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Kakoty V, Sarathlal KC, Kaur P, Wadhwa P, Vishwas S, Khan FR, Alhazmi AYM, Almasoudi HH, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Paudel KR, Kumar D, Dua K, Singh SK. Unraveling the role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:1409-1418. [PMID: 38082050 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative condition with its prevalence projected to 8.9 million individuals globally in the year 2019. Parkinson's disease affects both motor and certain non-motor functions of an individual. Numerous research has focused on the neuroprotective effect of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in Parkinson's disease. Discovered in 1993, GDNF is a neurotrophic factor identified from the glial cells which was found to have selective effects on promoting survival and regeneration of certain populations of neurons including the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. Given this property, recent studies have focused on the exogenous administration of GDNF for relieving Parkinson's disease-related symptoms both at a pre-clinical and a clinical level. This review will focus on enumerating the molecular connection between Parkinson's disease and GDNF and shed light on all the available drug delivery approaches to facilitate the selective delivery of GDNF into the brain paving the way as a potential therapeutic candidate for Parkinson's disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violina Kakoty
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - K C Sarathlal
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Palwinder Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Farhan R Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quwayiyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hassan Hussain Almasoudi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kamal Dua
- School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Kumar S, Wadhwa P. Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole based novel non-steroidal derivatives against prostate cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107029. [PMID: 38091717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in men leading to second most death causing cancer in men. Despite the availability of multiple treatment still the prevalence is high for prostate cancer. Steroidal antagonists associated with poor bioavailability, side effects while non-steroidal antagonists show serious side effects like gynecomastia. Therefore, there is a need of potential candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer with better bioavailability, good therapeutic effect and minimal side effects. In the same context, we have designed the series, SP1-SP25 based 3-phenyl-5-styryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole as the core structure. We successfully synthesized all 25 molecules in this series and characterized them using 1H, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, we conducted MTT assays using PC-3 cells and observed that all the compounds exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Notably, compounds SP04, SP16, and SP19 demonstrated a significant decrease in cell viability and exhibited potent activity compared to the other synthesized molecules and standard drug bicalutamide. Among them, SP04 emerged as the one of the most potent compounds with an IC50 value of 238.13 nM and an 89.99 % inhibition of PC-3 cells, compared to synthesized molecules and standard drug bicalutamide. Furthermore, we conducted ROS assays and androgen receptor inhibition assays using the potent compound SP04 and bicalutamide. The results indicated that SP04 increased ROS production and decreased androgen receptor expression dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we conducted a docking study to analyse the interaction patterns within the active site of the androgen receptor. ADMET analysis revealed that all the compounds exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and manageable toxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
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Sharma P, Kapoor B, Hussain MS, Singh G, Rani P, Saini B, Wadhwa P, Kumar R. Development and Validation of Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Doxorubicin and Clotrimazole. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2024; 22:86-96. [PMID: 38150558 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed to analyze the simultaneous estimation of doxorubicin and clotrimazole. The method was achieved by Nucleodur C18 column with dimension 250 × 4.6 mm (5 μm) using gradient elution. The mobile phase contained 0.2% formic acid (pH 3.2) and acetonitrile. The flow rate was kept at 1.0 mL/min and detection and quantitation of both drugs (doxorubicin and clotrimazole) were achieved using a photodiode array detector at 276 nm, which was the isosbestic point for both drugs. The proposed method was validated according to the current International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The developed method showed a linear response (R2 > 0.999), and was accurate (recoveries 97%-103%), precise (resolution ≤1.0%), sensitive, and specific. Thus, the developed RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs was successfully validated and can be utilized for the estimation of these drugs in the formulations being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pooja Rani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Balraj Saini
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Chaudhary M, Shaik S, Magan M, Hudda S, Gupta M, Singh G, Wadhwa P. A Brief Review on Recent Developments in Diels-Alder Reactions. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:COS-EPUB-137378. [PMID: 38310554 DOI: 10.2174/0115701794262102231214074336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The [4+2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition has been widely used for the synthesis of six-mem-ber scaffolds. In recent years, there have been significant developments in this area, including the discovery and design of novel dienes and dienophiles with improved reactivity and selectivity. These new building blocks can be used to develop diverse molecular structures with functional group compatibility. Additionally, there is the use of catalytic systems and metal-mediated reactions to enable asymmetric [4+2] cycloadditions, resulting in enantiomerically enriched products. Over-all, recent studies related to [4+2] Diels-Alder cycloaddition using numerous dienes, dienophiles, and catalysts in different reaction conditions have significantly improved the efficiency, selectivity, and versatility of the reaction, making it an increasingly important tool in the synthesis of complex organic molecules as presented in this review. These advancements offer exciting possibilities for the development of new methods and reagents for the construction of six-membered rings and the synthesis of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Chaudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Shareef Shaik
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Muskan Magan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Sharwan Hudda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Mukta Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, (Punjab), India
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Wadhwa P, Vij M, Dand N. Wave-Assisted Techniques, a Greener and Quicker Alternative to Synthesis of Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges: A Review. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2024; 18:207-219. [PMID: 36173084 DOI: 10.2174/1872210516666220928114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing applications of cyclodextrin and cyclodextrin-based nanosponges in formulation development has gained much attention from researchers towards needed research in this arena. Nanosponges are three-dimensional nanoporous versatile carriers in the pharmaceutical research field because of their capability to encapsulate lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs both in their crystalline structure by inclusion and non-inclusion phenomenon. This review sheds light on the advancements made in this field and the associated patents with regard to their synthesis while zooming in on the utilization of two novel energies (Microwave and ultrasonic) in accomplishing this goal and its future thereof. Microwave and ultrasound-assisted manufacturing of cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (CDNS) has been found superior to conventional heat-dependent methods due to rapid/homogenous heating and fast kinetics, which ultimately provide the final product with high yield and crystallinity relatively rapidly. The review article also defines several facets of microwave and ultrasound-assisted nanosponge synthesis including the synergism of microwave and ultrasonic energy and the theories behind them. This hitherto unexplored microwave-ultrasonic coupling technology could be a future technology to synthesize CD-NS with a better outcome. In the recent past, these novel energy processes have been used successfully in material synthesis at an industrial scale due to their swift and streamlined synthesis attributes. Likewise, these wave-assisted methods have the full potential to materialize the concept of CD-NS from lab scale to industrial scale as a competent and versatile drug carrier, having all the prerequisite characteristics, for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Mohit Vij
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
- Govt. Pharmacy College, Kangra at Nagrota Bagwan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Dand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
