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Behera BK, Das A, Sarkar DJ, Weerathunge P, Parida PK, Das BK, Thavamani P, Ramanathan R, Bansal V. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in inland aquatic ecosystems: Perils and remedies through biosensors and bioremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:212-233. [PMID: 29807281 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants of high global concern. PAHs belong to a diverse family of hydrocarbons with over one hundred compounds known, each containing at least two aromatic rings in their structure. Due to hydrophobic nature, PAHs tend to accumulate in the aquatic sediments, leading to bioaccumulation and elevated concentrations over time. In addition to their well-manifested mutagenic and carcinogenic effects in humans, they pose severe detrimental effects to aquatic life. The high eco-toxicity of PAHs has attracted a number of reviews, each dealing specifically with individual aspects of this global pollutant. However, efficient management of PAHs warrants a holistic approach that combines a thorough understanding of their physico-chemical properties, modes of environmental distribution and bioaccumulation, efficient detection, and bioremediation strategies. Currently, there is a lack of a comprehensive study that amalgamates all these aspects together. The current review, for the first time, overcomes this constraint, through providing a high level comprehensive understanding of the complexities faced during PAH management, while also recommending future directions through potentially viable solutions. Importantly, effective management of PAHs strongly relies upon reliable detection tools, which are currently non-existent, or at the very best inefficient, and therefore have a strong prospect of future development. Notably, the currently available biosensor technologies for PAH monitoring have not so far been compiled together, and therefore a significant focus of this article is on biosensor technologies that are critical for timely detection and efficient management of PAHs. This review is focussed on inland aquatic ecosystems with an emphasis on fish biodiversity, as fish remains a major source of food and livelihood for a large proportion of the global population. This thought provoking study is likely to instigate new collaborative approaches for protecting aquatic biodiversity from PAHs-induced eco-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Kumar Behera
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India; Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Abhishek Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India
| | - Dhruba Jyoti Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India
| | - Pabudi Weerathunge
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Pranaya Kumar Parida
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata 700120, India
| | - Palanisami Thavamani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science and Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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Kumar S, Negi S, Maiti P. Biological and analytical techniques used for detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25810-25827. [PMID: 29032529 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contain two or more fused benzene rings that are considered as cosmo-pollutants ubiquitously found in the environment. The identification and monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of great interests for rapid and on-site detection. Therefore, many analytical and biological techniques have been proposed for the qualitative and quantitative assessments of PAHs. Non-biological analytical techniques such as infrared, Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopies are commonly exploited as non-destructive techniques while gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with multiple detectors are extensively employed for the separation and detection of an analyte. Even though spectroscopy and chromatography are more accurate, convenient, and feasible techniques, often, these methods are expensive and sophisticated which require high maintenance cost. On the other hand, biological approaches, i.e., immunoassay, PCR, and microarray, offer comprehensive high-throughput specificity and sensitivity for a similar analyte. Biosensor- and immunoassay-mediated detections of PAHs have opened up new avenues in terms of low cost, rapid determination, and higher sensitivity. In this review, we have discussed the strengths and limitations of biological and analytical techniques that were explored for precise evaluation and were trusted at both the legislation and research levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Sangeeta Negi
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Teliyarganj, Allahabad, 221004, India
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
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van Rossum T, Muras A, Baur MJ, Creutzburg SC, van der Oost J, Kengen SW. A growth- and bioluminescence-based bioreporter for the in vivo detection of novel biocatalysts. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:625-641. [PMID: 28393499 PMCID: PMC5404197 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of bioreporters in high-throughput screening for small molecules is generally laborious and/or expensive. The technology can be simplified by coupling the generation of a desired compound to cell survival, causing only positive cells to stay in the pool of generated variants. Here, a dual selection/screening system was developed for the in vivo detection of novel biocatalysts. The sensor part of the system is based on the transcriptional regulator AraC, which controls expression of both a selection reporter (LeuB or KmR; enabling growth) for rapid reduction of the initially large library size and a screening reporter (LuxCDABE; causing bioluminescence) for further quantification of the positive variants. Of four developed systems, the best system was the medium copy system with KmR as selection reporter. As a proof of principle, the system was tested for the selection of cells expressing an l-arabinose isomerase derived from mesophilic Escherichia coli or thermophilic Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. A more than a millionfold enrichment of cells with l-arabinose isomerase activity was demonstrated by selection and exclusion of false positives by screening. This dual selection/screening system is an important step towards an improved detection method for small molecules, and thereby for finding novel biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teunke van Rossum
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Muras
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marco J.J. Baur
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd C.A. Creutzburg
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - John van der Oost
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Servé W.M. Kengen
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
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Application of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for combined chemosensing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1109-1119. [PMID: 26615397 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The progress of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for chemosensing and monitoring has been developed in the last 20 years. Those biosensors respond to target chemicals and produce output signals, which offer a simple and alternative way of assessment approaches. As actual pollution caused by human activities usually contains a combination of different chemical substances, how to employ those biosensors to accurately detect real contaminant samples and evaluate biological effects of the combined chemicals has become a realistic object of environmental researches. In this review, we outlined different types of the recent method of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for combined chemical evaluation, epitomized their detection performance, threshold, specificity, and application progress that have been achieved up to now. We also discussed the applicability and limitations of this biosensor technology and analyzed the optimum conditions for their environmental assessment in a combined way.
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