1
|
Liu S, Li J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wei B, Li Y. Association Between Ethylene Oxide Exposure and Cognitive Function in US Older Adults: NHANES 2013-2014. J Alzheimers Dis 2024:JAD240662. [PMID: 39213076 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Ethylene oxide (EO) is a common organic compound associated with many adverse health outcomes. However, studies exploring the association between EO exposure and cognitive function are limited. Objective This study aims to examine this relationship between EO exposure and cognition in older adults. Methods This study enrolled 438 older adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 cycle. EO exposure was quantified by the measurements of blood hemoglobin adducts of ethylene oxide (HbEO) concentrations. Cognitive function was measured by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease battery (CREAD), the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Linear regression model, generalized additive model, and smooth curve fitting were applied to examine the linear and nonlinear relationship between EO exposure and cognitive function. We used a two-piecewise linear regression model to detect the threshold effect of EO exposure on cognitive function. Results Participants with higher HbEO levels had lower AFT and DSST scores than those with lower HbEO levels. After adjusting for all confounding factors, log2-transformed HbEO levels were negatively associated with AFT score. The smooth curve fitting demonstrated the nonlinear relationship between EO exposure and DSST scores. When log-2 transformed HbEO levels >4.34 pmol/g Hb, EO exposure was negatively associated with DSST score. Conclusions This study indicated that high levels of HbEO were associated with cognitive decline in US older adults. Future cohort studies are needed to verify our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Beijing College of Social Administration (Ministry of Civil Affairs Training Center), Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Li Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Baojian Wei
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yushang Li
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Szczygieł T, Koziróg A, Otlewska A. Synthetic and Natural Antifungal Substances in Cereal Grain Protection: A Review of Bright and Dark Sides. Molecules 2024; 29:3780. [PMID: 39202859 PMCID: PMC11357261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Molds pose a severe challenge to agriculture because they cause very large crop losses. For this reason, synthetic fungicides have been used for a long time. Without adequate protection against pests and various pathogens, crop losses could be as high as 30-40%. However, concerns mainly about the environmental impact of synthetic antifungals and human health risk have prompted a search for natural alternatives. But do natural remedies only have advantages? This article reviews the current state of knowledge on the use of antifungal substances in agriculture to protect seeds against phytopathogens. The advantages and disadvantages of using both synthetic and natural fungicides to protect cereal grains were discussed, indicating specific examples and mechanisms of action. The possibilities of an integrated control approach, combining cultural, biological, and chemical methods are described, constituting a holistic strategy for sustainable mold management in the grain industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Szczygieł
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland; (T.S.); (A.O.)
- Interdisciplinary Doctoral School, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Koziróg
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland; (T.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Otlewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-530 Lodz, Poland; (T.S.); (A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Wang J, Lei D, Peng D, Zong K, Li K, Wu Z, Liu Y, Huang Z. Associations between Ethylene Oxide Exposure and Liver Function in the US Adult Population. TOXICS 2024; 12:551. [PMID: 39195653 PMCID: PMC11358929 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12080551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethylene oxide, a reactive epoxy compound, has been widely used in various industries for many years. However, evidence of the combined toxic effects of ethylene oxide exposure on the liver is still lacking. METHODS We analyzed the merged data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2016. Ultimately, 4141 adults aged 18 and over were selected as the sample. We used linear regression to explore the association between blood ethylene oxide and LFT indicators. RESULTS The weighted linear regression model showed that HbEO is positively correlated with ALP (β = 2.61, 95% CI 1.97, 3.24, p < 0.0001), GGT (β = 5.75, 95% CI 4.46, 7/05, p < 0.0001), ALT (β = 0.50, 95% CI 0.09, 0.90, p = 0.0158), and AST (β = 0.71, 95% CI 0.44, 0.98, p < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with TBIL (β = -0.30, 95% CI -0.43, -0.16, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Ethylene oxide exposure is significantly associated with changes in liver function indicators among adults in the United States. Future work should further examine these relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jinzhou Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China;
| | - Dengliang Lei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Dadi Peng
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Kezhen Zong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Kaili Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yanyao Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zuotian Huang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; (S.L.); (D.L.); (D.P.); (K.Z.); (K.L.); (Z.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Le L, Lan Z, Chen C. Positive association of ethylene oxide levels with young stroke: a population-based study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1391176. [PMID: 39015475 PMCID: PMC11249756 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1391176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ethylene oxide (EtO), a highly reactive organic compound with extensive industrial applications, poses significant health risks. The association between EtO exposure and stroke was not well established. This study examined the association between EtO exposure and stroke among US adults using data from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods We used appropriately weighted multifactorial logistic regression models to analyze the data and validated the findings with smoothed curve fitting. Stratified analysis and interaction assessments were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings. Results The study included 5,071 participants, balanced between men and women, with a stroke prevalence of 4.1%. Higher EtO levels were associated with rising rates of stroke (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06-1.42). Individuals in the top 25% group displayed a stroke prevalence 1.6 times higher than those in the bottom 25% group (OR = 1.60, 95%CI: 1.03-2.48). Stratified analysis demonstrated a significant positive association between EtO and stroke in individuals under 50 years (OR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.38-2.72), while no significant association was found in those aged 50 and above (OR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.83-1.14). Conclusion This study identified a significant association between EtO exposure and stroke occurrence in young adults in the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Le
- Department of Neurology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenxi Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xue Y, Tang Y, Ren Z, Linke L, Liu Y, Xie J. Association between blood ethylene oxide levels and the prevalence of periodontitis: evidence from NHANES 2013-2014. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:293. [PMID: 38695956 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to establish a link between blood ethylene oxide (EO) levels and periodontitis, given the growing concern about EO's detrimental health effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 1006 adults from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset. We assessed periodontitis prevalence across groups, used weighted binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline fitting for HbEO-periodontitis association, and employed Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves for prediction. RESULTS In the periodontitis group, HbEO levels were significantly higher (40.57 vs. 28.87 pmol/g Hb, P < 0.001). The highest HbEO quartile showed increased periodontitis risk (OR = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 6.31, P = 0.01). A "J"-shaped nonlinear HbEO-periodontitis relationship existed (NL-P value = 0.0116), with an inflection point at ln-HbEO = 2.96 (EO = 19.30 pmol/g Hb). Beyond this, ln-HbEO correlated with higher periodontitis risk. A predictive model incorporating sex, age, education, poverty income ratio, alcohol consumption, and HbEO had 69.9% sensitivity and 69.2% specificity. The model achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.761. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a correlation between HbEO levels and an increased susceptibility to periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujing Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyun Ren
