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Nazemisalman B, Vahabi S, Sabouri E, Hosseinpour S, Doaju S. Association of vitamin D binding protein and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with chronic periodontitis. Odontology 2018; 107:46-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-018-0383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lian X, Lin YM, Kozono S, Herbert MK, Li X, Yuan X, Guo J, Guo Y, Tang M, Lin J, Huang Y, Wang B, Qiu C, Tsai CY, Xie J, Gao ZJ, Wu Y, Liu H, Zhou XZ, Lu KP, Chen Y. Pin1 inhibition exerts potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia through blocking multiple cancer-driving pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:73. [PMID: 29848341 PMCID: PMC5977460 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing genomic complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common form of acute leukemia, poses a major challenge to its therapy. To identify potent therapeutic targets with the ability to block multiple cancer-driving pathways is thus imperative. The unique peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 has been reported to promote tumorigenesis through upregulation of numerous cancer-driving pathways. Although Pin1 is a key drug target for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) caused by a fusion oncogene, much less is known about the role of Pin1 in other heterogeneous leukemia. Methods The mRNA and protein levels of Pin1 were detected in samples from de novo leukemia patients and healthy controls using real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The establishment of the lentiviral stable-expressed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system and the tetracycline-inducible shRNA system for targeting Pin1 were used to analyze the biological function of Pin1 in AML cells. The expression of cancer-related Pin1 downstream oncoproteins in shPin1 (Pin1 knockdown) and Pin1 inhibitor all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treated leukemia cells were examined by western blot, followed by evaluating the effects of genetic and chemical inhibition of Pin1 in leukemia cells on transformed phenotype, including cell proliferation and colony formation ability, using trypan blue, cell counting assay, and colony formation assay in vitro, as well as the tumorigenesis ability using in vivo xenograft mouse models. Results First, we found that the expression of Pin1 mRNA and protein was significantly increased in both de novo leukemia clinical samples and multiple leukemia cell lines, compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, genetic or chemical inhibition of Pin1 in human multiple leukemia cell lines potently inhibited multiple Pin1 substrate oncoproteins and effectively suppressed leukemia cell proliferation and colony formation ability in cell culture models in vitro. Moreover, tetracycline-inducible Pin1 knockdown and slow-releasing ATRA potently inhibited tumorigenicity of U937 and HL-60 leukemia cells in xenograft mouse models. Conclusions We demonstrate that Pin1 is highly overexpressed in human AML and is a promising therapeutic target to block multiple cancer-driving pathways in AML. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0611-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Lian
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.,Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Min Lin
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shingo Kozono
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Megan K Herbert
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohong Yuan
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangrui Guo
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yafei Guo
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Min Tang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Bixin Wang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Chenxi Qiu
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jane Xie
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ziang Jeff Gao
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yong Wu
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuanzhong Chen
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Song JH, Park E, Kim MS, Cho KM, Park SH, Lee A, Song J, Kim HJ, Koh JT, Kim TS. l-Asparaginase-mediated downregulation of c-Myc promotes 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -induced myeloid differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:2364-2374. [PMID: 28224619 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) largely depends on chemotherapy, but current regimens have been unsatisfactory for long-term remission. Although differentiation induction therapy utilizing 1,25(OH)2 D3 (VD3) has shown great promise for the improvement of AML treatment efficacy, severe side effects caused by its supraphysiological dose limit its clinical application. Here we investigated the combinatorial effect of l-asparaginase (ASNase)-mediated amino acid depletion and the latent alternation of VD3 activity on the induction of myeloid differentiation. ASNase treatment enhanced VD3-driven phenotypic and functional differentiation of three-different AML cell lines into monocyte/macrophages, along with c-Myc downregulation. Using gene silencing with shRNA and a chemical blocker, we found that reduced c-Myc is a critical factor for improving VD3 efficacy. c-Myc-dependent inhibition of mTORC1 signaling and induction of autophagy were involved in the enhanced AML cell differentiation. In addition, in a postculture of AML cells after each treatment, ASNase supports the antileukemic effect of VD3 by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. Finally, we confirmed that the administration of ASNase significantly improved VD3 efficacy in the prolongation of survival time in mice bearing tumor xenograft. Our results are the first to demonstrate the extended application of ASNase, which is currently used for acute lymphoid leukemia, in VD3-mediated differentiation induction therapy for AML, and suggest that this drug combination may be a promising novel strategy for curing AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Han Song
