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Xu Y, Liu Y, Zhang B, Bu C, Wang Y, Zhang D, Xi M, Qin Q. Enhanced removal of sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline in bioretention cells amended with activated carbon and zero-valent iron: System performance and microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:148992. [PMID: 34303249 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics, heavily used as medicine, enter the environment inevitably and raise concerns of the risk to the ecosystems. In this study, we explored the removal efficiency and mechanism of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) in activated carbon (AC) and AC-zero-valent iron amended bioretention cells (AC-BRC and AC-Fe-BRC) compared with a conventional bioretention cell (BRC). Moreover, the system performance of BRCs, the shifts of the microbial community, as well as the fate of corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that, exposed to antibiotics notwithstanding, AC-BRC and AC-Fe-BRC significantly outperformed BRC on total nitrogen (TN) removal (BRC: 70.36 ± 13.61%; AC-BRC: 91.43 ± 6.41%; AC-Fe-BRC: 83.44 ± 12.13%). Greater than 97% of the total phosphorous (TP) was removed in AC-Fe-BRC, remaining unimpacted despite of the selective pressure from SMX/TC. Excellent removals of antibiotics (above 99%) were achieved in AC-BRC and AC-Fe-BRC regardless of the types and initial concentrations (0.8 mg/L, 1.2 mg/L and 1.6 mg/L) of antibiotics, dwarfing the removal performance of BRC (12.2 ± 4.4%-64.2 ± 5.5%). The illumina high throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated the concomitant variations of microbial communities as SMX/TC was loaded. AC layers tended to alleviate the adverse effect of SMX/TC on microbial biodiversity. Proteobacteria (34.55-68.47%), Chloroflexi (7.13-33.54%), and Bacteroidetes (6.20-21.03%) were the top three dominant phyla in the anaerobic zone of the BRCs. The abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) sulI, sulII and tetA genes were dramatically higher in AC-BRC and AC-Fe-BRC when exposed to 0.8 mg/L SMX/TC, which indicated that relatively low concentrations of SMX/TC induced the production of these three ARGs in the presence of AC. Although the amendment of AC led to highly efficient SMX/TC removals, further investigation is still required to improve the retention of ARGs in BRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China.
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China.
| | - Benchi Zhang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China.
| | - Chibin Bu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China
| | - Yajun Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Danyi Zhang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China
| | - Muhua Xi
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China.
| | - Qingdong Qin
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, PR China.
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Lee J, Lee SY, Han S, Seong D, Wijesinghe RE, Kim P, Jeon M, Jung HY, Kim J. Multi-directional Morphological Assessment of Single Bacterial Colonies Through Non-invasive Optical Imaging. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 48:3014-3023. [PMID: 33118064 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A bacterium in bacterial colony is a basal component of bacterial studies and is therefore of considerable importance. The morphological characteristics of a single colony have been widely used as the standard to identify diverse bacterial species. However, the conventional methods for obtaining morphological information, such as microscopic techniques, cannot provide tomographic views. This study utilizes spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to observe both external and internal structures for single colonies. OCT imaging provided a clear top (projection) and lateral (cross-sectional) images, which can identify distinct features in the fifteen different bacterial species examined. Through the acquired OCT images, the elevation type in each genus was confirmed, and the quantitative measurements for morphology including a diameter, height, and elevation angle were achieved. Moreover, the OCT raw data was used to build three-dimensional images to observe outer appearances in all direction. As a result, the averaged angles of 7.92°, 14.40°, 6.78°, and 11.92° of the genus Hymenobacter, Spirosoma, Bacillus, and Deinococcus, respectively, were calculated. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that OCT is a highly feasible, non-invasive method for the identification of bacterial species, providing detailed morphological and visual information. It thus has strong potential for applications in bacteriology, as well as biomedical and food sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsoo Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sangyeob Han
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Daewoon Seong
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyungil University, 50 Gamasil-gil, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38428, South Korea
| | - Pilun Kim
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Mansik Jeon
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Hee-Young Jung
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea.
| | - Jeehyun Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Taegu, 41566, South Korea.