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Linke
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou C, Wang S, Ju L, Zhang R, Yang Y, Liu Y. Positive association between blood ethylene oxide levels and metabolic syndrome: NHANES 2013-2020. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1365658. [PMID: 38699390 PMCID: PMC11063307 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1365658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The exposure of Ethylene oxide (EO) is linked to systemic inflammatory response and various cardiovascular risk factors. Hemoglobin's binding to ethylene oxide (HbEO) was used to measure serum EO level. This research aims to explore the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and HbEO, and between HbEO and components of metabolic syndrome. Method This research included 1842 participants from 2013 to 2020 in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Weighted logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between HbEO and metabolic syndrome risk, using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The restricted cubic spline plot explores whether there is a dose-response relationship between HbEO and MetS risk. Subgroup analysis was performed to analyze study heterogeneity. Results Significant differences were found in gender, educational level, marital status, diabetes status and hypertension among different groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.007, P = 0.003, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The serum HbEO level exhibited positive correlation with metabolic syndrome risk in Q2 level (OR=1.64, 1.04~2.48), Q3 level (OR=1.99, 1.29~3.08), and Q4 level (OR=2.89, 1.92~4.34). The dose-response association suggested a possible linear association between serum HbEO and metabolic syndrome risk (P-overall=0.0359, P-non-linear=0.179). L-shaped association was found between HbEO and the risk of MetS in female population, obese population and mid-age and elder population (P-overall<0.001, P-non-linear=0.0024; P-overall=0.0107, P-non-linear=0.0055 P-overall<0.001 P-non-linear=0.0157). Conclusion This study indicates a linear correlation between MetS and HbEO, with MetS risk escalating as HbEO levels increase. The prevalence of MetS varies depending on BMI, age and gender, and these factors can also influence MetS prevalence when exposed to EO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Zhou
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Senlin Wang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingling Ju
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunning Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang H, Chen X, Lin F, Zheng J, Chen K, Wang X, Lin X, Chen X, Ye Q, Wang Y, Wu X, Cai G. Association between ethylene oxide levels and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013-2018 database. J Affect Disord 2024; 348:135-142. [PMID: 38154580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Ethylene oxide (EO) is a commonly used compound with known health risks. However, the specific association between EO exposure and the development of depressive symptoms has not been well established. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the potential association between EO exposure, as indicated by hemoglobin adduct of ethylene oxide (HbEO) levels, and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. METHODS We employed logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and subgroup analysis to investigate the association between EO exposure and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. Additionally, we conducted a mediating effect analysis to explore the potential factors influencing the association between EO exposure and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Elevated HbEO levels were associated with the development of depressive symptoms. After adjusting for potential confounders, the highest quartile of HbEO levels showed an odds ratio (OR) of 3.37 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.87-6.10, P = 0.002] compared with the lowest quartile. Additionally, a linear association was observed between HbEO levels and the risk of depressive symptoms. We also revealed that the levels of several inflammatory factors and triglycerides mediated the association between EO exposure and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of EO exposure were related to an increased risk of developing depressive symptoms. The analysis also suggested that the inflammatory response might play a mediating role in the pathway from EO exposure to depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaicheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuanjie Chen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fabin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xilin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; cFujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Liu N, Xiong W, Wang R. Association between blood ethylene oxide levels and periodontitis risk: a population-based study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1338319. [PMID: 38384884 PMCID: PMC10879552 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1338319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The etiopathogenesis of periodontitis is closely associated with environmental conditions. However, the relationship between ethylene oxide exposure and periodontitis risk remains unclear. Methods We selected qualified participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. Periodontitis was identified according to the criteria of the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) definition. Ethylene oxide exposure was quantified by hemoglobin adducts of ethylene oxide (HbEO) levels. Log2-transformation was used to normalize HbEO levels. We designed three logistic regression models to explore potential relationship between HbEO and periodontitis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and subgroup analysis were also conducted with all covariates adjusted. We performed multivariable linear regression to appraise the association between the risk of periodontitis and different indicators of inflammation, including white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes. Mediation analysis was subsequently performed to examine whether ethylene oxide exposure contributed to periodontitis development through systemic body inflammation. Results A total of 1,065 participants aged more than 30 were incorporated in this study. We identified that participants with higher HbEO levels showed increased risk of periodontitis after adjusting for all covariates (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.95, p = 0.0014). The results of subgroup analysis remained stable. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve also revealed a non-linear correlation between log2-transformed HbEO levels with the risk of periodontitis (p for nonlinear < 0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that HbEO level was significantly associated with four inflammatory mediators, with the mediated proportions of 14.44% (p < 0.001) for white blood cell, 9.62% (p < 0.001) for neutrophil, 6.17% (p = 0.006) for lymphocyte, and 6.72% (p < 0.001) for monocyte. Conclusion Participants with higher ethylene oxide exposure showed higher risk of periodontitis, which was partially mediated by systemic body inflammation. More well-designed longitudinal studies should be carried out to validate this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nuozhou Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang S, Wang Y, Wang M, Xu Y, Zhang W, Zhou X, Niu X, Sun M, Feng C, Wang L, Yang T, Zhang M, Li B, Qiao Y. Sex difference in the non-linear relationship between ethylene oxide exposure and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 345:386-393. [PMID: 37918573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethylene oxide (EO) has been recognized as an animal carcinogen and environmental EO exposure was linked to several diseases. However, the association of EO exposure with depression prevalence is still not clear. METHODS We included 6016 participants with complete data on HbEO concentrations, depression diagnosis, and necessary covariates using the 2013-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighted multivariable logistic model was applied to examine the association of HbEO concentrations with depression risk. Weighted restricted cubic spline model was applied to draw the dose-response curve. RESULTS In the total population, individuals in the second, third, and fourth quartile of HbEO respectively had an adjusted OR of 0.99 (95%CI: 0.60, 1.63), 1.13 (95%CI: 0.73, 1.75), and 2.87 (95%CI: 1.86, 4.45) (Ptrend < 0.001) for depression with a significant "J" shaped non-linear dose-response relationship (Pnon-linear < 0.001). Females, drinkers, and smokers were susceptible to the depressive effect of EO. Doubling the HbEO concentrations was respectively associated with a 1.50-fold (95%CI: 1.25, 1.79), 1.29-fold (1.15, 1.44), and 1.17-fold (1.04, 1.33) increased risk of depression for females, drinkers, and smokers. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional study design and self-reported depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Environmental EO exposure was associated with increased depression risk, especially among females, drinkers, and smokers. Further prospective studies are required to affirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Jiang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China.
