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Li W, Cao X, Liang Q, Li Y, Zhou C, Du J, Xie S. Gender differences in cognitive improvements after two months of atypical antipsychotic treatment in first episode schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1369532. [PMID: 38742135 PMCID: PMC11089100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1369532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aims to explore the gender differences in cognitive improvements after two months of atypical antipsychotic treatment in first episode schizophrenia (FES). Methods 82 patients with FES, including 50 male patients and 32 female patients, were enrolled in the present study. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were respectively conducted to evaluate the clinical symptoms and cognitive function of patients with FES at baseline and after treatment. Repeated measure ANOVA was performed to compare gender differences in cognitive domains scores between baseline and 2-month follow-up. Stepwise liner regression model was performed to explore the effect factors of cognitive improvements in patients. Results There was no significant difference in age of onset, education years, PANSS scores, duration of untreated psychosis and Olanzapine equivalent doses between male and female patients (all p > 0.05). In the comparisons of cognition function, male patients exhibited better performance in social cognition compared with female patients at baseline (t = 3.20, p < 0.05). After treatment, improvements of attention/vigilance and working memory were both found in male patients and female patients (attention/vigilance, F = 11.867, p < 0.05; working memory, F = 18.265, p < 0.05). In addition, improvement of speed of information processing was only found in female patients (F = 11.65, p < 0.01). Significant interaction between time and gender was found in speed information of processing (F = 4.140, p = 0.045). Stepwise liner regression model revealed that improvements of negative symptoms promote improvements of cognitive function in female patients (all p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings revealed gender differences of cognitive improvements in patients with FES after 2-month treatment. It provides new evidence for gender differences in cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia, and also provides preliminary clues for further individualized cognitive intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jinglun Du
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiping Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Lin Y, Li C, Hu R, Zhou L, Ding H, Fan Q, Zhang Y. Impaired emotion perception in schizophrenia shows sex differences with channel- and category-specific effects: A pilot study. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 161:150-157. [PMID: 36924569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia reportedly demonstrate deficits in emotion perception. Relevant studies on the effects of decoder's sex, communication channels and emotion categories have produced mixed findings and seldom explored the interactions among these three key factors. The present pilot study examined how male and female individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls perceived emotional (e.g., angry, happy, and sad) and neutral expressions from verbal semantic and nonverbal prosodic and facial channels. Twenty-eight (11 females) individuals with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls (13 females) were asked to recognize emotional facial expressions, emotional prosody, and emotional semantics. Both accuracy and response time showed subpar performance for all communication channels and emotional categories in the schizophrenia group. More severe emotion perception deficits were found with the nonverbal (not the verbal) materials. There was also a reduced level of impairment with anger perception, especially in the female individuals with schizophrenia while biased perception towards emotional semantics was more pronounced in male individuals with schizophrenia. These findings, although preliminary, indicate the channel- and category-specific nature of emotion perception with potential sex differences among people with schizophrenia, which has important theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Speech-Language-Hearing Center, School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Chuoran Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruozhen Hu
- Speech-Language-Hearing Center, School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Leqi Zhou
- Speech-Language-Hearing Center, School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongwei Ding
- Speech-Language-Hearing Center, School of Foreign Languages, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Rd., Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Qing Fan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Science & Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA.
