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Zhang T, Li T, Huang S, Zhang H, Xu X, Zheng H, Zhong Q, Gao Y, Wang T, Zhu Y, Liu H, Shen Y. Neural correlates of impaired learning and recognition of novel faces in mild cognitive impairment. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 160:28-37. [PMID: 38368702 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Face memory impairment significantly affects social interactions and daily functioning in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). While deficits in recognizing familiar faces among individuals with MCI have been reported, their ability to learn and recognize unfamiliar faces remains unclear. This study examined the behavioral performance and event-related potentials (ERPs) of unfamiliar face memorization and recognition in MCI. METHODS Fifteen individuals with MCI and 15 healthy controls learned and recognized 90 unfamiliar neutral faces. Their performance accuracy and cortical ERPs were compared between the two groups across the learning and recognition phases. RESULTS Individuals with MCI had lower accuracy in identifying newly learned faces than healthy controls. Moreover, individuals with MCI had reduced occipitotemporal N170 and central vertex positive potential responses during both the learning and recognition phases, suggesting impaired initial face processing and attentional resources allocation. Also, individuals with MCI had reduced central N200 and frontal P300 responses during the recognition phase, suggesting impaired later-stage face recognition and attention engagement. CONCLUSION These findings provide neurobehavioral evidence for impaired learning and recognition of unfamiliar faces in individuals with MCI. SIGNIFICANCE Individuals with MCI may have face memory deficits in both early-stage face processing and later-stage recognition .
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Tingni Li
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sisi Huang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hangbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Department of Psychology, Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Xingjun Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Yaxin Gao
- Rehabilitation Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Hanjun Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ying Shen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Eraslan Boz H, Koçoğlu K, Akkoyun M, Tüfekci IY, Ekin M, Akdal G. Eye movement patterns during viewing face images with neutral expressions in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3232. [PMID: 37605291 PMCID: PMC10636417 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology affects the brain regions responsible for visuospatial skills. Accumulating evidence points to visual difficulties involving face processing in AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). No study has so far examined eye movement patterns when viewing faces with neutral expressions in patients with AD. AIM The objective of this study aimed to examine the eye movements of patients with early-stage AD, aMCI, and healthy controls (HC) during viewing face images. MATERIALS&METHODS Thirty-one AD, 37 aMCI, and 33 HC were included in the study. Eye movements in facial stimuli were recorded with the EyeLink 1000 Plus eye-tracker. RESULTS Our findings showed that AD patients looked less at the eye area of interest than the nose and mouth areas of interest compared to aMCI and HC. Regardless of the group, all participants looked at the eye and nose areas of interest more and longer in the mouth area of interest. In addition, the first fixation duration to the eye area of interest of all participants was shorter than that of the nose and mouth. DISCUSSION Consistent with our study, studies in healthy adults revealed eye movement patterns that focused more on the eyes and nose. AD patients are unable to pay attention to the salient parts of faces, tending to focus instead on the non-informative parts. CONCLUSION Our study is the first to reveal eye movement differences in face processing in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Eraslan Boz
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
- Department of Neurology, Unit of NeuropsychologyDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
| | - Koray Koçoğlu
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
| | - Müge Akkoyun
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
| | - Işıl Yağmur Tüfekci
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
| | - Merve Ekin
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
| | - Gülden Akdal
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Health SciencesDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
- Department of NeurologyDokuz Eylül UniversityIzmirTürkiye
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Chehrehnegar N, Nejati V, Shati M, Rashedi V, Lotfi M, Adelirad F, Foroughan M. Early detection of cognitive disturbances in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of observational studies. Psychogeriatrics 2020; 20:212-228. [PMID: 31808989 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate state between normal cognition and early dementia and is not considered as a typical outcome of brain aging. It has been estimated that 10% to 20% of individuals above 65 years of age will be diagnosed as having MCI. The increased rate of dementia and the importance of early detection of its forerunners have encouraged researchers to focus on detecting MCI and modifiable risk factors with the hope of developing better ways of managing dementia and its consequences. The main aim of this study was to systematically review the related literature concerning the cognitive changes in the spectrum of cognitive aging to cognitive impairment. Articles included in this review were identified through searching the databases of PubMed, Psych Info, Embase, ProQuest, and Scopus. Many domains like verbal memory, language, executive function, visual memory, attentional skills, and working memory showed acceptable predictive power. Testing subdomains such as executive function, speed of processing, working memory and semantic language are critical and others may indicate some suggestions for further clinical deteriorations in normal individuals. Although various cognitive instruments have been used for evaluation of impaired cognitive domains, it remains challenging to select the most appropriate ones having high-level accuracy and their related cognitive subdomains. It also revealed that none of the identified cognitive domains solely fulfilled the criteria for MCI screening; in clinical settings, multiple neuropsychological batteries may be used for one single cognitive domain, while longitudinal studies prefer the use of at least two cognitive measures for each domain to improve accuracy and research settings might focus on only a single neuropsychological test. However, along with episodic memory, testing for amnestic MCI, executive function could increase the chance of early detection of MCI. Executive control has been found to deteriorate the earliest in MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Chehrehnegar