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Jining Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Yaru Xu
- Jining Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Weitao Zhang
- Jiaxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong 272400, China
| | - Xinyong Zhou
- Luqiao Township Health Center, Weishan, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Xinpeng Niu
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Mingjia Sun
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Tiankai Yang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Mingrong Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
| | - Yi Qiao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu S, Yang YM, Zhu J, Wang LL, Xu W, Lyu SQ, Wang J, Shao XH, Zhang H. Impact of hemoglobin adducts of ethylene oxide on the prevalence and prognosis of chronic kidney disease in US adults: an analysis from NHANES 2013-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2802-2812. [PMID: 38066258 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Animal experiments have shown that high exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) can cause multiple system damages including the renal system. Recent studies have reported associations between exposure to EO and cancer, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of exposure to EO on the prevalence and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in humans is scarcely investigated. The study was designed to investigate the associations between EO exposure and incidence and prognosis of CKD among 2900 US adults. Exposure to EO was measured by detecting the levels of hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO). The diagnosis of CKD was made according to an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) > 30 mg/g. Prognosis of CKD was assessed based on the evaluation system initiated by KDIGO that consists of eGFR and UACR. Survey-weighted generalized linear models and proportional odds models were constructed to assess the associations between HbEO and prevalence and prognosis of CKD, with odds ratios (ORs) and proportional odds ratios (PORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported, respectively. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) function was performed to depict the correlation between HbEO and CKD. The weighted median (interquartile range) of HbEO was 31.3 (23.1-60.3) pmol/g Hb. A total of 491 participants (16.9%) were diagnosed with CKD, and 153 participants (5.31%) were identified to be at high or very high risk. Referred to the first tertile of HbEO, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for CKD in the second and third tertile were 1.46 (0.85, 2.50) and 1.69 (1.00, 2.85), and the adjusted PORs (95% CIs) for prognosis of CKD in the second and third tertile were 1.37 (0.94, 1.99) and 1.58 (1.10, 2.26). When HbEO was analyzed as a continuous variable, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for CKD and POR (95% CI for prognosis of CKD were 1.24 (0.97, 1.58) and 1.22 (1.01, 1.47), respectively. RCS analysis revealed a non-linear positive correlation between HbEO and prevalence of CKD (P for nonlinearity < 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated smoking status had a significant impact on this association, which remained significant among never smokers but lost significance among smokers. Among US adults, increased EO exposure was independently related to increased CKD prevalence and poor CKD outcomes, which was established in never smokers but not among ever smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Min Yang
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Wang
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Qi Lyu
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Hui Shao
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Emergency Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xie R, Liu L, Liu C, Xie S, Huang X, Zhang Y. Associations of ethylene oxide exposure and "Life's Essential 8". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121150-121160. [PMID: 37950781 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a widely used industrial chemical with recognized health risks. While its carcinogenic properties have been extensively studied, emerging evidence suggests potential associations with cardiovascular diseases. Using the recently introduced Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score as a comprehensive cardiovascular health (CVH) measure, this study aimed to elucidate the relationship between EtO exposure and CVH. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) encompassing 3748 adults was analyzed. CVH was assessed using the LE8 score, which incorporates diet, physical activity, tobacco/nicotine exposure, sleep duration, BMI, non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure. The association between EtO exposure, gauged by Hemoglobin adduct (HbEtO) levels, and CVH was examined using linear regression and Cox regression models. An inverse relationship between EtO exposure and the overall CVH score was identified. Specifically, for every 1-unit increase in ln-transformed HbEtO, a 3.69-point decrease in the total CVH score was observed. An inverted J-shaped association between ln-transformed HbEtO and CVH score emerged, with an inflection point at 3.15 pmol/g Hb. Elevated EtO exposure was not significantly linked to all-cause mortality but was robustly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Elevated EtO exposure is negatively associated with CVH, as outlined by the LE8 metrics. Beyond a certain threshold, this association underscores the cardiovascular risks of EtO exposure and highlights the importance of further research to determine underlying mechanisms and recommend preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Xie
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linjian Liu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Changxiong Liu
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China
| | - Songlin Xie
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China
| | - Xiongjie Huang
- Department of Hand & Microsurgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Gland Surgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Swift SJ, Dryahina K, Lehnert AS, Demarais N, Langford VS, Perkins MJ, Silva LP, Omezzine Gnioua M, Španěl P. Accurate selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry quantification of ethylene oxide contamination in the presence of acetaldehyde. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:6435-6443. [PMID: 37971404 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01036h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In September 2020, traces of ethylene oxide (a toxic substance used as a pesticide in developing countries but banned for use on food items within the European Union) were found in foodstuffs containing ingredients derived from imported sesame seed products. Vast numbers of foodstuffs were recalled across Europe due to this contamination, leading to expensive market losses and extensive trace exposure of ethylene oxide to consumers. Therefore, a rapid analysis method is needed to ensure food safety by high-throughput screening for ethylene oxide contamination. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is a suitable method for rapid quantification of trace amounts of vapours in the headspace of food samples. It turns out, however, that the presence of acetaldehyde complicates SIFT-MS analyses of its isomer ethylene oxide. It was proposed that a combination of the H3O+ and NO+ reagent ions can be used to analyse ethylene oxide in the presence of acetaldehyde. This method is, however, not robust because of the product ion overlaps and potential interferences from other matrix species. Thus, we studied the kinetics of the reactions of the H3O+, NO+, OH- and O-˙ ions with these two compounds and obtained their rate coefficients and product ion branching ratios. Interpretation of these experimental data revealed that the OH- anions are the most suitable SIFT-MS reagents because the product ions of their reactions with acetaldehyde (CH2CHO- at m/z 43) and ethylene oxide (C2H3O2- at m/z 59) do not overlap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Swift
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Dolejškova 2155/3, Prague 182 23, Czechia.
