56, p = 0.77; OR = 2.37, p = 0.45). CYP2C9*31075AC genotype among alcohol users was likely to be associated with development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 1.67, p = 0.38). CYP1A1m1 3801TC genotype and combined genotype TC + CC among nevirapine users were likely to be associated with severe ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 3.68, p = 0.27; OR = 4.91, p = 0.13). Among those who received nevirapine, presence of CYP1A1m1 3801TC genotype was likely to be associated with increased risk of development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 1.50, p = 0.78). CYP1A1m1 3801TC, 3801CC, and CYP2C9*3 1075AC genotypes among combined alcohol + nevirapine users increased the risk of development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity (OR = 1.41, p = 0.53; OR = 1.49, p = 0.83; OR = 1.78, p = 0.35). In conclusion, individuals with CYP1A1m13801CC and 3801TC genotypes independently and in the presence of alcohol and nevirapine usage is likely to be associated with increased risk of development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity, its severity, and advancement of disease. CYP2C9*31075AC genotype with combined alcohol and nevirapine usage indicated a risk for development of ARV-associated hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HariOm Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Sonam Lata
- Department of Molecular Biology, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Vijay Nema
- Department of Molecular Biology, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Dharmesh Samani
- Department of Molecular Biology, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Manisha Ghate
- Department of Clinical Sciences, National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gogtay NJ, Kapileshwar SR, Shah SU, Bendkhale SR, Ramakrishna S, Sridharan K, Thelma BK, Thatte UM, Kshirsagar NA. Evaluation of cytochrome P4502E1 polymorphisms in healthy adult Western Indians and patients with antituberculous drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 48:42-6. [PMID: 26997721 PMCID: PMC4778206 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.174519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in the metabolism of isoniazid and the mediation of its hepatotoxicity. It exhibits genetic polymorphism in humans. This study evaluated the polymorphism of CYP2E1 in adult healthy Western Indians and patients on antituberculous drugs by phenotyping and genotyping. Methods: A 500 mg single dose of chlorzoxazone (CZX) was administered to 136 healthy adult Western Indian participants. Venous blood samples 2 h postdose were analyzed for the levels of CZX and 6-hydroxy CZX, and the metabolic ratio (MR) was calculated to determine the extent of rapid and poor metabolizers using probit plot analysis. Patients on antituberculous drugs who had raised the liver enzymes or clinical symptoms of hepatotoxicity were also recruited. Genotyping for CYP2E1 * 5B allele was performed by polymerase chain reaction – rapid fragment length polymorphism technique. Results: A total of 139 healthy participants were enrolled, of which the final analysis consisted of data from 136 participants for genotyping and 137 for phenotyping. Only 1 participant had reported mild drowsiness 2 h postdose, and no other adverse events were observed. The median (range) MR of population was 0.2 (0.1–4.0), and no polymorphisms were detected using phenotype data. A total of 134/136 (98.5%) had c1/c1 genotype and 1/136 each (0.75%) had c1/c2 and c2/c2 genotypes, respectively. Of the 2/136 participants harboring c2 allele, one had MR of 0.1 (c1/c2) and another had 0.5 (c2/c2). A total of 25 cases of antituberculous drug-induced hepatotoxicity and 50 control patients were recruited, of which finally 22 cases and 49 controls were available for evaluation. All the cases had c1/c1 genotype while 42/49 (85.7%) controls had c1/c1, 6/49 (12.2%) had c1/c2, and 1/49 (2.1%) had c2/c2 genotype and the crude odds ratio was 7.9 (0.4, 145.6). Conclusions: A background prevalence of CYP2E1*B polymorphism and their activity in Western Indian population was observed. The study suggests no association between the CYP2E1 genotyping with antituberculous drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithya J Gogtay
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnali R Kapileshwar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanket U Shah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shital R Bendkhale
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kannan Sridharan
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - B K Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Urmila M Thatte
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilima A Kshirsagar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ESI PGIMSR MGM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
He P, Wei M, Wang Y, Liu Q. Associations Among Glutathione S-Transferase T1, M1, and P1 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Oral Leukoplakia. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:312-21. [PMID: 27152506 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The potential association between glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1, T1, P1 polymorphisms and the risk of oral leukoplakia (OLK) has been extensively studied. However, the results of previous studies have been contradictory. In an effort to resolve these different findings we performed a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible articles were identified by a search of PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science databases through December 1, 2015. