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Mamadalieva R, Khujaev V, Zengin G. Chemical profiling and biological activities of the roots of Allochrusa gypsophiloides. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38808581 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2358525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Allochrusa gypsophiloides is one of the best-known endemic saponin bearing food plants of Central Asia. However, the plant's secondary metabolites remain unmapped. The current study aimed to chemical profile of the metabolite in the plant roots by an untargeted UHPLC-ESI-MS, together with the isolation of the major compounds followed by a 2D NMR and HR-MS for identification and evaluation of the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of the extracts. The results revealed the presence of 48 putatively annotated metabolites comprising triterpene glycosides, phenolic compounds and their derivatives, organic acid glycosides, and lignan glycosides. The chromatographic separation and purification of the extract resulted in the isolation of four compounds where two new compounds and along with two known triterpenes were reported. The ethanol/water extracts showed a maximum effect in antioxidant assays, while the ethyl acetate extract achieved the best effect in the enzyme inhibitory assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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2
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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Tchinda AM, Nanfack ARD, Tamokou JDD, Matsuete-Takongmo G, Tsopmo A, Ali MS, Tene M. Echinograciolide, a new antibacterial nor-triterpenoid and other constituents from Echinops gracilis O. Hoffm. (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1108-1119. [PMID: 36214723 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2132497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance is a serious threat against humankind and the search for new therapeutics is needed. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of extracts and compounds from Echinops gracilis O. Hoffm. Standard chromatographic and spectroscopic methods were used to isolate and characterize compounds (1-15) from the methanol extract. The extract, chromatographic fractions and compounds 1-3, 8, 11, 13 and 14 were subjected to in vitro antibacterial assays against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Salmonella Typhi ATCC6539, Klebsiella pneumoniae 22, and Salmonella Typhi 68, using broth micro-dilution method. As results, a new nor-triterpenoid (1) and fourteen known compounds (2-15) were characterized. The extract and fractions displayed moderate (128 ≤ MIC ≤ 512 μg/mL) and significant (MIC 64 μg/mL) antibacterial activities. Compounds 1 and 14 showed the best anti-staphylococcal and anti-salmonella activity (MIC 16 µg/mL), respectively. These results partially justified the antimicrobial uses of E. gracilis in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Mbe Tchinda
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Arno R Donfack Nanfack
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Germaine Matsuete-Takongmo
- Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Muhammad Shaiq Ali
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mathieu Tene
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Ecology of Echinops giganteus A. Rich. in Sub-Saharan Africa: Distribution, Ecoclimatic Niche, and Phytosociology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/9310526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Echinops giganteus A. Rich. is an aromatic and medicinal plant of the Asteraceae family exploited in Cameroon under the access and benefit sharing (ABS) standard. Despite its importance, little information exists on the ecology of E. giganteus. The aim of the present study was to contribute to a better understanding of its ecology for sustainable management in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Occurrence data as well as stationary ecological information were collected in the field and from different databases. Bioclimatic data were extracted from the WorldClim database and processed using DIVA-GIS and Maxent software. The Braun-Blanquet quadrat method was used for the phytosociological study. Results showed that the distribution of E. giganteus in its wild state is restricted to sub-Saharan Africa. This distribution is likely conditioned by altitude (1000 m–2600 m), light, temperature, and rainfall. The bioclimatic variables that best explained this distribution were the mean annual temperature (Bio1: 38.8%) and the precipitation of the coldest quarter (Bio19: 24.9%), and their favorable ranges were between 2°C–32°C and 300 mm–1800 mm, respectively. E. giganteus is a heliophilic plant that prefers well-drained substrates and would not have a requirement for organic matter. The floristic analysis of the E. giganteus community identified 68 plant species in 59 genera and 28 botanical families, with the most represented family being the Asteraceae (49%). The average species richness per quadrat was 8 species, dominated by herbs. Species consistent with E. giganteus were Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams and Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. Chamaephytes and Phanerophytes were dominant among the biological types, while the phytogeographic types were dominated by Pantropical species (38.23%). The most represented diaspore types and modes of dissemination were pogonochores (35.85%) and anemochores (55.38%).