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Taşkan B, Casey E, Hasar H. Simultaneous oxidation of ammonium and tetracycline in a membrane aerated biofilm reactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 682:553-560. [PMID: 31128369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The membrane aerated biofilms reactor (MABR) is an emerging technology in wastewater treatment with particular advantages including high rate nitrification, and very high oxygen transfer efficiencies. In this study a synthetic feed water incorporating tetracycline (TC) was investigated in a MABR. Simultaneous removal of ammonium and tetracycline (TC) in the reactor, formation of TC transformation products (TPs), and microbial community analysis in the biofilm growing on the membrane were performed. A range of TC and ammonium loading rates and the effect of different intra-membrane oxygen pressures were on treatment performance were systematically investigated. Successful nitrification and TC degradation were achieved with the highest TC removal (63%) obtained at a HRT of 18 h HRT and 0.41 bar gas pressure. It has shown that different operating conditions (HRT and gas pressure) do not cause a significant change in ammonium removal. The concentration of TPs such as ETC, EATC, and ATC was determined to be at the ppb level. Molecular results showed that MABR reactor was mainly dominated by β-proteobacteria. The relative abundance of this group decreased in parallel with the increasing ammonium and TC loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Taşkan
- Firat University, Faculty of Engineering, Dept of Environmental Engineering, 23119-Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Eoin Casey
- University College Dublin, School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Halil Hasar
- Firat University, Faculty of Engineering, Dept of Environmental Engineering, 23119-Elazığ, Turkey
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Impact of operating condition on the denitrifying bacterial community structure in a 3DBER-SAD reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:9-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1853-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two main operating parameters (influent C/N ratio and electric current intensity) were examined for their impacts on the denitrifying bacterial community structure in an integrated system of three-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor and sulfur autotrophic denitrification (3DBER-SAD). It was found that genus β-proteobacteria played a leading role under different operating conditions. The influent C/N ratio illustrated a great impact on denitrifying bacteria diversity. When the C/N ratio decreased from 1.07 to 0.36, the Shannon–Wiener index and Simpson index increased from 2.44 to 2.71 and from 0.89 to 0.92, respectively, while the proportion of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria Thauera decreased from 61.4 to 21.1%, and the sulfur autotrophic denitrifying bacteria (e.g., genus Sulfuricella and Thiobacillus denitrificans) increased from 3.5 to 19.3%. In terms of the impact of electric current intensity, the Shannon–Wiener index and Simpson index decreased from 2.71 to 2.63 and from 0.92 to 0.90, respectively, as the current intensity increased from 60 to 400 mA.
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Chen Z, Wang X, Yang Y, Mirino MW, Yuan Y. Partial nitrification and denitrification of mature landfill leachate using a pilot-scale continuous activated sludge process at low dissolved oxygen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:580-588. [PMID: 27403860 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling of low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (0.1-0.5mg/L), a cost-effective strategy, was applied to a pilot-scale anoxic-oxic-oxic-anoxic process for partial nitrification and denitrification of mature landfill leachate. High ammonium removal efficiency, stable nitrite accumulation rate and total nitrogen removal efficiency was higher than 95.0%, 90.0% and 66.4%, respectively, implying potential application of this process for nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate. Efficient nitrite accumulation in the first oxic reactor depended on low DO conditions and sufficient alkalinity. However, operational limit was mainly decided by actual hydraulic retention time (AHRT) of the first oxic reactor and appeared with AHRT less than 13.9h under DO of 0.3-0.5mg/L. High-throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated significant change of bacterial diversity in the first oxic reactor after a long-term operation and dominant bacteria genus Nitrosomonas was shown to be responsible for NH4(+)-N removal and nitrite accumulation under low DO levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - YongYuan Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Markus W Mirino
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yanlei Yuan
- Hualu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
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Nguyen VK, Park Y, Yu J, Lee T. Bioelectrochemical denitrification on biocathode buried in simulated aquifer saturated with nitrate-contaminated groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15443-15451. [PMID: 27117152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate contamination in aquifers has posed human health under high risk because people still rely on groundwater withdrawn from aquifers as drinking water and running water sources. These days, bioelectrochemical technologies have shown a great number of benefits for nitrate remediation via autotrophic denitrification in groundwater. This study tested the working possibility of a denitrifying biocathode when installed into a simulated aquifer. The reactors were filled with sand and synthetic groundwater at various ratios (10, 50, and 100 %) to clarify the effect of various biocathode states (not-buried, half-buried, and fully buried) on nitrate reduction rate and microbial communities. Decreases in specific nitrate reduction rates were found to be correlated with increases in sand/medium ratios. A specific nitrate reduction rate of 322.6 mg m(-2) day(-1) was obtained when the biocathode was fully buried in an aquifer. Microbial community analysis revealed slight differences in the microbial communities of biocathodes at various sand/medium ratios. Various coccus- and rod-shaped bacteria were found to contribute to bioelectrochemical denitrification including Thiobacillus spp. and Paracoccus spp. This study demonstrated that the denitrifying biocathode could work effectively in a saturated aquifer and confirmed the feasibility of in situ application of microbial electrochemical denitrification technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghyun Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheul Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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