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchong Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myun Soo Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Cho
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Ho Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Arim Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Song
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeoung-Joon Kim
- Department of Hematology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Joseph R, Nagrale AV, Joseraj MG, Pradeep Kumar KM, Kaziyarakath JA, Chandini R. Low levels of serum Vitamin D in chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A hospital-based cross-sectional clinical study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2015; 19:501-6. [PMID: 26644714 PMCID: PMC4645534 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.167162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Vitamin D is associated with inflammatory diseases such as periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of our study was to find out the level of serum Vitamin D in chronic periodontitis patients (CHP) with and without type 2 DM. Materials and Methods: This study consists of 141 subjects, including 48 controls. Case groups consisted of 43 chronic periodontitis patients with type 2 DM (CHPDM) and 50 CHP. pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), modified gingival index (MGI), plaque index (PI), and calculus index (CI) were taken. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) level in ηg/ml was estimated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay with Elecsys and cobase e immunoassay analysers(cobase e 411). Other laboratory investigations including fasting blood sugar (FBS) and serum calcium were measured in all subjects. Results: The mean serum 25(OH) D level was 22.32 ± 5.76 ηg/ml, 14.06 ± 4.57 ηg/ml and 16.94 ± 5.58 ηg/ml for control, CHPDM and CHP groups respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean value of FBS was significantly high in CHPDM group as compared to CHP group. Periodontal parameters like MGI, PI, PD, and CI showed significant difference between groups (P < 0.05) and higher score was found in CHP group, while CAL and PI showed no statistically significant difference between CHP and CHPDM group (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This study observed a low level of serum Vitamin D level in patients with CHP and CHPDM. Low Vitamin D level was observed in case groups may be due to the diseases process rather than low Vitamin D acting as a cause for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamma Joseph
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Amol Vijay Nagrale
- Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Kim JH, Kim MS, Bak Y, Chung IM, Yoon DY. The Cadin-2-en-1β-ol-1β-D-glucuronopyranoside Suppresses TPA-Mediated Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression Through the ERK Signaling Pathway in MCF-7 Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 118:198-205. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11196fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Slominski AT, Kim TK, Janjetovic Z, Tuckey RC, Bieniek R, Yue J, Li W, Chen J, Nguyen MN, Tang EKY, Miller D, Chen TC, Holick M. 20-Hydroxyvitamin D2 is a noncalcemic analog of vitamin D with potent antiproliferative and prodifferentiation activities in normal and malignant cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 300:C526-41. [PMID: 21160030 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00203.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
20-hydroxyvitamin D(2) [20(OH)D(2)] inhibits DNA synthesis in epidermal keratinocytes, melanocytes, and melanoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This inhibition is dependent on cell type, with keratinocytes and melanoma cells being more sensitive than normal melanocytes. The antiproliferative activity of 20(OH)D(2) is similar to that of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and of newly synthesized 1,20(OH)(2)D(2) but significantly higher than that of 25(OH)D(3). 20(OH)D(2) also displays tumorostatic effects. In keratinocytes 20(OH)D(2) inhibits expression of cyclins and stimulates involucrin expression. It also stimulates CYP24 expression, however, to a significantly lower degree than that by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) or 25(OH)D(3). 20(OH)D(2) is a poor substrate for CYP27B1 with overall catalytic efficiency being 24- and 41-fold lower than for 25(OH)D(3) with the mouse and human enzymes, respectively. No conversion of 20(OH)D(2) to 1,20(OH)(2)D(2) was detected in intact HaCaT keratinocytes. 