| | - Kseniya Dryahina
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Dolejškova 2155/3, Prague 182 23, Czechia.
| | | | - Nicholas Demarais
- Syft Technologies, 68 Saint Asaph Street, Christchurch Central City, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Vaughan S Langford
- Syft Technologies, 68 Saint Asaph Street, Christchurch Central City, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Mark J Perkins
- Element Lab Solutions, Unit 4, Wellbrook Court, Girton Rd, Girton, Cambridge CB3 0NA, UK
| | - Leslie P Silva
- Syft Technologies, 675N Euclid St #627, Anaheim, CA 92801, USA
| | - Maroua Omezzine Gnioua
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Dolejškova 2155/3, Prague 182 23, Czechia.
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 121 16, Czechia
| | - Patrik Španěl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i., Dolejškova 2155/3, Prague 182 23, Czechia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
O'Kelley L, Swanson B, Bishop-Royse JC. Integrative literature review: Ethylene oxide exposure signs and symptoms. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:790-809. [PMID: 37254592 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although ethylene oxide (EtO) gas is designated as a human carcinogen, extant literature reports mixed findings on the health effects of exposure. The disparate findings may reflect industry bias as many studies were funded by a large chemical industry lobby. OBJECTIVE To conduct an integrative review of studies free from industry bias to facilitate compilation of a comprehensive list of reported signs and symptoms of EtO exposure. METHODS We reviewed 1887 papers of which 42 articles met inclusion criteria. The authors conducted this review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The presence of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. RESULTS Non-industry biased literature confirmed serious adverse health effects associated with EtO exposure at the occupational, hospital, and community level. EtO represents a carcinogen, neurotoxin, and respiratory irritant. CONCLUSION After removal of industry-biased studies, EtO was unequivocally found to pose a threat to human health. There remains a gap in the number of studies examining community-level exposure, which is essential to understanding the impact of EtO. Given that EtO-emitting facilities are concentrated in diverse and disadvantaged communities, further study of EtO exposure health effects is warranted to inform public policy on toxic air emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda O'Kelley
- The College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han L, Wang Q. Association between hemoglobin adducts of ethylene oxide levels and the risk of short sleep duration in the general population: an analysis based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:76761-76768. [PMID: 37247137 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between blood ethylene oxide (HbEtO) levels and short sleep duration (SSD). Data of 3438 participants aged 20 years or older in this study were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The ethylene oxide (EtO) biomarker (HbEtO) was quantified in blood using a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. SSD was defined as sleep time equal to or less than 6 h. The analyses utilized weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline. There was a significant non-linear relationship between HbEtO levels and the risk of SSD (P for-nonlinearity = 0.035). After the full adjustment for confounders, compared with the lowest quantile, the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SSD across the quantiles of ethylene oxide levels were 1.54(1.09-2.18), 1.15(0.87-1.53), and 1.80(1.11-2.92), respectively (P for trend < 0.05). In subgroup analysis, people who were female, who were non-Hispanic Black, who never engaged in physical activity, who consumed alcohol ≤ 14 g/day, who were normal weight or obese had a significantly higher risk of SSD when they had highest quartiles of HbEtO levels than those had lowest (p < 0.05). Our study indicated that HbEtO levels, an indicator for EtO exposure, were associated with SSD in general adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, 710061, Xi'an, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, 710061, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang H, Wang K, Zhang H, Yang B, Mao W, Chen M, Zhou S. Physical activity can influence the relationship between ethylene oxide and risk of kidney stones: A cross-sectional study from the NHANES 2013-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64673-64681. [PMID: 37071362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene oxide (EO) is known to cause inflammatory damage, and suitable physical activity can reportedly affect the risk of kidney stones. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between EO and kidney stones and whether physical activity can potentially influence the relationship between EO and kidney stones. Overall, 3,336 adult participants were included; of them, 330 (9.9%) had a self-reported history of kidney stones. Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016. Physical activity was calculated using metabolic equivalent, weekly frequency, and duration. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were used to explore the association between physical activity, EO, and kidney stones. Dose-response curves from the RCS showed a nonlinear positive association between EO and kidney stones. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.548 (95% confidence interval 1.123-2.135, P = 0.008) for the risk of kidney stones among participants in the highest quartile (Q4) group compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1) group. Furthermore, compared to the Q1 group, the aOR for risk of kidney stones in the Q4 group was 1.326 in participants without physical activity, a decreased risk (aOR 1.239) in participants with low physical activity, and an increased risk (aOR 1.981) in those with high physical activity. This study suggests that EO is a risk factor for kidney stones and that suitable physical activity may moderate this relationship to some extent; however, excessive physical activity can exacerbate this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guizhou, 550018, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Shuigen Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No.305 Zhongshan Dong Road, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Thoma ED, Gitipour A, George I, Kariher P, MacDonald M, Queiroz G, Deshmukh P, Childers J, Rodak T, Schmid V. Assessment of Chemical Facility Ethylene Oxide Emissions Using Mobile and Multipoint Monitoring. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT: X 2023; 18:1-11. [PMID: 37260630 PMCID: PMC10228146 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2023.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene oxide (EtO) is a hazardous air pollutant that can be emitted from a variety of difficult to measure industrial sources, such as fugitive leaks, wastewater handling, and episodic releases. Emerging next generation emission measurement (NGEM) approaches capable of time-resolved, low parts per billion by volume (ppbv) method detection limits (MDLs) can help facilities understand and reduce EtO and other air pollutant emissions from these sources yielding a range of environmental and public health benefits. In October 2021, a first of its kind 4-day observational study was conducted at an EtO chemical facility in the midwestern United States. The study had dual objectives to both improve understanding of EtO emission sources within the facility and advance NGEM methods. Using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) instruments, a combination of mobile surveys and stationary multipoint process unit monitoring assessed EtO concentrations in and near facility operations, while testing and comparing measurement methods. The study concluded that four main areas of EtO source emissions existed within the facility, each possessing unique emission characteristics. Episodic EtO emissions from supply railcar switchovers and batch reactor washouts, lasting seconds to minutes in duration, produced EtO concentrations exceeding 500 ppbv inside the process unit in some cases. In one instance, EtO at ~30 ppbv was briefly observed hundreds of meters from the process unit. Lower level but more sustained EtO concentrations were observed near an EtO transfer pump and wastewater tank outfall and drain system. Overall, 4.6% of mobile survey data were above the 1.2 ppbv mobile test MDL while the nine stationary sampling locations ranged from 17.7% to 82.8% of data above the 1.0 ppbv multipoint test MDL. This paper describes the EtO emissions observed in and near the four defined source areas within the facility and provides details of the NGEM method development advances accomplished as part of the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eben D. Thoma
