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Gong J, Yang J, Lai Y, Pan T, She W. A High-Quality Assembly and Comparative Analysis of the Mitogenome of Actinidia macrosperma. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:514. [PMID: 38674448 PMCID: PMC11049864 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Actinidia macrosperma, a traditional medicinal plant within the Actinidia genus, remains relatively understudied. This study aimed to sequence the mitogenome of A. macrosperma, determining its assembly, informational content, and developmental expression. The results revealed that the mitogenome of A. macrosperma is circular, spanning 752,501 bp with a GC content of 46.16%. It comprises 63 unique genes, including 39 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 23 tRNA genes, and three rRNA genes. Moreover, the mitogenome was found to contain 63 SSRs, predominantly mono-nucleotides, as well as 25 tandem repeats and 650 pairs of dispersed repeats, each with lengths equal to or greater than 60, mainly comprising forward repeats and palindromic repeats. Moreover, 53 homologous fragments were identified between the mitogenome and chloroplast genome (cp-genome), with the longest segment measuring 4296 bp. This study represents the initial report on the mitogenome of the A. macrosperma, providing crucial genetic materials for phylogenetic research within the Actinidia genus and promoting the exploitation of species genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.G.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, China;
| | - Yan Lai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.G.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tengfei Pan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.G.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenqin She
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.G.); (Y.L.); (T.P.)
- Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Waswa EN, Ding SX, Wambua FM, Mkala EM, Mutinda ES, Odago WO, Amenu SG, Muthui SW, Linda EL, Katumo DM, Waema CM, Yang JX, Hu GW. The genus Actinidia Lindl. (Actinidiaceae): A comprehensive review on its ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117222. [PMID: 37793579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Actinidia Lindl. belongs to the family Actinidiaceae. Plants of this genus are popularly known as kiwifruits and are traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments associated with digestive disorders, rheumatism, kidney problems, cardiovascular system, cancers, dyspepsia, hemorrhoids, and diabetes among others. AIM This review discusses the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical profile, and known pharmacological properties of Actinidia plants, to understand their connotations and provide the scientific basis for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were obtained by surveying journal articles, books, and dissertations using various search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Web of Science. The online databases; World Flora Online, Plants of the World Online, International Plant Names Index, and Global Biodiversity Information Facility were used to confirm the distribution and validate scientific names of Actinidia plants. The isolated metabolites from these species were illustrated using ChemBio Draw ultra-version 14.0 software. RESULTS Ten (10) species of Actinidia genus have been reported as significant sources of traditional medicines utilized to remedy diverse illnesses. Our findings revealed that a total of 873 secondary metabolites belonging to different classes such as terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alcohols, ketones, organic acids, esters, hydrocarbons, and steroids have been isolated from different species of Actinidia. These compounds were mainly related to the exhibited antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic, anticinoceptive, anti-tumor, and anticancer activities. CONCLUSION This study assessed the information related to the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical compounds, and pharmacological properties of Actinidia species, which indicate that they possess diverse bioactive metabolites with interesting bioactivities. Actinidia plants have great potential for applications in folklore medicines and pharmaceuticals due to their wide ethnomedicinal uses and biological activities. Traditional uses of several Actinidia species are supported by scientific evidences, qualifying them as possible modern remedies for various ailments. Nonetheless, the currently available data has several gaps in understanding the herbal utilization of most Actinidia species. Thus, further research into their toxicity, mechanisms of actions of the isolated bioactive metabolites, as well as scientific connotations between the traditional medicinal uses and pharmacological properties is required to unravel their efficacy in therapeutic potential for safe clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nyongesa Waswa
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Felix Muema Wambua
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elijah Mbandi Mkala
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elizabeth Syowai Mutinda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wyclif Ochieng Odago
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sara Getachew Amenu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Samuel Wamburu Muthui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Elive Limunga Linda
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hubei University, Wuhan, 430011, China
| | | | | | - Jia-Xin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan, 430200, China.