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Becker Wright ML, Ahmed AO, Barchard KA, Benning SD, John SE, Allen DN. Latent structure of cognitive tests is invariant in men and women with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 250:127-133. [PMID: 36403294 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies comparing the cognitive functioning of men and women with schizophrenia have produced conflicting results which could arise from sex-based differences in the latent structure of cognitive abilities. The current study used multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to examine invariance in latent structure of cognitive abilities to between men and women with schizophrenia. Confirmatory factor analysis of an initial neurocognitive assessment (men n = 612, women n = 201) and cross-validation using second assessment (men n = 549, women n = 198) demonstrated that a bifactor seven-factor model fit the data best for both men and women. Invariance analyses further indicated this model was invariant across men and women at both assessments. Group comparisons indicated women had significantly higher scores for Semantic Memory, Verbal Memory, and General Cognitive factors, whereas men exhibited better performance on the Vigilance factor. Results indicate that cognition in SZ is characterized by both a general cognitive factor and specific domains for both men and women. Invariance analysis provides evidence that cognitive differences between men and women do not result from sex-based differences in the latent structure of cognitive abilities. Current results also indicate small but statistically significant neurocognitive differences between men and women with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Becker Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - Anthony O Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A Barchard
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - Stephen D Benning
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - Samantha E John
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America; Department of Brain Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America
| | - Daniel N Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States of America.
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Associations between inflammatory marker profiles and neurocognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia and non-psychiatric comparison subjects. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 149:106-113. [PMID: 35259663 PMCID: PMC9933244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia is the key predictor of functional disability and drives economic burden. Inflammation has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, yet its role in cognitive decline has not been evaluated. This study explores the association between inflammation and cognitive functioning in persons with schizophrenia. METHODS Participants included 143 persons with schizophrenia (PwS) and 139 non-psychiatric comparison subjects (NCs) from an ongoing study of aging. Cognitive assessments included validated measures for executive functioning, processing speed, and visuospatial skills. Plasma levels of nine biomarkers associated with inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interferon gamma-induced protein-10, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, fractalkine, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) were quantified using commercially available, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Partial least squares regression was used to develop a composite "inflammatory profile" to maximize correlations with the cognitive outcomes. We then constructed a best-fit model using these composites and their interactions with diagnosis and sex as the predictors, controlling for covariates. RESULTS The biomarker composite, which best correlated with scores on cognitive testing, included high sensitivity C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, for a 5-biomarker "inflammatory profile." The best-fit model showed a significant biomarker composite by diagnosis by sex three-way interaction, for executive function and processing speed, but not visuospatial skill. CONCLUSIONS This approach to building an "inflammatory profile" may provide insight into inflammatory pathways affecting brain function and potential targets for anti-inflammatory interventions to improve cognition in schizophrenia.
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Danaher H, Allott K, Killackey E, Hester R, Cotton S. An examination of sex differences in neurocognition and social cognition in first-episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2018; 259:36-43. [PMID: 29028522 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the dearth and conflicting findings of previous research, it is unclear whether males and females with first-episode psychosis (FEP) differ in their neurocognitive and social cognitive abilities. The aims of the current study were to investigate whether: (i) there are sex differences in neurocognition and social cognition among young people with FEP; and (ii) they resemble those observed in age-matched healthy controls. The current study involved secondary analysis of data from a previous study in which a large neurocognitive and social cognitive battery was administered to 146 individuals with FEP and 46 healthy controls aged 15-25 years. Seven two-way between-groups multivariate analysis of variances revealed that FEP participants were impaired relative to controls on all cognitive domains. Only one main effect of sex was found with males, regardless of group, outperforming females on verbal comprehension. A significant interaction effect was found for information processing speed with FEP females outperforming FEP males on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test; however, post-hoc analysis of the mean difference was not significant. Despite few sex differences, the current study highlights that cognitive impairment is a key feature of FEP that should be a treatment target in early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haylee Danaher
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Eóin Killackey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Robert Hester
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sue Cotton
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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Gender differences measured by the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery in chronic schizophrenia patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11821. [PMID: 28928440 PMCID: PMC5605539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), previous study showed significant gender differences for cognitive deficits in immediate and delayed memory in schizophrenia patients. However, RBANS does not include reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. These cognitive functions can significantly affect the outcomes and daily life in patients. This study examined the gender differences of cognition using the measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia (MATRICS) consensus cognitive battery (MCCB), especially focusing on reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition in schizophrenia patients. The results showed that healthy controls exemplified better cognition than patients in both genders in all examined MCCB scores. Male healthy controls had better reasoning and problem solving and working memory than females, but these gender differences were not presented in schizophrenia patients. Also, male schizophrenia patients showed worse cognition than females on social cognition, processing speed, verbal learning and visual learning. Our results support that male schizophrenia patients had more cognitive impairment than females on reasoning and problem solving, social cognition, processing speed, working memory, verbal learning and visual learning.