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 109 TW Alexander Dr., RTP, NC 27711, USA
| | - Ali Gitipour
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 109 TW Alexander Dr., RTP, NC 27711, USA
| | - Ingrid George
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 109 TW Alexander Dr., RTP, NC 27711, USA
| | - Peter Kariher
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 109 TW Alexander Dr., RTP, NC 27711, USA
| | - Megan MacDonald
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, 109 TW Alexander Dr., RTP, NC 27711, USA
| | - Gustavo Queiroz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7, U.S. EPA Region 7, 11201 Renner Blvd. Lenexa, KS 66219, USA
| | | | - Josh Childers
- CleanAir Engineering Inc., 110 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15275, USA
| | - Tim Rodak
- CleanAir Engineering Inc., 110 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15275, USA
| | - Volker Schmid
- CleanAir Engineering Inc., 110 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15275, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jensen KH, Michel BW. Detection of Ethylene with Defined Metal Complexes: Strategies and Recent Advances. ANALYSIS & SENSING 2023; 3:e202200058. [PMID: 37601898 PMCID: PMC10438914 DOI: 10.1002/anse.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite its relative simplicity, ethylene is an interesting molecule with wide-ranging impact in modern chemistry and biology. Stemming from ethylene's role as a critical plant hormone, there has been significant effort to develop selective and sensitive molecular sensors for ethylene. Late transition metal complexes have played an important role in detection strategies due to ethylene's lack of structural complexity and limited reactivity. Two main approaches to ethylene detection are identified: (1) coordination-based sensors, wherein ethylene binds reversibly to a metal center, and (2) activity-based sensors, wherein ethylene undergoes a reaction at a metal center, resulting in the formation and destruction of covalent bonds. Herein, we describe the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches, and the challenges remaining for sensor development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina H Jensen
- School of Natural Sciences, Black Hills State University, 1200 University Street, Spearfish, SD, 57799, United States
| | - Brian W Michel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, 2101 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO, 80210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song W, Hu H, Ni J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Yang G, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Peng B. The relationship between ethylene oxide levels in hemoglobin and the prevalence of kidney stones in US adults: an exposure-response analysis from NHANES 2013-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:26357-26366. [PMID: 36367648 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ethylene oxide may cause a number of diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between hemoglobin ethylene oxide (HbEO) and the risk of developing kidney stones in US adults. We analyzed 3348 patients from the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 and conducted a cross-sectional study. Dose-response analysis curves of restricted cubic spline function, multiple logistic regression, and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the association between HbEO and the risk of kidney stones. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between HbEO and kidney stones. Among the 3348 participants, 3016 people self-reported having a kidney stone. After adjusting for age, sex, race, marital status, education level, diabetes, vigorous recreational activity, moderate recreational activity, body mass index, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, eGFR, and uric acid, we found a positive association between HbEO and the risk of kidney stones. We divided patients into four groups based on quartiles of HbEO levels and performed multifactorial logistic regression after adjusting for confounders, which showed that the incidence of kidney stones increased with increasing HbEO concentrations compared with Q1 (Q2, OR = 0.922, 95% CI, 0. 657-1.295, P = 0.639; Q3, OR = 1.004, 95% CI, 0.713-1.414, P = 0.983; Q4, OR = 1.535, 95% CI, 1.114-2.114, P = 0.009). High levels of HbEO were positively correlated with the risk of kidney stone development and could be used as an indicator of kidney stone prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Tongji University, 1291 Jiangning Road, Pu'tuo District, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Tongji University, 1291 Jiangning Road, Pu'tuo District, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Houliang Zhang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Guangcan Yang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Tongji University, 1291 Jiangning Road, Pu'tuo District, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Z, Shi P, Chen Z, Zhang W, Lin S, Zheng T, Li M, Fan L. The association between ethylene oxide exposure and asthma risk: a population-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24154-24167. [PMID: 36334203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene oxide (EO) is a reactive epoxide. However, the association between EO exposure and the risk of developing asthma in humans is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between EO exposure and the risk of developing asthma in the general US population. In this cross-sectional study, data of 2542 patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2013 and 2016 were obtained and analyzed. Hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO) level be used as the main factor for predicting EO exposure. The association between the level of EO exposure and the risk of developing asthma was evaluated with logistic regression models and dose-response analysis curves of restricted cubic spline function. Mediation analysis and linear regression analysis were utilized to evaluate the association between EO exposure and inflammation indicators. According to the quartiles of HbEO level, the patients were divided into four groups. The results indicated that an increased HbEO level was associated with a higher risk of asthma onset. Compared with the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (OR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the highest quartile was 1.960 (95% CI: 1.348-2.849, P = 0.003). After being adjusted for numerous potential confounders, the OR of quartile 4 relative to quartile 1 was 1.991 (95% CI: 1.359-2.916, P = 0.001). Consistent results were also obtained in most subgroup analyses and dose-response analysis curves. In addition, EO levels were positively correlated with the inflammatory indicators (P = 0.006 for WBC, P = 0.015 for lymphocyte, and P = 0.015 for neutrophil). This study revealed a positive correlation between the level of EO exposure and the risk of asthma in a representative US population. In addition, inflammatory response may prove to be a potential biological mechanism underlying EO-induced asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Li
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Pingfan Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhibo Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shumeng Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200072, China.