20(OH)D(2) also demonstrates anti-leukemic activity but with lower potency than 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). The phenotypic effects of 20(OH)D(2) are mediated through interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) as documented by attenuation of cell proliferation after silencing of VDR, by enhancement of the inhibitory effect through stable overexpression of VDR and by the demonstration that 20(OH)D(2) induces time-dependent translocation of VDR from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at a comparable rate to that for 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). In vivo tests show that while 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) at doses as low as 0.8 μg/kg induces calcium deposits in the kidney and heart, 20(OH)D(2) is devoid of such activity even at doses as high as 4 μg/kg. Silencing of CY27B1 in human keratinocytes showed that 20(OH)D(2) does not require its transformation to 1,20(OH)(2)D(2) for its biological activity. Thus 20(OH)D(2) shows cell-type dependent antiproliferative and prodifferentiation activities through activation of VDR, while having no detectable toxic calcemic activity, and is a poor substrate for CYP27B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Cancer Research, Univ. of Tennessee Health Science Center, 930 Madison Ave., RM525, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Callens C, Coulon S, Naudin J, Radford-Weiss I, Boissel N, Raffoux E, Wang PHM, Agarwal S, Tamouza H, Paubelle E, Asnafi V, Ribeil JA, Dessen P, Canioni D, Chandesris O, Rubio MT, Beaumont C, Benhamou M, Dombret H, Macintyre E, Monteiro RC, Moura IC, Hermine O. Targeting iron homeostasis induces cellular differentiation and synergizes with differentiating agents in acute myeloid leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 207:731-50. [PMID: 20368581 PMCID: PMC2856037 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20091488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating agents have been proposed to overcome the impaired cellular differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, only the combinations of all-trans retinoic acid or arsenic trioxide with chemotherapy have been successful, and only in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (also called AML3). We show that iron homeostasis is an effective target in the treatment of AML. Iron chelating therapy induces the differentiation of leukemia blasts and normal bone marrow precursors into monocytes/macrophages in a manner involving modulation of reactive oxygen species expression and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). 30% of the genes most strongly induced by iron deprivation are also targeted by vitamin D3 (VD), a well known differentiating agent. Iron chelating agents induce expression and phosphorylation of the VD receptor (VDR), and iron deprivation and VD act synergistically. VD magnifies activation of MAPK JNK and the induction of VDR target genes. When used to treat one AML patient refractory to chemotherapy, the combination of iron-chelating agents and VD resulted in reversal of pancytopenia and in blast differentiation. We propose that iron availability modulates myeloid cell commitment and that targeting this cellular differentiation pathway together with conventional differentiating agents provides new therapeutic modalities for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Callens
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8147, Paris 75015, France
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Can vitamin D intake assist in improving the outcome of endodontic treatment for diabetic patients? Med Hypotheses 2010; 74:673-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Slominski AT, Janjetovic Z, Fuller BE, Zmijewski MA, Tuckey RC, Nguyen MN, Sweatman T, Li W, Zjawiony J, Miller D, Chen TC, Lozanski G, Holick MF. Products of vitamin D3 or 7-dehydrocholesterol metabolism by cytochrome P450scc show anti-leukemia effects, having low or absent calcemic activity. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9907. [PMID: 20360850 PMCID: PMC2845617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytochrome P450scc metabolizes vitamin D3 to 20-hydroxyvitamin D3 (20(OH)D3) and 20,23(OH)2D3, as well as 1-hydroxyvitamin D3 to 1α,20-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,20(OH)2D3). It also cleaves the side chain of 7-dehydrocholesterol producing 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP), which can be transformed to 20(OH)7DHP. UVB induces transformation of the steroidal 5,7-dienes to pregnacalciferol (pD) and a lumisterol-like compounds (pL). Methods and Findings To define the biological significance of these P450scc-initiated pathways, we tested the effects of their 5,7-diene precursors and secosteroidal products on leukemia cell differentiation and proliferation in comparison to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). These secosteroids inhibited proliferation and induced erythroid differentiation of K562 human chronic myeloid and MEL mouse leukemia cells with 20(OH)D3 and 20,23(OH)2D3 being either equipotent or slightly less potent than 1,25(OH)2D3, while 1,20(OH)2D3, pD and pL compounds were slightly or moderately less potent. The compounds also inhibited proliferation and induced monocytic differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic and U937 promonocytic human leukemia cells. Among them 1,25(OH)2D3 was the most potent, 20(OH)D3, 20,23(OH)2D3 and 1,20(OH)2D3 were less active, and pD and pL compounds were the least potent. Since it had been previously proven that secosteroids without the side chain (pD) have no effect on systemic calcium levels we performed additional testing in rats and found that 20(OH)D3 had no calcemic activity at concentration as high as 1 µg/kg, whereas, 1,20(OH)2D3 was slightly to moderately calcemic and 1,25(OH)2D3 had strong calcemic activity. Conclusions We identified novel secosteroids that are excellent candidates for anti-leukemia therapy with 20(OH)D3 deserving special attention because of its relatively high potency and lack of calcemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America.