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Occupational Therapy Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Nejati
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Behehsti University Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shati
- Mental Health Research Centre, School of Behavioural Science and Mental health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashedi
- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadsajad Lotfi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Adelirad
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Foroughan
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kawagoe T, Kihara K, Teramoto W. Eastern observers cannot inhibit their gaze to eye and nose regions in face perception. Conscious Cogn 2020; 79:102881. [PMID: 32000065 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been found that Western observers cannot inhibit their gaze to the eye region, even if they are told to avoid doing so when they observe face stimuli because of the importance of the eye region. However, studies indicate that the nose region is more important for face processing among Eastern observers. We used the "don't look" paradigm with Eastern observers, in which participants were told to avoid fixating on a specific region (eye, nose, and mouth). The results extend previous findings as both the eye and nose regions attracted their gaze. Interestingly, the fixation behaviors differed for the eyes and nose in terms of the time-dependent view, in which reflexive saccades to the eye with a persistent fixation to the nose were observed. The nose regions could have stronger attractiveness than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Kawagoe
- College of Contemporary Psychology, Rikkyo University, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Kihara
- Division of Cognitive Psychology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Teramoto
- Division of Cognitive Psychology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Rahmani F, Fathi M, kazemi M, Bahadori E. Recognition of Famous and Unfamiliar Faces among Patients Suffering from Amnesia Mild Cognitive Impairment (AMCI) and Alzheimer's Disease. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2019; 14:227-235. [PMID: 31598126 PMCID: PMC6778608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Memory assessment for the early diagnosis of cortical dementia is a complicated process which depends on important factors such as facial recognition and naming. These factors could be considered to carry a predictive power to detect neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aimed to study and compare naming or recognizing famous faces with the recognition of newly learned faces among patients with Amnesia Mild Cognitive Impairment (AMCI) and Alzheimer's disease. Method : To collect data, 60 AMCI patients, 62 patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, and 63 cognitively healthy individuals were assessed using Wechsler Memory Scale-III Faces test (WMS-III faces) and Famous Faces test. Results: The results of one-way ANOVA indicated that the patients suffering from AMCI and Alzheimer's disease scored significantly worse than the control group on naming (p < 0.001), recognition (p < 0.001) section of the Famous Faces test, and immediate or delayed recognition on the WMS-III Faces test (p < 0.001). Also, the obtained results showed that the patients groups received lower scores on WMS-III Faces compared to the Famous Faces test. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the unfamiliar and Famous Faces tests allow the quantification of patients' face recognition and name recall abilities which, in turn, makes it possible to make more accurate predictions about cases of dementia. These tests can be used for clinical and research purposes to screen those who may be prone to dementia and need further neuropsychological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Rahmani
- Department of Psychology, Neuropsychological Assessment in Memory Clinic, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Address: Department of Psychology, Neuropsychological Assessment in Memory Clinic, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Tel: 98-9173227395, Fax: 98-7142528431,
| | - Majdoddin Fathi
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychological Counseling in Rasti Clinic, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam kazemi
- Department of Psychology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bahadori
- Neuropsychological Assessments in Mehr Clinic, Shiraz, Iran
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Lithfous S, Rossion B. Electrophysiological individual face adaptation effects with fast periodic visual stimulation resist long interruptions in adaptation. Biol Psychol 2018; 133:4-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kawagoe T, Matsushita M, Hashimoto M, Ikeda M, Sekiyama K. Face-specific memory deficits and changes in eye scanning patterns among patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14344. [PMID: 29085022 PMCID: PMC5662773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies have shown functional and structural degradation of the fusiform face area, which is a core region for face processing, in addition to medial temporal lobe degradation. We predicted that patients with aMCI exhibit a loss of face processing and/or face memory, accompanied by abnormal eye scanning patterns, since patients who have deficits in face perception (i.e. prosopagnosia) exhibit such tendencies. Eighteen patients with aMCI and age-matched healthy controls were tested for perception and short-term memory of visually presented faces and houses while their gaze was recorded. Patients with aMCI showed a decline in memory, compared with control observers, for faces, but not for houses. Patients looked more at the mouth of faces, compared with control observers. We demonstrate here the loss of short-term face memory in aMCI with abnormal scanning patterns that might reflect the cerebral abnormality found in patients with aMCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Kawagoe
- Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan.