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Pulmonary Nodules Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee SH, Kim J, Kim J, Park J, Park S, Kim KB, Lee BM, Kwon S. Current trends in read-across applications for chemical risk assessments and chemical registrations in the Republic of Korea. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:393-404. [PMID: 36250612 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2022.2133033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Read-across, an alternative approach for hazard assessment, has been widely adopted when in vivo data are unavailable for chemicals of interest. Read-across is enabled via in silico tools such as quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) modeling. In this study, the current status of structure activity relationship (SAR)-based read-across applications in the Republic of Korea (ROK) was examined considering both chemical risk assessments and chemical registrations from different sectors, including regulatory agencies, industry, and academia. From the regulatory perspective, the Ministry of Environment (MOE) established the Act on Registration and Evaluation of Chemicals (AREC) in 2019 to enable registrants to submit alternative data such as information from read-across instead of in vivo data to support hazard assessment and determine chemical-specific risks. Further, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) began to consider read-across approaches for establishing acceptable intake (AI) limits of impurities occurring during pharmaceutical manufacturing processes under the ICH M7 guideline. Although read-across has its advantages, this approach also has limitations including (1) lack of standardized criteria for regulatory acceptance, (2) inconsistencies in the robustness of scientific evidence, and (3) deficiencies in the objective reliability of read-across data. The application and acceptance rate of read-across may vary among regulatory agencies. Therefore, sufficient data need to be prepared to verify the hypothesis that structural similarities might lead to similarities in properties of substances (between source and target chemicals) prior to adopting a read-across approach. In some cases, additional tests may be required during the registration process to clarify long-term effects on human health or the environment for certain substances that are data deficient. To improve the quality of read-across data for regulatory acceptance, cooperative efforts from regulatory agencies, academia, and industry are needed to minimize limitations of read-across applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Lee
- Chemicals Registration & Evaluation Team, Risk Assessment Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Inchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoon Kim
- Chemical Safety Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyong Kim
- Environment, Safety and Health DepartmentChemical Products and Biocides Safety Center, Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (KEITI), Inchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Pharmaceutical Standardization Division, Drug Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyu-Bong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Chungnam 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Mu Lee
- Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kwon
- Global Product Stewardship, Research & Development, Singapore Innovation Center, Procter & Gamble (P&G) International Operationsr, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kobets T, Smith BPC, Williams GM. Food-Borne Chemical Carcinogens and the Evidence for Human Cancer Risk. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182828. [PMID: 36140952 PMCID: PMC9497933 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Commonly consumed foods and beverages can contain chemicals with reported carcinogenic activity in rodent models. Moreover, exposures to some of these substances have been associated with increased cancer risks in humans. Food-borne carcinogens span a range of chemical classes and can arise from natural or anthropogenic sources, as well as form endogenously. Important considerations include the mechanism(s) of action (MoA), their relevance to human biology, and the level of exposure in diet. The MoAs of carcinogens have been classified as either DNA-reactive (genotoxic), involving covalent reaction with nuclear DNA, or epigenetic, involving molecular and cellular effects other than DNA reactivity. Carcinogens are generally present in food at low levels, resulting in low daily intakes, although there are some exceptions. Carcinogens of the DNA-reactive type produce effects at lower dosages than epigenetic carcinogens. Several food-related DNA-reactive carcinogens, including aflatoxins, aristolochic acid, benzene, benzo[a]pyrene and ethylene oxide, are recognized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as causes of human cancer. Of the epigenetic type, the only carcinogen considered to be associated with increased cancer in humans, although not from low-level food exposure, is dioxin (TCDD). Thus, DNA-reactive carcinogens in food represent a much greater risk than epigenetic carcinogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kobets
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-914-594-3105; Fax: +1-914-594-4163
| | - Benjamin P. C. Smith
- Future Ready Food Safety Hub, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Gary M. Williams
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lynch HN, Kozal JS, Russell AJ, Thompson WJ, Divis HR, Freid RD, Calabrese EJ, Mundt KA. Systematic review of the scientific evidence on ethylene oxide as a human carcinogen. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 364:110031. [PMID: 35779612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene oxide is a highly reactive chemical primarily used as an intermediate in chemical production and as a sterilant of medical equipment and food products; it also is produced endogenously as a result of physiological processes. We conducted a systematic review of the potential carcinogenicity of inhaled ethylene oxide in humans using methods that adhere to PRIMSA guidelines and that incorporate aspects from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) (now the National Academy of Medicine) as well as several US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) frameworks for systematic reviews. After a comprehensive literature search and selection process, study quality was evaluated following a method adapted from the EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) framework. The literature screening and selection process identified 24 primary studies in animals or humans and more than 50 mechanistic studies. Integrating epidemiological, animal, and mechanistic literature on ethylene oxide and cancer according to the IOM framework yielded classifications of suggestive evidence of no association between ethylene oxide and stomach cancer, breast cancer and lymphohematopoietic malignancies at human relevant exposures. However, we acknowledge that there is additional uncertainty in the classification for lymphohematopoietic malignancies owing to a paucity of evidence for specific types of these tumors, each of which is a distinct disease entity of possibly unique etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth A Mundt
