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Yang YL, Wang HH, Su H, Lu H, Yu H, Wang J, Zhou YQ, Li L, Chen Y. Reliability and validity tests of the Chinese version of the Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25) in tumor survivors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29604. [PMID: 38694053 PMCID: PMC11058285 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese-translated Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25) for the assessment of locomotive syndrome (LS) in individuals surviving malignancies. Methods 393 tumor survivors at a general hospital in China were recruited. The Chinese version of GLFS-25 was utilized to conduct a cross-sectional survey to ascertain the tool's efficacy in measuring LS in this cohort. The scale's validity was examined through content, structural and discriminant validity assessments, while its reliability was investigated by determining the internal consistency (via Cronbach's α coefficient) and test-retest reliability (via intragroup correlation coefficient, ICC). Results The Chinese-adapted GLFS-25 demonstrated a robust scale-level content validity index of 0.94, while item-level content validity indices ranged from 0.83 to 1.00 across individual items. The suitability of the scale for structural validity assessment was confirmed via exploratory factor analysis, yielding a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of 0.930 and a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (χ2 = 3217.714, df = 300, P < 0.001). Subsequent confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) extracted four distinct factors: Social Activity Engagement, Daily Living Ability, Pain Experience and Physical Mobility. These factors accounted for 72.668 % of the variance, indicating substantial construct validity for measuring LS among this population. CFA supported the model's fit with the following indices: χ2/df = 1.559, RMSEA = 0.077, GFI = 0.924, CFI = 0.941, NFI = 0.919, and TLI = 0.933. The factor loadings for the four factors ranged from 0.771 to 0.931, indicating the items corresponding to the four factors effectively represented the constructs they were designed to measure. The correlation coefficients among the four factors were between 0.306 and 0.469, all lower than the square roots of the respective AVEs (0.838-0.867). This suggests a moderate correlation among the four factors and a distinct differentiation between them, indicating the Chinese version of the GLFS-25 exhibits strong discriminant validity in Chinese tumor survivors. Reliability testing revealed a high Cronbach's α coefficient for the overall scale at 0.961, with the subscales yielding coefficients of 0.751, 0.836, 0.930, and 0.952. The overall ICC was determined to be 0.935, with subscale ICCs ranging from 0.857 to 0.941, reinforcing the scale's reliability in this context. Conclusions The Chinese version of the GLFS-25 exhibits strong reliability and validity for the assessment of LS in tumor survivors. It may serve as a diagnostic tool for LS, contributing to the prevention and management of musculoskeletal disorders and enhancing the prognosis for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Hong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
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Matsumoto S, Kanagawa Y, Nagoshi K, Akahane T, Imamura T, Akahane M. Consumer Willingness to Pay for Food Defense and Food Hygiene in Japan: Cross-Sectional Study. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e43936. [PMID: 37870896 PMCID: PMC10628688 DOI: 10.2196/43936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, incidents of falsified expiration dates on popular cookie brands and health hazards associated with frozen Chinese dumplings have raised food safety awareness. To prevent the intentional contamination of food by foreign substances, large food manufacturing companies have adopted the concept of food defense. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess people's willingness to pay for food protection measures. In addition, the impact of participants' personalities and considerations regarding their purchase choices on how much they were willing to pay when shopping for food and other products were measured. METHODS A questionnaire on willingness to pay for food hygiene and food defense was administered via a web survey and 1414 responses were included in the analysis. Univariate logistic regression analyses were performed with individuals willing and unwilling to pay additional costs as the objective variable and other questionnaire items as explanatory variables. A principal component analysis was performed on 12 questions regarding how much additional money people were willing to pay, and the principal component scores and other questions were examined for implications and other information. RESULTS Approximately one-third of the respondents stated that they were unwilling to pay additional costs and reported a willingness to consume delivery food even if it contained items that were not part of the original order. The first principal component reflected the extent to which people were willing to pay additional money, and if so, how much. This tendency existed even if the individual foods and amounts varied. The third principal component reflected the amount of extra money that people were willing to pay, which was determined by the amount people had to pay toward food safety measures. Those who answered "zero" were more likely to believe that consumers should not have to pay to ensure food safety. The second principal component reflected an axis separating food defense and food hygiene. Some items not directly related to food were correlated with this axis. CONCLUSIONS In Japan, the concept of food hygiene is well-established and is generally taken for granted. In contrast, the concept of food defense is relatively new and has not yet fully penetrated the Japanese market. Our research shows that people who think that clothing brands provided added value to clothing products may have similar feelings about food defense. In addition, food hygiene efforts to prevent outbreaks of food poisoning are common in Japan and have been established as the basis of food safety. While food defense efforts are spreading, mainly in companies, it is presumed that they are valuable for the general public as supplementary measures to routine (or basic) food hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Matsumoto
