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Bogie BJM, Noël C, Alftieh A, MacDonald J, Lei YT, Mongeon J, Mayaud C, Dans P, Guimond S. Verbal memory impairments in mood disorders and psychotic disorders: A systematic review of comparative studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110891. [PMID: 37931773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood and psychotic disorders are both associated with verbal memory impairments. Verbal memory represents an important treatment target for both disorders. However, whether the neurocognitive and neurophysiological profiles of verbal memory impairments differ between specific disorders within these two diagnostic categories and healthy controls remains unclear. The current systematic review synthesized findings from comparative studies which used behavioural and neuroimaging tasks to investigate verbal memory impairments between: (1) mood disorder, psychotic disorder, and healthy control groups; and (2) mood disorder without psychotic features, mood disorder with psychotic features, and healthy control groups. METHODS The search strategy combined terms related to three main concepts: 'mood disorders', 'psychotic disorders', and 'verbal memory'. Searches were executed in Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and PubMed databases. A total of 38 articles met the full eligibility criteria and were included in the final narrative synthesis. Findings were stratified by memory domain (overall composite score, verbal working memory, immediate recall, delayed recall, and recognition memory) and by illness phase (acute and non-acute). RESULTS Mood and psychotic disorders displayed consistent verbal memory impairments compared to healthy controls during the acute and non-acute phases. Few significant differences were identified in the literature between mood and psychotic disorders, and between mood disorders with and without psychotic features. Individuals with schizophrenia were found to have decreased immediate and delayed verbal recall performance compared to bipolar disorder groups during the acute phase. Major depressive disorder groups with psychotic features were also found to have decreased delayed verbal recall performance compared to those without psychosis during the acute phase. No consistent differences were identified between mood and psychotic disorders during the non-acute phase. Finally, preliminary evidence suggests there may be functional abnormalities in important frontal and temporal brain regions related to verbal memory difficulties in both mood and psychotic disorders. DISCUSSION The current findings have potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairments in mood and psychotic disorders. Verbal recall memory may serve as a sensitive tool in the risk stratification of cognitive impairments for certain mood and psychotic disorders. Moreover, since no widespread differences between clinical groups were identified, the evidence supports providing targeted interventions for verbal memory, such as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, through a trans-diagnostic approach in mood and psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce J M Bogie
- MD/PhD Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Chelsea Noël
- Department of Psychology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmad Alftieh
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia MacDonald
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ya Ting Lei
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Jamie Mongeon
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Mayaud
- Department of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Dans
- Temerty Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Weijers JG, van Kaam F, Selten JP, de Winter RFP, ten Kate C. Diverging effects of mentalization based treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia: an explorative comparison. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1226507. [PMID: 37692309 PMCID: PMC10485774 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1226507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is robust evidence that both patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) display mentalizing difficulties. Less is known however about differences in the way mentalization based treatment (MBT) impacts mentalizing capacity in SCZ and BPD patients. This study compares the impact of MBT on mentalizing capacity in individuals with SCZ and BPD. Method The thematic apperception test was used to measure mentalizing capacity. It was administered at the beginning and end of treatment to 26 patients with SCZ and 28 patients with BPD who enrolled in an 18-month long MBT program. For comparison a sample of 28 SCZ patients who did not receive MBT was also included. Using the social cognition and object-relations system, these narratives were analyzed and scored. Missing data was imputed and analyzed using intention-to-treat ANCOVAs with post-treatment measures of mentalizing capacity as dependent variables, group type as independent variable and baseline mentalizing capacities as covariates. Results Results showed that patients with BPD showed significantly more improvement on several measures of mentalizing, including complexity of representation (ηp2 = 0.50, ppooled < 0.001), understanding of social causality (ηp2 = 0.41, ppooled < 0.001) and emotional investment in relationships (ηp2 = 0.41, ppooled < 0.001) compared to patients with SCZ who received MBT. No differences were found regarding affect-tone of relationships (ηp2 = 0.04, ppooled = 0.36). SCZ patients who received MBT showed greater performance on understanding of social causality (ηp2 = 0.12, ppooled = 0.01) compared to SCZ patients who did not receive MBT, but no differences were observed on complexity of representations, capacity for emotional investment or affect-tone of relationships. Discussion Patients with BPD performed better after receiving MBT on three dimensions of mentalizing capacity than SCZ patients who received MBT. Remarkably, SCZ patients who received MBT performed better on one dimension of mentalizing capacity compared to SCZ patients who did not receive MBT. Whereas MBT for BPD clearly involves improvement on most aspects of mentalizing, MBT for SCZ seems to thwart a further decline of other-oriented, cognitive mentalizing. Treatment goals should be adapted toward these disorder-specific characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas G. Weijers
- GGZ Rivierduinen, Institute for Mental Health Care, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Fleur van Kaam
- GGZ Rivierduinen, Institute for Mental Health Care, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Selten
- GGZ Rivierduinen, Institute for Mental Health Care, Leiden, Netherlands
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Remco F. P. de Winter
- GGZ Rivierduinen, Institute for Mental Health Care, Leiden, Netherlands
- MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Coriene ten Kate
- GGZ Rivierduinen, Institute for Mental Health Care, Leiden, Netherlands
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Tschentscher N, Woll CFJ, Tafelmaier JC, Kriesche D, Bucher JC, Engel RR, Karch S. Neurocognitive Deficits in First-Episode and Chronic Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review from 2009 to 2022. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020299. [PMID: 36831842 PMCID: PMC9954070 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders has been discussed as a strong predictor for multiple disease outcome variables, such as response to psychotherapy, stable relationships, employment, and longevity. However, the consistency and severity of cognitive deficits across multiple domains in individuals with first-episode and chronic psychotic disorders is still undetermined. We provide a comprehensive overview of primary research from the years 2009 to 2022. Based on a Cochrane risk assessment, a systematic synthesis of 51 out of 3669 original studies was performed. Impairment of cognitive functioning in patients diagnosed with first-episode psychotic disorders compared with healthy controls was predicted to occur in all assessed cognitive domains. Few overall changes were predicted for chronically affected patients relative to those in the first-episode stage, in line with previous longitudinal studies. Our research outcomes support the hypothesis of a global decrease in cognitive functioning in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders, i.e., the occurrence of cognitive deficits in multiple cognitive domains including executive functioning, memory, working memory, psychomotor speed, and attention. Only mild increases in the frequency of cognitive impairment across studies were observed at the chronically affected stage relative to the first-episode stage. Our results confirm and extend the outcomes from prior reviews and meta-analyses. Recommendations for psychotherapeutic interventions are provided, considering the broad cognitive impairment already observed at the stage of the first episode. Based on the risk of bias assessment, we also make specific suggestions concerning the quality of future original studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Tschentscher
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian F. J. Woll
- Section of Clinical Psychology of Children and Adolescents, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia C. Tafelmaier
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Kriesche
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia C. Bucher
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf R. Engel
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Karch
- Section of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Hospital Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Stefanatou P, Xenaki LA, Karagiorgas I, Ntigrintaki AA, Giannouli E, Malogiannis IA, Konstantakopoulos G. Fear of COVID-19 Impact on Professional Quality of Life among Mental Health Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9949. [PMID: 36011583 PMCID: PMC9408175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Several studies have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers' mental health, but only a few have investigated its detrimental effect on the mental well-being of mental health workers (MHWs). BACKGROUND The current study aimed to explore the effect of the fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19) on professional quality of life dimensions, namely compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in MHWs above and beyond sociodemographic and professional factors. METHODS Hierarchical linear regression models were employed to examine the relationship of extreme FCV-19 with CS, BO, and STS in MHWs (n = 224), after considering sociodemographic variables as potential confounding factors. Extreme FCV-19 was operationalized as a binary variable with a cut-off score of ≥16.5 considered as extreme fear. RESULTS We found that extreme FCV-19 in MHWs is linked with increased compassion fatigue (BO and STS), and this relationship is exacerbated by younger age in regard to BO and by female gender concerning STS. CS remains unaffected by severe FCV-19, and it is higher in older participants. CONCLUSION Organizational support is required to protect MHWs' mental well-being and ensure the quality of care they provide during prolonged crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Measures that intensify a sense of safety, protection, and control against COVID-19 infections in mental health services should be included in the recommendations that may reduce BO and STS among MHWs.
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Leddy S, Cercignani M, Serra L, Bozzali M. Social cognition in type 1 myotonic dystrophy - A mini review. Cortex 2021; 142:389-399. [PMID: 34154799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our ability to interact with those around us plays an important role in our relationships, mental well being and ability to successfully navigate the complex social society in which we live. Research in social cognitive neuroscience aims to understand the underlying neurobiology of our social behaviours and interactions with others. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a genetically inherited neuromuscular disorder characterized by mytonia with systemic manifestations such as cardiac disease, respiratory insufficiency, ophthalmic complications, diabetes and frontal balding among others. Individuals with myotonic dystophy have been found to have widespread changes throughout the brain in both grey and white matter territories. They have been noted to experience difficulty with social cognitive function, and to more frequently display atypical personality traits leading to often unrecognized difficulties with everyday life. In this mini review we explore the anatomical basis of social cognition, current techniques for measuring and investigating this impairment including facial emotion recognition and theory of mind. We examine the evidence for general cognitive dysfunction, autism spectrum and personality disorders in DM1. Throughout the review we discuss neuroimaging highlights relevant to social cognition in DM1. Finally, we discuss practical implications relevant to managing people with myotonic dystrophy and highlight future research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Leddy
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom; Brighton and Sussex University Hospital Trust, Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Mara Cercignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom; Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Serra
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bozzali
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom; 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
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