- Cardno ChemRisk, Boston, MA, USA; University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen X, Wreyford R, Nasiri N. Recent Advances in Ethylene Gas Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15175813. [PMID: 36079195 PMCID: PMC9457196 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The real-time detecting and monitoring of ethylene gas molecules could benefit the agricultural, horticultural and healthcare industries. In this regard, we comprehensively review the current state-of-the-art ethylene gas sensors and detecting technologies, covering from preconcentrator-equipped gas chromatographic systems, Fourier transform infrared technology, photonic crystal fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, surface acoustic wave and photoacoustic sensors, printable optically colorimetric sensor arrays to a wide range of nanostructured chemiresistive gas sensors (including the potentiometric and amperometric-type FET-, CNT- and metal oxide-based sensors). The nanofabrication approaches, working conditions and sensing performance of these sensors/technologies are carefully discussed, and a possible roadmap for the development of ethylene detection in the near future is proposed.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu X, Kong X, Chen M, Shi S, Cheang I, Zhu Q, Lu X, Yue X, Tang Y, Liao S, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Yao W, Li X. Blood ethylene oxide, systemic inflammation, and serum lipid profiles: Results from NHANES 2013-2016. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134336. [PMID: 35337822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study aimed to explore the relationship between ethylene oxide (EO) exposure and serum lipid profiles as well as the mediation effect of systemic inflammation among the general adult population. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed NHANES data from 2013 to 2016, examining a total of 2721 participants. The EO biomarker (hemoglobin adduct of EO [HbEO]) was quantified in blood using a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method. The association among HbEO levels, inflammatory biomarkers, and four serum lipids was evaluated using a multivariable linear regression model. Mediating analysis was performed to examine the effect of inflammatory biomarkers on the relationship between HbEO levels and serum lipid profiles. RESULTS As the quartiles of HbEO increased, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) monotonically decreased (p for trend <0.001). Using the lowest quartile of HbEO as a reference, the percent change for HDL-C was 6.30% (95% CI: 3.89%, 8.71%) in the highest quartile of HbEO. HbEO levels were dose-dependently associated with triglycerides (TG) (p for trend = 0.001). The percent change in TG in the fourth quartile of HbEO was 17.24% (95% CI: 2.01%, 32.48%) compared to the first quartile. Overall, inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, alkaline phosphatase, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count) increased monotonically in correlation with increasing HbEO levels (all p for trend <0.01); were positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), TG, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); and were negatively associated with HDL-C. Additionally, inflammatory biomarkers strongly mediated the relationships between HbEO and HDL-C and TG with maximum mediated proportions of 21.40% and 33.40%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HbEO is closely linked to serum lipid profiles and that systemic inflammation may be a key mediator of this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Mengli Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shi Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Iokfai Cheang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xinyi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xin Yue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shengen Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Wenming Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rietjens IMCM, Michael A, Bolt HM, Siméon B, Andrea H, Nils H, Christine K, Angela M, Gloria P, Daniel R, Natalie T, Gerhard E. The role of endogenous versus exogenous sources in the exposome of putative genotoxins and consequences for risk assessment. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1297-1352. [PMID: 35249149 PMCID: PMC9013691 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The "totality" of the human exposure is conceived to encompass life-associated endogenous and exogenous aggregate exposures. Process-related contaminants (PRCs) are not only formed in foods by heat processing, but also occur endogenously in the organism as physiological components of energy metabolism, potentially also generated by the human microbiome. To arrive at a comprehensive risk assessment, it is necessary to understand the contribution of in vivo background occurrence as compared to the ingestion from exogenous sources. Hence, this review provides an overview of the knowledge on the contribution of endogenous exposure to the overall exposure to putative genotoxic food contaminants, namely ethanol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acrylamide, acrolein, α,β-unsaturated alkenals, glycation compounds, N-nitroso compounds, ethylene oxide, furans, 2- and 3-MCPD, and glycidyl esters. The evidence discussed herein allows to conclude that endogenous formation of some contaminants appears to contribute substantially to the exposome. This is of critical importance for risk assessment in the cases where endogenous exposure is suspected to outweigh the exogenous one (e.g. formaldehyde and acrolein).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Arand Michael
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hermann M Bolt
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Hartwig Andrea
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences (IAB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hinrichsen Nils
- Food Oils and Fats Research, ADM Hamburg AG, Research, Seehafenstraße 24, 21079, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kalisch Christine
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Mally Angela
- Department of Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Straße 9, 97078, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Pellegrino Gloria
- Scientific Affairs and Research, Luigi Lavazza SpA, Strada Settimo, 410, 10156, Turin, Italy
| | - Ribera Daniel
- Regulatory and Scientific Affairs EMEA, Cargill R&D, Havenstraat 84, 1800, Vivoorde, Belgium
| | - Thatcher Natalie
- Food Safety, Mondelez International, Bournville Lane, Birmingham, B30 2LU, UK
| | - Eisenbrand Gerhard
- Department of Toxicology and Food Chemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Kühler Grund 48/1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Monitored and Modeled Ambient Air Concentrations of Ethylene Oxide: Contextualizing Health Risk for Potentially Exposed Populations in Georgia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063364. [PMID: 35329049 PMCID: PMC8954488 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have monitored and modeled long-term ambient air concentrations of ethylene oxide (EO) around emitting facilities in Georgia with the intent of informing risk management of potentially exposed nearby residential populations. Providing health context for these data is challenging because the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s risk-specific concentrations lack practical utility in distinguishing a health significant increase in exposure. This study analyzes EO data for eight emitting facilities, using a previously published alternative exposure metric, the total equivalent concentration, which is based on U.S. Centers for Disease Control biomarker data for the non-smoking U.S. population. Mean concentrations for monitoring sites were compared to mean background concentrations to assess whether emissions contribute significantly to environmental concentrations. To assess the health significance of potential exposure at nearby residential locations, the 50th percentile concentration was added to the 50th percentile endogenous equivalent concentration and compared to the total equivalent concentration distribution for the non-smoking U.S. population. The findings demonstrate that impacts from nearby emission sources are small compared to mean background concentrations at nearby locations, and the total equivalent concentrations for exposed populations are generally indistinguishable from that of the 50th percentile for the non-smoking U.S. population.