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kanagawa
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Nagoshi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Imamura
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
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Asahi R, Nakamura Y, Koike Y, Kanai M, Watanabe K, Yuguchi S, Kamo T, Azami M, Ogihara H, Asano S. Does locomotive syndrome severity predict future fragility fractures in community-dwelling women with osteoporosis? Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:1036-1043. [PMID: 36029035 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the locomotive syndrome (LS) severity affects future fragility fractures in osteoporosis patients. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, 315 women with osteoporosis (mean follow-up period, 2.8 years) were reviewed, of whom 244 were included in the analysis. At baseline, we obtained medical information, bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck, and sagittal vertical axis. Additionally, LS risk was assessed using the two-step test, stand-up test, and 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale scores. The LS risk test results were used to classify LS severity, which was rated on a 4-point scale from stage 0 (robust) to 3 (worsening). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to determine the association of the severity with future fragility fracture. RESULTS Fragility fractures occurred in 37 of 315 participants (11.8%). This study showed that sagittal vertical axis (hazard ratio = 1.014; 95% confidence interval, 1.005-1.023; p value = 0.003) and LS severity (hazard ratio =1.748; 95% confidence interval, 1.133-2.699; p = 0.012) were independent risk factors for incidence of fragility fracture. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the LS severity to predicted fragility fractures. We suggested that the progression of LS associated with osteoporosis increases the fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Asahi
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Saitama Spine Center, Higashi Saitama General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- Saitama Spine Center, Higashi Saitama General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kanai
- Saitama Spine Center, Higashi Saitama General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kento Watanabe
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kawaguchi Sakura Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuguchi
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kamo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Gunma Paz University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masato Azami
- School of Health Sciences, Japan University of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ogihara
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nagano University of Health and Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Satoshi Asano
- Saitama Spine Center, Higashi Saitama General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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Akahane M, Kanagawa Y, Takahata Y, Nakanishi Y, Akahane T, Imamura T. Consumer Awareness of Food Defense Measures at Food Delivery Service Providers and Food Manufacturers: Web-Based Consumer Survey Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44150. [PMID: 37616047 PMCID: PMC10485718 DOI: 10.2196/44150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various stages of the food chain, from production to processing to distribution, can impact food safety. The concept of "food defense" has emerged as a countermeasure against intentional contamination of food with foreign substances. Although knowledge of food hygiene is common among consumers, there are currently no reports of consumer surveys on food defense. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate consumer awareness of food defense and food safety. We analyzed the results focusing on how consumers behave when they find abnormalities in food to further our knowledge on promoting food defense measures. METHODS Participants completed a web-based questionnaire that included items related to awareness of food safety and food defense, as well as actions to be taken in cases of food abnormalities, such as contamination by foreign substances, the presence of a bad smell in purchased food, and the inclusion of extra items not selected by the individual. The participants were asked to indicate their preference among the 5 suggested actions in each case using a 6-point Likert scale. Data analysis involved aggregating responses into binary values. Stepwise linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between selected actions and questionnaire items, such as sex, age, and personality. RESULTS A total of 1442 respondents completed the survey, and the majority of participants placed importance on food safety when making food purchases. The recognition of each term was as follows: 95.2% (n=1373) for "food security and safety," 95.6% (n=1379) for "food hygiene," and 17.1% (n=247) for "food defense." The percentages of those who answered that they would "eat without worrying" in the case of "contamination by foreign substances," "bad smell," or "including unpurchased product" in the frozen food they purchased were 9.1% (n=131), 4.8% (n=69), and 30.7% (n=443), respectively. The results showed that contacting the manufacturer was the most common action when faced with contaminated food or food with a bad smell. Interestingly, a significant percentage of respondents indicated they would upload the issue on social networking sites. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male participants and the younger generation were more likely to choose the option of eating contaminated food without worrying. Additionally, the tendency to upload the issue on social networking sites was higher among respondents who were sociable and brand-conscious. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that if food intentionally contaminated with a foreign substance is sold and delivered to consumers, it is possible consumers may eat it and experience health problems. Therefore, it is crucial for not only food manufacturers but also food delivery service providers to consider food defense measures such as protecting food from intentional contamination. Additionally, promoting consumer education and awareness regarding food defense can contribute to enhancing food safety throughout the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Akahane
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kanagawa
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Takahata
- Department of Management, Food Business Course, Osaka Seikei University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nakanishi
- Department of Health and Welfare Services, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Imamura
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Handa M, Kato S, Sakurai G, Yabe T, Demura S, Takeshita Y, Kanamori T, Nakano Y, Shinmura K, Yokogawa N, Kashihara N, Yahata T, Takamura T, Tsuchiya H. The prevalence of locomotive syndrome and its associated factors in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:422-427. [PMID: 35107137 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the prevalence of locomotive syndrome (LS) and related musculoskeletal diseases [osteoarthritis (OA), lumbar spondylosis, and spinal alignment] in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. METHODS Clinical data were collected from 101 patients (55 males; 46 females) admitted to our hospital for diabetes education from October 2018 to April 2021. Patients underwent full-spine and whole-legs standing radiography and physical measurements (10-m walking and grip strength tests and three LS risk tests). RESULTS The estimated prevalence of LS was 86.1% (Stage 1: 44.5%, Stage 2: 41.6%), lumbar spondylosis was 11.9%, and hip, knee, and ankle OA were 16.9%, 51.5%, and 12.9%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified grip strength [odds ratio (OR) = 0.89, confidence interval (CI) = 0.83-0.94], diabetic retinopathy (OR = 5.85, CI = 1.64-20.78), knee OA (OR = 3.34, CI = 1.11-10.02), and a sagittal vertical axis >40 mm (OR = 3.42, CI = 1.13-10.39) as significantly associated risk factors for worsening LS in Type 2 DM patients. CONCLUSIONS This study clarified the epidemiological indicators of LS and associated factors in DM patients. Exercise therapy and DM management are effective strategies to reduce the occurrence and progression of LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Handa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Goro Sakurai
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Yabe
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Demura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yumie Takeshita
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kanamori
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yujiro Nakano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shinmura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yokogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoko Kashihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Yahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Ma Y, Wu X, Shen S, Hong W, Qin Y, Sun M, Luan Y, Zhou X, Zhang B. Relationship between Locomotive Syndrome and Musculoskeletal Pain and Generalized Joint Laxity in Young Chinese Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040532. [PMID: 36833063 PMCID: PMC9956093 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the prevalence of locomotive syndrome (LS) and to examine the relationship of LS with musculoskeletal symptoms (pain, generalized joint laxity (GJL)) in young Chinese adults. Our study population (n = 157; mean age of 19.8 ± 1.2 years) comprises college student residents at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. Three screening methods were used to evaluate LS: 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), a two-step test, and a stand-up test. Musculoskeletal pain was assessed by self-report and visual analog scale (VAS), and joint body laxity was evaluated using the GJL test. The prevalence of LS was 21.7% of all participants. Musculoskeletal pain affected 77.8% of the college students with LS and was strongly associated with LS. A total of 55.0% of college students with LS had four or more site joints that were positive for GJL, and higher scores of GJL were associated with a higher prevalence rate of LS. Young Chinese college students have a relatively high prevalence of LS, and musculoskeletal pain and GJL were significantly related to LS. The present results suggest that we need early screening of musculoskeletal symptoms and LS health education in young adults to prevent the mobility limitations of LS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinze Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shaoshuai Shen
- School of Education and Welfare, Aichi Prefectural University, 1522-3 Ibaragabasama, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1198, Japan
| | - Weihao Hong
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Qin
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mingyue Sun
- Department of Physiotherapy, Planet Rehabilitation Center, Planet Rehabilitation Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Yisheng Luan
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-138-0592-5552 (X.Z.); +86-135-2205-1883 (B.Z.)
| | - Bing Zhang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-138-0592-5552 (X.Z.); +86-135-2205-1883 (B.Z.)
