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Kortbeek RWJ, Galland MD, Muras A, Therezan R, Maia S, Haring MA, Schuurink RC, Bleeker PM. Genetic and physiological requirements for high-level sesquiterpene-production in tomato glandular trichomes. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1139274. [PMID: 36938050 PMCID: PMC10020594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1139274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Type-VI glandular trichomes of wild tomato Solanum habrochaites PI127826 produce high levels of the sesquiterpene 7-epizingiberene and its derivatives, making the plant repellent and toxic to several pest insects and pathogens. How wild tomato trichomes achieve such high terpene production is still largely unknown. Here we show that a cross (F1) with a cultivated tomato produced only minute levels of 7-epizingiberene. In the F2-progeny, selected for the presence of the 7-epizingiberene biosynthesis genes, only three percent produced comparable amounts the wild parent, indicating this trait is recessive and multigenic. Moreover, trichome density alone did not explain the total levels of terpene levels found on the leaves. We selected F2 plants with the "high-production active-trichome phenotype" of PI127826, having trichomes producing about 150 times higher levels of terpenes than F2 individuals that displayed a "low-production lazy-trichome phenotype". Terpene quantities in trichomes of these F2 plants correlated with the volume of the storage cavity and shape of the gland. We found that trichome morphology is not a predetermined characteristic, but cavity volume rather depended on gland-cell metabolic activity. Inhibitor assays showed that the plastidial-precursor pathway (MEP) is fundamental for high-level production of both cytosolic as well as plastid-derived terpenes in tomato trichomes. Additionally, gene expression profiles of isolated secretory cells showed that key enzymes in the MEP pathway were higher expressed in active trichomes. We conclude that the MEP pathway is the primary precursor-supply route in wild tomato type-VI trichomes and that the high-production phenotype of the wild tomato trichome is indeed a multigenic trait.
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Kortbeek RWJ, Galland MD, Muras A, van der Kloet FM, André B, Heilijgers M, van Hijum SAFT, Haring MA, Schuurink RC, Bleeker PM. Natural variation in wild tomato trichomes; selecting metabolites that contribute to insect resistance using a random forest approach. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 34215189 PMCID: PMC8252294 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-produced specialised metabolites are a powerful part of a plant's first line of defence against herbivorous insects, bacteria and fungi. Wild ancestors of present-day cultivated tomato produce a plethora of acylsugars in their type-I/IV trichomes and volatiles in their type-VI trichomes that have a potential role in plant resistance against insects. However, metabolic profiles are often complex mixtures making identification of the functionally interesting metabolites challenging. Here, we aimed to identify specialised metabolites from a wide range of wild tomato genotypes that could explain resistance to vector insects whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). We evaluated plant resistance, determined trichome density and obtained metabolite profiles of the glandular trichomes by LC-MS (acylsugars) and GC-MS (volatiles). Using a customised Random Forest learning algorithm, we determined the contribution of specific specialised metabolites to the resistance phenotypes observed. RESULTS The selected wild tomato accessions showed different levels of resistance to both whiteflies and thrips. Accessions resistant to one insect can be susceptible to another. Glandular trichome density is not necessarily a good predictor for plant resistance although the density of type-I/IV trichomes, related to the production of acylsugars, appears to correlate with whitefly resistance. For type VI-trichomes, however, it seems resistance is determined by the specific content of the glands. There is a strong qualitative and quantitative variation in the metabolite profiles between different accessions, even when they are from the same species. Out of 76 acylsugars found, the random forest algorithm linked two acylsugars (S3:15 and S3:21) to whitefly resistance, but none to thrips resistance. Out of 86 volatiles detected, the sesquiterpene α-humulene was linked to whitefly susceptible accessions instead. The algorithm did not link any specific metabolite to resistance against thrips, but monoterpenes α-phellandrene, α-terpinene and β-phellandrene/D-limonene were significantly associated with susceptible tomato accessions. CONCLUSIONS Whiteflies and thrips are distinctly targeted by certain specialised metabolites found in wild tomatoes. The machine learning approach presented helped to identify features with efficacy toward the insect species studied. These acylsugar metabolites can be targets for breeding efforts towards the selection of insect-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy W J Kortbeek
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc D Galland
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Muras
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans M van der Kloet
- Data Analysis Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart André
- Enza Zaden Research & Development B.V, Haling 1E, 1602 DB, Enkhuizen, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Heilijgers
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha A F T van Hijum
- Radboud University Medical Center, Bacterial Genomics Group, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A Haring
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuurink
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra M Bleeker