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the risk of OLK by tobacco use, ethnicity, and OLK subtype. RESULTS A total of 3122 cases and 6037 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that the glutathione S-transferase Mu1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null polymorphisms increase the risk of OLK (OR = 1.838, 95% CI = 1.582-2.134 and OR = 1.337, 95% CI = 1.132-1.579, respectively), especially in the groups with tobacco use (OR = 2.478, 95% CI = 2.032-3.020 and OR = 2.034, 95% CI = 1.486-2.783, respectively). Conversely the glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) polymorphism did not demonstrate a significant relationship with OLK risk (OR = 1.139, 95% CI = 0.900-1.442). The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms were identified as being significantly associated with an increased risk of OLK within the German and Indian populations: German subgroup (GSTM1: OR = 11.555, 95% CI = 7.465-17.884), Indian subgroup (GSTM1: OR = 1.333, 95% CI = 1.084-1.638; GSTT1: OR = 1.332, 95% CI = 1.057-1.679). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that the GSTT1 and GSTM1 null polymorphisms may be risk factors of OLK, especially for persons who use tobacco, whereas the GSTP1 polymorphism does not contribute to the development of OLK. Thus, detection of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null polymorphisms may be promising biomarkers for the OLK susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi-an, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi-an, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi-an, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi-an, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Januchta W, Serocki M, Dzierzbicka K, Cholewinski G, Gensicka M, Skladanowski A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel analogues of batracylin with synthetic amino acids and adenosine: an unexpected effect on centromere segregation in tumor cells through a dual inhibition of topoisomerase IIα and Aurora B. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04957e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for new anticancer agents we designed and synthesized batracylin derivatives with linking synthetic amino acid side chains of different lengths and adenosine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Januchta
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cholewinski
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Monika Gensicka
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Faculty
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Andrzej Skladanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee BY, Kim HS, Choi BS, Hwang DS, Choi AY, Han J, Won EJ, Choi IY, Lee SH, Om AS, Park HG, Lee JS. RNA-seq based whole transcriptome analysis of the cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana focusing on xenobiotics metabolism. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2015; 15:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
32
|
Reinen J, Nematollahi L, Fidder A, Vermeulen NPE, Noort D, Commandeur JNM. Characterization of human cytochrome P450s involved in the bioactivation of tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (ToCP). Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:711-21. [PMID: 25706813 DOI: 10.1021/tx500490v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (ToCP) is a multipurpose organophosphorus compound that is neurotoxic and suspected to be involved in aerotoxic syndrome in humans. It has been reported that not ToCP itself but a metabolite of ToCP, namely, 2-(ortho-cresyl)-4H-1,2,3-benzodioxaphosphoran-2-one (CBDP), may be responsible for this effect as it can irreversibly bind to human butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) and human acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The bioactivation of ToCP into CBDP involves Cytochrome P450s (P450s). However, the individual human P450s responsible for this bioactivation have not been identified yet. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the metabolism of ToCP by different P450s and to determine the inhibitory effect of the in vitro generated ToCP-metabolites on human BuChE and AChE. Human liver microsomes, rat liver microsomes, and recombinant human P450s were used for that purpose. The recombinant P450s 2B6, 2C18, 2D6, 3A4 and 3A5 showed highest activity of ToCP-bioactivation to BuChE-inhibitory metabolites. Inhibition experiments using pooled human liver microsomes indicated that P450 3A4 and 3A5 were mainly involved in human hepatic bioactivation of ToCP. In addition, these experiments indicated a minor role for P450 1A2. Formation of CBDP by in-house expressed recombinant human P450s 1A2 and 3A4 was proven by both LC-MS and GC-MS analysis. When ToCP was incubated with P450 1A2 and 3A4 in the presence of human BuChE, CBDP-BuChE-adducts were detected by LC-MS/MS which were not present in the corresponding control incubations. These results confirmed the role of human P450s 1A2 and 3A4 in ToCP metabolism and demonstrated that CBDP is the metabolite responsible for the BuChE inactivation. Interindividual differences at the level of P450 1A2 and 3A4 might play an important role in the susceptibility of humans in developing neurotoxic effects, such as aerotoxic syndrome, after exposure to ToCP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Reinen
- †Division of Molecular Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leyla Nematollahi
- †Division of Molecular Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Fidder
- ‡Department of CBRN Protection, TNO Technical Sciences, P.O. Box 45, 2280 AA Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Nico P E Vermeulen
- †Division of Molecular Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Noort
- ‡Department of CBRN Protection, TNO Technical Sciences, P.O. Box 45, 2280 AA Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Jan N M Commandeur