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Nefzi K, Charfi K, Maaroufi A, Hosni K, Msaada K, Baraket M, Nasr Z. Biological activities and determination of the mode of action of Tunisian Globularia alypum and Cistus monspeliensis ethanolic extracts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:127-137. [PMID: 36242557 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2133096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts (EEs) of Cistus monspeliensis and Globularia alypum. C. monspeliensis showed the highest values of phenolic compounds. Further, it was shown that EE of C. monspeliensis displayed the highest DPPH (IC50 = 8.3 ± 1.08 mg/mL). The chemical profiles demonstrated a total of 12 and 13 phenolic compounds for C. monspeliensis and G. alypum, respectively. EEs of both plants possessed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity when tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment of studied strains with these extracts at their MICs reduced considerably the bacterial viability. The extracts did not induce total bacterial lysis, as determined by the measurement of optical density at 620 nm. Strains treated with EEs at Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations showed significant loss of tolerance to NaCl. Our results contribute to understanding the antibacterial mechanism of ethanolic extracts of the studied medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Nefzi
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), LR11INRGREF0 Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, Carthage University, Ariana, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Belvédère, Tunis
| | - Karama Charfi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Belvédère, Tunis
| | - Abderrazek Maaroufi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Belvédère, Tunis
| | - Karim Hosni
- Laboratoire des substances naturelles, Institut National de Reherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimiques (IRAP), Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Msaada
- Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (LPAM), Biotechnology Center in Borj Cedria Technopole, Hammam-lif, Tunisia
| | - Mokhtar Baraket
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), LR11INRGREF0 Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, Carthage University, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Zouhaeir Nasr
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests (INRGREF), LR11INRGREF0 Laboratory of Management and Valorization of Forest Resources, Carthage University, Ariana, Tunisia
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Chemical composition, antimicrobial, and antioxidant cytotoxic activities of essential oil from Actinidia arguta. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:239. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Akram M, Riaz M, Munir N, Rasul A, Daniyal M, Ali Shah SM, Shariati MA, Shaheen G, Akhtar N, Parveen F, Akhter N, Owais Ghauri A, Chishti AW, Usman Sarwar M, Said Khan F. Progress and prospects in the management of bacterial infections and developments in Phytotherapeutic modalities. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1107-1119. [PMID: 32064656 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The advent of antibiotics revolutionized medical care resulting in significantly reduced mortality and morbidity caused by infectious diseases. However, excessive use of antibiotics has led to the development of antibiotic resistance and indeed, the incidence of multidrug-resistant pathogens is considered as a major disadvantage in medication strategy, which has led the scholar's attention towards innovative antibiotic sources in recent years. Medicinal plants contain a variety of secondary metabolites with a wide range of therapeutic potential against the resistant microbes. Therefore, the aim of this review is to explore the antibacterial potential of traditional herbal medicine against bacterial infections. More than 200 published research articles reporting the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants against drug-resistant microbial infections were searched using different databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), etc., with various keywords like medicinal plants having antibacterial activities, antimicrobial potentials, phytotherapy of bacterial infection, etc. Articles were selected related to the efficacious herbs easily available to local populations addressing common pathogens. Various plants such as Artocarpus communis, Rheum emodi, Gentiana lutea L., Cassia fistula L., Rosemarinus officinalis, Argemone maxicana L, Hydrastis canadensis, Citrus aurantifolia, Cymbopogon citrates, Carica papaya, Euphorbia hirta, etc, were found to have significant antibacterial activities. Although herbal preparations have promising potential in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection, still more research is required to isolate phytoconstituents, their mechanism of action as well as to find their impacts on the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Rasul
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Syed Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry (Semey branch), Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Ghazala Shaheen
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Farzana Parveen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhter
- College of Allied Health Professional, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aymen Owais Ghauri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Rayaz College of Eastern Medicine, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood Chishti
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Sarwar
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Said Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Interaction of Ziziphus mucronata subsp. mucronata Methanol Extract and First-Line Antibiotics is Synergistic In Vitro through Production of Reactive Oxygen Species. J Trop Med 2020; 2020:4087394. [PMID: 32328113 PMCID: PMC7168707 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4087394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased incidence of antibacterial resistance in microorganisms, combining natural products from plants with antibiotics may be considered interesting alternatives for synergy to attain multitarget effects. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Ziziphus mucronata and its interactions with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical importance were investigated. While its phytochemicals and antioxidant activities were determined by free radical scavenging assays, the antibacterial activities of the extract and its interactions with the antibiotics were determined by macrobroth dilution and the checkerboard methods. From the results, total phenolic content was 29.67 ± 1.90 mg GAE/100 g, total flavonoid content was 8.72 ± 0.08 mg QE/100 g, and total proanthocyanidin content was 1.94 ± 0.00 mg CE/100 g of dry plant material. The inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH, BHT, and ascorbic acid was equal to 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. Those of the ABTS, BHT, and ascorbic acid were equal to 0.02 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.03, and 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/ml, respectively. The checkerboard assay showed that combining the extract with different antibiotics resulted in synergistic (38.75%), indifferent (30%), additive (28.75%), and antagonistic (2.5%) interactions. The interactions between the extract and antibiotics resulting in enhanced antibacterial activities could have resulted from the antioxidant activities of the extract mopping up the ROS generated by the antibiotics or the ability of both extract and antibiotics simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species with deleterious effects resulting in synergistic antibacterial effects.