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Liu K, Meng H, Lu R, Xu L, Zhang L, Chen Z, Shi D, Feng X, Tang X. Initial Periodontal Therapy Reduced Systemic and Local 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3and Interleukin-1β in Patients With Aggressive Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2010; 81:260-6. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.090355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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The chemokine network in acute myelogenous leukemia: molecular mechanisms involved in leukemogenesis and therapeutic implications. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2010; 341:149-72. [PMID: 20376612 DOI: 10.1007/82_2010_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a bone marrow disease in which the leukemic cells show constitutive release of a wide range of CCL and CXCL chemokines and express several chemokine receptors. The AML cell release of various chemokines is often correlated and three release clusters have been identified: CCL2-4/CXCL1/8, CCL5/CXCL9-11, and CCL13/17/22/24/CXCL5. CXCL8 is the chemokine usually released at highest levels. Based on their overall constitutive release profile, patients can be classified into distinct subsets that differ in their T cell chemotaxis towards the leukemic cells. The release profile is modified by hypoxia, differentiation status, pharmacological interventions, and T cell cytokine responses. The best investigated single chemokine in AML is CXCL12 that binds to CXCR4. CXCL12/CXCR4 is important in leukemogenesis through regulation of AML cell migration, and CXCR4 expression is an adverse prognostic factor for patient survival after chemotherapy. Even though AML cells usually release high levels of several chemokines, there is no general increase of serum chemokine levels in these patients and the levels are also influenced by patient age, disease status, chemotherapy regimen, and complicating infections. However, serum CXCL8 levels seem to partly reflect the leukemic cell burden in AML. Specific chemokine inhibitors are currently being developed, although redundancy and pleiotropy of the chemokine system are obstacles in drug development.
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Liu K, Meng H, Tang X, Xu L, Zhang L, Chen Z, Shi D, Feng X, Lu R. Elevated plasma calcifediol is associated with aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2009; 80:1114-20. [PMID: 19563291 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.080675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is associated with a number of inflammatory diseases and plays a significant role in regulating bone metabolism. Serum calcifediol was demonstrated to be potentially associated with periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether an association exists between plasma calcifediol concentrations and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and whether plasma levels of bone-related biomarkers (osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus) regulated by vitamin D are related to AgP. METHODS Sixty-six patients with generalized AgP, 52 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 60 healthy controls were included in this study. Periodontal examination consisted of probing depth, attachment loss, and bleeding index measurements. Hematic calcifediol and bone-related biomarker levels were detected using radioimmunity assay kits or a biochemical analyzer. RESULTS Plasma calcifediol levels in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (29.28 versus 21.60 nmol/l; P <0.05) and were statistically significantly correlated with bleeding index (r = 0.321; P <0.05). Plasma osteocalcin concentrations in patients with AgP were higher than those of healthy controls (0.90 versus 0.70 ng/ml; P <0.05). Serum inorganic phosphorus values of both periodontitis groups were lower than those of healthy controls (1.06 +/- 0.18 mmol/l and 1.10 +/- 0.15 mmol/l versus 1.26 +/- 0.17 mmol/l; P <0.05). CONCLUSION Plasma calcifediol levels might be associated with periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaining Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Iversen PO, Ukrainchenko E, Afanasyev B, Hulbekkmo K, Choukah A, Gulbrandsen N, WislØff F, Tangen JM. Impaired nutritional status during