- †Division of Molecular Toxicology, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee DH, Porta M, Jacobs DR, Vandenberg LN. Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev 2014; 35:557-601. [PMID: 24483949 PMCID: PMC5393257 DOI: 10.1210/er.2013-1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic compounds that travel with lipids and accumulate mainly in adipose tissue. Recent human evidence links low-dose POPs to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Because humans are contaminated by POP mixtures and POPs possibly have nonmonotonic dose-response relations with T2D, critical methodological issues arise in evaluating human findings. This review summarizes epidemiological results on chlorinated POPs and T2D, and relevant experimental evidence. It also discusses how features of POPs can affect inferences in humans. The evidence as a whole suggests that, rather than a few individual POPs, background exposure to POP mixtures-including organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls-can increase T2D risk in humans. Inconsistent statistical significance for individual POPs may arise due to distributional differences in POP mixtures among populations. Differences in the observed shape of the dose-response curves among human studies may reflect an inverted U-shaped association secondary to mitochondrial dysfunction or endocrine disruption. Finally, we examine the relationship between POPs and obesity. There is evidence in animal studies that low-dose POP mixtures are obesogenic. However, relationships between POPs and obesity in humans have been inconsistent. Adipose tissue plays a dual role of promoting T2D and providing a relatively safe place to store POPs. Large prospective studies with serial measurements of a broad range of POPs, adiposity, and clinically relevant biomarkers are needed to disentangle the interrelationships among POPs, obesity, and the development of T2D. Also needed are laboratory experiments that more closely mimic real-world POP doses, mixtures, and exposure duration in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine (D.-H.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-422, Korea; BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science (D.-H.L.), Kyungpook National University, Korea; Hospital del Mar Institute of Medical Research (M.P.), School of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona 08193, Spain; Division of Epidemiology (D.R.J.), School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455; Department of Nutrition (D.R.J.), University of Oslo, 0313 Oslo, Norway; and University of Massachusetts-Amherst (L.N.V.), School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dragovic S, Venkataraman H, Begheijn S, Vermeulen NP, Commandeur JN. Effect of human glutathione S-transferase hGSTP1-1 polymorphism on the detoxification of reactive metabolites of clozapine, diclofenac and acetaminophen. Toxicol Lett 2014; 224:272-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
35
|
Ghosh R, Topinka J, Joad JP, Dostal M, Sram RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I. Air pollutants, genes and early childhood acute bronchitis. Mutat Res 2013; 749:80-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
|
36
|
S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) levels in urine as an indicator of exposure to benzene in the Kinshasa population. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2013; 216:494-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
37
|
Lin W, Zhang J, Ling X, Yu N, Li J, Yang H, Li R, Cui J. Evaluation of the effect of TM208 on the activity of five cytochrome P450 enzymes using on-line solid-phase extraction HPLC–DAD: A cocktail approach. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 923-924:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
38
|
Arakawa S. Utilization ofglutathione S-transferase Mu 1- andTheta 1-null mice as animal models for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 9:725-36. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2013.780027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
39
|
Hur J, Kim H, Ha EH, Park H, Ha M, Kim Y, Hong YC, Chang N. Birth weight of Korean infants is affected by the interaction of maternal iron intake and GSTM1 polymorphism. J Nutr 2013; 143:67-73. [PMID: 23173169 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.161638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive iron consumption during pregnancy can lead to increased oxidative stress in the maternal body, which may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) originate from a superfamily of detoxifying enzymes that play a role in reducing xenobiotic compounds and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among GST gene expression, maternal iron intake during pregnancy, and neonatal birth weight. The study participants were 1087 Korean gravidas and their newborns recruited for the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health study between 2006 and 2010. A 24-h dietary recall interview was conducted to estimate iron intake; additional intake through nutritional supplements was thoroughly investigated. Deletion polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped using PCR. Dietary iron consumption during pregnancy was positively associated with birth weight in pregnant women who were GSTM1-present after adjustment for the following covariates: maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, mother's education level, log-transformed urinary cotinine level, infant gender, gestational age at term, log-transformed energy intake, parity, and the use of folic acid supplements (P < 0.05). There were interactions between the GSTM1 genotype and iron intakes from animal foods (P < 0.05), diet (P < 0.05), and diet with supplements (P < 0.05). No relationship was found between maternal iron intake and birth weight for the GSTT1 polymorphism. This study demonstrates that increased iron consumption during pregnancy may improve infant birth weight for mothers who are GSTM1-present, but it might not be beneficial for mothers with the GSTM1-null genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chauhan PS, Ihsan R, Mishra AK, Yadav DS, Saluja S, Mittal V, Saxena S, Kapur S. High order interactions of xenobiotic metabolizing genes and P53 codon 72 polymorphisms in acute leukemia. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2012; 53:619-630. [PMID: 22930568 DOI: 10.1002/em.21723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes are associated with altered metabolism of carcinogens in acute leukemia (AL). This study applied two data mining approaches to explore potential interactions among P53 and xenobiotic metabolizing genes in 230 AL patients [131 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 99 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)] and 199 controls. Individually, none of the genotypes showed significant associations with AML risk. However, in ALL the CYP1A12A TC genotype was associated with increased risk (OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.14-3.58; P = 0.01), whereas the GSTM1 null genotype imparted reduced risk (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.31-0.96; P = 0.03). In classification and regression tree analysis, combinations of GSTM1 present, CYP1A12C AA or GG, EPHX1 exon3 TC, and EPHX1 exon4 AA or GG genotype strongly enhanced the risk of AML (OR = 5.89; 95% CI = 1.40-26.62; P = 0.01). In ALL, combinations of CYP1A12A TT, P53 GG or CC and GSTP1 AG genotypes conferred the highest risk (OR = 4.19; 95% CI = 1.45-12.25; P = 0.004). In multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis, a four locus model (GSTP1, P53, EPHX1 exon3, and CYP1A12A) was the best predictor model for ALL risk. The association between this model and ALL risk remained true even at low prior probabilities of 0.01% (false positive report probability = 0.05). Interaction entropy interpretations of the best model of ALL revealed that two-way interactions were mostly synergistic. These results suggest that high order gene-gene interactions play an important role in AL risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Singh Chauhan
- Department of Tumour Biology, National Institute of Pathology Indian Council of Medical Research, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Giri SK, Yadav A, Kumar A, Dev K, Gulati S, Gupta R, Aggarwal N, Gautam SK. CYP1A1 Gene Polymorphisms: Modulator of Genetic Damage in Coal-Tar Workers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:3409-16. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.7.3409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
42
|
Total activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes conferring risk for the development of age related cataracts. Exp Eye Res 2012; 98:67-74. [PMID: 22446016 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of cataract is influenced by a number of factors including oxidative stress. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) catalyses the nucleophilic addition of the thiol of GSH to electrophilic acceptors. It is important for detoxification of xenobiotics in order to protect tissues from oxidative damage. In humans, GSTT1 and GSTM1 deletion genotypes are associated with a variety of pathological conditions including certain ophthalmic diseases. In the present study, it is aimed to determine the risk of genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 isoforms of GST for developing of age related cataracts (ARCs). We compared the prevalence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 deletion genotypes, which were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction, in 455 patients with ARCs (108 with nuclear (NC), 105 with cortical (CC), 96 with posterior subcapsular, (PSC) and 146 with mixed type (MT)) and 205 age and sex matched controls. The GST activity in erythrocytes (RBC) and cataractous lenses was measured spectrophotometrically using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate. The frequency of GSTM1 positive individuals was significantly higher in MT cataracts followed by NC, CC and PSC types with corresponding decrease in the GSTM1 null genotypes as compared to controls. Considering the GSTT1 locus, GSTT1 null genotypes showed high frequency in patients in general as compared to controls with corresponding reduction in the GSTT1 positive genotype. The activity of GST in RBC was higher in all the types of cataracts as compared to that in controls and in cataractous lenses the mean values were slightly higher in cases of NC cataracts as compared to CC, PSC and MT. The data suggests that GSTM1 positive, GSTT1 null and double null (GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null) genotypes may confer risk for the development of ARC. The increased activity of GST found in the present study could be due to a compensatory mechanism operating in response to increased oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
43
|
Rodemeister S, Nohr D, Biesalski HK. Ascorbic acid and healthy lymphocytes: a way to explain anticancer activity? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 69:1673-4; author reply 1675. [PMID: 22331302 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-1837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
44
|
Croom E. Metabolism of xenobiotics of human environments. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 112:31-88. [PMID: 22974737 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415813-9.00003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiotics have been defined as chemicals to which an organism is exposed that are extrinsic to the normal metabolism of that organism. Without metabolism, many xenobiotics would reach toxic concentrations. Most metabolic activity inside the cell requires energy, cofactors, and enzymes in order to occur. Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes can be divided into phase I, phase II, and transporter enzymes. Lipophilic xenobiotics are often first metabolized by phase I enzymes, which function to make xenobiotics more polar and provide sites for conjugation reactions. Phase II enzymes are conjugating enzymes and can directly interact with xenobiotics but more commonly interact with metabolites produced by phase I enzymes. Through both passive and active transport, these more polar metabolites are eliminated. Most xenobiotics are cleared through multiple enzymes and pathways. The relationship between chemical concentrations, enzyme affinity and quantity, and cofactor availability often determine which metabolic reactions dominate in a given individual.
