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Sparvoli JMH, Sparvoli AC, Pereira AA, Paula ALMD, Garcia L, Gonçalves CV. Effects of hepatitis C virus genotypes and viral load on glucose and lipid metabolism after sustained virological response with direct-acting antivirals. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20221163. [PMID: 37222317 PMCID: PMC10204843 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study, carried out at the university hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande, was to assess whether the treatment of chronic hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals and the sustained virological response will affect the metabolic influences of the hepatitis C virus and whether these effects will vary according to genotypes and virus load. METHODS This is an intervention pre-post study, carried out from March 2018 to December 2019, evaluating 273 hepatitis C virus patients treated with direct-acting antivirals. Inclusion criteria included being monoinfected with hepatitis C virus and achieving sustained virological response . Exclusion criteria included the presence of decompensated cirrhosis or co-infected with hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus. Genotypes, genotype 1 subtypes, and hepatitis C virus viral load were analyzed. Glucose metabolism was evaluated by the Homeostasis Model Assessment-insulin resistance indices: Homeostasis Model Assessment-β, TyG, and HbA1c, measured at the beginning of treatment and in sustained virological response. Statistical analysis with a T test by paired comparison of the means of the variables in the pretreatment and in the sustained virological response. RESULTS Homeostasis Model Assessment-insulin resistance analysis: there were no significant differences between pretreatment and sustained virological response. Homeostasis Model Assessment-β analysis: significant increase in genotype 1 patients (p<0.028). TyG index analysis: significant increase in genotype 1b (p<0.017), genotype 3 (p<0.024), and genotype non-1 with low viral load (p<0.039). HbA1c analysis: significant decrease in genotype 3 (p<0.001) and genotype non-1 patients with low viral load (p<0.005). CONCLUSION We detected significant metabolic influences after sustained virological response: impairment in lipid profile and improvements in the glucose metabolism. We found significant differences in genotype dependence, genotype 1 subtypes, and viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laís Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
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Cardiometabolic effects of direct-acting antivirals in patients with hepatitis C. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2023; 46:58-66. [PMID: 35460863 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has long been associated with several extrahepatic manifestations, including increased cardiovascular risk. The emergence of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has allowed us to evaluate the potential reversal of these manifestations after successful treatment. Therefore, many studies have provided significant takeaways regarding the positive effect of DAAs therapy on insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. In contrast, studies have shown detrimental effects on lipid metabolism and indeterminate results regarding renal function and uric acid metabolism. Nevertheless, as more and more patients achieve sustained virological response, the effects of HCV eradication on cardiometabolic processes will be extensively studied, allowing more reliable conclusions on the extent of extrahepatic outcomes.
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Sparvoli JMH, Sparvoli AC, Dumith SDC, Pereira AA, Paula ALMD, Garcia L, Belarmino V, Hora VPD, Martínez AMBD, Gonçalves CV. Impact of hepatitis C virus eradication with direct-acting antivirals on glycidic metabolism. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 67:314-322. [PMID: 36468927 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective To compare the glucose metabolism of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in pretreatment and sustained viral response (SVR) periods. Materials and methods This was an intervention pre-post study of 273 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with DAAs from March 2018 to December 2019. Glycidic metabolism was evaluated through homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) - insulin resistance (IR) and HOMA-β indices and assessments of insulinemia and HbA1c levels. These parameters were analyzed with a T test by paired comparison of the means of the variables and Wilcoxon's test paired for the median; in the variables with an abnormal distribution, the Z score was generated for the mean in both the pretreatment and SVR periods. Statistical significance was considered at p ≤ 0.05. Results Among 273 participants, 125 (45.8%) had prediabetes, and 50 (18.3%) had diabetes. In SVR, there was a significant increase in platelets, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and triglycerides and a significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma GT and bilirubin. The HOMA-IR and HOMA-β indices increased in SVR from 1.95 to 2.29 (p = 0.087) and 71.20 to 82.60 (p = 0.001), respectively. Insulinemia increased from 7.60 μU/mL to 8.90 μU/mL (p = 0.011). HbA1c decreased from 5.6 to 5.4 (p < 0.001). Among patients with prediabetes and those with diabetes, the reduction in HbA1c values was significant (p = 0.006 and p = 0.026, respectively). Conclusion SVR significantly impacts and leads to improvement in glucose metabolism in patients with chronic liver disease induced by hepatitis C virus.
