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Zhang SY, Peng YQ, Xiang GS, Song WL, Feng L, Jiang XY, Li XJ, He SM, Yang SC, Zhao Y, Zhang GH. Functional characterization of genes related to triterpene and flavonoid biosynthesis in Cyclocarya paliurus. PLANTA 2024; 259:50. [PMID: 38285114 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) generating triterpenoid skeletons in Cyclocarya paliurus were identified for the first time, and two uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) catalyzing the glycosylation of flavonoids were characterized. Cyclocarya paliurus, a native rare dicotyledonous plant in China, contains an abundance of triterpenoid saponins and flavonoid glycosides that exhibit valuable pharmaceutical effects in preventing hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism explaining the biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponin and flavonoid glycoside in C. paliurus remains unclear. In this study, the triterpene content in different tissues and the expression pattern of genes encoding the key enzymes associated with triterpenoid saponin and flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis were studied using transcriptome and metabolome analysis. The eight upstream oxidosqualene cyclases (OSCs) involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis were functionally characterized, among them CpalOSC6 catalyzed 2,3;22,23-dioxidosqualene to form 3-epicabraleadiol; CpalOSC8 cyclized 2,3-oxidosqualene to generate dammarenediol-II; CpalOSC2 and CpalOSC3 produced β-amyrin and CpalOSC4 produced cycloartenol, while CpalOSC2-CpalOSC5, CpalOSC7, and CpalOSC8 all produced lanosterol. However, no catalytic product was detected for CpalOSC1. Moreover, two downstream flavonoid uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) (CpalUGT015 and CpalUGT100) that catalyze the last step of flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis were functionally elucidated. These results uncovered the key genes involved in the biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponins and flavonoid glycosides in C. paliurus that could be applied to produce flavonoid glycosides and key triterpenoid saponins in the future via a synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu-Qing Peng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Gui-Sheng Xiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Wan-Ling Song
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Feng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin-Yue Jiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Mei He
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Fengyuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, 650106, Yunnan, China.
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Zhang S, He J, Li J, He H, He Y, Wang X, Shu H, Zhang J, Xu D, Zou K. Triterpenoid Compounds from Cyclocarya paliurus: A Review of Their Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Pharmacology, and Structure-Activity Relationship. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 51:2041-2075. [PMID: 37957120 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2350088x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja (C. paliurus) is a single species of Cyclocarya paliurus in Juglandaceae. It is a unique rare medicinal plant resource in China that is mainly distributed in the south of China. The leaves of C. paliurus, as a new food ingredient, are processed into tea products in daily life. Triterpenoids are the main active ingredient in C. paliurus. So far, 164 triterpenoid compounds have been isolated and identified from C. paliurus, which are included 3,4-seco-dammaranes, dammaranes, oleanane, ursane, lupinanes, taraxeranes, and norceanothanes. Modern pharmacological studies manifested that these ingredients have a wide range of pharmacological activities both in vitro and in vivo, such as reducing blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, and anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and other activities. In addition, current results indicate that the pharmacological mechanisms of triterpenoids were closely related to their chemical structure, molecular signaling pathways, and the expression of related proteins. In order to further study C. paliurus based on the current research situation, this review summarizes the prospect and systematic summary of the triterpenes of C. paliurus from the aspects of structural characteristics, quality control, biological activity, and the structure-activity relationship, which provide a reference for further research and application of the triterpenoids from C. paliurus in the field of functional food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Zhang
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Junyu He
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Haibo He
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan 442000, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325005, P. R. China
| | - Yumin He
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Heng Shu
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical College and Hubei Clinical Research Center for Functional Digestive Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Daoxiang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325005, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zou
- Yichang Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization of Health Products with Drug Food Homology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
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Gui R, Wang YK, Wu JP, Deng GM, Cheng F, Zeng HL, Zeng PH, Long HP, Zhang W, Wei XF, Wang WX, Zhu GZ, Ren WQ, Chen ZH, He XA, Xu KP. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy via modulation of purine metabolism, antiinflammation, and antifibrosis. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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4
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Liu Y, Zhang XX, Xu SS, Fang SY, Zhu LP, Song Z, Shang XL, Fang SZ, Pan K, Cao XL, Yin ZQ. New triterpenoids from the Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja and their anti-fibrotic activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113434. [PMID: 36169036 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus, a Chinese herbal medicine and new food resource, contains a triterpenic-acid-rich extract that demonstrated ameliorative effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN). A more in-depth discovery of functional components led to the isolation of seven new triterpenoids including two pentacyclic triterpenes, 1α,2α,3β,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid and 2α,3β,22α-tirhydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and five tetracyclic triterpenoid glycosides (cypaliurusides N-R), together with twelve known compounds from the leaves of C. paliurus. Their structures were determined using a comprehensive analysis of chemical and spectroscopic data. Partial compounds were assessed for anti-fibrotic activities in high-glucose and TGF-β1 induced HK-2 cells. Compound 16 remarkably decreased the level of fibronectin with an inhibition rate of 37.1%. Furthermore, 16 effectively alleviated the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) process by upregulating E-cadherin expression and downregulating α-SMA expression, and it significantly decreased the level of the transcriptional inhibitors (Snail and Twist) of E-cadherin. The discovery of anti-fibrotic compounds from C. paliurus provides the potential utilization and functional candidates for the DN prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China; Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Su-Su Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Si-Yang Fang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Zhu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Zhe Song
- Instrumental Analysis Center of CPU, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xu-Lan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Sheng-Zuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China.