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Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang K, Song Y, He Q, Qian Q, Xu J. The complete chloroplast genome of Actinidia macrosperma. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:4188-4189. [PMID: 33366376 PMCID: PMC7707781 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1692733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinidia macrosperma (A. macrosperma) is a medicinal plant in China, which has been well known for its activities against leprosy and cancers. In this study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of A. macrosperma in an effort to provide genomic resources for promoting its conservation. The cp genome is 156,231 bp in length, containing a pair of 23,720 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions, which is separated by a large single copy region (LSC) of 88,214 bp and a small single copy region (SSC) of 20,577 bp. A total of 132 genes were annotated in this cp genome, including 85 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis highly supported that A. macrosperma was evolutionarily close to another Actinidia species Actinidia deliciosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Sun Nanjing Automatic Equipments Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqing Xu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Nanjing Visiable Information Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuyu He
- Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyu Qian
- Nanjing Visiable Information Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Nanjing Muzhou Software Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
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Abdi RD, Kerro Dego O. Antimicrobial activity of Persicaria pensylvanica extract against Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Keesey IW, Jiang N, Weißflog J, Winz R, Svatoš A, Wang CZ, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Plant-Based Natural Product Chemistry for Integrated Pest Management of Drosophila suzukii. J Chem Ecol 2019; 45:626-637. [PMID: 31257561 PMCID: PMC6661260 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Since the first reports of damage by Drosophila suzukii, the spotted-wing Drosophila (SWD), over a decade ago in Europe, widespread efforts have been made to understand both the ecology and the evolution of this insect pest, especially due to its phylogenetic proximity to one of the original model organisms, D. melanogaster. In addition, researchers have sought to find economically viable solutions for the monitoring and management of this agricultural pest, which has now swept across much of Europe, North America and Asia. In a new direction of study, we present an investigation of plant-based chemistry, where we search for natural compounds that are structurally similar to known olfactory cues from parasitoid wasps that in turn are well-described ovipositional avoidance cues for many Drosophila species. Here we test 11 plant species across two plant genera, Nepeta and Actinidia, and while we find iridoid compounds in both, only those odorants from Actinidia are noted to be detected by the insect antenna, and in addition, found to be behaviorally active. Moreover, the Actinidia extracts resulted in oviposition avoidance when they were added to fruit samples in the laboratory. Thus we propose the possible efficacy of these plants or their extracted chemistry as a novel means for establishing a cost-effective integrated pest management strategy towards the control of this pest fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W Keesey
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nanji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jerrit Weißflog
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Winz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, 120 Mt. Albert Road, Mt. Albert, Auckland 1025, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Chen-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Markus Knaden
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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Azad AK, Laboni FR, Rashid H, Ferdous S, Rashid SS, Kamal N, Labu ZK, Islam MS, Islam Sarker Z. In vitro evaluation of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. for thrombolytic, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial activities. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:2394-2397. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1538216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abul Kalam Azad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | - Harun Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sahena Ferdous
- Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Shah Samiur Rashid
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyberjaya University College of Medical Sciences, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zubair Khalid Labu
- Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. S. Islam
- Faculty of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zaidul Islam Sarker
- Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Ndam LM, Mih AM, Tening AS, Fongod AGN, Temenu NA, Fujii Y. Phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia golondrina L.C. Wheeler (Euphorbiaceae Juss.): an unexplored medicinal herb reported from Cameroon. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:264. [PMID: 27006873 PMCID: PMC4775723 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-1928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining the phytochemical constituents of Euphorbia golondrina L.C. Wheeler, an alien invasive medicinal herb that is used for the treatment of gastroenteritis related ailments, diabetes, conjunctivitis, gastritis, enterocolitis, tonsillitis, vaginitis, hemorrhoids, prostatism, warts and painful swellings by the Mundani people of the mount Bambouto Caldera in SouthWestern Cameroon, and to evaluate its in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Susceptibility testing by agar well diffusion assay revealed good antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameter of 20 ± 1.1 mm against Bacillus cereus followed by Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 17 ± 1.6 mm which was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the positive control (amoxicillin). None of the fungi was inhibited by the acetone extract of E. golondrina except Candida albicans wherein the zone of inhibition was not significantly different from that of the positive control (Amphotericin B). The ABTS scavenging activity of E. golondrina was higher than that of gallic acid and BHT at concentrations greater than 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL respectively while at all concentrations, nitric oxide scavenging activity was higher than those of both rutin and vitamin C. GC–MS profile of E. golondrina steam distilled volatiles revealed that the plant has potent phytoconstituent classes such as sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, alkaloids, phenolics and aromatic hydrocarbons. Among the 30 compounds identified, caryophyllene oxide (14.16 %), camphor (9.41 %) and phytol (5.75 %) were the major compounds. Further structural characterisation based on 1H and 13C NMR is required to demonstrate structural integrity including correct stereochemistry. The current study partially justifies the ethnomedicinal uses of E. golondrina in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Monah Ndam
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Fako, South West Region Cameroon
| | - Afui Mathias Mih
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Fako, South West Region Cameroon
| | - Aaron Suh Tening
- Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Fako, South West Region Cameroon
| | | | - Nkegua Anna Temenu
- ABA Home Health Care Inc., 821 Kennedy Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 USA
| | - Yoshiharu Fujii
- Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu Campus, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509 Japan
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Dhama K, Tiwari R, Chakrabort S, Saminathan M, Kumar A, Karthik K, Wani MY, . A, Singh SV, Rahal A. Evidence Based Antibacterial Potentials of Medicinal Plants and Herbs Countering Bacterial Pathogens Especially in the Era of Emerging Drug Resistance: An Integrated Update. INT J PHARMACOL 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2014.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Evaluation of combination effects of ethanolic extract of Ziziphus mucronata Willd. subsp. mucronata Willd. and antibiotics against clinically important bacteria. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:769594. [PMID: 23737727 PMCID: PMC3655675 DOI: 10.1155/2013/769594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A pragmatic approach to the treatment of infectious diseases with multicausal agents and prevention of the development of resistant isolates is the combination of herbal remedies with the first-line antimicrobial agents to which most of them have become resistant. This study evaluated the interactions between the ethanolic bark extract of Ziziphus mucronata with known antimicrobial agents in vitro. In this study, the results showed that varied zones of inhibitions (ZME-chloramphenicol (17-42 mm), ZME-amoxicillin (17-35 mm), ZME-tetracycline (17-36 mm), ZME-ciprofloxacin (20-41 mm), ZME-nalidixic acid (17-34 mm), and ZME-kanamycin (17-38 mm)) were produced by the antibacterial combinations. At the highest combined concentrations, 12 isolates (ZME-ciprofloxacin) > 10 isolates (ZME-chloramphenicol) = (ZME-kanamycin) > 6 isolates (ZME-amoxicillin) = (ZME-nalidixic acid) and 5 isolates (ZME-tetracycline) were inhibited with zones of inhibition greater than 20 ± 1.0 mm. Although the agar diffusion assay suggested that the interactions between the ethanolic extract of Z. mucronata and the antibiotics were both synergistic and additive in nature, the fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) showed that the interactions were synergistic (54.17%), additive (27.78%), indifferent (16.67%), and antagonistic (1.39%). While the fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) for synergism ranged between 0.00391 and 0.5, that of additivity ranged between 0.516 and 1.0, indifferences ranged between 1.062 and 3.0 and antagonistic interaction was 5.0. The synergistic effects implied that the antibacterial combinations would be more effective and useful in the treatment of multicausal and multidrug-resistant bacteria than a single monotherapy of either antibacterial agent.