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Dalbeni A, Villani R, Bevilacqua M, Sacco F, Faccincani D, Cattazzo F, Cavallone F, Mantovani A, Ceruti V, Ieluzzi D, Paon V, Mantovani A, Serviddio G, Sacerdoti D. Effects of direct-acting antiviral agents on lipid and glucose profile in HCV patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-life Italian experience. J Dig Dis 2022; 23:324-330. [PMID: 35700113 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of HCV eradication on the metabolic profile in diabetic patients treated with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) is not well defined. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of DAAs on a lipid and glucose profile in a cohort of diabetic patients with different liver fibrotic stages. METHODS T2DM patients with active HCV infection were consecutively enrolled in this prospective trial. Glycolipidic status was assessed, before starting DAA treatment (T0) and at 12 months after the beginning of treatment (T1). Liver fibrotic stage was assessed by FibroScan. RESULTS In all, 131 patients were enrolled and all of them achieved a sustained virologic response. At baseline, no significant differences were found in lipid and glucose profiles in subgroup analysis by liver fibrosis, HCV genotype, and cardiovascular risk factors. At T1, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not triglycerides, significantly increased irrespective of liver fibrotic stage and baseline anthropometric and clinical profiles, while glycated hemoglobin significantly decreased only in F4 patients. CONCLUSIONS HCV eradication in diabetic patients is associated with a worsening lipid profile that could impact future cardiovascular risk. A careful global monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors in all diabetic patients after HCV eradication is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalbeni
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Liver Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Bevilacqua
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Sacco
- Liver Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Diego Faccincani
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo Cattazzo
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavallone
- Liver Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Mantovani
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vittoria Ceruti
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Donatella Ieluzzi
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Veronica Paon
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mantovani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Liver Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - David Sacerdoti
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Isaac A, El-Mageed KHA, Kaisar HH, Rasmy HS, Ghait RSAE, Ibrahim IM, Riad GS. Assessment of serum Resistin in detecting Insulin Resistance and their impact on response to direct acting antiviral in chronic viral hepatitis C patients. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-021-00136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes which have been linked to progressive liver fibrosis and sustained virologic response (SVR) to antiviral treatment. Resistin is a polypeptide hormone belonging to adipokines that may contribute to the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Also, the link between resistin and insulin resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis C and the effect of new direct acting antivirals on them seems unclear at present. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of Resistin in detecting Insulin Resistance and their impact on response to direct acting antiviral in chronic hepatitis C patients.
Results
The Study was prospective Cohort clinical study, in Hepatology outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospitals .This study was performed on 40 Egyptian patients who have Chronic viral hepatitis C, divided into 3 groups: GROUP I includes: 20 patients with Chronic viral hepatitis C on Sofosbovir- Daclatasvir before start of treatment and Sustained viral response after 12 weeks [SVR 12]. GROUP II includes: 20 patients with Chronic viral hepatitis C and non-responders before start of 2nd line of treatment and SVR 12. GROUP III includes: 10 subjects not infected with HCV as control group. The following investigations were done: body mass index calculation, Laboratory investigations including CBC, complete hepatic function tests, FIB-4 calculation, fasting serum insulin, HOMA-IR and serum Resistin level at baseline and re-assessed 12 weeks post end of treatment. Fasting serum Insulin, HOMA-IR and Resistin level were statistically significant higher in both naïve & relapser chronic HCV infected patients than in control group (p value <0.001). SVR 12 weeks post treatment was achieved in all 40 patients received new direct acting antivirals with a Significant reduction in Fasting serum Insulin, HOMA-IR and Resistin level at SVR 12 week (p value 0,001, <0.001, <0.001) respectively. Significant positive correlation was found between Resistin level and HOMA-IR in both naïve and relapse chronic HCV patients. Calculation of FIB-4 among patients showed significant higher FIB-4 in naïve patients than relapser (p value 0,002). Serum Resistin at a cut off value >1800 ng/ml had 38.89 % sensitivity, 86.36 % specificity, 70 % PPV, 63.3 % NPV (with an overall accuracy of 57.1 %) in predicting absence of liver cirrhosis based on FIB-4. And at a cutoff value ≥2400 ng/ml had 93.55% sensitivity, 33.3% specificity, 82.9% positive predictive value, and 60% negative predictive value with an overall accuracy of 62.4% in prediction of significant insulin resistance among chronic HCV patients.
