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Shizukuda Y, Rosing DR. Hereditary hemochromatosis with homozygous C282Y HFE mutation: possible clinical model to assess effects of elevated reactive oxygen species on the development of cardiovascular disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:617-627. [PMID: 37133674 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary hemochromatosis with the homozygous C282Y HFE mutation (HH-282H) is a genetic condition which causes iron overload (IO) and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to the IO. Interestingly, even after successful iron removal therapy, HH-282H subjects demonstrate chronically elevated ROS. Raised ROS are also associated with the development of multiple cardiovascular diseases and HH-282H subjects may be at risk to develop these complications. In this narrative review, we consider HH-282H subjects as a clinical model for assessing the contribution of elevated ROS to the development of cardiovascular diseases in subjects with fewer confounding clinical risk factors as compared to other disease conditions with high ROS. We identify HH-282H subjects as a potentially unique clinical model to assess the impact of chronically elevated ROS on the development of cardiovascular disease and to serve as a clinical model to detect effective interventions for anti-ROS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukitaka Shizukuda
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - Douglas R Rosing
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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2
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Wei L, Gosselin F. Untangling the impact of plantation type and functional traits on ecosystem nutrient stocks in an experimentally restored forest ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167602. [PMID: 37806574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of ecological restoration is recovering biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. While a functional trait-based approach can help understand community assembly and ecosystem function recovery during ecological restoration, there still exists a knowledge gap in assessing how functional traits indicate the mediating roles of the plant community in response to forest restoration effects on ecosystem functions. This study applied the "response-effect trait" framework to investigate experimentally whether the treatment of plantation type has an impact on community trait compositions, which in turn could affect forest ecosystem nutrient stocks - here, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stocks in tree, understory, litter and soil pools at an experimental station in subtropical China. We used structural equation models (SEMs) to examine the relationships among plantation type, community weighted mean of traits, and nutrient stocks in each pool. Our results show that most of the tree and understory traits studied were response traits to plantation type. Moreover, certain traits played a significant role in mediating plantation-type effects on C, N and P stocks for understory pool (e.g., understory stem specific density and specific leaf area, tree leaf phosphorus content), and for litter and soil pools (e.g., tree leaf carbon or phosphorus content, understory specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen or phosphorus content), known as "response-effect traits". For the tree pool, only effect traits, and no "response-effect" tree traits, were found for the N stock. Total effects of SEMs indicated that, understory or tree traits can have a greater impact than plantation type on understory or litter C, N or P stocks. After approximately 35 years of natural restoration, exotic plantations exhibited a different community trait characteristic from native plantations. The important roles of traits in mediating the effects of plantation type on non-tree pool C, N and P stocks were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wei
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Frédéric Gosselin
- INRAE, UR EFNO, Domaine des Barres, F-45290 Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France
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Pirhadi-Tavandashti N, Imani H, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Samavat S, Hakemi MS. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on biomarkers of endothelial function and inflammation among hemodialysis patients: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2020; 49:102357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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4
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Eldridge RC, Wentzensen N, Pfeiffer RM, Brinton LA, Hartge P, Guillemette C, Kemp TJ, Pinto LA, Trabert B. Endogenous estradiol and inflammation biomarkers: potential interacting mechanisms of obesity-related disease. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:309-320. [PMID: 32100190 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disentangling the effects of endogenous estrogens and inflammation on obesity-related diseases requires a clearer understanding of how the two biological mechanisms relate to each other. METHODS We studied 155 healthy postmenopausal women not taking menopausal hormone therapy enrolled in the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) screening cancer trial. From a baseline blood draw, we measured endogenous estradiol and 69 inflammation biomarkers: cytokines, chemokines, adipokines, angiogenic factors, growth factors, acute phase proteins, and soluble receptors. We evaluated the estradiol-inflammation relationship by assessing associations across different models (linear, ordinal logistic, and binary logistic) using a variety of estradiol classifications. We additionally investigated the estradiol-inflammation relationship stratified by baseline obesity status (BMI < 30 stratum and BMI > 30 stratum). RESULTS Associations of estradiol with 7 inflammation biomarkers met p < 0.05 statistical significance in linear and ordinal models: C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-6, thymus activation-regulated chemokine, eosinophil chemotactic protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and serum amyloid A. The positive association between estradiol and CRP was robust to model changes. Each standard deviation increase in endogenous estradiol doubled a woman's odds of having CRP levels higher than the study median (odds ratio 2.29; 95% confidence interval 1.28, 4.09). Estradiol was consistently inversely associated with adiponectin. Other estradiol-inflammation biomarker associations were not robust to model changes. CONCLUSIONS Endogenous estradiol appears to be associated with CRP and adiponectin; the evidence is limited for other inflammation biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. .,Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Louise A Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Troy J Kemp
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ligia A Pinto
- HPV Immunology Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Abstract
Dementia is an overarching term which describes a group of symptoms that result in long-term decline in cognitive functioning that is significant enough to affect daily function. It is caused by a number of different diseases, the most common of which is Alzheimer's disease. Currently, there are no definitive biomarkers for preclinical or diagnostic use, or which differentiate between underlying disease types. The purpose of this review is to highlight several important areas of research on blood-based biomarkers of dementia, with a specific focus on epigenetic biomarkers. A systematic search of the literature identified 77 studies that compared blood DNA methylation between individuals with dementia and controls and 45 studies that measured microRNA. Very few studies were identified that focused on histone modifications. There were many promising findings from studies in the field of blood-based epigenetic biomarkers of dementia, however, a lack of consistency in study design, technologies, and platforms used for the biomarker measurement, as well as statistical analysis methods, have hampered progress. To date, there are very few findings that have been independently replicated across more than one study, indicating a preponderance of false-positive findings and the field has likely been plagued by positive publication bias. Here, we highlight and discuss several of the limitations of existing studies and provide recommendations for how these could be overcome in future research. A robust framework should be followed to enable development of the most valid and reproducible biomarkers with the strongest clinical utility. Defining a series of biomarkers that may be complimentary to each other could permit a stronger multifactorial biomarker to be developed that would allow for not only accurate dementia diagnosis but preclinical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Fransquet
