1
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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Atef E, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M. Benzimidazole scaffold as a potent anticancer agent with different mechanisms of action (2016-2023). Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8. [PMID: 39031290 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds have potent anticancer activity due to their structure similarity to nucleoside. In addition, benzimidazoles could function as hydrogen donors or acceptors and bind to different drug targets that participate in cancer progression. The literature had many anticancer agents containing benzimidazole cores that gained much interest. Provoked by our endless interest in benzimidazoles as anticancer agents, we summarized the successful trials of the benzimidazole scaffolds in this concern. Moreover, we discuss the substantial opportunities in cancer treatment using benzimidazole-based drugs that may direct medicinal chemists for a compelling future design of more active chemotherapeutic agents with potential clinical applications. The uniqueness of this work lies in the highlighted benzimidazole scaffold hybridization with different molecules and benzimidazole-metal complexes, detailed mechanisms of action, and the IC50 of the developed compounds determined by different laboratories after 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Eman Atef
- College of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
- Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ohio, USA.
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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2
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Acar Çevik U, Celik I, Görgülü Ş, Şahin Inan ZD, Bostancı HE, Özkay Y, Kaplacıklı ZA. New benzimidazole-oxadiazole derivatives as potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and docking study. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22218. [PMID: 38825827 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
We report herein, the design and synthesis of benzimidazole-oxadiazole derivatives as new inhibitors for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). The designed members were assessed for their in vitro anticancer activity against three cancer cell lines and two normal cell lines; A549, MCF-7, PANC-1, hTERT-HPNE and CCD-19Lu. Compounds 4c and 4d were found to be the most effective compounds against three cancer cell lines. Compounds 4c and 4d were then tested for their in vitro VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity, safety profiles, and selectivity indices using the normal hTERT-HPNE and CCD-19Lu cell lines. It was determined that compound 4c was the most effective and safe member of the produced chemical family. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) immunolocalizations of compounds 4c and 4d were evaluated relative to control by VEGFA immunofluorescence staining. Compounds 4c and 4d inhibited VEGFR-2 enzyme with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.475 ± 0.021 and 0.618 ± 0.028 µM, respectively. Molecular docking of the target compounds was carried out in the active site of VEGFR-2 (Protein Data Bank: 4ASD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Şennur Görgülü
- Medicinal Plant, Drug and Scientific Research and Application Center (AUBIBAM), Eskişehir, Turkey
| | | | - Hayrani Eren Bostancı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplacıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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3
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Sharma U, Kumar R, Mazumder A, Salahuddin, Kukreti N, Mishra R, Chaitanya MVNL. Substrate-based synthetic strategies and biological activities of 1,3,4-oxadiazole: A review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14552. [PMID: 38825735 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The five-membered 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic ring has received considerable attention because of its unique bio-isosteric properties and an unusually wide spectrum of biological activities. After a century since 1,3,4-oxadiazole was discovered, its uncommon potential attracted medicinal chemist's attention, leading to the discovery of a few presently accessible drugs containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole units, and a large number of patents have been granted on research related to 1,3,4-oxadiazole. It is worth noting that interest in 1,3,4-oxadiazoles' biological applications has doubled in the last few years. Herein, this review presents a comprehensive overview of the recent achievements in the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-based compounds and highlights the major advances in their biological applications in the last 10 years, as well as brief remarks on prospects for further development. We hope that researchers across the scientific streams will benefit from the presented review articles for designing their work related to 1,3,4-oxadiazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Sharma
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Salahuddin
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | - Rashmi Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - M V N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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4