Collapse
|
45
|
Genuis SJ, Lipp CT. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: fact or fiction? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2012; 414:103-112. [PMID: 22153604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As the prevalence of wireless telecommunication escalates throughout the world, health professionals are faced with the challenge of patients who report symptoms they claim are connected with exposure to some frequencies of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Some scientists and clinicians acknowledge the phenomenon of hypersensitivity to EMR resulting from common exposures such as wireless systems and electrical devices in the home or workplace; others suggest that electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) is psychosomatic or fictitious. Various organizations including the World Health Organization as well as some nation states are carefully exploring this clinical phenomenon in order to better explain the rising prevalence of non-specific, multi-system, often debilitating symptoms associated with non-ionizing EMR exposure. As well as an assortment of physiological complaints, patients diagnosed with EHS also report profound social and personal challenges, impairing their ability to function normally in society. This paper offers a review of the sparse literature on this perplexing condition and a discussion of the controversy surrounding the legitimacy of the EHS diagnosis. Recommendations are provided to assist health professionals in caring for individuals complaining of EHS.
Collapse
|
46
|
Arslan S, Silig Y, Pinarbasi H. Sulfotransferase 1A1 Arg(213)His polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. Exp Ther Med 2011; 2:1159-1162. [PMID: 22977637 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2011.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) is a member of the sulfotransferase family that plays an important role in the biotransformation of numerous carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds through sulfation. A transition, G to A at position 638, in the SULT1A1 gene, results in the Arg(213)His change. This single nucleotide polymorphism reduces the activity and thermostability of the SULT1A1 enzyme. In the present study, the relationship between the SULT1A1 Arg(213)His polymorphism and prostate cancer was investigated using PCR-RFLP. No significant difference in genotype and allele distribution was noted between the prostate cancer and control populations (P=0.072; P=0.099, respectively). The risk of prostate cancer in individuals carrying the SULT1A1(*)2 allele (His(213) allele) was determined by combining the SULT1A1(*)1/SULT1A1(*)2 (Arg/His(213)) and SULT1A1(*)2/SULT1A1(*)2 (His/His(213)) genotypes. No association was observed between SULT1A1 Arg(213)His polymorphism and prostate cancer incidence (P=0.24; OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.84-2.25). However, the His(213) allele was found to increase the risk of prostate cancer by 1.36-fold. In smoker and non-smoker populations, no significant relationship was determined between the prostate cancer and control population (P=0.45; P=0.34, respectively).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdal Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
De Luca C, Raskovic D, Pacifico V, Thai JCS, Korkina L. The search for reliable biomarkers of disease in multiple chemical sensitivity and other environmental intolerances. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 8:2770-97. [PMID: 21845158 PMCID: PMC3155329 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8072770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Whilst facing a worldwide fast increase of food and environmental allergies, the medical community is also confronted with another inhomogeneous group of environment-associated disabling conditions, including multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, electric hypersensitivity, amalgam disease and others. These share the features of poly-symptomatic multi-organ cutaneous and systemic manifestations, with postulated inherited/acquired impaired metabolism of chemical/physical/nutritional xenobiotics, triggering adverse reactions at exposure levels far below toxicologically-relevant values, often in the absence of clear-cut allergologic and/or immunologic involvement. Due to the lack of proven pathogenic mechanisms generating measurable disease biomarkers, these environmental hypersensitivities are generally ignored by sanitary and social systems, as psychogenic or "medically unexplained symptoms". The uncontrolled application of diagnostic and treatment protocols not corresponding to acceptable levels of validation, safety, and clinical efficacy, to a steadily increasing number of patients demanding assistance, occurs in many countries in the absence of evidence-based guidelines. Here we revise available information supporting the organic nature of these clinical conditions. Following intense research on gene polymorphisms of phase I/II detoxification enzyme genes, so far statistically inconclusive, epigenetic and metabolic factors are under investigation, in particular free radical/antioxidant homeostasis disturbances. The finding of relevant alterations of catalase, glutathione-transferase and peroxidase detoxifying activities significantly correlating with clinical manifestations of MCS, has recently registered some progress towards the identification of reliable biomarkers of disease onset, progression, and treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Luca
- Tissue Engineering & Skin Pathophysiology Laboratory and 2nd Dermatology Division, Dermatological Research Institute (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, Rome 00167, Italy; E-Mails: (D.R.); (V.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Desanka Raskovic
- Tissue Engineering & Skin Pathophysiology Laboratory and 2nd Dermatology Division, Dermatological Research Institute (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, Rome 00167, Italy; E-Mails: (D.R.); (V.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Valeria Pacifico
- Tissue Engineering & Skin Pathophysiology Laboratory and 2nd Dermatology Division, Dermatological Research Institute (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, Rome 00167, Italy; E-Mails: (D.R.); (V.P.); (L.K.)