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Skinner MA, Bentley-Hewitt K, Rosendale D, Naoko S, Pernthaner A. Effects of kiwifruit on innate and adaptive immunity and symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2013; 68:301-320. [PMID: 23394995 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394294-4.00017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of an adequate and properly regulated immune system is essential for health and well-being. Components in food may modulate immune responses in a positive way (immunonutrition), and some of these components are present in kiwifruit. Kiwifruit contains vitamin C, carotenoids, polyphenols, and dietary fiber, and these are all potentially beneficial to the immune system. Research that has contributed to our understanding of the beneficial effects that kiwifruit may have on immune responses spans from in vitro studies using cell lines and human blood cells, to using animal models targeting both mucosal and systemic immunity. Some limited human intervention trials have been undertaken and are described, in which kiwifruit has been shown to influence a number of biomarkers of oxidative stress and beneficial immune responses, to reduce the incidence and severity of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections and potentially be more beneficial than supplementation with vitamin C alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot A Skinner
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Olajuyigbe OO, Afolayan AJ. In vitro antibacterial and time-kill evaluation of the Erythrina caffra Thunb. extract against bacteria associated with diarrhoea. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:738314. [PMID: 23213297 PMCID: PMC3504411 DOI: 10.1100/2012/738314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial activities of stem bark ethanolic extract of Erythrina caffra Thunb. against bacteria in diarrhoea was determined in vitro by the agar diffusion and dilution, macrobroth dilution, and time-kill assay methods. The result showed that the extract produced inhibition zones ranging between 15 ± 1.0 mm and 23 ± 1.0 mm, and the bacteria were susceptible at concentrations ranging between ≤100 and ≤1000 μg/mL. While the MICs of the extract ranged between 39.1 and 625 μg/mL, and the MBCs ranged between 78.1 and 625 μg/mL, the MICs of Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris CSIR 0030, Enterococcus faecalis KZN, and Staphylococcus aureus OK3 were less than 100 μg/mL, and the mechanisms of antibiosis indicated that the crude ethanolic extract was highly bactericidal against the entire test bacteria isolates. In the time-kill assay, the average log reduction of the viable cell count ranged between 0.916log 10 and 1.851log 10 cfu/mL on incubating the bacteria for 4 h at the MICs, while the reduction ranged between 0.183log 10 and 1.105log 10 cfu/mL after 8 h of incubation. Incubating the bacteria for 4 h at 2 × MICs resulted in the reduction of the viable cell count to between −0.264log 10 and 0.961log 10 cfu/mL, while the average log reduction ranged between −3.968log 10 and −0.425log 10 cfu/mL after 8 h of incubation with Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris CSIR 0030, and Staphylococcus aureus OK3 being the most highly affected bacteria. The result showed that the extract exhibited broader-spectrum antibacterial activity and justifies the use of Erythrina caffra in the folkloric medicine for treating gastrointestinal infections in South Africa.
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Shahnia M, Schaffner DW, Khanlarkhani A, Shahraz F, Radmehr B, Khaksar R. Modeling the Growth of Escherichia coli
under the Effects of Carum copticum
Essential Oil, pH, Temperature and NaCl Using Response Surface Methodology. J Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shahnia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1981619573 Iran
| | | | - Ali Khanlarkhani
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Material; Material and Energy Research Center; Karaj Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shahraz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1981619573 Iran
| | - Behrad Radmehr
- Department of Food Hygiene; Veterinary Faculty, Islamic Azad University-Karaj branch; Karaj Iran
| | - Ramin Khaksar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1981619573 Iran
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Olajuyigbe OO, Afolayan AJ. Synergistic interactions of methanolic extract of Acacia mearnsii De Wild. with antibiotics against bacteria of clinical relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:8915-8932. [PMID: 22942742 PMCID: PMC3430273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13078915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms, combining medicinal plants with synthetic or orthodox medicines against resistant bacteria becomes necessary. In this study, interactions between methanolic extract of Acacia mearnsii and eight antibiotics were investigated by agar diffusion and checkerboard assays. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of all the antibiotics ranged between 0.020 and 500 μg/mL while that of the crude extract varied between 0.156 and 1.25 mg/mL. The agar diffusion assay showed that extract-kanamycin combination had zones of inhibition ≥20 ± 1.0 mm in all the bacteria tested (100%), followed by extract-chloramphenicol (90%) > extract-ciprofloxacin = extract-tetracycline (70%) > extract-amoxicillin (60%) > extract-nalidixic acid (50%) > extract-erythromycin (40%) > extract-metronidazole (20%). The checkerboard showed synergistic interaction (61.25%), additivity/indifference (23.75%) and antagonistic (15%) effects. The synergistic interaction was most expressed by combining the extract with tetracycline, metronidazole, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid against E. coli (ATCC 25922), erythromycin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and kanamycin against S. aureus (ATCC 6538), erythromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol against B. subtilis KZN, erythromycin, metronidazole and amoxicillin against E. faecalis KZN, erythromycin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol against K. pneumoniae (ATCC 10031), erythromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole and chloramphenicol against P. vulgaris (ATCC 6830), erythromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin and chloramphenicol against S. sonnei (ATCC 29930), metronidazole, amoxicillin and chloramphenicol against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol against Proteus vulgaris KZN. The synergistic interactions indicated that the bactericidal potentials of the antibacterial agents were improved and combining natural products with antibiotic could be potential sources for resistance-modifying agents useful against infectious multi-drug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufunmiso O. Olajuyigbe
- Phytomedicine Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mail:
| | - Anthony J. Afolayan
- Phytomedicine Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mail:
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Coutinho H, Costa J, Falcão-Silva V, Siqueira-Júnior J, Lima E. Fruits to potentiate the antibiotic activity: The effect of Eugenia unifloraand Eugenia jambolanumL. against MRSA. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.2011.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Oliveira DR, Brito FE, Bento EB, Matias EFF, Sousa ACA, Costa JGM, Coutinho HDM, Kerntopf MR, Menezes IRA. Antibacterial and modulatory effect of Stryphnodendron rotundifolium. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:1265-1270. [PMID: 21846183 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.589857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Stryphnodendron rotundifolium Mart. (Leguminosae), a tree in Northeast Brazil (Chapada do Araripe), is used in popular medicine to treat different processes such as inflammation and infectious diseases, mainly caused by bacterial pathogens. OBJECTIVE This study determined the modulatory and antimicrobial activity of the hydroethanol extract of dried stem bark, the most used form of this natural product, as a remedy by the traditional communities, against standard and clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIAL AND METHODS The antibacterial and modulatory activities of the hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves were obtained by maceration/hydrodistillation method and assayed by microdilution. RESULTS In the microbiological assays, growth inhibition was demonstrated by this extract against the bacterial strains tested, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 512 μg/mL. However, when a subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8 = 64 μg/mL) was combined with conventional antimicrobial drugs (gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin and neomycin), the extract showed a potentiating effect, reducing the MIC for all drugs assayed in a range between 312.5 and 2.4 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS We indicate that the extract of S. rotundifolium showed potential synergistic antibiotic activity. With the results obtained, these extracts proved to be a promising source of antibacterial and modulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanne R Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
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Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Actinidia macrosperma and Investigation of Their Bioactivities. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:382742. [PMID: 22203869 PMCID: PMC3235672 DOI: 10.1155/2012/382742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi from the Chinese medicinal plant Actinidia macrosperma were isolated and identified for the first time. This was the first study to evaluate their cytotoxic and antitumour activities against brine shrimp and five types of tumour cells, respectively. In total, 17 fungal isolates were obtained. Five different taxa were represented by 11 isolates, and six isolates were grouped into the species of Ascomycete Incertae sedis with limited morphological and molecular data. Cytotoxic activity has been found in most isolates except AM05, AM06, and AM10. The isolates AM07 (4.86 μg/mL), AM11 (7.71 μg/mL), and AM17 (14.88 μg/mL) exhibited significant toxicity against brine shrimp. The results of the MTT assay to assess antitumour activity revealed that 82.4% of isolate fermentation broths displayed growth inhibition (50% inhibitory concentration IC50< 100 μg/mL). Moreover, AM07, AM11, and AM17 showed strong antitumour activity in all the cell lines examined. These results suggest that endophytic fungi in A. macrosperma are valuable for the isolation and identification of novel cytotoxic and antitumour bioactive agents.