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A systematic review comparing sex differences in cognitive function in schizophrenia and in rodent models for schizophrenia, implications for improved therapeutic strategies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:979-1000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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James A, Joyce E, Lunn D, Hough M, Kenny L, Ghataorhe P, Fernandes HM, Matthews PM, Zarei M. Abnormal frontostriatal connectivity in adolescent-onset schizophrenia and its relationship to cognitive functioning. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 35:32-8. [PMID: 27061375 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) is associated with cognitive impairment and poor clinical outcome. Cognitive dysfunction is hypothesised, in part, to reflect functional dysconnectivity between the frontal cortex and the striatum, although structural abnormalities consistent with this hypothesis have not yet been demonstrated in adolescence. OBJECTIVE To characterise frontostriatal white matter (WM) tracts in relation to cognition in AOS. DESIGN A MRI volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging study. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-seven AOS subjects and 24 age and sex-matched healthy subjects. OUTCOME MEASURES Using probabilistic tractography, cortical regions with the highest connection probability for each striatal voxel were determined, and correlated with IQ and specific cognitive functions after co-varying for age and sex. Fractional anisotropy (FA) from individual tracts was a secondary measure. RESULTS Bayesian Structural Equation modeling of FA from 12 frontostriatal tracts showed processing speed to be an intermediary variable for cognition. AOS patients demonstrated generalised cognitive impairment with specific deficits in verbal learning and memory and in processing speed after correction for IQ. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity with the striatum correlated positively with these measures and with IQ. DTI voxel-wise comparisons showed lower connectivity between striatum and the motor and lateral orbitofrontal cortices bilaterally, the left amygdalohippocampal complex, right anterior cingulate cortex, left medial orbitofrontal cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Frontostriatal dysconnectivity in large WM tracts that can explain core cognitive deficits are evident during adolescence. Processing speed, which is affected by alterations in WM connectivity, appears an intermediary variable in the cognitive deficits seen in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A James
- Highfield Unit, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - E Joyce
- Sobell Department Motor Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - D Lunn
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M Hough
- FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L Kenny
- Highfield Unit, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - P Ghataorhe
- GSK Clinical Imaging Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - H M Fernandes
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P M Matthews
- Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M Zarei
- National Brain Mapping Centre, Shahid Beheshti University M&G campus, Tehran, Iran.
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Dieleman S, van der Veen F, van Beveren N, Röder C. Preserved emotional memory modulation in first episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2015; 226:301-7. [PMID: 25639371 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although patients with schizophrenia have severe memory impairments and emotional deficits, studies investigating emotional memory modulation (EMM) in schizophrenia show contradictory results, possibly due to methodological differences and small group size. We investigated whether impaired EMM is already present in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) and whether impairments in EMM are task or stimulus dependent. Forty-five FEP and thirty-seven Healthy Control (HC) male participants matched for age performed visual and verbal short-term (immediate recall) and long-term (after 24h recognition) memory tasks with neutral, negative and positive stimuli. On all tasks overall memory performance for FEP was significantly below that of HC. Although EMM varied by task and type of stimulus, none of the tasks showed a difference in EMM between FEP and HC. There were no differences between FEP and HC in the way emotion modulates different memory domains. This could mean that EMM is spared in the early course of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sieds Dieleman
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, P.O. box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Bavo-Europoort Psychiatric Institute, Oudedijk 76, 3062 AG Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Frederik van der Veen
- Erasmus University, Institute of Psychology, Woudestein, T13-01, P.O. box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nico van Beveren
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, P.O. box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Delta Center for Mental Health Care, Postbus 800, 3170 DZ Poortugaal, The Netherlands.