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Ferreira C, Zalis M, Zukin M, Mathias C, Haddad C, Mascarenhas E, Araujo L, Montella T, Custodio M, Silva B, Bustamante C, Montenegro G, Muras A, Reis M. P2.01-128 Low Positivity Rate in T790M Detection with ctDNA in NSCLC and Post EGFR-TKI Progression – Timing or Sensitivity? J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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van Rossum T, Muras A, Baur MJ, Creutzburg SC, van der Oost J, Kengen SW. A growth- and bioluminescence-based bioreporter for the in vivo detection of novel biocatalysts. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:625-641. [PMID: 28393499 PMCID: PMC5404197 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of bioreporters in high-throughput screening for small molecules is generally laborious and/or expensive. The technology can be simplified by coupling the generation of a desired compound to cell survival, causing only positive cells to stay in the pool of generated variants. Here, a dual selection/screening system was developed for the in vivo detection of novel biocatalysts. The sensor part of the system is based on the transcriptional regulator AraC, which controls expression of both a selection reporter (LeuB or KmR; enabling growth) for rapid reduction of the initially large library size and a screening reporter (LuxCDABE; causing bioluminescence) for further quantification of the positive variants. Of four developed systems, the best system was the medium copy system with KmR as selection reporter. As a proof of principle, the system was tested for the selection of cells expressing an l-arabinose isomerase derived from mesophilic Escherichia coli or thermophilic Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. A more than a millionfold enrichment of cells with l-arabinose isomerase activity was demonstrated by selection and exclusion of false positives by screening. This dual selection/screening system is an important step towards an improved detection method for small molecules, and thereby for finding novel biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teunke van Rossum
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Muras
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Marco J.J. Baur
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd C.A. Creutzburg
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - John van der Oost
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Servé W.M. Kengen
- Laboratory of MicrobiologyWageningen University and ResearchStippeneng 46708WE WageningenThe Netherlands
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Chmiel A, Mizia-Stec K, Wierzbicka-Chmiel J, Rychlik S, Muras A, Mizia M, Bienkowski J. Low testosterone and sexual symptoms in men with acute coronary syndrome can be used to predict major adverse cardiovascular events during long-term follow-up. Andrology 2015; 3:1113-8. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Chmiel
- First Department of Cardiology; School of Medicine in Katowice; Medical University of Silesia; Katowice Poland
| | - K. Mizia-Stec
- First Department of Cardiology; School of Medicine in Katowice; Medical University of Silesia; Katowice Poland
| | | | - S. Rychlik
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology; Hospital Rybnik; Rybnik Poland
| | - A. Muras
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology; Hospital Rybnik; Rybnik Poland
| | - M. Mizia
- First Department of Cardiology; School of Medicine in Katowice; Medical University of Silesia; Katowice Poland
| | - J. Bienkowski
- Department of Cardiology and Endocrinology; Hospital Rybnik; Rybnik Poland
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Mayer C, Romero M, Muras A, Otero A. Aii20J, a wide-spectrum thermostable N-acylhomoserine lactonase from the marine bacterium Tenacibaculum sp. 20J, can quench AHL-mediated acid resistance in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:9523-39. [PMID: 26092757 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are produced by many Gram-negative bacteria to coordinate gene expression in cellular density dependent mechanisms known as quorum sensing (QS). Since the disruption of the communication systems significantly reduces virulence, the inhibition of quorumsensing processes or quorum quenching (QQ) represents an interesting anti-pathogenic strategy to control bacterial infections. Escherichia coli does not produce AHLs but possesses an orphan AHL receptor, SdiA, which is thought to be able to sense the QS signals produced by other bacteria and controls important traits as the expression of glutamate-dependent acid resistance mechanism, therefore constituting a putative target for QQ. A novel AHL-lactonase, named Aii20J, has been identified, cloned and over expressed from the marine bacterium Tenacibaculum sp. strain 20 J presenting a wide-spectrum QQ activity. The enzyme, belonging to the metallo-β-lactamase family, shares less than 31 % identity with the lactonase AiiA from Bacillus spp. Aii20J presents a much higher specific activity than the Bacillus enzyme, maintains its activity after incubation at 100 ºC for 10 minutes, is resistant to protease K and α-chymotrypsin, and is unaffected by wide ranges of pH. The addition of Aii20J (20 μg/mL) to cultures of E. coli K-12 to which OC6-HSL was added resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability in comparison with the acidresistant cultures derived from the presence of the signal. Results confirm the interaction between AHLs and SdiA in E. coli for the expression of virulence-related genes and reveal the potential use of Aii20J as anti-virulence strategy against important bacterial pathogens and in other biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mayer
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology-CIBUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Romero
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology-CIBUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - A Muras
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology-CIBUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Otero
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology-CIBUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Leeggangers HACF, Folta A, Muras A, Nap JP, Mlynarova L. Reduced seed germination in Arabidopsis over-expressing SWI/SNF2 ATPase genes. Physiol Plant 2015; 153:318-26. [PMID: 24839909 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the life of flowering plants, seed germination is a critical step to ensure survival into the next generation. Generally the seed prior to germination has been in a dormant state with a low rate of metabolism. In the transition from a dormant seed to a germinating seed, various epigenetic mechanisms play a regulatory role. Here, we demonstrate that the over-expression of chromatin remodeling ATPase genes (AtCHR12 or AtCHR23) reduced the frequency of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana up to 30% relative to the wild-type seeds. On the other hand, single loss-of-function mutations of the two genes did not affect seed germination. The reduction of germination in over-expressing mutants was more pronounced in stress conditions (salt or high temperature), showing the impact of the environment. Reduced germinations upon over-expression coincided with increased transcript levels of seed maturation genes and with reduced degradation of their mRNAs stored in dry seeds. Our results indicate that repression of AtCHR12/23 gene expression in germinating wild-type Arabidopsis seeds is required for full germination. This establishes a functional link between chromatin modifiers and regulatory networks towards seed maturation and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrika A C F Leeggangers
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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