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Actinidia macrosperma C. F. Liang (a Wild Kiwi): Preliminary Study of Its Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:180262. [PMID: 22110544 PMCID: PMC3202103 DOI: 10.1155/2012/180262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant potential of Actinidia macrosperma C. F. Liang (Actinidiaceae) was investigated in vitro for total phenolic content, along with total antioxidant activity (TAA), 1,1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), and lipid peroxidation (LP). The results indicated that different polarity extracts of A. macrosperma exhibit different biological activities, which depends mainly on the presence of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was in the following decreasing order: MeOH extract > EtOAc extract > aqueous extract > CHCl3 extract > Hexane extract. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of this plant by MTT dye assay using SMMC-7721 has been determined also. The hexane, EtOAc, and CHCl3 extracts showed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Methanol and aqueous extracts, however, showed weak activities in this test. And a very significant cytotoxic activity, not significantly different from the positive control of quercetin, was observed in CHCl3 extract.
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Coutinho HDM, Vasconcellos A, Freire-Pessôa HL, Gadelha CA, Gadelha TS, Almeida-Filho GG. Natural products from the termite Nasutitermes corniger lowers aminoglycoside minimum inhibitory concentrations. Pharmacogn Mag 2010; 6:1-4. [PMID: 20548928 PMCID: PMC2881651 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.59958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infectious agents present a risk to populations, as they are responsible for high morbidity and mortality. For combating these pathogens, our main line of defense is the use of antibiotics. However, indiscriminate use of these drugs develops resistant strains to these same drugs. The present study has tested the antibacterial and modifying antibiotic activity of natural products from Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae) (Motschulsky), a termite used in folk medicine in Northeast Brazil, by the microdilution and checkerboard methods, respectively. In this study, the aqueous extract from the nest of N. corniger (ANCE) was prepared and tested with chlorpromazine (CPZ) for its antimicrobial activity, using the microdilution method. CPZ and ANCE were used independently and also in combination with aminoglycosides, against a strain of Escherichia coli resistant to these antibiotics, to determine the participation of efflux systems in resistance mechanisms. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was calculated and evaluated for the occurrence of synergism, using the checkerboard method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) values were ≥ 2048 μg/mL for both strains of E. coli assayed, indicating low antibacterial activity. However, synergism was observed with kanamycin when the decoction was used, but when chlorpromazine was used, synergism was observed with kanamycin, amikacin, and neomycin. This synergism with CPZ indicated the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Therefore, it was suggested that the natural products from N. corniger could be used as a source of zoo-derived natural products with kanamycin-modifying activity, resulting in a new approach against bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique D M Coutinho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato (CE), 63105-000, Brazil
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Coutinho HDM, Vasconcellos A, Lima MA, Almeida-Filho GG, Alves RRN. Termite usage associated with antibiotic therapy: enhancement of aminoglycoside antibiotic activity by natural products of Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky 1855). BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2009; 9:35. [PMID: 19761599 PMCID: PMC2751743 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-9-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Several species from Insecta are used as remedies. Among these species, the termite Nasutitermes corniger is commonly used in traditional medicine in Northeast Brazil. The present work tests the modifying antibiotic activity of Nasutitermes corniger, a termite used in folk medicine in Northeastern region of Brazil. Methods Chlorpromazine and decocts of N. corniger were collected from two different plant species used in the traditional medicine were tested for their antimicrobial activity against strains of Escherichia coli resistant to aminoglycosides. The growth of two bacterial strains of E. coli was tested using decocts and chlorpromazine alone or associeted with aminogycosides. Results The MIC and MBC values were ≥1024 μg/ml for both strains of E. coli assayed. A significant synergism was observed between both decocts and chlorpromazine when assyed with neomycin. This synergism with neomycin indicates the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to this aminoglycoside. Conclusion Therefore it is suggested that natural products from N. corniger could be used as a source of zoo-derived natural products with modifying antibiotic activity to aminoglycosides, being a new weapon against the bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Coutinho HDM, Costa JGM, Falcão-Silva VS, Siqueira-Júnior JP, Lima EO. Effect of Momordica charantia L. in the resistance to aminoglycosides in methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2009; 33:467-71. [PMID: 19732954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study the ethanol extract (EEMC) of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) was tested for its modifying antibiotic activity against a MRSA strain. The growth of an MRSA (SA358) in the absence and presence of aminoglycosides was evaluated. A potentiating effect between this extract and all aminoglycosides was demonstrated. Similarly, the same effect was shown by chlorpromazine on kanamycin, gentamicin and neomycin, indicating the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Extracts from M. charantia could be used as a source of plant-derived natural products with resistance-modifying activity. This is the first report about the modifying antibiotic activity of M. charantia, constituting a new weapon against multi-resistant bacteria such as MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique D M Coutinho
- Laboratory of Research in Natural Products, University of the Region of Cariri, Crato (CE), Brazil.