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Pal B, Kumari S, Kaur M, Wadhwa P, Murti K, Kumar R, Pandey K, Siddiqui NA, Dhingra S, Padmakar S. Barriers to the effective management and prevention of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in the Indian subcontinent. Med J Armed Forces India 2023; 79:500-505. [PMID: 37719909 PMCID: PMC10499647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin disease that usually occurs among individuals with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). PKDL cases act as a reservoir of parasites and may play a significant role in disease transmission. Hence, prompt detection and complete treatment of PKDL cases are crucial for the control and elimination of VL. The purpose of this review was to highlight the barriers to effective control and prevention of VL/PKDL as well as potential solutions in India. Main obstacles are lack of knowledge about the disease and its vector, poor treatment-seeking behaviours, ineffective vector control measures, lack of confirmatory diagnostics in endemic areas, limited drug choices, treatment noncompliance among patients, drug resistance, and a lack of an adequate number of trained personnel in the health system. Therefore, in order to control and successfully eliminate VL in the Indian subcontinent, early detection of PKDL cases, improved diagnosis and treatment, raising awareness, and effective vector control mechanisms are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Pal
- Assistant Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sweta Kumari
- Assistant Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Student, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Associate Professor, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Krishna Murti
- Assistant Professor (Pharmacy Practice), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Rishikesh Kumar
- Consultant (Biostatistics), Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Krishna Pandey
- Director, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Niyamat Ali Siddiqui
- Scientist E, (Biostatistics), Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (Indian Council of Medical Research), Agamkuan, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Sameer Dhingra
- Associate Professor (Pharmacy Practice), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Somanaboina Padmakar
- PhD Scholar, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
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Venugopal S, Kaur B, Verma A, Wadhwa P, Magan M, Hudda S, Kakoty V. Recent advances of benzimidazole as anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:357-376. [PMID: 37009821 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, with 9.6 million deaths yearly. As a life-threatening disease, it necessitates the emergence of new therapies. Resistance to current chemotherapies drives scientists to develop new medications that will eventually be accessible. Because heterocycles are so common in biological substances, compounds play a big part in the variety of medications that have been developed. The "Master Key" is the benzimidazole nucleus, which consists of a six-membered benzene ring fused with a five-membered imidazole/imidazoline ring, which is an azapyrrole. One of the five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles identified in American therapies that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Our results show that benzimidazole's broad therapeutic spectrum is due to its structural isosteres with purine, which improves hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions with topoisomerase complexes, intercalation with DNA, and other functions. It also enhances protein and nucleic acid inhibition, tubulin microtubule degeneration, apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, and other functions. Additionally, readers for designing the more recent benzimidazole analogues as prospective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Venugopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Muskan Magan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sharwan Hudda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Violina Kakoty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
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Mehra A, Sangwan R, Mehra A, Sharma S, Wadhwa P, Mittal A. Therapeutic charisma of imidazo [2,1-b] [1,3,4]-thiadiazole analogues: a patent review. Pharm Pat Anal 2023; 12:177-191. [PMID: 37671908 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidazothiadiazole was discovered around the 1950s era, containing an imidazole ring fused to a thiadiazole ring. Imidazothiadiazole exhibit versatile pharmacological properties including anticonvulsant, cardiotonic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer. Despite of the being discovered in 1950s, the imidazothiadiazole derivatives are unable to being processed to clinical trials because of lack of bioavailability, efficacy and cytotoxicity. The recent patent literature focused on structural modification of imidazothiadiazole core to overcome these problems. This review limelight a disease-centric perspective on patented imidazothiadiazole from 2015-2023 and to understand their mechanism of action in related diseases. The relevant granted patent applications were located using patent databases, Google Patents, USPTO, EPO, WIPO, Espacenet and Lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Rekha Sangwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Aryan Mehra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, NH-1, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
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Kumar S, Arora P, Wadhwa P, Kaur P. A Rationalized Approach to Design and Discover Novel Non-steroidal Derivatives through Computational Aid for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2023; 19:CAD-EPUB-132677. [PMID: 37365786 DOI: 10.2174/1573409919666230626113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in men, leading to the second most common cause of death in men. Despite the availability of multiple treatments, the prevalence of prostate cancer remains high. Steroidal antagonists are associated with poor bioavailability and side effects, while non-steroidal antagonists show serious side effects, such as gynecomastia. Therefore, there is a need for a potential candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer with better bioavailability, good therapeutic effects, and minimal side effects. OBJECTIVE This current research work focused on identifying a novel non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist through computational tools, such as docking and in silico ADMET analysis. METHODS Molecules were designed based on a literature survey, followed by molecular docking of all designed compounds and ADMET analysis of the hit compounds. RESULTS A library of 600 non-steroidal derivatives (cis and trans) was designed, and molecular docking was performed in the active site of the androgen receptor (PDBID: 1Z95) using AutoDock Vina 1.5.6. Docking studies resulted in 15 potent hits, which were then subjected to ADME analysis using SwissADME. ADME analysis predicted three compounds (SK-79, SK-109, and SK-169) with the best ADME profile and better bioavailability. Toxicity studies using Protox-II were performed on the three best compounds (SK-79, SK-109, and SK-169), which predicted ideal toxicity for these lead compounds. CONCLUSION This research work will provide ample opportunities to explore medicinal and computational research areas. It will facilitate the development of novel androgen receptor antagonists in future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India
| | - Pinky Arora
- School of bioengineering and biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Chitkara college of pharmacy, Chitkara university, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway (NH-64), Chandigarh, Punjab 140401
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India
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Vij M, Dand N, Kumar L, Wadhwa P, Wani SUD, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Alam P, Shakeel F. Optimisation of a Greener-Approach for the Synthesis of Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges for the Solubility Enhancement of Domperidone, a BCS Class II Drug. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040567. [PMID: 37111324 PMCID: PMC10144918 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BCS class II molecules suffer from low oral bioavailability because of their poor permeability and sub-optimal aqueous solubility. One of the approaches to enhance their bioavailability is using cyclodextrin-based nanosponges. This study aimed to optimise and evaluate the feasibility of a microwave-assisted approach to synthesise nanosponges and improve domperidone's solubility and drug delivery potential. In the production process, microwave power level, response speed, and stirring speed were optimised using the Box-Behnken approach. Ultimately, the batch with the smallest particle size and highest yield was chosen. The optimised method of synthesis of the nanosponges resulted in a product yield of 77.4% and a particle size of 195.68 ± 2.16 nm. The nanocarriers had a drug entrapment capacity of 84 ± 4.2% and a zeta potential of -9.17± 0.43 mV. The similarity and the difference factors demonstrated proof-of-concept, showing that the drug release from the loaded nanosponges is significantly greater than the plain drug. Additionally, spectral and thermal characterisations, such as FTIR, DSC, and XRD, confirmed the entrapment of the drug within the nanocarrier. SEM scans revealed the porous nature of the nanocarriers. Microwave-assisted synthesis could be used as a better and greener approach to synthesise these nanocarriers. It could then be utilised to load drugs and improve their solubility, as seen in the case of domperidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Vij