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Effects of arm and leg positions on lumbar multifidus muscle activity while on hands and knees or while standing. J Physiol Anthropol 2022; 41:6. [PMID: 35255996 PMCID: PMC8903730 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-022-00279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lumbar multifidus (LMF) muscle, which is involved in the mechanical stability of the lumbar spine, reportedly undergoes atrophy in patients with low back pain. Preventing or mitigating low back pain requires strengthening the LMF muscle; however, methods for triggering selective and significant contraction of this muscle have not been fully studied. This study aims to clarify how, in the hands-and-knees or standing position, the position of the arm and leg on one side affects the activity of the lumbar erector spinae (LES) and LMF muscles. Methods We recruited nine adult men with no prior history of low back pain. Measurements were taken in four different postures under varying conditions (that is, one arm and one leg were lifted in either the hands-and-knees or standing position,) as follows: (1) shoulder joint flexion and hip joint extension in the hands-and-knees position; (2) 90° shoulder joint abduction and hip joint abduction in the hands-and-knees position; (3) shoulder joint flexion and hip joint extension in the standing position; and (4) 90° shoulder joint abduction and hip joint abduction in the standing position. The 90° shoulder joint abduction involved simultaneous horizontal abduction, while the hip joint abduction involved simultaneous extension. Muscle activity of the LES and LMF in each posture was measured using a surface electromyograph. Results Muscle activity of the LMF was significantly higher in 90° shoulder joint abduction and hip joint abduction than in shoulder joint flexion and hip joint extension in both the hands-and-knees and standing positions. The LES muscle showed no significant differences in activity between each posture. Conclusions The results suggest that unilateral 90° shoulder joint abduction and contralateral hip joint abduction in the hands-and-knees and standing positions may produce selective and significant contraction of the LMF muscle.
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Kobayashi T, Morimoto T, Otani K, Mawatari M. Locomotive Syndrome and Lumbar Spine Disease: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051304. [PMID: 35268395 PMCID: PMC8911455 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Locomotive syndrome (LS) is defined based on the Loco-Check, 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), 5-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-5), Stand-Up Test, Two-Step Test, or a total assessment (i.e., positive for one or more of the GLFS-25, Stand-Up Test, and Two-Step Test). Lumbar spine disease has been reported to be one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders leading to LS. We therefore conducted a systematic review via PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and MEDLINE, based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 26 studies were considered to be eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. The GLFS-25 showed an association with low back pain, sagittal spinopelvic malalignment, and lumbar spinal stenosis but not vertebral fracture. The GLFS-5 showed an association with low back pain and lumbar spinal stenosis. The Loco-Check and Two-Step Test showed an association with low back pain, sagittal spinopelvic malalignment, and lumbar spinal stenosis. The Stand-Up Test showed no association with lumbar spinal stenosis. The total assessment showed an association with low back pain and lumbar spinal stenosis. Furthermore, the GLFS-25, Two-Step Test, and total assessment were improved by spinal surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis. The current evidence concerning the relationship between LS and lumbar spine disease still seems insufficient, so further investigations are required on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaomi Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-952-34-2343; Fax: +81-952-34-2059
| | - Koji Otani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan; (T.K.); (M.M.)
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Taniguchi M, Ikezoe T, Tsuboyama T, Tabara Y, Matsuda F, Ichihashi N. Prevalence and physical characteristics of locomotive syndrome stages as classified by the new criteria 2020 in older Japanese people: results from the Nagahama study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:489. [PMID: 34503459 PMCID: PMC8428127 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) proposed the concept of locomotive syndrome (LS) in 2007 for detecting high-risk individuals with mobility limitation. In 2020, the JOA revised the clinical decision limits and introduced LS stage 3, which carried the highest-risk for LS compared to the conventional stages, 1 and 2. The purpose of this study was to characterize the prevalence, comorbidities, and physical characteristics in each LS stage, as per the LS criteria 2020. Methods We analyzed 2077 participants (64.9% women; mean age, 68.3 ± 5.4 years) from the Nagahama Study aged ≥60 years. Participants were classified into 4 groups, non-LS and LS stages 1, 2, and 3, based on a 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. The prevalence of comorbidities (sarcopenia, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, low back pain [LBP], and knee pain) were investigated. Physical characteristics were measured based on the physical performance tests including gait speed, five-times chair-stand, single-leg stand, and short physical performance battery; muscle strength tests including grip, knee extension, hip flexion, and abduction; and body-composition analysis including muscle quantity and quality. Differences in the prevalence of comorbidities between LS stages were tested using the chi-square test. The general linear model was performed for univariate and