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville , Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,Disease Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Parkville , Australia
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Bang S, Son S, Kim S, Shin H. Disease Pathway Cut for Multi-Target drugs. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:74. [PMID: 30760209 PMCID: PMC6483058 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-2638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biomarker discovery studies have been moving the focus from a single target gene to a set of target genes. However, the number of target genes in a drug should be minimum to avoid drug side-effect or toxicity. But still, the set of target genes should effectively block all possible paths of disease progression. Methods In this article, we propose a network based computational analysis for target gene identification for multi-target drugs. The min-cut algorithm is employed to cut all the paths from onset genes to apoptotic genes on a disease pathway. If the pathway network is completely disconnected, development of disease will not further go on. The genes corresponding to the end points of the cutting edges are identified as candidate target genes for a multi-target drug. Results and conclusions The proposed method was applied to 10 disease pathways. In total, thirty candidate genes were suggested. The result was validated with gene set enrichment analysis software, PubMed literature review and de facto drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjoo Bang
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ajou University, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjoon Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ajou University, 206, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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Abdulla KA, Um CY, Gross MD, Bostick RM. Circulating γ-Tocopherol Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with Antioxidant Exposures and Directly Associated with Systemic Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Adults. J Nutr 2018; 148:1453-1461. [PMID: 30184224 PMCID: PMC6669952 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although α- and γ-tocopherol are co-consumed antioxidants, circulating γ-tocopherol concentrations were paradoxically found to be inversely associated with total vitamin E intake and circulating α-tocopherol concentrations. There are limited data on this apparent paradox or on determinants of circulating γ-tocopherol concentrations. Objective To help clarify possible determinants of circulating γ-tocopherol concentrations, we investigated associations of circulating γ-tocopherol concentrations with various dietary and lifestyle factors and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Methods We pooled cross-sectional data from 2 outpatient, adult, elective colonoscopy populations (pooled n = 419) on whom extensive dietary, lifestyle, and medical information was collected, and the following plasma concentrations were measured: α- and γ-tocopherol (via HPLC), F2-isoprostanes (FiPs; via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; via latex-enhanced immunonephelometry). Multivariable general linear models were used to assess mean γ-tocopherol differences across quantiles of plasma antioxidant micronutrients, FiPs, and hsCRP; an oxidative balance score [OBS; a composite of anti- and pro-oxidant dietary and lifestyle exposures (a higher score indicates higher antioxidant relative to pro-oxidant exposures)]; and multiple dietary and lifestyle factors. Results Adjusted for serum total cholesterol, mean γ-tocopherol concentrations among those in the highest relative to the lowest tertiles of circulating α-tocopherol and β-carotene, the OBS, and total calcium and dietary fiber intakes were 31.0% (P < 0.0001), 29.0% (P < 0.0001), 27.6% (P = 0.0001), 29.7% (P < 0.0001), and 18.6% (P = 0.008) lower, respectively. For those in the highest relative to the lowest tertiles of circulating FiPs and hsCRP, mean γ-tocopherol concentrations were 50% (P < 0.0001) and 39.0% (P < 0.0001) higher, respectively. Conclusions These findings support the conclusion that circulating γ-tocopherol concentrations are inversely associated with antioxidant exposures and directly associated with systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in adults. Additional research on possible mechanisms underlying these findings and on whether circulating γ-tocopherol may serve as a biomarker of oxidative stress, inflammation, or both is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennadiid A Abdulla
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Caroline Y Um
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Myron D Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA,Address correspondence to RMB (e-mail: )
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Eldridge RC, Goodman M, Bostick RM, Fedirko V, Gross M, Thyagarajan B, Flanders WD. A Novel Application of Structural Equation Modeling Estimates the Association between Oxidative Stress and Colorectal Adenoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 11:52-58. [PMID: 29074536 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In vitro evidence implicates oxidative stress in many adverse health conditions, including colorectal neoplasia. In human studies, however, oxidative stress is measured by imperfect biomarkers, which are inconsistently associated with health outcomes. Structural equation modeling (SEM) offers one possible solution by modeling a latent (unobserved) construct from multiple biomarkers. Our goal was to investigate the association of a latent oxidative stress variable with colorectal adenoma. Using SEM, we analyzed pooled data from two cross-sectional studies of colorectal adenoma (n = 526) that measured five plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation that comprised the latent oxidative stress variable: F2-isoprostanes (FIP), fluorescent oxidation products (FOP), mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA) copy number, γ-tocopherol (Gtoc), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Higher levels of oxidative stress were associated with colorectal adenoma [OR = 3.23 per SD increase in oxidative stress; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-8.18]. The latent variable estimate was considerably stronger than the associations of adenoma with the individual biomarkers, which were modest and mostly nonsignificant. Risk factors were associated with adenoma via the oxidative stress pathway, particularly overweight and obesity with an OR = 1.50; 95% CI, 1.10-2.81; and OR = 2.95; 95% CI, 1.28-12.45, respectively. Oxidative stress may be positively associated with colorectal adenoma, and important risk factors may act through this mechanism, but the cross-sectional design of the current study precludes observing the directionality of associations. The presence of an adenoma could affect levels of the circulating biomarkers; thus, we should be cautious of strong conclusions until the findings are replicated in a follow-up study. Cancer Prev Res; 11(1); 52-58. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Eldridge
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Michael Goodman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Roberd M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - W Dana Flanders
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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