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Shiferaw DG, Kalluraya B. Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole-thioether derivative as antioxidants and cytotoxic agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28634. [PMID: 38576588 PMCID: PMC10990960 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxadiazoles and their derivatives with thioether functionalities represent a new and exciting class of physiologically active heterocyclic compounds. Several molecules with these moieties play a vital role in pharmaceuticals because of their diverse biological activities. This paper describes a new class of 1,3,4- oxadiazole-2-thioethers with acetophenone, coumarin, and N-phenyl acetamide residues (S-alkylation), with the hope that the addition of various biologically active molecules will have a synergistic effect on anticancer activity. The structure of the synthesized title compounds was determined by the combined methods of IR, proton-NMR, carbon-13-NMR, and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, all the newly prepared molecules were assessed for their antioxidant activity. Furthermore, four compounds were assessed for their molecular docking interactions and cytotoxicity activity. The synthesized derivatives have shown moderate antioxidant activity compared to the standard BHA (butylated hydroxy anisole). The IC50 of the titled molecules (11b, 11c, 13b, and 14b) observed for in vitro anti-cancer activities were 11.20, 15.73, 59.61, and 27.66 g/ml at 72-h treatment time against the A549 cell lines, respectively. The tested compounds' biological evaluation showed that 11b is the most effective molecule in the series. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that the tested compounds, 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thioether derivative, have shown high cytotoxicity against human lung cancer diseases, which may serve for subsequent studies in the formulation of cancer-based drugs and future outlook for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desta Gebretekle Shiferaw
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Karnataka, India
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Aksum University, Tigray, Ethiopia
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5
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Çevik UA, Kaya B, Celik I, Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Karayel A, Levent S, Osmaniye D, Sağlık Özkan BN, Baysal M, Atlı Ekliog̈lu Ö, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. New Benzimidazole-Triazole Derivatives as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Screening, and Molecular Modeling Studies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13359-13372. [PMID: 38524479 PMCID: PMC10955584 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a series of 1,2,4-triazole benzimidazoles for their cytotoxic effects against the A549, C6, and NIH3T3 cell lines. Additionally, these compounds were assessed for their inhibitory activity against DNA topoisomerase I, aiming to develop novel anticancer agents. The synthesized final compounds 4a-h were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Among them, compounds 4b and 4h emerged as the most potent agents against the A549 cell line, exhibiting an IC50 value of 7.34 ± 0.21 μM and 4.56 ± 0.18 μM, respectively. These results were compared to standard drugs, doxorubicin (IC50 = 12.420 ± 0.5 μM) and Hoechst 33342 (IC50 = 0.422 ± 0.02 μM). Notably, all tested compounds displayed higher cytotoxicity toward A549 cells than C6 cells. Compounds 4b and 4h demonstrated significant inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I, highlighting their potential as lead compounds in anticancer therapy. Subsequent in silico molecular docking studies were conducted to elucidate the potential binding interactions of compounds 4b and 4h with the target enzyme topoisomerase I. Molecular dynamics studies also assessed and validated the binding affinity and stability. These studies confirmed the promising binding affinity of these compounds, reinforcing their status as lead candidates. According to DFT, compound 4b having the lower energy gap value (ΔE = 3.598 eV) is more chemically reactive than the others, which is consistent with significant inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I. Furthermore, in silico ADME profiles for compounds 4b and 4h were evaluated using SwissADME, providing insights into their pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Betül Kaya
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67100, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for
Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to Be University), Guntur 522213, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Arzu Karayel
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Hitit University, Çorum 19030, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | | | - Merve Baysal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Özlem Atlı Ekliog̈lu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eski̧ehir 26470, Turkey
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6
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Abdel-Mohsen HT, Ibrahim MA, Nageeb AM, El Kerdawy AM. Receptor-based pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF multi-kinase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2024; 18:42. [PMID: 38395926 PMCID: PMC10893631 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A receptor-based pharmacophore model describing the binding features required for the multi-kinase inhibition of the target kinases (VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF) were constructed and validated. It showed a good overall quality in discriminating between the active and the inactive in a compiled test set compounds with F1 score of 0.502 and Mathew's correlation coefficient of 0.513. It described the ligand binding to the hinge region Cys or Ala, the glutamate residue of the Glu-Lys αC helix conserved pair, the DFG motif Asp at the activation loop, and the allosteric back pocket next to the ATP binding site. Moreover, excluded volumes were used to define the steric extent of the binding sites. The application of the developed pharmacophore model in virtual screening of an in-house scaffold dataset resulted in the identification of a benzimidazole-based scaffold as a promising hit within the dataset. Compounds 8a-u were designed through structural optimization of the hit benzimidazole-based scaffold through (un)substituted aryl substitution on 2 and 5 positions of the benzimidazole ring. Molecular docking simulations and ADME properties predictions confirmed the promising characteristics of the designed compounds in terms of binding affinity and pharmacokinetic properties, respectively. The designed compounds 8a-u were synthesized, and they demonstrated moderate to potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity at 10 µM. Compound 8u exhibited a potent inhibitory activity against the target kinases (VEGFR-2, FGFR-1, and BRAF) with IC50 values of 0.93, 3.74, 0.25 µM, respectively. The benzimidazole derivatives 8a-u were all selected by the NCI (USA) to conduct their anti-proliferation screening. Compounds 8a and 8d resulted in a potent mean growth inhibition % (GI%) of 97.73% and 92.51%, respectively. Whereas compounds 8h, 8j, 8k, 8o, 8q, 8r, and 8u showed a mean GI% > 100% (lethal effect). The most potent compounds on the NCI panel of 60 different cancer cell lines were progressed further to NCI five-dose testing. The benzimidazole derivatives 8a, 8d, 8h, 8j, 8k, 8o, 8q, 8r and 8u exhibited potent anticancer activity on the tested cell lines reaching sub-micromolar range. Moreover, 8u was found to induce cell cycle arrest of MCF-7 cell line at the G2/M phase and accumulating cells at the sub-G1 phase as a result of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Nageeb