Collapse
|
27
|
Cheang I, Zhu X, Zhu Q, Li M, Liao S, Zuo Z, Yao W, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Li X. Inverse association between blood ethylene oxide levels and obesity in the general population: NHANES 2013-2016. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:926971. [PMID: 36171904 PMCID: PMC9510609 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.926971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethylene oxide (EO) has been shown to associate with increased cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to explore the relationship and its meditating factors between EO exposure and the major cardiovascular risk factor of obesity among the general adult population. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 3,220 participants from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2016 were enrolled. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥102 cm in men and ≥88 cm in women. The association among hemoglobin adduct of EO (HbEO), inflammatory biomarkers, and obesity was evaluated using restricted cubic splines and the multivariable linear regression model. Mediation analysis was used to further assess their association. RESULTS The increased quartiles of HbEO were inversely associated with BMI and WC [Q1 vs. Q4, BMI: β = -2.98 (-3.74, -2.22), WC: β = -6.50 (-8.60, -4.39); all p for trend < 0.05], and were inversely associated with obesity after full adjustment [obesity: OR = 0.43 (0.31, 0.58), abdominal obesity: OR = 0.42 (0.27, 0.65); all p for trend < 0.05]. The levels of alkaline phosphatase, white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils were also positively associated with BMI and WC (all p < 0.05). Mediation analysis showed that exposure of EO not only had a negative direct effect on BMI and WC, but also generated an inverse indirect effect. CONCLUSIONS Current findings showed an inverse association between HbEO and obesity, and suggested that systemic inflammation may not be their only mediator. Additional research is required to explore the underlying link of EO and system metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iokfai Cheang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Menghuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengen Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenming Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinli Li,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Guo J, Wan Z, Cui G, Pan A, Liu G. Association of exposure to ethylene oxide with risk of diabetes mellitus: results from NHANES 2013-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:68551-68559. [PMID: 34273079 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies suggested that exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) might induce hepatic lipid peroxidation and inflammatory lesions in various organs. However, the association between EO exposure and diabetes risk in humans is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association of EO exposure with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a general population of US adults. This study consisted of 3448 participants aged 20 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 cycle and 2015-2016 cycle. Circulating levels of EO biomarker (hemoglobin adducts of EO (HbEO)) was measured by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression. The weighted median level of HbEO was 29.9 (95% CI: 21.8, 56.0) pmol/g Hb. Elevated levels of HbEO were associated with higher HbA1c and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (both Ptrend <0.01). After multivariate adjustment including demographics, lifestyle factors, and body mass index (BMI), higher HbEO levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The OR (95% CI) of diabetes across increasing quartiles of HbEO was 1.00 (reference), 1.45 (1.08, 1.96), 1.76 (1.31, 2.36), and 1.77 (1.22, 2.57), respectively (Ptrend <0.001). Similar results were observed when analyses were stratified by smoking status, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and BMI. In a nationally representative sample of US adults, higher levels of HbEO were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kenwood BM, McLoughlin C, Zhang L, Zhu W, Bhandari D, De Jesús VR, Blount BC. Characterization of the association between cigarette smoking intensity and urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyethyl mercapturic acid among exclusive cigarette smokers in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2016. Biomarkers 2021; 26:656-664. [PMID: 34409911 PMCID: PMC8517914 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1970809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2-Hydroxyethyl mercapturic acid (2HEMA, N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine) is a urinary metabolite of several volatile organic compounds including acrylonitrile and ethylene oxide, which are found in cigarette smoke. METHODS We measured 2HEMA concentrations in urine specimens collected during the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2016) from eligible participants aged >12 years (N = 7,416). We developed two multiple linear regression models to characterize the association between cigarette smoking and 2HEMA concentrations wherein the dependent variable was 2HEMA concentrations among participants who exclusively smoked cigarettes at the time of specimen collection and the independent variables included sex, age, race/ethnicity, creatinine, diet, and either cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) or serum cotinine. RESULTS We detected 2HEMA in 85% of samples tested among exclusive cigarette smokers, and only 40% of specimens from non-smokers. When compared to exclusive cigarette smokers who smoked 1-9 CPD, smoking 10-19 CPD was associated with 36% higher 2HEMA (p < 0.0001) and smoking >19 CPD was associated with 61% higher 2HEMA (p < 0.0001). Additionally, 2HEMA was positively associated with serum cotinine. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that cigarette smoking intensity is associated with higher urinary 2HEMA concentrations and is likely a major source of acrylonitrile and/or ethylene oxide exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Kenwood
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Caitlyn McLoughlin
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luyu Zhang
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wanzhe Zhu
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Deepak Bhandari
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Víctor R De Jesús
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Benjamin C Blount
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sheehan PJ, Lewis RC, Kirman CR, Watson HN, Winegar ED, Bus JS. Ethylene Oxide Exposure in U.S. Populations Residing Near Sterilization and Other Industrial Facilities: Context Based on Endogenous and Total Equivalent Concentration Exposures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020607. [PMID: 33445726 PMCID: PMC7828163 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given ubiquitous human exposure to ethylene oxide (EO), regardless of occupation or geography, the current risk-specific concentrations (RSCs: 0.0001-0.01 ppb) from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cancer risk assessment for EO are not useful metrics for managing EO exposures to the general U.S. population. The magnitude of the RSCs for EO are so low, relative to typical endogenous equivalent metabolic concentrations (1.1-5.5 ppb) that contribute ~93% of total exposure, that the RSCs provide little utility in identifying excess environmental exposures that might increase cancer risk. EO monitoring data collected in the vicinity of eight EO-emitting facilities and corresponding background locations were used to characterize potential excess exogenous concentrations. Both 50th and 90th percentile exogenous exposure concentrations were combined with the 50th percentile endogenous exposure concentration for the nonsmoking population, and then compared to percentiles of total equivalent concentration for this population. No potential total exposure concentration for these local populations exceeded the normal total equivalent concentration 95th percentile, indicating that excess facility-related exposures are unlikely to require additional management to protect public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan C Lewis
- Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | | | | | | | - James S Bus
- Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| |
Collapse
|