Conclusion
Serum Resistin level was significantly up regulated in patients with chronic HCV, with significant reduction in its level after achievement of SVR. Resistin has the potential to be a biomarker for screening of insulin resistance among chronic HCV patients.
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Yosef T, Ibrahim WA, El-Ghandour A, Attia S, El-Nakeep S. Effect of different direct-acting antiviral regimens for treatment of nondiabetic hepatitis C virus–infected Egyptian patients on insulin resistance and sensitivity. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-021-00075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The association between hepatitis C virus (HCV), insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome has been extensively investigated. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have a high sustained virologic response (SVR) rate, reaching > 90%. The effect of SVR after DAA treatment on metabolic parameters and IR in nondiabetic patients could be an important factor in the patient’s long-term outcome. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of different DAA regimens on IR and sensitivity in naïve chronic HCV-infected nondiabetic patients (before and after 12 weeks of treatment).
Methods
This prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 HCV-infected Child A nondiabetic patients eligible for DAA treatment in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ain Shams University, and Kobry El-Kobba Military Hospital among patients attending the outpatient clinic.
Patients were categorized into four groups according to the HCV regimens they received for 12 weeks.
All patient were subjected to the following tests before and 12 weeks after treatment: HCV quantitative PCR, Fibroscan, fasting insulin level (using insulin quantitative test kit), fasting and postprandial blood glucose (PPG), lipid profile, liver enzymes, BMI, and waist circumference.
Results
All patients achieved SVR at 12 weeks. In all treatment groups, lab was assessed before and after treatment, the 2-h PPG, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein levels showed statistically significant increases, whereas triglyceride, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, and fasting plasma insulin levels showed statistically significant decreases. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) exhibited statistically significant decreases, whereas the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and Matsuda index showed statistically significant increases, across the four groups.
Conclusions
DAA treatment in naïve nondiabetic HCV-infected patients affects metabolic profile and insulin resistance/sensitivity, with similar effect among different DAA regimens.
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Lee H, Chien RN, Pao LH, Kuo CJ, Huang PH, Chang ML. Decoupled Glucose and Lipid Metabolic Recovery after Viral Clearance in Direct-Acting Antiviral-Treated HCV Patients: A 3-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Cells 2021; 10:2934. [PMID: 34831156 PMCID: PMC8616092 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The recovery pattern of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated metabolic alteration after sustained virological response (SVR) following direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) remains elusive. METHODS A prospective cohort study of chronic HCV-infected (CHC) patients (n = 415) receiving DAAs (n = 365) was conducted. Metabolic profiles were examined in SVR patients (n = 360) every 3-6 months after therapy and compared with those of sex- and age-matched controls (n = 470). RESULTS At baseline, of 415, 168 (40.5%) had insulin resistance (IR). The following were associated: levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), HCV RNA, fibrosis-4 score, and interferon-λ3-rs12979860 genotype with total cholesterol (TC) levels; and TG levels and BMI with HOMA-IR. Over a 3-year follow-up, in SVR patients, BMI and TC levels and TG/HDL-C ratios increased from baseline, while HOMA-IR trended downward by 72 weeks after therapy and then increased. The increased HDL-C levels began to decrease after 72 weeks after therapy. TC and HOMA-IR were negatively associated with each other until 24 weeks after therapy. Earlier increases in BMI and decreases in HOMA-IR were noted in SVR patients with than in those without baseline IR. Compared with controls, in the subgroup without baseline IR, SVR patients had increased BMI and HOMA-IR levels. Metabolic profiles were similar between SVR patients and controls in the subgroup with baseline IR. CONCLUSIONS In SVR patients treated with DAAs, the recovery of altered lipid and glucose metabolism was not coupled until 72-week post-therapy, when HOMA-IR reached its nadir. SVR patients with baseline IR recovered from HCV-associated metabolic alterations earlier than those without baseline IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (H.L.); (R.-N.C.); (C.-J.K.); (P.-H.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (H.L.); (R.-N.C.); (C.-J.K.); (P.-H.H.)