- High Throughput Molecular and Genetic Technology Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. 11562, Cairo, Egypt
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK
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7
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Venugopal S, Kaur B, Verma A, Wadhwa P, Magan M, Hudda S, Kakoty V. Recent advances of benzimidazole as anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:357-376. [PMID: 37009821 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, with 9.6 million deaths yearly. As a life-threatening disease, it necessitates the emergence of new therapies. Resistance to current chemotherapies drives scientists to develop new medications that will eventually be accessible. Because heterocycles are so common in biological substances, compounds play a big part in the variety of medications that have been developed. The "Master Key" is the benzimidazole nucleus, which consists of a six-membered benzene ring fused with a five-membered imidazole/imidazoline ring, which is an azapyrrole. One of the five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles identified in American therapies that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Our results show that benzimidazole's broad therapeutic spectrum is due to its structural isosteres with purine, which improves hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions with topoisomerase complexes, intercalation with DNA, and other functions. It also enhances protein and nucleic acid inhibition, tubulin microtubule degeneration, apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and other functions. Additionally, readers for designing the more recent benzimidazole analogues as prospective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Venugopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Muskan Magan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sharwan Hudda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Violina Kakoty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
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8
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Acar Çevik U, Celik I, Işık A, Ahmad I, Patel H, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, synthesis, molecular modeling, DFT, ADME and biological evaluation studies of some new 1,3,4-oxadiazole linked benzimidazoles as anticancer agents and aromatase inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1944-1958. [PMID: 35037830 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2025906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent female cancer and second cause of cancer-related deaths among women around the world. Two thirds of breast cancer patients have hormone-dependent tumors, which is very likely be treated with hormonal therapy. Aromatase is involved in the biosynthesis of estrogen thus a critical target for breast cancer. In this study, in order to identify new aromatase enzyme inhibitors, a series of benzimidazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectra analyses. In the in vitro anticancer assay, all the compounds tested anticancer activities using MTT-based assay against five cancer cell lines (MCF-7, A549, HeLa, C6, and HepG2). Among them, compound 5a exhibited the most potent activity with IC50 values of 5.165 ± 0.211 μM and 5.995 ± 0.264 μM against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Compound 5a was included in the BrdU test to determine the DNA synthesis inhibition effects for both cell types. Furthermore, compound 5c was also found to be more effective than doxorubicin on the HeLa cell line. The selectivity of anticancer activity was evaluated in NIH3T3 cell line. In vitro, enzymatic inhibition assays of aromatase enzyme were performed for compound 5a acting on the MCF-7 cell line. For compound 5a, in silico molecular docking and dynamics simulations against aromatase enzyme was performed to determine possible protein-ligand interactions and stability. DFT study was performed to evaluate the quantum mechanical and electronic properties of compound 5a. Finally, the theoretical ADME properties of the potential aromatase inhibitor compound 5a were analyzed by calculations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Işık
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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9
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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Abdelhamid D, Gomaa HAM, Youssif BGM, Abdel-Aziz M. New 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone/benzimidazole hybrids as potent antiproliferative agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200357. [PMID: 36351754 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone/benzimidazole hybrids 9a-o and 10a-k were designed and synthesized as potential antiproliferative agents. Hybrids 9a-o exhibited remarkable antiproliferative activities on different NCI-60 cell lines in a single-dose assay. The antiproliferative activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated against a panel of four human cancer cell lines (A-549, MCF-7, Panc-1, and HT-29). Compounds 9g-i and their oxygen isosteres, 10f-h, exhibited promising antiproliferative activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.80 to 2.27 µM compared to doxorubicin (IC50 ranging from 0.90 to 1.41 µM). Furthermore, the inhibitory potency of these compounds against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and BRAFV600E kinases was evaluated using erlotinib as a reference drug. Molecular modeling studies were done to investigate the binding mode of the most active hybrids in the ATP binding site of EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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10