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Government Pharmacy College, Kangra Nagrota Bagwan, Matyari 176047, India
| | - Neha Dand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai 400614, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Amritsar 143149, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Shahid Ud Din Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Applied Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Somwanshi A, Wadhwa P, Raza A, Hudda S, Magan M, Khera K. Natural Alternatives to Non-biodegradable Polymers in 3D Printing of Pharmaceuticals. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2281-2290. [PMID: 37818585 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128259971230921111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to potential toxicity, non-biodegradable polymers used in 3D (3-dimensional) printing of drugs could be dangerous for patient safety and the environment. OBJECTIVE This review aims to investigate the toxicity of non-biodegradable polymers and investigate the use of natural materials as an alternative in 3D printing medicines. The study evaluates the dangers connected to 3D printing. METHODS A review of the literature on various 3D printing processes, such as inkjet printing, fused filament manufacturing, and extrusion-related 3DP systems, was done for this study. Also, the use of cellulose derivatives and natural materials in 3D printing and their potential as active excipients was proposed. RESULTS The review identified potential toxicity risks linked to non-biodegradable polymers used in drug 3D printing. As a potential fix for this issue, the use of natural materials with improved mechanical and thermal properties was explored. The use of cellulose derivatives as an alternative to non-biodegradable polymers in 3D printing pharmaceuticals was also investigated in the study. CONCLUSION This study emphasises the significance of evaluating the risks connected to drug 3D printing and recommends using natural materials as an alternative to non-biodegradable polymers. More study is required to create secure and reliable 3D printing processes for pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Somwanshi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
| | - Amir Raza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
| | - Sharwan Hudda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
| | - Muskan Magan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
| | - Kanav Khera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Grand Trunk Rd, Phagwara, Punjab 144001, India
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Kaur B, Venugopal S, Verma A, Sahu SK, Wadhwa P, Kumar D, Sharma A. Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Indole and Its Derivatives. Curr Org Synth 2023; 20:376-394. [PMID: 35538803 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666220509215722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds are a class of compounds that is deeply intertwined with biological processes and is found in about 90% of commercially available medicines. They serve a critical function in medicinal chemistry and are focused in the field of medication development for their intensive research due to their broad variety of biological effects because of their intriguing molecular architecture, such as indoles are good candidates for drug development. It is a bicyclic structure consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrole ring with several pharmacophores that yield a library of different lead compounds. Human cancer cells have been demonstrated to be inhibited by indoles in the development of new anticancer medicines. This is the first comprehensive review to focus on current methodologies for incorporating indole moiety, with their mechanistic targets as anticancer drugs, in order to shed light on the logical development of indole-based anticancer treatment options with high efficacy. This compiled data may serve as a benchmark for modifying existing ligands in order to design novel potent molecules through excellent yield synthesis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sneha Venugopal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Anil Verma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab, 144401, India
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab, 144401, India
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Kumar V, Kaur N, Sahu S, Sharma V, Kumar D, Sharma A, Wadhwa P. Role of Tyrosine Kinases and their Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2023; 30:1464-1481. [PMID: 35894454 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220727122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has been recognized as one of the non-communicable diseases with an increasing number of new cases, higher morbidity, and higher mortality rates at the global level. Thus, there is non-stop search for novel targets and small molecules to improve the chemotherapeutic outcomes concerning potency, selectivity, efficiency, affinity, ADMET, etc. Among anticancer therapeutic targets, tyrosine kinase has been documented well and approved as an important target with the development of various clinically used drugs. There are several structurally diverse small molecules in different preclinical and clinical stages of development that act by affecting tyrosine kinases in cancerous cells. Here, we have summarized different potent molecules acting against tyrosine kinases that can be considered as anticancer agents. OBJECTIVE The current review focused on structural aspects of different chemical agents for inhibition of tyrosine kinases as anticancer agents. METHODS The present study provides a summarized review of published information on tyrosine kinase inhibitors, their binding pattern, potencies, and structure-activity relationships. The review also highlighted the structural aspects of the interaction between inhibitors and amino acid residues of tyrosine kinases. Moreover, it also provided a summary of different types of cancers and the currently available options for treatment. RESULTS Several studies are being conducted for the inhibition of different tyrosine kinases using small molecules for the treatment of cancer. Tyrosine kinases have been reported involving in routine cellular functions, growth, and division of cells through different pathways which depend on phosphorylation. The overexpression and uncontrolled activity of tyrosine kinases have been identified as an important feature of cancerous cells. Thus, various small molecules have been reported which inhibit tyrosine kinases to block the growth and division of cancer cells. Here, more than 30 highly potent inhibitors of tyrosine kinases are summarised, which consist of pyrimidine, pyrazole, triazine, quinazoline, quinoline, pyrazine, chromene, etc. rings as a basic skeleton with different substituents. CONCLUSION Inhibition of tyrosine kinases by different small molecules is an approved strategy for the development of novel anticancer agents. Several published reports have mentioned the characteristics of the different binding sites and crucial residues in tyrosine kinases for the design of novel molecular inhibitors. However, selectivity is an important criterion for the development of chemotherapeutic agents due to the existence of approximately 30 families of tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanktesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Navjot Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Sanjeev Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab-144401, India
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Singh I, Sahu SK, Saini N, Sirohi R, Anuradha, Saini N, Wadhwa P, Kaur P, Sharma V, Singh G. Marine-derived Natural Products as Anticancer Agents. Med Chem 2022; 19:538-555. [PMID: 36476429 DOI: 10.2174/1573406419666221202144044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Cancer is a deadly human disease on the rise due to changes in lifestyle, nutrition, and global warming. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled, disordered, and undesired cell division. About 60% of cancer medicines approved by the FDA are made from natural ingredients. Intensive efforts over the last decade to better understand the vast chemical diversity provided by marine life have resulted in an intriguing "marine pipeline" of potential anticancer clinical and preclinical treatments. The molecular targets of marine products as anticancer drugs, as well as different reported compounds acting on distinct targets, are the topic of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqubal Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Nancy Saini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ritika Sirohi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Anuradha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Neetu Saini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Venugopal S, Kaur B, Verma A, Wadhwa P, Sahu SK. A Review On Modern Approaches To Benzimidazole Synthesis. Curr Org Synth 2022; 20:595-605. [PMID: 36221870 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666221010091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second most source of cessation of life globally with 9.6 million expirations each stage around the globe. The resistance to the current chemotherapies urges the researchers to develop new drugs to be available in the market. Among the wide range of drugs synthesized, heterocyclic compounds play a major role due to the abundance of heterocyclic rings in biological substances. In medicinal chemistry, benzimidazole is an important pharmacophore and a privileged structure. This bicyclic compound is made up of the fusion of a six-membered benzene ring and a five-membered imidazole ring with two nitrogen atoms at 1,3-positions. The benzimidazole ring has a great deal of stability. Many strong acids and alkalis do not affect benzimidazoles. Only under extreme conditions does benzimidazoles benzene ring cleave. Except in certain circumstances, the benzimidazole ring is also quite resistant to reduction. It is the most popular nucleus to study because of its wide range of biological functions. The recently developed methods for preparing benzimidazoles, such as condensation of o-phenylene diamines (OPDs) with aldehydes and many others using a wide range of nano, metal-based catalysts under solvent-free conditions, are discussed in detail in the current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Venugopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Anil Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144001, India