| | - Masateru Matsushita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mamoru Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Ikeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sekiyama
- Faculty of Letters, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Lavallée MM, Gandini D, Rouleau I, Vallet GT, Joannette M, Kergoat MJ, Busigny T, Rossion B, Joubert S. A Qualitative Impairment in Face Perception in Alzheimer’s Disease: Evidence from a Reduced Face Inversion Effect. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 51:1225-36. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-151027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Maxime Lavallée
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Delphine Gandini
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Guillaume T. Vallet
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Maude Joannette
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Clinique de cognition, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Thomas Busigny
- CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologique et institut de Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologique et institut de Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, Canada
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Braverman ER, Blum K, Hussman KL, Han D, Dushaj K, Li M, Marin G, Badgaiyan RD, Smayda R, Gold MS. Evoked Potentials and Memory/Cognition Tests Validate Brain Atrophy as Measured by 3T MRI (NeuroQuant) in Cognitively Impaired Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133609. [PMID: 26244349 PMCID: PMC4526533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To our knowledge, this is the largest study evaluating relationships between 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and P300 and memory/cognitive tests in the literature. The 3T MRI using NeuroQuant has an increased resolution 15 times that of 1.5T MRI. Utilizing NeuroQuant 3T MRI as a diagnostic tool in primary care, subjects (N=169; 19–90 years) displayed increased areas of anatomical atrophy: 34.62% hippocampal atrophy (N=54), 57.14% central atrophy (N=88), and 44.52% temporal atrophy (N=69). A majority of these patients exhibited overlap in measured areas of atrophy and were cognitively impaired. These results positively correlated with decreased P300 values and WMS-III (WMS-III) scores differentially across various brain loci. Delayed latency (p=0.0740) was marginally associated with temporal atrophy; reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in frontal lobes correlated with aging, delayed P300 latency, and decreased visual and working memory (p=0.0115). Aging and delayed P300 latency correlated with lower FA. The correlation between working memory and reduced FA in frontal lobes is marginally significant (p=0.0787). In the centrum semiovale (CS), reduced FA correlated with visual memory (p=0.0622). Lower demyelination correlated with higher P300 amplitude (p=0.0002). Compared to males, females have higher demyelination (p=0.0064). Along these lines, the higher the P300 amplitude, the lower the bilateral atrophy (p=0.0165). Hippocampal atrophy correlated with increased auditory memory and gender, especially in males (p=0.0087). In considering temporal lobe atrophy correlations: delayed P300 latency and high temporal atrophy (p=0.0740); high auditory memory and low temporal atrophy (p=0.0417); and high working memory and low temporal atrophy (p=0.0166). Central atrophy correlated with aging and immediate memory (p=0.0294): the higher the immediate memory, the lower the central atrophy. Generally, the validation of brain atrophy by P300 and WMS-III could lead to cost-effective methods utilizable in primary care medicine following further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R. Braverman
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
- Human Integrated Services, University of Vermont, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America
- Department of Addiction Services, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC., North Kingstown, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Karl L. Hussman
- Alpha 3T MRI & Diagnostic Imaging, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Han
- Department of Management Science and Statistics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kristina Dushaj
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mona Li
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gabriela Marin
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rajendra D. Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroimaging Center, University Of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Richard Smayda
- Department of Clinical Neurology, PATH Foundation NY, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mark S. Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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