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How Should the Worldwide Knowledge of Traditional Cancer Healing Be Integrated with Herbs and Mushrooms into Modern Molecular Pharmacology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070868. [PMID: 35890166 PMCID: PMC9320176 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) is a “core” from which modern medicine has evolved over time. Besides this, one third of people worldwide have no access to modern medicine and rely only on traditional medicine. To date, drugs of plant origin, or their derivates (paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan, and omacetaxine), are very important in the therapy of malignancies and they are included in most chemotherapeutic regimes. To date, 391,000 plant and 14,000 mushroom species exist. Their medical and biochemical capabilities have not been studied in detail. In this review, we systematized the information about plants and mushrooms, as well as their active compounds with antitumor properties. Plants and mushrooms are divided based on the regions where they are used in ethnomedicine to treat malignancies. The majority of their active compounds with antineoplastic properties and mechanisms of action are described. Furthermore, on the basis of the available information, we divided them into two priority groups for research and for their potential of use in antitumor therapy. As there are many prerequisites and some examples how THM helps and strengthens modern medicine, finally, we discuss the positive points of THM and the management required to transform and integrate THM into the modern medicine practice.
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Ibrahim SRM, Omar AM, Bagalagel AA, Diri RM, Noor AO, Almasri DM, Mohamed SGA, Mohamed GA. Thiophenes-Naturally Occurring Plant Metabolites: Biological Activities and In Silico Evaluation of Their Potential as Cathepsin D Inhibitors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040539. [PMID: 35214871 PMCID: PMC8877444 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Naturally, thiophenes represent a small family of natural metabolites featured by one to five thiophene rings. Numerous plant species belonging to the family Asteraceae commonly produce thiophenes. These metabolites possessed remarkable bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, larvicidal, antioxidant, insecticidal, cytotoxic, and nematicidal properties. The current review provides an update over the past seven years for the reported natural thiophene derivatives, including their sources, biosynthesis, spectral data, and bioactivities since the last review published in 2015. Additionally, with the help of the SuperPred webserver, an AI (artificial intelligence) tool, the potential drug target for the compounds was predicted. In silico studies were conducted for Cathepsin D with thiophene derivatives, including ADMET (drug absorption/distribution/metabolism/excretion/and toxicity) properties prediction, molecular docking for the binding interaction, and molecular dynamics to evaluate the ligand-target interaction stability under simulated physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-581183034
| | - Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Alaa A. Bagalagel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.B.); (R.M.D.); (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Reem M. Diri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.B.); (R.M.D.); (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Ahmad O. Noor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.B.); (R.M.D.); (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Diena M. Almasri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.B.); (R.M.D.); (A.O.N.); (D.M.A.)