| | - Christian Röder
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, P.O. box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Czepielewski LS, Massuda R, Goi P, Sulzbach-Vianna M, Reckziegel R, Costanzi M, Kapczinski F, Rosa AR, Gama CS. Verbal episodic memory along the course of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a new perspective. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:169-75. [PMID: 25311898 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Impairment on episodic memory (EM) has been strongly correlated with psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Morevover, the effects of course and progression of the illness on cognitive functioning have not been well established. The aim of the present study is to assess performance of episodic memory in BD and SZ according to their clinical stages. Subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder (n=43) and schizophrenia (31), on euthymia or clinical remission, were recruited from the outpatients facilities at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (Brazil). They were classified into two clinical stages (early or late for BD, and recent onset or chronic for SZ) and compared to 54 healthy controls. Episodic memory performance was assessed by means the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) that measures verbal learning and episodic memory in both disorders. Our results showed that patients in early stage of BD (EBD) performed better performance on the total immediate free recall (p<0.0001, F=12.060) as well as in delayed free recall (p<0.0001, F=13.914) compared to late stage (LBD) and SZ groups. In the ability to retain words learned, LBD and chronic (CSZ) were more impaired than other groups. Furthermore, the variation of learning (i.e, learning effects) along the 3 trials of immediate free recall was similar between groups. In conclusion, we found a cognitive decline alongside with the progression of BD whereas such impairment was evident in the early of SZ. Despite this, both groups (BD and SZ) seem to maintain the ability to learn. It emphasizes the relevance of studying new therapeutic strategies, in particular, cognitive rehabilitation/remediation techniques as promissory treatment for psychiatric patients, even in those with moderate disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia S Czepielewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Raffael Massuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Pedro Goi
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Miréia Sulzbach-Vianna
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Ramiro Reckziegel
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Monise Costanzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Adriane R Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clarissa S Gama
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, INCT for Translational Medicine-CNPq, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Post Graduate Program in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre CEP 90035-903, Brazil
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Herlitz A, Lovén J. Sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic review. VISUAL COGNITION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2013.823140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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McGuire KA, Blahnik MM, Sponheim SR. Discrimination within Recognition Memory in Schizophrenia. Behav Sci (Basel) 2013; 3:273-297. [PMID: 25379239 PMCID: PMC4217626 DOI: 10.3390/bs3020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory is one of the most affected cognitive domains in schizophrenia. First-degree biological relatives of individuals with schizophrenia also have been found to exhibit a similar, but milder, episodic memory deficit. Unlike most studies that focus on the percent of previously presented items recognized, the current investigation sought to further elucidate the nature of memory dysfunction associated with schizophrenia by examining the discrimination of old and new material during recognition (measured by d') to consider false recognition of new items. Using the Recurring Figures Test and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), we studied a sample of schizophrenia probands and the first-degree biological relatives of patients with schizophrenia, as well as probands with bipolar disorder and first-degree biological relatives to assess the specificity of recognition memory dysfunction to schizophrenia. The schizophrenia sample had poorer recognition discrimination in both nonverbal and verbal modalities; no such deficits were identified in first-degree biological relatives or bipolar disorder probands. Discrimination in schizophrenia and bipolar probands failed to benefit from the geometric structure in the designs in the manner that controls did on the nonverbal test. Females performed better than males in recognition of geometric designs. Episodic memory dysfunction in schizophrenia is present for a variety of stimulus domains and reflects poor use of item content to increase discrimination of old and new items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. McGuire
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA; E-Mails: (M.M.B.); (S.R.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-612-725-2044; Fax: +1-612-467-2144
| | - Melanie M. Blahnik
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA; E-Mails: (M.M.B.); (S.R.S.)
| | - Scott R. Sponheim
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA; E-Mails: (M.M.B.); (S.R.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West, 2450 Riverside Avenue, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
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