| | - Jeffrey Chung Sheun Thai
- Natural Health Farm, 39 Jalan Pengacara U1/48, Seksyen U1, Temasya Industrial Park, Shah Alam Selangor 40150, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Liudmila Korkina
- Tissue Engineering & Skin Pathophysiology Laboratory and 2nd Dermatology Division, Dermatological Research Institute (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, Rome 00167, Italy; E-Mails: (D.R.); (V.P.); (L.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Marchioni DML, Gattás GJF, Curioni OA, Carvalho MBD. [Interaction between dietary intake and GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in head and neck cancer risk: a case-control study in São Paulo, Brazil]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2011; 27:379-87. [PMID: 21359474 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011000200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A hospital-based case-control study was conducted to investigate the potential interaction between dietary factors and polymorphisms in phase II metabolic enzymes GSTM1 and GSTT1, associated with head and neck cancer risk. The study included 103 histologically confirmed incident cases and 101 controls. Food intake was estimated with a validated food frequency questionnaire. The gene polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR. Increased risk was observed in the highest tertile of beef consumption in the presence of the GSTM1 (OR = 10.79; 95%CI: 2.17-53.64) and GSTT1 null alleles (OR = 3.41; 95%CI: 0.43-27.21). Assessment of dietary intake considering the ratio between animal product and vegetable consumption showed OR = 2.35 (95%CI: 0.27-19.85) in the intermediate tertile and OR = 3.36 (95%CI: 0.41-27.03) in the highest tertile. The results suggest a possible interaction between meat intake and GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphisms in modulating the risk of head and neck cancer, influenced by vegetable consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
- Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Barry KH, Zhang Y, Lan Q, Zahm SH, Holford TR, Leaderer B, Boyle P, Hosgood HD, Chanock S, Yeager M, Rothman N, Zheng T. Genetic variation in metabolic genes, occupational solvent exposure, and risk of non-hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Epidemiol 2011; 173:404-13. [PMID: 21228414 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Using 1996-2000 data among Connecticut women, the authors evaluated whether genetic variation in 4 metabolic genes modifies organic solvent associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 5 major histologic subtypes. P(interaction) values were determined from cross-product terms between dichotomous (ever/never) solvent variables and genotypes at examined loci in unconditional logistic regression models. The false discovery rate method was used to account for multiple comparisons. Overall associations between the chlorinated solvents dichloromethane (odds ratio (OR) = 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 2.69), carbon tetrachloride (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.40), and methyl chloride (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.94, 2.20) and total non-Hodgkin lymphoma were increased among women TT for rs2070673 in the cytochrome P4502E1 gene, CYP2E1 (dichloromethane: OR = 4.42, 95% CI: 2.03, 9.62; P(interaction) < 0.01; carbon tetrachloride: OR = 5.08, 95% CI: 1.82, 14.15; P(interaction) = 0.04; and methyl chloride: OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.24, 4.51; P(interaction) = 0.03). In contrast, no effects of these solvents were observed among TA/AA women. Similar patterns were observed for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, as well as marginal zone lymphoma for dichloromethane. The weak, nonsignificant overall association between benzene and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.98) was increased among women AA for rs2234922 in the microsomal epoxide hydrolase gene, EPHX1 (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.97; P(interaction) = 0.06). In contrast, no effect was observed among AG/GG women. Additional studies with larger sample size are needed to replicate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hughes Barry
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
|