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Çetiner G, Çevik UA, Celik I, Bostancı HE, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. New Imidazole Derivatives as Aromatase Inhibitor: Design, Synthesis, Biological Activity, Molecular Docking, and Computational ADME-Tox Studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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11
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IŞIK A, Acar Çevik U, Çelik I, Bostancı HE, Karayel A, Gündoğdu G, Ince U, Koçak A, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Benzimidazole-hydrazone derivatives: Synthesis, in vitro anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities, in silico DFT and ADMET studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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12
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Acar Çevik U, Celik I, Işık A, Gül ÜD, Bayazıt G, Bostancı HE, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Synthesis, and docking studies of novel tetrazole-S-alkyl derivatives as antimicrobial agents. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2117812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Işık
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ülküye Dudu Gül
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Gizem Bayazıt
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Hayrani Eren Bostancı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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13
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Küçükoğlu K, Acar Çevik U, Nadaroglu H, Celik I, Işık A, Bostancı HE, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies of novel benzimidazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole hybrids for their carbonic anhydrase inhibitory and antioxidant effects. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02943-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Çevik U, Celik I, Mella J, Mellado M, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Modeling Studies of a Novel Benzimidazole as an Aromatase Inhibitor. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16152-16163. [PMID: 35571854 PMCID: PMC9097188 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole-benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their cytotoxic activities against five cancer cell lines, including A549, MCF-7, C6, HepG2, and HeLa, were evaluated by the MTT assay. The compounds 5b,c showed satisfactory potencies with much higher anticancer activity in comparison to the reference drug doxorubicin against the studied cancer cell lines. In vitro, enzymatic inhibition assays of aromatase (ARO) enzymes were performed. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy analyses were used to better understand the structure-activity connections and mechanism of action of the aromatase inhibitors. Two types of satisfactory 3D-QSAR (CoMFA and CoMSIA) models were generated, to predict the inhibitory activities of the novel inhibitors. Molecular docking studies were also carried out to find their binding sites and types of their interactions with the aromatase enzyme. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the most likely binding modes of compounds 5b,c with CYP19A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye
Acar Çevik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Ismail Celik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Jaime Mella
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valparaíso, Av. Great Britain, 1111 Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marco Mellado
- Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, 0000 Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
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15
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Tok F, Kaya M, Karaca H, Koçyiğit-Kaymakçıoğlu B. Synthesis of some novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Tok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Hülya Karaca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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16
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Feng LS, Su WQ, Cheng JB, Xiao T, Li HZ, Chen DA, Zhang ZL. Benzimidazole hybrids as anticancer drugs: An updated review on anticancer properties, structure-activity relationship, and mechanisms of action (2019-2021). Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200051. [PMID: 35385159 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, characterized by a deregulation of the cell cycle which mainly results in a progressive loss of cellular differentiation and uncontrolled cellular growth, remains a prominent cause of death across the world. Almost all currently available anticancer agents used in clinical practice have developed multidrug resistance, creating an urgent need to develop novel chemotherapeutics. Benzimidazole derivatives could exert anticancer properties through diverse mechanisms, inclusive of the disruption of microtubule polymerization, the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle (G2/M) arrest, antiangiogenesis, and blockage of glucose transport. Moreover, several benzimidazole-based agents have already been approved for the treatment of cancers. Hence, benzimidazole derivatives are useful scaffolds for the development of novel anticancer agents. In particular, benzimidazole hybrids could exert dual or multiple antiproliferative activities and had the potential to overcome drug resistance, demonstrating the potential of benzimidazole hybrids as potential prototypes for clinical deployment in the control and eradication of cancers. The purpose of the present review article is to provide a comprehensive landscape of benzimidazole hybrids as potential anticancer agents, and the structure-activity relationship as well as mechanisms of action are also discussed to facilitate the further rational design of more effective candidates, covering articles published from 2019 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Shun Feng
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qi Su
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bo Cheng
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xiao
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ze Li
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - De-An Chen