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Wadhwa P, Goel S, Talwar HS, Zafar F. Recurrent vesico-acetabulo-cutaneous fistula: lessons to be learnt. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/8/e250618. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-250618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A man in early 40s met with an accident with a complex pelvic fracture and extraperitoneal bladder injury and posterior urethral disruption 16 years ago. He additionally had left lumbar spinal segment mixed nerve injury, resulting in a foot drop. He underwent laparotomy and a diverting cystostomy at the time with a primary perineal urethroplasty a year later. He later developed pseudoarthrodesis of the hip joint, and poorly compliant bladder with complete block at bulbar urethra. A redo anastomotic urethroplasty was performed, hyperreflexive neurogenic bladder was managed with intravesical botox injections and underwent a hip replacement. Having defaulted botox injections, he developed a vesico-acetabulo-cutaneous fistula and the hip prosthesis was explanted. Later he underwent a ileal cystoplasty and a revision hip replacement. Ten years later, he presented with a recurrent fistula due to poor compliance with clean intermittent catheterisation. A challenging exploration with fistula excision was done with a primary bladder repair.
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Verma A, Kaur B, Venugopal S, Wadhwa P, Sahu S, Kaur P, Kumar D, Sharma A. Tetrazole: A privileged scaffold for the discovery of anti-cancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:419-442. [PMID: 35713482 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma, characterized by abnormal growth of cells and tissue, is a ubiquitously leading cause of mortality across the globe due to some carcinogenic factors. Currently, several anticancer agents are commercially available in the global market. However, due to their resistance and cost, researchers are gaining more interest in developing newer novel potential anticancer agents. In the search for new drugs for clinical use, the tetrazole ring system has emerged as an exciting prospect in the optimization studies of promising lead molecules. Among the various heterocyclic agents, tetrazole-containing compounds have shown significant promise in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, particularly cancer. Here, in this review, we focused on several synthetic approaches for the synthesis of tetrazole analogues, their targets for treating cancer along with the biological activity of some of the recently reported tetrazole-containing anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sneha Venugopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Ajit Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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18
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Curtis J, Teasdale S, Morell R, Wadhwa P, Lederman O, Fibbins H, Watkins A, Ward P. Implementation of a lifestyle and life-skills intervention to prevent weight-gain and cardiometabolic abnormalities in people with first-episode psychosis: the Keeping the Body in Mind program. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567044 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The development of obesity and metabolic abnormalities that seed future ill-health occur early with antipsychotic treatment. In 2013, the 12-week Keeping the Body in Mind (KBIM) pilot lifestyle intervention was delivered to a small sample of youth experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) with <4 weeks of antipsychotic exposure in a cluster-controlled design. The control group experienced significant increases in weight (mean 7.8kg) and waist circumference (mean 7.1cm) compared to non-significant increases (mean 1.8kg) in the KBIM group. Objectives To evaluate the effect of KBIM as routine care on anthropometry and metabolic biochemistry in a larger sample of youth with FEP across three mental health services. Methods This retrospective chart audit was conducted on youth with FEP, prescribed a therapeutic dose of antipsychotic medication, and who engaged with KBIM between 2015 and 2019. Primary outcomes were weight and waist circumference. Secondary outcomes were blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipids. Outcomes were collected in a pre-post design. Implementation elements were also obtained from the participant’s medical file. Results One-hundred and eighty-two people met inclusion criteria. Follow-up data were available on up to 134 people for individual outcomes. Mean number of sessions attended was 11.1 (SD=7.3). Weight and waist changes were limited to 1.5kg (SD=5.3, t(133)=3.2, p=0.002) and 0.7cm (SD=5.8, t(109)=1.2, p=0.23). Nineteen percent experienced clinically significant weight gain. There were no changes to blood pressure or metabolic biochemistry. Conclusions The positive outcomes for weight and waist circumference found in the initial pilot study were maintained with implementation as routine care. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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19
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Das U, Wadhwa P, Singh PK, Kalidindi DV, Nagpal K. The role of polymers and excipients for better gastric retention of captopril in past two decades. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2022; 39:85-106. [DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2022042122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Kaur N, Kumar V, Nayak SK, Wadhwa P, Kaur P, Sahu SK. Alpha-amylase as molecular target for treatment of diabetes mellitus: A comprehensive review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:539-560. [PMID: 34173346 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The alpha (α)-amylase is a calcium metalloenzyme that aids digestion by breaking down polysaccharide molecules into smaller ones such as glucose and maltose. In addition, the enzyme causes postprandial hyperglycaemia and blood glucose levels to rise. α-Amylase is a well-known therapeutic target for the treatment and maintenance of postprandial blood glucose elevations. Various enzymatic inhibitors, such as acarbose, miglitol and voglibose, have been found to be effective in targeting this enzyme, prompting researchers to express an interest in developing potent alpha-amylase inhibitor molecules. The review mainly focused on designing different derivatives of drug molecules such as benzofuran hydrazone, indole hydrazone, spiroindolone, benzotriazoles, 1,3-diaryl-3-(arylamino) propan-1-one, oxadiazole and flavonoids along with their target-receptor interactions, IC50 values and other biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Vanktesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Nayak
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Paranjit Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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21
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Das U, Wadhwa P. Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical and Drug Formulation. ARTIF INTELL 2021. [DOI: 10.1201/9781003095910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Wadhwa P, Jain P, Jadhav HR. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3): Its Role and Inhibitors. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1522-1534. [PMID: 32416693 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200516153136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3) is one of the Serine/Threonine protein kinases, which has gained a lot of attention for its role in a variety of pathways. It has two isoforms, GSK3α and GSK3β. However, GSK3β is highly expressed in different areas of the brain and has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease as it is involved in tau phosphorylation. Due to its high specificity concerning substrate recognition, GSK3 has been considered as an important target. In the last decade, several GSK3 inhibitors have been reported and two molecules are in clinical trials. This review collates the information published in the last decade about the role of GSK3 in Alzheimer's disease and progress in the development of its inhibitors. Using this collated information, medicinal chemists can strategize and design novel GSK3 inhibitors that could be useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priti Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemant R Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Wadhwa P, Jain P, Jadhav HR. Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 4-Oxo-6-Substituted Phenyl- 2-Thioxo1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidine-5-Carbonitrile Derivatives as HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999201022193325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim::
To design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-
thioxo1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives as HIV integrase strand transfer
inhibitors.