multivariate analyses with post-hoc test to compare the differences in physical characteristics among the LS stages. Results The prevalence of LS increased with age, and the mean prevalence of LS stages 1, 2, and 3 were 24.4, 5.5, and 6.5%, respectively. The prevalence of comorbidities, including sarcopenia, osteoporosis, LBP, and knee pain, increased with worsening LS stage. Physical performance tests were significantly different between LS stages 2 and 3; and muscle strength differed significantly between LS stages 1 and 2. Additionally, in terms of body composition analysis, muscle quality but not muscle quantity showed significant differences among all the LS stages. Conclusions Our findings suggest that muscle strengthening and dynamic training, including balance training in LS stage 1 and 2, respectively, were needed for preventing the LS progression. Individuals with LS stage 3 should perform dynamic training and muscle strengthening exercises while receiving treatment for comorbidities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02440-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Taniguchi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Tome Ikezoe
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tadao Tsuboyama
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, 7, Higashitogano-cho, Nishinokyo,Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8418, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ichihashi
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53, Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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10
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Yamada T, Yamato Y, Hasegawa T, Yoshida G, Yasuda T, Banno T, Arima H, Oe S, Ushirozako H, Koichiro I, Watanabe Y, Matsuyama Y. Impact of Habitual Exercise on Locomotive Function of Middle-aged and Elderly Volunteers: A Longitudinal Study. Prog Rehabil Med 2021; 6:20210006. [PMID: 33542962 PMCID: PMC7843592 DOI: 10.2490/prm.20210006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the effect of acquisition of an exercise habit on locomotive dysfunction (LD). METHODS The subjects were 121 male and 196 female volunteers aged more than 50 years who attended health checkups in Toei, central Japan, in 2012 and 2014. We divided the subjects into three groups: an acquiring exercise group (Ac-Ex) composed of those who acquired an exercise habit between 2012 and 2014, a non-exercise group (Non-Ex) who did not acquire an exercise habit, and an exercise group (Ex) who already had an exercise habit in 2012. We compared the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25) score among the three groups. RESULTS In men in the Ac-Ex group, the GLFS-25 score improved significantly between 2012 and 2014 (P=0.046), and sub-analysis of the GLFS-25 responses showed that fundamental and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) improved significantly. In women in the Ac-Ex group, the prevalence of radiologically diagnosed knee osteoarthritis was significantly higher (P=0.027) than that for the other two groups, and there was no significant improvement in GLFS-25 score over the 2-year period. CONCLUSIONS The acquisition of an exercise habit had a positive effect on the locomotive function in men. Orthopedic surgeons must enlighten people on the need for a continuous exercise habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yu Yamato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Division of Geriatric Musculoskeletal Health, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Hasegawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Go Yoshida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yasuda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Banno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Arima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shin Oe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ushirozako
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ide Koichiro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuh Watanabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Matsuyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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11
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Nakae H, Hiroshima Y, Hebiguchi M. Kampo Medicines for Frailty in Locomotor Disease. Front Nutr 2018; 5:31. [PMID: 29755984 PMCID: PMC5933258 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a syndrome that includes broad problems of senility and consists of three domains: physical, psychological, and social. Kampo medicine is used for intervention in cases of hypofunction in a mental or physical state. Kampo treatment, using Hojin formulations such as Hachimijiogan and Gosyajinkigan, is useful in patients with “jinkyo,” or kidney hypofunction. Ketsu includes both blood and its metabolic products that circulate throughout the body. Oketsu is a disturbance of ketsu and is considered to be a microcirculation disorder. Anti-oketsu formulations, such as Keishibukuryogan and Jidabokuippo, are useful in the treatment of trauma patients who are experiencing swelling and pain. “Ki” is the universal energy that exists in the world. Hoki formulations, such as Rikkunshito and Hochuekkito, are useful in patients with poor appetites for reinforcing vital energy. Juzentaihoto and Ninjinyoeito are useful in patients with hypofunction of ki and ketsu, which are accompanying symptoms of coldness or cutaneous dryness. Thus, Kampo medicines can be used as a superior approach for the management of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Nakae
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Department of Traditional Japanese Medicine, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuko Hiroshima
- Department of Traditional Japanese Medicine, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Miwa Hebiguchi
- Department of Traditional Japanese Medicine, Akita University Hospital, Akita, Japan
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