| | | | - Gamal A. Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Scotti F, Mou L, Huang C, Booker A, Weckerle C, Maake C, Heinrich M. Treating Chronic Wounds Using Photoactive Metabolites: Data Mining the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for Potential Lead Species. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:1206-1218. [PMID: 34528222 PMCID: PMC8585569 DOI: 10.1055/a-1578-8778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wound treatment that addresses associated infections and inflammation remains one of the big unmet needs, especially in low- and middle-income countries. One strategy for securing better healthcare can be using medicinal plants if sufficient evidence on their safety and therapeutic benefits can be ascertained. A unique novel opportunity could be photo-enhanced wound treatment with a combination of light-sensitive plant preparations and local exposure to daylight. Data mining strategies using existing resources offer an excellent basis for developing such an approach with many potential plant candidates. In the present analysis, we researched the 535 botanical drugs included in the Chinese pharmacopeia and identified 183 medicinal plant species, 82 for treating open wounds caused by trauma and 101 for inflammatory skin conditions. After further screening for reports on the presence of known photoactive compounds, we determined a core group of 10 scientifically lesser-known botanical species that may potentially be developed into more widely used topical preparations for photodynamic treatment of infected wounds. Our predictive approach may contribute to developing a more evidence-based use of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Scotti
- Research Group “Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy”, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Linru Mou
- Research Group “Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy”, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Group “Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy”, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Anthony Booker
- Research Group “Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy”, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster. London, UK
| | - Caroline Weckerle
- Institute of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Maake
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Group “Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy”, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, UK
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Somaida A, Tariq I, Ambreen G, Abdelsalam AM, Ayoub AM, Wojcik M, Dzoyem JP, Bakowsky U. Potent Cytotoxicity of Four Cameroonian Plant Extracts on Different Cancer Cell Lines. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110357. [PMID: 33142782 PMCID: PMC7693157 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential cytotoxicity of four plant extracts originated from Cameroon: Xylopia aethiopica (XA), Imperata cylindrica (IC), Echinops giganteus (EG) and Dorstenia psilurus (DP) were examined in vitro. We tested the anti-proliferative activity of the methanolic extracts of these compounds using MTT assay on seven different human cancer cell lines: HeLa, MDA-MB-231, A549, HepG2, U-87, SK-OV-3 and HL60. Induction of cell death was assessed by cell cycle analysis, apoptosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC binding and caspase 3/7 activity. As well, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell migration were tested. The genetic toxicity, using the alkaline comet assay, was evaluated. The studied extracts inhibited the cell proliferation of all tested cancer cell lines with concentration dependent effect over time. All of these extracts mainly induced apoptosis of HeLa cells by the accumulation of hypodiploid cells in the sub-G0/G1 phase and increasing the activity of caspase 3/7, as well they showed potential MMP disturbance and expressed a marked inhibitory effect on cell migration. Assessment of probable genetic toxicity by these extracts revealed no or minimum incidence of genetic toxicity. Therefore, the studied plant extracts are exhibiting potent anticancer activity based upon marked induction of tumor-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Somaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Imran Tariq
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Ambreen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 11865, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Mohamed Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Matthias Wojcik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
| | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang. P.O Box. 67 Dschang, Cameroon
- Correspondence: (J.P.D.); (U.B.)
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany; (A.S.); (I.T.); (G.A.); (A.M.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.P.D.); (U.B.)
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Raimi IO, Kopaopa BG, Mugivhisa LL, Lewu FB, Amoo SO, Olowoyo JO. An appraisal of documented medicinal plants used for the treatment of cancer in Africa over a twenty-year period (1998–2018). J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bitew H, Hymete A. The Genus Echinops: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1234. [PMID: 31736749 PMCID: PMC6838032 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Echinops belongs to the family of Asteraceae and comprises about 130 species. Many species belonging to the genus Echinops are traditionally used as medicinals mainly in Africa and Asia. The genus is reported to contain diverse secondary metabolites. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate the available research reports on the genus and systematically organize the findings. Information for this study was obtained using various search engines including PubMed and Google Scholar. This review revealed that the genus is used traditionally to treat pain, inflammation, respiratory diseases, diseases caused by different microorganisms, as an aphrodisiac, to fasten expulsion of placenta, and for removal of renal stones. More than 151 secondary metabolites have been reported from the genus in which thiophenic compounds held the biggest share. Various extracts, essential oils, and isolated compounds from members of this genus are shown to exhibit different biological effects mainly anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. However, there are a number of species in this genus that are claimed to have traditional medicinal uses but their biological effect not yet been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Bitew
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Ariaya Hymete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Antiprotozoal investigation of 20 plant metabolites on Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes. Atalantoflavone alters the mitochondrial membrane potential. Parasitology 2019; 146:849-856. [PMID: 30755289 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182019000052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the antiprotozoal activities of 20 plant metabolites on Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes. Compounds 1-20 were obtained and identified by using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The antiparasitic assays were performed on the intracellular form of T. cruzi and L. amazonensis using human leukaemic THP-1 cells as the host. The mechanism of action of the most active compounds was explored in silico by molecular docking using T. cruzi trypanothione reductase (TR) as a target, whereas the in vitro studies were performed by enzymatic assay using T. cruzi recombinant TR. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by flow cytometry. Two flavonoids, one triterpene and three acetogenins showed from high to moderate trypanocidal activities with IC50 values ranging 3.6-37.2 µm while three of the metabolites were moderately leishmanicidal. The molecular docking study revealed interactions between TR and the most trypanocidal compounds 1 (abyssinone IV) and 2 (atalantoflavone). In contrast, both showed no effect on TR in vitro. For the mitochondrial membrane potential assay, atalantoflavone (2) displayed a dose-dependent depolarization. On the basis of the aforementioned results, this compound's structure could be chemically explored in order to develop more potent trypanocidal derivatives.