Background::
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), a member of retroviridae family, is the
primary causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Three enzymes viz: integrase
(IN), reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease play important role in its replication cycle. HIV-1
integrase is responsible for the incorporation of viral DNA into human chromosomal DNA by catalyzing
two independent reactions, 3′-processing (3′-P) and strand transfer (ST), which are observed
as the “point of no-return” in HIV infection.
Objective::
To develop inhibitors against HIV integrase strand transfer step.
Methods::
Our previous results indicated that tetrahydro pyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivatives are
potent HIV-1 IN inhibitors (unpublished results from our laboratory). Taking clue from above studies
and our own experience, we hypothesized 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo1,2,3,4-
tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile analogues (14a to 14n) as inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase strand
transfer. Prototype compound 14 can be viewed as hybrid structure having characteristics of dihydropyrimidine
derivatives 10-12 and tyrphostin 13.
Result::
A total of fourteen derivatives of 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-
5-carbonitrile (14a-14n) were synthesized and evaluated using HIV-1 Integrase Assay
Kit (Xpressbio Life Science Products, USA). The percentage inhibition of all compounds was investigated
at 10 μM concentration and IC50 value of few highly active compounds was studied. The
obtained results were validated by in silico molecular docking study using Glide (maestro version
9.3, Schrödinger suite) in extra precision (XP) mode.
Conclusion::
Fourteen 4-oxo-6-substituted phenyl-2-thioxo 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile
analogues were synthesized and evaluated for HIV-1 IN inhibitory activity. Three compounds 14a,
14e, and 14h exhibited significant percentage inhibition of HIV-1 IN. There was good in vitro - in
silico correlation. However, none of the derivative was active against HIV-1 and HIV-2 below their
cytotoxic concentration. It needs to be seen whether these compounds can be explored further for
their anti-HIV or cytotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan,India
| | - Priti Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan,India
| | - Hemant R. Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan,India
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Wadhwa P, Kumar V, Kaur N. Clinical evidence on the effects of saffron ( crocus sativus l.) in anxiety and depression. World J Tradit Chin Med 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_35_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wadhwa P, Kumar V, Kaur N. Clinical evidence on the effects of saffron ( crocus sativus l.) in anxiety and depression. World J Tradit Chin Med 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.321340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Pandey PK, Patel M, Manigauha A, Wadhwa P, Sahu SK. Simultaneous estimation for Dicyclomine HCl and Simethicone in bulk and oral liquid drop formulation: an RP-HPLC method development and validation. Futur J Pharm Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A new, validated, and selective RP-HPLC technique was established for quantitative estimation of Dicyclomine HCl and Simethicone in the pharmaceutical oral liquid drop formulations. The chromatographic conditions were adjusted using Luna C18 (25 cm × 0.46 cm, 5 μm) column, water-methanol mixture (80:20, v/v) as solvent system and pH adjustment up to 7.4 using orthophosphoric acid. The absorbance was observed at 289 nm λmax injecting 20 μl sample solution and maintain the ambient temperature (30 °C) with 1 ml per min flow rate.
Results
The retention times of Dicyclomine HCl and Simethicone were determined 2.962 and 4.091 min, respectively. The developed analytical technique was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, specificity, sensitivity, ruggedness, and robustness as per ICH guidelines. The LOD was found to be 0.72 and 0.57 μg per ml for Dicyclomine HCl and Simethicone, respectively. But, LOQ was 2.19 and 1.73 μg per ml, respectively.
Conclusions
This validated method showed good precision (RSD% < 1) with acceptable linearity (≥ 0.999). Intra- and inter-day relative RSD of retention times and AUC (area under curve) were found to be less than 2.0%. The method was also significantly useful as economic technique for simultaneous quantitative determination of Dicyclomine HCl and Simethicone in the bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.
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Gupta SB, Wadhwa P. Evaluation of Antibiotics use in Orthopedic Procedures. J Young Pharm 2020. [DOI: 10.5530/jyp.2020.12s.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Wadhwa P, Jain P, Jadhav HR. Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of 2-Oxo-N-substituted Phenyl- 2H-chromene-3-carboxamide Derivatives as HIV Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666190617150803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A series of eighteen 2-Oxo-N-substituted phenyl- 2H-chromene-3-
carboxamide analogues has been evaluated for HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibition.
Methods:
The derivatives were synthesized via a two-step pathway commencing with 2-
hydroxybenzaldehyde and diethyl malonate followed by hydrolysis of ester and coupling with various
aromatic amines. The HIV-1 IN inhibitory potential of these compounds has been studied relative
to dolutegravir, a known HIV-1 IN inhibitor using a standard available kit.
Results:
Six molecules (compounds 13h, 13i, 13l, 13p to 13r) showed significant inhibition of HIV-
1 integrase 3′-strand transfer with IC50 values less than 1.7 μM. The presence of chromene-3-
carboxamide motif was shown to be crucial for the enzymatic activity. In addition, molecular modelling
studies were also done to justify the IN inhibition and in vitro-in silico correlation was drawn.