intensive chemotherapy in Russian and Norwegian cohorts with acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 49:1916-24. [DOI: 10.1080/10428190802339723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Wald DN, Vermaat HM, Zang S, Lavik A, Kang Z, Peleg G, Gerson SL, Bunting KD, Agarwal ML, Roth BL, Tse W. Identification of 6-benzylthioinosine as a myeloid leukemia differentiation-inducing compound. Cancer Res 2008; 68:4369-76. [PMID: 18519698 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As the pathophysiology of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) involves a block of myeloid maturation, a desirable therapeutic strategy is to induce leukemic cell maturation to increase the efficacy and to avoid the side effects of traditional chemotherapeutics. Through a compound library screen, 6-benzylthioinosine (6BT) was identified as a promising differentiation-inducing agent. 6BT induces monocytic differentiation of myeloid leukemia cell lines such as HL-60 and OCI-AML3, as well as primary patient samples as evidenced by morphology, immunophenotyping, and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction. Not only can 6BT induce differentiation but a subset of AML cell lines such as MV4-11 and HNT34 instead undergo 6BT-mediated cell death. Despite inducing cell death in some leukemic cells, 6BT exhibits extremely low toxicity on several nonmalignant cells such as fibroblasts, normal bone marrow, and endothelial cells. This toxicity profile may relate to the function of 6BT as an inhibitor of the nucleoside transporter, ent1, which is thought to prevent it from entering many cell types. In contrast, 6BT likely enters at least some leukemic cell lines as shown by its requirement for phosphorylation for its differentiation activity. 6BT is also able to synergize with currently used myeloid differentiation agents such as ATRA and decitabine. Early studies indicate that the mechanism of action of this compound may involve ATP depletion that leads to growth inhibition and subsequent differentiation. Besides in vitro activity, 6BT also shows the ability to impair HL-60 and MV4-11 tumor growth in nude mice. 6BT is a promising new monocytic differentiation agent with apparent leukemic cell-specific activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Wald
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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Qiu H, Guo XH, Mo JH, Jin MF, Wu SL, Chen HL. Expressions of polypeptide: N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in leukemia cell lines during 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induced differentiation. Glycoconj J 2006; 23:575-84. [PMID: 17006648 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-006-8095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2005] [Revised: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)(2)D3] on two leukemia cell lines, K562 and SHI-1, and its relation to the expression of different subtypes of polypeptide: N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (pp-GalNAc-T) was studied. With morphological and cell flow-cytometric method, it was found that 1,25(OH)(2)D3 induced the differentiation of both leukemia cell lines toward monocytic lineage, but not affected the cell growth and apoptosis. The expressions of different subtypes of pp-GalNAc-T, the initial glycosyltransferase in O-glycan synthesis, were studied with RT-PCR before and after the treatment of different concentrations of 1,25(OH)(2)D3. Among fourteen subtypes of pp-GalNAc-T (T1 approximately T14), K562 cells obviously expressed pp-GalNAc-T2, T4, T5, T7 (T2 was the highest) and SHI-1 cells apparently expressed pp-GalNAcT1, T2, T3 and T4 (T4 was the highest) only. After K562 cells were treated 1, 25(OH)(2)D3 for 72 h, pp-GalNAc-T2, T4, T5, T7 were increased in a dose dependent manner. In contrast, pp-GalNAc-T1 and T2, especially T1, were up-regulated in SHI-1 cells by 1,25(OH)(2)D3, but T3 was unchanged and T4 was down-regulated. The different alterations of pp-GalNAc-Ts in these two cell lines were probably related to the different structural changes of O-glycans during 1,25(OH)(2)D3 induced differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Bioengineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
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