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Kuo
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (H.L.); (R.-N.C.); (C.-J.K.); (P.-H.H.)
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Huang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (H.L.); (R.-N.C.); (C.-J.K.); (P.-H.H.)
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Chang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (H.L.); (R.-N.C.); (C.-J.K.); (P.-H.H.)
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
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Compagnoni S, Bruno EM, Madonia G, Cannizzaro M, Madonia S. Direct antiviral agents in hepatitis C virus related liver disease: Don't count the chickens before they're hatched. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2771-2783. [PMID: 34135553 PMCID: PMC8173378 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since molecules with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) became available, the landscape of the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has completely changed. The new drugs are extremely effective in eradicating infection, and treatment is very well tolerated with a duration of 8-12 wk. This review aims to report the outstanding clinical benefits of DAA and to highlight their critical disadvantages, identifying some clinically relevant hot topics. First, do the rates of virological response remain as high when patients with more advanced cirrhosis are considered? Large studies have shown slightly lower but still satisfactory rates of response in these patients. Nevertheless, modified schedules with an extended treatment duration and use of ribavirin may be necessary. Second, does the treatment of HCV infection affect the risk of occurrence and recurrence of liver cancer? Incidence is reduced after viral eradication but remains high enough to warrant periodic surveillance for an early diagnosis. In contrast, the risk of recurrence seems to be unaffected by viral clearance; however, DAA treatment improves survival because of the reduced risk of progression of liver disease. Third, can HCV treatment also have favorable effects on major comorbidities? HCV eradication is associated with a reduced incidence of diabetes, an improvement in glycemic control and a decreased risk of cardiovascular events; nevertheless, a risk of hypoglycemia during DAA treatment has been reported. Finally, is it safe to treat patients with HCV/ hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection? In this setting, HCV is usually the main driver of viral activity, while HBV replication is suppressed. Because various studies have described HBV reactivation after HCV clearance, a baseline evaluation for HBV coinfection and a specific follow-up is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Compagnoni
- Department of Internal Medicine, V. Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Erica Maria Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine, V. Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, Palermo 90146, Italy
| | - Giorgio Madonia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Marco Cannizzaro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, A. Ajello Hospital, Trapani 91026, Italy
| | - Salvatore Madonia
- Department of Internal Medicine, V. Cervello Hospital, Palermo 90146, Italy
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Farooq M, Rauf M, Tahir F, Manzoor S. A comparative analysis of interferons and direct-acting antivirals on the expression of genes involved in hepatitis C pathogenesis. J Med Virol 2020; 93:6241-6246. [PMID: 32706418 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has revolutionized the treatment of hepatitis C worldwide. In contrast, pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG IFN-α), the older regimen, had limited success. However, the effect of DAAs on the expression of immunomodulatory genes involved in liver pathologies remains ambiguous. The objective of this study was to explore and contrast the effects of DAAs and PEG IFN-α on the expression of selected immunomodulatory genes. Fifty individuals were enrolled in the study and they were divided into five categories; healthy individuals, treatment-naive, DAAs-responders, DAAs-nonresponders, and interferon-relapsers. The effect of the therapies on the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and collagen type 1 was analyzed. Expression analysis of the selected genes was done through real time polymerase chain reaction. A significantly increased expression of TGF-β was observed in the patients who received DAAs or PEG IFN-α, which suggests that patients receiving anti-HCV therapies are prone to developing fibrosis. Moreover, DAAs-nonresponders had higher expression of TNF-α, SOCS-3, and IL-10. The elevated expression of TNF-α and SOCS-3 insinuates that DAAs-nonresponders may develop insulin resistance and steatosis in the future. Finally, in addition to TGF-β, high expression of collagen was found in interferon relapsers, which suggests that these patients are the most susceptible to developing cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Farooq
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahd Rauf
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Tahir
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Lin C, Chen J, Lee P, Tung H, Cheng C, Kao H, Wu Y, Pang M, Chuang T. Lipid profile changes after direct acting antiviral treatment in different genotypes of chronic hepatitis C virus‐infected patients. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Heng Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Jyh‐Jou Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Lun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Hung‐Da Tung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Ta Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Hsu‐Ju Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Hsun Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Mai‐Gio Pang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
| | - Tang‐Wei Chuang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Liouying Tainan Taiwan
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