Conclusion:
However, these compounds did not show HIV-1 and HIV-2 inhibition below their cytotoxic
concentration indicating that these compounds cannot be taken further for anti-HIV activity as
such and require structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priti Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hemant R. Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Wadhwa P, Jain P, Rudrawar S, Jadhav HRA. Quinoline, Coumarin and Other Heterocyclic Analogs Based HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2019; 15:2-19. [PMID: 28558629 DOI: 10.2174/1570163814666170531115452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase or HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a 288 amino acid protein that incorporates the retrotranscribed viral DNA into the host chromosomal DNA. Over the past 30 years, large number of derivatives have been evaluated for their inhibitory potential against IN. There is vast literature available which need to be collated to help scientists plan the future drug design. This review discusses the reports of past 25 years on analogs of quinoline, coumarin and other related heterocycles, which exhibit low micromolar inhibitory potency against IN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priti Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia
| | - Hemant R A Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani- 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Scholaske L, Buss C, Wadhwa P, Entringer S. 1.11-P9Maternal acculturation potentiates the effect of low socio-economic status on birth weight in a cohort of Mexican-American women in the US. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Scholaske
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Psychological Medicine, Germany
| | - C Buss
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Psychological Medicine, Germany
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - P Wadhwa
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - S Entringer
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Psychological Medicine, Germany
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Wadhwa P, Jain P, Jadhav HR. QSAR and Docking Studies of N-hydroxy Urea Derivatives as Flap Endonuclease-1 Inhibitors. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2016; 11:346-52. [PMID: 26603927 DOI: 10.2174/1573409912666151124233628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flap endonuclease-I (FEN-1) is involved in DNA repair and considered to be a novel target for the development of anticancer agents. N-hydroxy urea derivatives have been reported as FEN-1 inhibitors. To derive in vitro and in silico correlation, we have performed 2D-quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) analysis and docking studies on these compounds. 2D-QSAR models were developed using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and cross-validation using leave one out (LOO) method. The best model displayed R(2) of 0.806 and Q(2) of 0.607. Docking study revealed key interactions with desired amino acids and compare well with the in vitro potency of the reported compounds. Both studies reveal a link between FEN-1 inhibition and physicochemical descriptors or interactions with amino acids in active site. The information generated is first of its kind and may be helpful in the design of novel FEN-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hemant R Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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Morrison VA, Hamlin P, Soubeyran P, Stauder R, Wadhwa P, Aapro M, Lichtman SM. Approach to therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the elderly: the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG) expert position commentary. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1058-1068. [PMID: 25635006 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a treatable and potentially curable malignancy that is increasing in prevalence in the elderly. Until recently, older patients with this malignancy were under-represented on clinical treatment trials, so optimal therapeutic approaches for these patients were generally extrapolated from the treatment of younger patients with this disorder. Because of heightened toxicity concerns, older patients were sometimes given reduced dose therapy, potentially negatively impacting outcome. Geriatric considerations including functional status and comorbidities often were not accounted for in treatment decisions. Because of these issues as well as the lack of treatment guidelines for the elderly population, the International Society of Geriatric Oncology convened an expert panel to review DLBCL treatment in the elderly and develop consensus guidelines for therapeutic approaches in this patient population. The following treatment guidelines address initial DLBCL therapy, in both limited and advanced stage disease, as well as approaches to the relapsed and refractory patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Morrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis.
| | - P Hamlin
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, USA
| | - P Soubeyran
- Hematology/Oncology Service, University of Bordeaux and Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - R Stauder
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology and Oncology), Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Wadhwa
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis
| | - M Aapro
- Institut Multidisciplinaire d'Oncologie, Clinique de Genolier, Genolier, Switzerland
| | - S M Lichtman
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, USA; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Commack, USA
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Wadhwa S, Bali S, Wadhwa P. 'Porcelain kidney': case report and review of the literature. Urol Int 2012; 88:370-2. [PMID: 22415054 DOI: 10.1159/000335490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A rare case of pan-subepithelial dystrophic calcium deposition and bone marrow formation in hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis is reported and discussed. An elderly gentleman presented with accelerated hypertension, a nonfunctioning left kidney secondary to obstructive nephrolithiasis with additional pancalyceal calcification. His left retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy specimen revealed sterile hydronephrosis secondary to an impacted ureteropelvic junction stone and pan-subepithelial fibrocalcific lamellar deposition. Special stains confirmed end-stage renal disease with chronic pyelonephritis with subepithelial dystrophic calcium deposition and evidence of bone marrow formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Wadhwa
- Department of Anatomy, University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
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Ghosh S, Wadhwa P, Kumar A, Pai K, Seshadri S, Manohar C. Abnormal radiological features in a multiple myeloma patient: a case report and radiological review of myelomas. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 40:513-8. [PMID: 22065801 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/74265829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is the prototype of malignant monoclonal gammopathies. The most common skeletal sites are pelvis, skull, spine, ribs and femoral and humeral shafts. The classic radiographic presentation of multiple myeloma is lytic skeletal lesions. Other types of presentation include sclerotic and porotic changes. Primary sclerotic manifestations are rare and occur in only 3% of cases. Although exceptional, multiple myeloma must be borne in mind in the presence of bone sclerosis. This report presents a patient with multiple myeloma with a sunburst/hair-on-end pattern on the radiograph and sclerotic skeletal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghosh