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Wang YY, Lu SJ, Gui R, Wu JP, Li J, He XA, Zhang W, Deng GM, Wang WX, Long HP, Wei XF, Zeng GY, Zhang N, Zang SM, Yao Y, Chen ZH, Fei C, Wang YK, Xu KP. Hepatic lipidomics and proteomics analysis reveals the mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus flavonoids in preventing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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6
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Tu WC, Luo RH, Yuan E, Sakah KJ, Yang QY, Xiao WL, Zheng YT, Liu MF. Triterpene constituents from the fruits of Cyclocarya paliurus and their anti-HIV-1 IIIB activity. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1787-1796. [PMID: 36095038 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Four new norceanothane-type triterpenes, cyclopalin A-D (1-4), and sixteen known compounds (5-20) were obtained from the fruits of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data, experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and X-ray single crystal analyses. All isolated compounds were assayed for their anti-HIV-1IIIB activity. Compound 18 exhibited potent anti-HIV-1IIIB activity with an EC50 value of 1.32 μM (SI = 151.52).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chao Tu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province & Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - En Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaunda-Joseph Sakah
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Quan-Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education; Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products; School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province & Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Mei-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Li YJ, Wan GZ, Xu FC, Guo ZH, Chen J. Screening and identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves by ultrafiltration coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen Z, Jian Y, Wu Q, Wu J, Sheng W, Jiang S, Shehla N, Aman S, Wang W. Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja: Botany, Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114912. [PMID: 34906638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja (C. paliurus) also known as Sweet tea tree, Money tree, Money willow, green money plum, mountain willow and shanhua tree, is a native rare monocotyledonous plant in Southern China. It possesses numerous traditional benefits, including clearing heat, detoxification, producing saliva, slake thirst, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, dispelling wind and relieving itching. It is also effective in preventing and treating diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dizziness and swelling and pain, as well as reducing cholesterol, and modulating the functions of the immune system. The stem, leaves and bark of this plant are all medicinal parts, but the leaves have the highest research value. AIM OF THE STUDY This article summarized the plant's botanical description, distribution, ethnopharmacology, phytochemical profiles and pharmacological for the first time, to provide possible directions for future development and research in brief. MATERIAL AND METHODS The literature for this current manuscript was obtained from reports published from 1992 to May 2021 in diverse databases such as the China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI), SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier and Pub-Med. The domestic and foreign references published about C. paliurus over recent years were collected, analyzed and summarized. RESULTS The botanical characteristics of the fruits of C. paliurus are unique in having a central nutlet surrounded by a circular wing to distinguish the living genera of Juglandaceae. In traditional medicine, C. paliurus leaves are used by the local people of Southern China to make tea to prevent diabetes. More than 210 compounds have been isolated from C. paliurus. Among them, the characteristic 3,4-seco-dammaranes accounted for the most. Other compounds include dammarane tetracyclic triterpenoids, various pentacyclic triterpenoids, flavonoids, isosclerones, phenolic derivatives and polysaccharides. The plant extracts and compounds have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities, such as anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-cancer, cytotoxic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-microbial activities. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive literature analysis shows that C. paliurus extract and its compounds have a variety of biological activities for the treatment of various diseases. The current modern pharmacology research is mostly related to the records of ethnic pharmacology, mainly in vitro research, relatively few in vivo research. Therefore, future studies should focus on this aspect. In addition, we also would like to recommend further research should concentrate on toxicity studies and quality control of C. paliurus to fill the study gap, as well as to provide theoretical support for the further development of the potential functions and clinical applications of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuliang Chen
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Qian Wu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Jia Wu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Wenbing Sheng
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Sai Jiang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Nuzhat Shehla
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Aman
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China.