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Liu Zhang
- WuXi AppTec Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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17
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Kisla MM, Ates-Alagoz Z. Benzimidazoles Against Certain Breast Cancer Drug Targets: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2463-2477. [PMID: 35345997 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220328161217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzimidazoles are widely used scaffolds against various types of cancer including breast cancer. To this end, anticancer agents must be developed using the knowledge of the specific targets of BC. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aim to review the compounds used against some of the biomolecular targets of breast cancer. To this end, we present information about the various targets, with their latest innovative studies. CONCLUSION Benzimidazole ring is an important building block that can target diverse cancer scenarios since it can structurally mimic biomolecules in the human body. Additionally, many studies imply the involvement of this moiety on a plethora of pathways and enzymes related to BC. Herein, our target-based collection of benzimidazole derivatives strongly suggests the utilization of benzimidazole derivatives against BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Murat Kisla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ates-Alagoz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Hernández-López H, Tejada-Rodríguez CJ, Leyva-Ramos S. A Panoramic Review of Benzimidazole Derivatives and Their Potential Biological Activity. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1268-1280. [PMID: 34983345 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220104150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of the benzimidazole nucleus dates back to 1944, being and important heterocycle system due to its presence in a wide range of bioactive compounds such as antiviral, anticancer, antibacterial, and so on, where optimization of substituents in this class of pharmacophore has resulted in many drugs. Its extensive biological activity is due to its physicochemical properties like hydrogen bond donor-acceptor capability, π → π stacking interactions, coordination bonds with metals as ligands and hydrophobic interactions; properties that allow them to easily bind with a series of biomolecules, including enzymes and nucleic acids, causing a growing interest in these types of molecules. This review aims to present an overview to leading benzimidazole derivatives, as well as to show the importance of the nature and type of substituents at the N1, C2, and C5(6) positions, when they are biologically evaluated, which can lead to obtaining potent drug candidate with significant range of biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiram Hernández-López
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 98160, Zacatecas, Zac. México
| | | | - Socorro Leyva-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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Satija G, Sharma B, Madan A, Iqubal A, Shaquiquzzaman M, Akhter M, Parvez S, Khan MA, Alam MM. Benzimidazole based derivatives as anticancer agents: Structure activity relationship analysis for various targets. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garvit Satija
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Anish Madan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
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Ahsan MJ. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Containing Compounds As Therapeutic Targets For Cancer Therapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:164-197. [PMID: 33634756 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210226145837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the first or second leading cause of premature death in 134 of 183 countries in the world. 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles are five memebered heterocyclic rings containing two nitrogen (two atoms) and oxygen (one atom). They show better thermal stability, metabolic stability, aqueous solubility and lower lipophilicity than the other isomeric oxadiazoles. They are important class of heterocycles present in many drug structures like Raltegravir, Furamizole Tidazosin, Nesapidil, Setileuton (MK-0633) and Zibotentan. Presence of this nucleus in the therapeutics has made them an indispensable anchor for drug design and development. Several 1,3,4-oxadiazoles are prepared and reported as anticancer agents by numerous scientists worldwide. OBJECTIVES The present review discusses the anticancer potentials together with the molecular targets of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles reported since 2010. The structure activity relationship (SAR) and molecular docking simulation on different targets have also been discussed herein. Some of the important cancer targets have also been explored. METHODS The most potent 1,3,4-oxadiazoles reported in literature was highlighted in the manuscript. The anticancer activity was reported in terms of growth percent (GP), percent growth inhibition (%GI), GI50, IC50, and LC50 and TGI. RESULTS 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles are an important heterocyclic scaffolds with broad spectrum biological activities. They may be either mono substituted or disubstituted and act as an indispensable anchor for drug design and discovery due to their thermal stability together with low lipophilicity. They exhibited anticancer potentials and showed the inhibitions of various cancer targets. CONCLUSION The discussion outlined herein will proved to be a helpful and vital tool for medicinal chemists investigating and working with 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and anticancer research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 039. India
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21
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Mohtat B, Bazaz Rastkar M, Bagheri Marandi G, Djahaniani H. Four-Component Synthesis of Functionalized 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives Bearing the 2-Amino benzothiazole Moiety. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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