- Center for Dental Education & Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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35
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Seth A, Saini A, Chaudhary S, Nayak B, Saxena V, Wadhwa P. VID-03.04: Malignant Adrenal Pheochromocytoma with Atriocaval Thrombus. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Urology, St. Stephen's Hospital, Delhi-110 054, India
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37
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Wadhwa S, Wadhwa P, Dinda AK, Gupta NP. Differential expression of potassium ion channels in human renal cell carcinoma. Int Urol Nephrol 2008; 41:251-7. [PMID: 18777199 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-008-9459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ether-a-go-go (EAG) or EAG-related (ERG) voltage-gated potassium ion channels are involved in tumor generation and progression. Their over- and/or misexpression has been demonstrated in various tumors, and inhibition of these channels has suppressed proliferation of various cancer cells. We investigate and compare the pattern of expression of EAG and human ERG (HERG) channels in renal cell carcinoma and "normal" renal tissue. METHOD Tissue samples, obtained at the time of radical nephrectomy from the tumor-bearing areas, and uninvolved renal tissue were preserved in 4% paraformaldehyde and cryosectioned at 20 mum. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis was performed on the tumor and uninvolved kidney parenchyma by incubating with polyclonal anti-HERG 1b (Alomone Lab, Israel), anti-EAG1, and anti-EAG2. Pattern of expression of EAG/HERG channels in normal renal tissue and carcinoma were noted and compared. RESULTS The study was performed on 16 radical and four partial nephrectomy specimens (n = 20). All tumors in the cohort were clear cell renal carcinoma. Normal renal tissue was found to exhibit heterogeneous cytoplasmic positivity for EAG1 and focal HERG immunoreactivity (IR) in the proximal (PCT) and distal convoluted tubules (DCT). EAG2 IR was absent in the normal renal tissue. Clear cell RCC demonstrated a loss of HERG expression while diffuse overexpression of EAG1 and EAG2 was noted. Western blot analysis corroborated the immunohistochemical observations. CONCLUSIONS In our study both EAG1 and EAG2 potassium channels were overexpressed in clear cell renal cancer. In contrast to other adenocarcinomas, there is loss of HERG expression in clear cell RCC, which may possibly explain its chemoresistance. These ion channels may provide a potential for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Wadhwa
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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38
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Hemal AK, Kolla SB, Wadhwa P, Dogra PN, Gupta NP. Laparoscopic radical cystectomy and extracorporeal urinary diversion: a single center experience of 48 cases with three years of follow-up. Urology 2008; 71:41-6. [PMID: 18242362 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Revised: 07/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report our experience with laparoscopic radical cystectomy and extracorporeal urinary diversion for high-grade muscle invasive bladder cancer in a consecutive series of 48 patients with 3 years of follow-up. METHODS From June 1999 to April 2006, 48 patients (42 men and 6 women; mean age 59 years, range 24 to 80) with bladder cancer underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection at our institution. Urinary diversion was done extracorporeally through the specimen extraction incision. RESULTS The mean operating time was 310 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 456 mL. In 1 patient, conversion to open surgery was required because of severe hypercarbia. Three major complications were observed intraoperatively (rectal injury in 2 and external iliac vein injury in 1 patient). However, all these complications were managed laparoscopically, with completion of the procedure laparoscopically. The mean hospital stay was 10.2 days (range 7 to 25). One patient died in the postoperative period of severe lower respiratory tract infection and septicemia. Histologic examination showed organ-confined tumors (Stage pT1/pT2/pT3a) in 34 patients (71%) and extravesical disease (pT3b/pT4) in 14 (29%). Of the 48 patients, 12 (25%) had lymph node involvement. The mean number of nodes removed was 14 (range 4 to 24). At a mean follow-up period of 38 months (range 10 to 72), 35 patients were alive with no evidence of disease (disease-free survival rate 73%). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that laparoscopic radical cystectomy is a safe, feasible, and effective alternative to open radical cystectomy. Extracorporeal urinary diversion through a small incision decreases the operating time, while maintaining the benefits of laparoscopic surgery. The 3-year oncologic efficacy was comparable to that of open radical cystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Hemal
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Abstract
Symptomatic prostatic cyst presenting as obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is an infrequent diagnosis in males. Midline cysts are much more likely to obstruct the bladder outlet. We report our experience with four such cases in the last one year, along with a short review of the literature. Two of these cases had additional presenting symptoms besides LUTS - febrile Urinary tract infection (UTI) with perinephric abscess and primary infertility. One case had an anterior midline prostatic cyst which is an extremely rare entity. The remaining three had midline posterior cysts. All cases were treated with transurethral marsupialization, had good relief of symptoms and no adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Nayyar
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029, India
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Hemal AK, Kolla SB, Wadhwa P. Evaluation of laparoscopic radical cystectomy for loco-regionally advanced bladder cancer. World J Urol 2007; 26:161-6. [PMID: 18030474 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-007-0221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) in patients with loco-regionally advanced bladder cancer and report the short-term oncological outcome. This study comprised a total of 13 patients (10 males, 3 females), who presented with myriad of symptoms and on imaging they were found to have radiologically evident advanced disease (6 pelvic lymphadenopathies, 10 extravesical tumor extensions, three prostate/seminal vesical invasions). In view of recalcitrant symptoms (hematuria, frequency and irritative voiding) all patients underwent LRC and bilateral modified pelvic lymphadenectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion. Mean age of the patients was 56.3 years. Mean operative time was 310 min with an average blood loss of 556 ml. No major intra-operative complications were noted. One patient died in the post-operative period due to sepsis. Histopathology report revealed pT3b N0 in two patients; pT3b N1 in four; pT3b N2 in three; pT4a N0 in one, and pT4aN1 in three patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in nine patients. At mean follow up of 18 months (range 6-28), seven patients are alive and cancer-free, while two patients are alive with metastases. LRC provides an alternative approach for treatment of patients with loco-regionally advanced bladder cancer, who suffer from recurrent hematuria and severe irritative voiding symptoms, in whom open surgery was the standard approach hitherto. However, it should be considered experimental and should be attempted only by surgeons who have significant experience of laparoscopic pelvic surgery and advanced skills, and after discussing the potential risks and benefits with the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Hemal
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India.