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12
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Mbaveng AT, Kuete V, Efferth T. Potential of Central, Eastern and Western Africa Medicinal Plants for Cancer Therapy: Spotlight on Resistant Cells and Molecular Targets. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:343. [PMID: 28626426 PMCID: PMC5454075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major health hurdle worldwide and has moved from the third leading cause of death in the year 1990 to second place after cardiovascular disease since 2013. Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used treatment modes; however, its efficiency is limited due to the resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic agents. The present overview deals with the potential of the flora of Central, Eastern and Western African (CEWA) regions as resource for anticancer drug discovery. It also reviews the molecular targets of phytochemicals of these plants such as ABC transporters, namely P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multi drug-resistance-related proteins (MRPs), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) as well as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB-1/HER1), human tumor suppressor protein p53, caspases, mitochondria, angiogenesis, and components of MAP kinase signaling pathways. Plants with the ability to preferentially kills resistant cancer cells were also reported. Data compiled in the present document were retrieved from scientific websites such as PubMed, Scopus, Sciencedirect, Web-of-Science, and Scholar Google. In summary, plant extracts from CEWA and isolated compounds thereof exert cytotoxic effects by several modes of action including caspases activation, alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells and inhibition of angiogenesis. Ten strongest cytotoxic plants from CEWA recorded following in vitro screening assays are: Beilschmiedia acuta Kosterm, Echinops giganteus var. lelyi (C. D. Adams) A. Rich., Erythrina sigmoidea Hua (Fabaceae), Imperata cylindrical Beauv. var. koenigii Durand et Schinz, Nauclea pobeguinii (Pobég. ex Pellegr.) Merr. ex E.M.A., Piper capense L.f., Polyscias fulva (Hiern) Harms., Uapaca togoensis Pax., Vepris soyauxii Engl. and Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. Prominent antiproliferative compounds include: isoquinoline alkaloid isotetrandrine (51), two benzophenones: guttiferone E (26) and isoxanthochymol (30), the isoflavonoid 6α-hydroxyphaseollidin (9), the naphthyl butenone guieranone A (25), two naphthoquinones: 2-acetylfuro-1,4-naphthoquinone (4) and plumbagin (37) and xanthone V1 (46). However, only few research activities in the African continent focus on cytotoxic drug discovery from botanicals. The present review is expected to stimulate further scientific efforts to better valorize the African flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle T. Mbaveng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of MainzMainz, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of DschangDschang, Cameroon
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of MainzMainz, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of DschangDschang, Cameroon
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of MainzMainz, Germany
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Kiyekbayeva L, Mohamed NM, Yerkebulan O, Mohamed EI, Ubaidilla D, Nursulu A, Assem M, Srivedavyasasri R, Ross SA. Phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of Echinops albicaulis. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:1203-1207. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1323213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lashyn Kiyekbayeva
- Department of Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University KazNMU, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
| | - Nesma M. Mohamed
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Orazbekov Yerkebulan
- Department of Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University KazNMU, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
- South Kazakhstan Pharmaceutical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
| | - Enas I. Mohamed
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy Department, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, Egypt
| | - Datkhayev Ubaidilla
- Department of Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University KazNMU, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Akhtayeva Nursulu
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Mamurova Assem
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Radhakrishnan Srivedavyasasri
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
| | - Samir A. Ross
- School of Pharmacy, National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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