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Coutinho HDM, Costa JGM, Lima EO, Falcão-Silva VS, Siqueira-Júnior JP. Increasing of the aminoglicosyde antibiotic activity against a multidrug-resistant E. coli by Turnera ulmifolia L. and chlorpromazine. Biol Res Nurs 2009; 11:332-5. [PMID: 19633019 DOI: 10.1177/1099800409340052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an ethanol extract of Turnera ulmifolia L. (EETU) and chlorpromazine (CPZ) were tested for their antimicrobial activity alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics against two strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The growth of neither E. coli strain was inhibited by the extract. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration values were > or =1 mg/ml for both the strains of E. coli. However, the extract did increase the antimicrobial effects of amikacin, neomycin, and tobramycin. A similar effect of CPZ on amikacin, kanamycin, and tobramycin indicated the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Results suggest that extracts from T. ulmifolia could be used as a plant-derived natural product with resistance-modifying activity, constituting a new weapon against bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique D M Coutinho
- Laboratory of Research in Natural Products, Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Region of Cariri, Rua Cel. Antonio Luis 1161, Crato, CE, Brazil.
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Coutinho HDM, Costa JGM, Lima EO, Falcão-Silva VS, Siqueira Júnior JP. Herbal therapy associated with antibiotic therapy: potentiation of the antibiotic activity against methicillin--resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Turnera ulmifolia L. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2009; 9:13. [PMID: 19426487 PMCID: PMC2685411 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-9-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus genus is widely spread in nature being part of the indigenous microbiota of skin and mucosa of animal and birds. Some Staphylococcus species are frequently recognized as etiological agents of many animal and human opportunistic infections This is the first report testing the antibiotic resistance-modifying activity of Turnera ulmifolia against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus – MRSA strain. Methods In this study an ethanol extract of Turnera ulmifolia L. and chlorpromazine were tested for their antimicrobial activity alone or in combination with aminoglycosides against an MRSA strain. Results The synergism of the ethanol extract and aminoglycosides were verified using microdillution method. A synergistic effect of this extract on gentamicin and kanamycin was demonstrated. Similarly, a potentiating effect of chlorpromazine on kanamycin, gentamicin and neomycin, indicating the involvement of an efflux system in the resistance to these aminoglycosides. Conclusion It is therefore suggested that extracts from Turnera ulmifolia could be used as a source of plant-derived natural products with resistance-modifying activity, constituting a new weapon against the problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics demonstrated in MRSA strains.
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Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D, Idaomar M. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 46:446-75. [PMID: 17996351 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3344] [Impact Index Per Article: 196.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2006] [Revised: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/21/2007] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the middle ages, essential oils have been widely used for bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, antiparasitical, insecticidal, medicinal and cosmetic applications, especially nowadays in pharmaceutical, sanitary, cosmetic, agricultural and food industries. Because of the mode of extraction, mostly by distillation from aromatic plants, they contain a variety of volatile molecules such as terpenes and terpenoids, phenol-derived aromatic components and aliphatic components. In vitro physicochemical assays characterise most of them as antioxidants. However, recent work shows that in eukaryotic cells, essential oils can act as prooxidants affecting inner cell membranes and organelles such as mitochondria. Depending on type and concentration, they exhibit cytotoxic effects on living cells but are usually non-genotoxic. In some cases, changes in intracellular redox potential and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by essential oils can be associated with their capacity to exert antigenotoxic effects. These findings suggest that, at least in part, the encountered beneficial effects of essential oils are due to prooxidant effects on the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bakkali
- Institut Curie-Section de Recherche, UMR2027 CNRS/IC, LCR V28 CEA, Bât. 110, Centre Universitaire, 91405 Orsay cedex, France; Université Abdelmalek Essâadi, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé, BP 2121, Tétouan, Morocco
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