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41
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Wadhwa P, Das C, Jain V, Sharma R, Hemal A. MP-14.03: Comparison of conventional vs. current imaging modalities in the evaluation of hemato-chyluria. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Wadhwa P, Aron M, Bal CS, Dhanpatty B, Gupta NP. Critical Prospective Appraisal of Renal Morphology and Function in Children Undergoing Shockwave Lithotripsy and Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. J Endourol 2007; 21:961-6. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2006.9928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Monish Aron
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Bal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B. Dhanpatty
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Narmada P. Gupta
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Wadhwa P, Wadhwa S, Chaudhury S, Dinda A, Nag T, Gupta N. POS-02.86: Expression of voltage-gated potassium ion channels in human renal cell cancer. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Kumar A, Gupta NP, Hemal AK, Wadhwa P. Comparison of Three Analgesic Regimens for Pain Control during Shockwave Lithotripsy Using Dornier Delta Compact Lithotripter: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Endourol 2007; 21:578-82. [PMID: 17638549 DOI: 10.1089/end.2006.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of oral diclofenac, topical eutectic mixture of local anesthesia (EMLA), and their combination for pain control during shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and to investigate the need for supplemental analgesia, patient satisfaction, and overall treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS A series of 240 consecutive patients with urolithiasis scheduled for SWL between May 2006 and December 2006 were randomized equally into three groups that were treated as follows: group A oral (tablet) diclofenac sodium 60 minutes prior to SWL (50 mg for body weight <70 kg; 100 mg for body weight >70 kg); group B occlusive dressing of EMLA (5 g) 60 minutes prior to SWL; group C combination of oral diclofenac sodium (in the prescribed dose) and occlusive dressing of EMLA (5 g) 60 minutes prior to SWL. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for the subjective evaluation of pain. The various parameters were recorded and analyzed statistically. RESULTS The total number of shock waves delivered, the maximum voltage used, and SWL duration were statistically greater in group C (P < 0.0001). The VAS scores at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 minutes and the supplemental analgesia requirement were statistically less in group C (P < 0.0001). The stone fragmentation rate, stone-free rate at 3 months (88.75%), and modified Efficiency Quotient (0.64) were statistically greater in group C (P < 0.0001). The post-SWL auxiliary procedure rate (P < 0.0001) and Steinstrasse rate (P = 0.03) were statistically less in group C. CONCLUSIONS The use of a combination of oral diclofenac sodium and an occlusive dressing of EMLA cream during SWL provides adequate analgesia with minimal morbidity, avoids the need for parenteral analgesics and their attendant side effects, and improves the success rate of SWL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar,New Delhi, India.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a safe and efficacious modality for pediatric urolithiasis. Recent reports claim good results even with larger stone burdens, irrespective of stone location. We reviewed the outcomes of SWL in the pediatric population at our center to assess the impact of stone burden and location and the age of the child on the stone-free rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS Records of 106 patients <or=16 years of age (mean age 10.9 years) treated with SWL for stones with a surface area of 20 to 600 mm2 (mean 124.17 mm2) from July 1989 to June 2004 were reviewed. Metabolic abnormalities were present in 20.7% of the patients. All procedures were performed using the Siemens Lithostar, and stone clearance was assessed 3 months after SWL. Complications and the need for re-treatment and ancillary procedures were noted, and the impacts of stone size and location and the age of the child on stone clearance were assessed. RESULTS The overall stone-free rate was 87% (complete clearance 72%; insignificant [<3-mm] residual fragments 15%). The re-treatment rate was 58%, and the efficiency quotient was 47. Whereas stone size correlated strongly with the stone-free rate (Mann-Whitney U test x = 0.004; chi-square test P = 0.02), patient age and stone location did not have a significant impact. CONCLUSIONS Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is an effective modality to treat pediatric upper urinary-tract calculi, especially when the stone burden is <200 mm2. Larger stone burdens are associated with poorer results, necessitate more ancillary procedures, and have a higher complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Hemal AK, Kumar A, Kumar R, Wadhwa P, Seth A, Gupta NP. Laparoscopic versus open radical nephrectomy for large renal tumors: a long-term prospective comparison. J Urol 2007; 177:862-6. [PMID: 17296361 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role of laparoscopy in the management of large renal tumors (more than 7 cm) is not clearly established. We prospectively evaluated the feasibility, safety and long-term results of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for large renal tumors (T2N0M0) and compared the results with those of open radical nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1998 and 2006, 112 patients with clinical stage T2N0M0 renal carcinoma underwent radical nephrectomy at our institution. Clinical data were prospectively collected after categorizing the patients into group 1-41 with laparoscopy and group 2-71 with open surgery. The choice of procedure was nonrandomized and it depended on patient and surgeon preference and experience. RESULTS The 2 groups were contemporary and comparable in terms of age, body mass index and mean tumor size (9.9 and 10.1 cm, respectively). Concomitant adrenalectomy was performed in 14 patients (34%) in group 1 and in 29 (41%) in group 2. Limited (hilar) lymphadenectomy was performed in 30 patients (73%) in group 1 and in 58 (81%) in group 2. Group 1 patients experienced significantly less blood loss, and had a decreased analgesic requirement, shorter hospital stay and more rapid convalescence, although they required longer operative time (180.8 vs 165.3 minutes, p=0.029). The 2 groups were followed for a similar period (mean 51.4 vs 57.2 months) and there was no difference in 5-year survival data. There were no local or port site recurrences. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for clinical stage T2 renal tumors is effective with the advantages of less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, decreased analgesic requirement and rapid recovery compared with open radical nephrectomy. Long-term results are also similar in the 2 groups of patients. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for large tumors is a technically difficult, challenging procedure and it should be attempted by surgeons with significant experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Hemal
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Hemal AK, Wadhwa P, Kolla SB. V477: Robotic Repair of Vesico-Vaginal Fistula: Technique. J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)32144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gupta NP, Kumar A, Hemal AK, Wadhwa P. 1319: Comparison of Three Analgesic Protocols for Pain Control During Shock Wave Lithotripsy using Dornier Alpha Compact Lithotripter: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial. J Urol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kumari G, Kumar P, Wadhwa P, Aron M, Gupta NP, Dogra PN. Radiation exposure to the patient and operating room personnel during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 38:207-10. [PMID: 16868684 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-005-4972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The increased use of fluoroscopy during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) places the urologist and operating room personnel at an occupational risk for measurable radiation exposure. We evaluated the degree of radiation exposure received by the patient and operating room personnel at our endourology facility during PCNL. PATIENTS AND METHOD The incident radiation dose to the patient and the urologist during 50 consecutive PCNL procedures was monitored using lithium fluoride thermo-luminescent dosimeter chips (TLD chips). A hand held radiation survey meter was used to measure the radiation in air at different positions occupied by various operating room personnel. The approximate distances of the various personnel from the X-ray tube were also measured. RESULTS PCNL was performed upon 35 males and 15 females. The average time for the procedure was 75 minutes (range: 30-150 min). The mean fluoroscopy screening time during the procedure was 6.04 min (range 1.8-12.16 min) with a mean fluoroscopy tube potential of 68 kVp and a mean tube current of 2.76 mA. The mean radiation exposure dose to the patient was 0.56 mSv (SD +/- 0.35), while the mean incident radiation exposure to the finger of the urologist was 0.28 mSv (SD +/- 0.13). CONCLUSION The various operating room personnel are within safe radiation dose limits during PCNL. Efficient fluoroscopy further reduces the radiation scatter. All occupational personnel should 'achieve as low as reasonably achievable' dose by adhering to good practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Kumari
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Wadhwa P, Gautam G, Aron M. Contrast induced obstructive anuria in uretero-pelvic junction obstruction secondary to a crossing vessel in a solitary kidney. Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 39:33-4. [PMID: 17268914 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-005-0248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute renal dysfunction due to iodinated contrast is usually associated with non-oliguric renal failure. We report an unusual occurrence of complete obstructive anuria in a case of uretero-pelvic junction obstruction secondary to an occlusive crossing vessel precipitated by an intravenous urogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, New Delhi, India
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