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Sun H, Zhu H, Wu J, Wang Y, Li G, Liu Y, Chang X, Ou S, Zha W, Chen H, Gui R, He X, Lu S, Shangguan D, Xu K. Two new triterpenoid glycosides from leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5277-5282. [PMID: 34034582 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1931182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two dammarane glycosides (1-2) were isolated from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. The structures of new compounds were established by application of spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS, and chemical hydrolysis. When evaluated against seven human cancer cell lines, the two compounds exhibited selective cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihua Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqian Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Chang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Saiyu Ou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Zha
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyun Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Gui
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoai He
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijuan Lu
- Haikou Municipal People's Hospital and Central, South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Kangping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Zheng GT, Zhang XX, Zhang XT, Shang XL, Fang SZ, Zhang J, Yin ZQ. Two new triterpenoids from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinskaja. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3938-3944. [PMID: 33719794 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1900845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed triterpenoids (1-2), along with thirteen known compounds (3-15) were isolated from a CHCl3-soluble extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic approaches. These compounds were assessed for their therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN)-evoked fibrosis through High-Glucose and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) challenged HK-2 cells. Among them, compounds 3, 5 and 8 could remarkedly decrease the level of fibronectin to relieve DN with 27.66 ± 2.77%, 6.09 ± 0.57% and 17.74 ± 5.83% inhibition rate at 10 μM, 10 μM and 1 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Tao Zheng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Tao Zhang
- Nanjing Haijing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Lan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Zuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Liu W, Deng S, Zhou D, Huang Y, Li C, Hao L, Zhang G, Su S, Xu X, Yang R, Li J, Huang X. 3,4- seco-Dammarane Triterpenoid Saponins with Anti-Inflammatory Activity Isolated from the Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2041-2053. [PMID: 31967813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, diabetes, and inflammation in South China. Although research on the anti-inflammatory effects of C. paliurus leaves has been reported, no active anti-inflammatory compounds have been identified. In the present study, RAW 264.7 cells were used to establish a bioactivity-guided identification model to verify the inhibitory effects of C. paliurus leaves on inflammation and identify the anti-inflammatory constituents. The active fraction was isolated to yield 18 dammarane triterpenoid saponins, including 11 new 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoid saponins (1-11), the structures of which were identified on the basis of analyses of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) and comparison with literature data. Compounds 7, 8, 10, and 11 showed strong inhibition on nitric oxide (NO) productions, with IC50 values ranging from 8.23 to 11.23 μM. These four compounds significantly decreased the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, compound 7 decreased the expression of the proteins cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB/p65). In addition, the structure-activity relationships of the isolates were investigated. The results suggest that 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoid saponins may be used as potential anti-inflammatory drugs and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Shengping Deng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Dexiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Chenguo Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Lili Hao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Gaorong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Shanshan Su
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Ruiyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
| | - Xishan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources , School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University , Guilin 541004 , China
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Chen X, Mao X, Huang P, Fang S. Morphological Characterization of Flower Buds Development and Related Gene Expression Profiling at Bud Break Stage in Heterodichogamous Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) lljinskaja. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100818. [PMID: 31627470 PMCID: PMC6827045 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja, a unique species growing in southern China, is a multi-function tree species with medicinal, healthcare, material, and ornamental values. So far, sexual reproduction is the main method for extensive cultivation of C. paliurus plantations, but this is limited by low seed plumpness resulted from the character of heterodichogamy. Phenological observations have revealed the asynchronism of flower development in this species. However, its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. To reveal molecular mechanism of heterodichogamy in C. paliurus, transcriptome of female (F) and male (M) buds from two mating types (protandry, PA; protogyny, PG) at bud break stage were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform. The expression patterns of both 32 genes related to flowering and 58 differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs) selected from 6 families were divided four groups (PG-F, PG-M, PA-F, and PA-M) into two categories: first flowers (PG-F and PA-M) and later flowers (PA-F and PG-M). The results indicated that genes related to plant hormones (IAA, ABA, and GA) synthesis and response, glucose metabolism, and transcription factors (especially in MIKC family) played significant roles in regulating asynchronism of male and female flowers in the same mating type. The expression of DETFs showed two patterns. One contained DETFs up-regulated in first flowers in comparison to later flowers, and the other was the reverse. Nine genes related to flowering were selected for qRT-PCR to confirm the accuracy of RNA-seq, and generally, the RPKM values of these genes were consistent with the result of qRT-PCR. The results of this work could improve our understanding in asynchronism of floral development within one mating type in C. paliurus at transcriptional level, as well as lay a foundation for further study in heterodichogamous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shengzuo Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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