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Harsanyi S, Kianickova K, Katrlik J, Danisovic L, Ziaran S. Current look at the most promising proteomic and glycomic biomarkers of bladder cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:96. [PMID: 38372785 PMCID: PMC10876723 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BC) belongs to the most frequent cancer types. The diagnostic process is still long and costly, with a high percentage of false-positive or -negative results. Due to the cost and lack of effectiveness, older methods need to be supplemented or replaced by a newer more reliable method. In this regard, proteins and glycoproteins pose high potential. METHODS We performed an online search in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to find relevant studies published in English up until May 2023. If applicable, we set the AUC threshold to 0.90 and sensitivity/specificity (SN/SP) to 90%. FINDINGS Protein and glycoprotein biomarkers are a demonstrably viable option in BC diagnostics. Cholinesterase shows promise in progression-free survival. BLCA-4, ORM-1 along with HTRA1 in the detection of BC. Matrix metallopeptidase 9 exhibits potential for stratification of muscle-invasive subtypes with high negative predictive value for aggressive phenotypes. Distinguishing non-muscle invasive subtypes benefits from Keratin 17. Neu5Gc-modified UMOD glycoproteins pose potential in BC diagnosis, while fibronectin, laminin-5, collagen type IV, and lamprey immunity protein in early detection of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Harsanyi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | | | - Jaroslav Katrlik
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Ziaran
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Sedaghat MR, Shiri H, Tavakkol-Afshari J, Norouzmahani ME, Bahri F, Fooladi S, Momeni-Moghaddam H, Danesh Z, Nikpoor AR, Momeni-Moghaddam MA, Nematollahi MH, Sadeghi J. Impact of a 50bp insertion/deletion polymorphism of the superoxide dismutase-1 on oxidative stress status and risk of keratoconus. Exp Eye Res 2024; 238:109742. [PMID: 38040051 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is characterized by the predominant primary ectatic disease, affecting the cornea, necessitating corneal transplants in some cases. While some loci associated with KC risk have been identified, the understanding of the disease remains limited. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes play a crucial role in countering the reactive oxygen species and providing protection against oxidative stress (OS). Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate a potential association of a 50 nucleotide base pairs (bp) insertion/deletion (I/D) within the SOD1 promoter, and the located 1684 bp upstream of the SOD1 ATG, with KC in the Iranian population. Additionally, an assessment was conducted on SOD activity and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as determined by the ferric reducing-antioxidant power assay, along with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In this case-control study, genomic DNA was extracted from the blood cells of KC (n = 402) and healthy (n = 331) individuals. The genotype of this gene was determined using the PCR technique. Furthermore, the amount of SOD enzyme activity and the MDA and TAC levels were measured in the serum of the study groups. The (I/I) genotype was present in 84.23%, the (I/D) genotype in 15.06%, and the (D/D) genotype in 0.69% of both groups. A statistically significant relationship was seen between different genotypes and TAC, MDA, and SOD1 activity indices (P < 0.05). Individuals with the D/D genotype exhibited a decrease in total antioxidant capacity, an increase in the amount of MDA, and a decrease in SOD1 enzyme activity (P < 0.05). Moreover, the logistic regression analysis of KC development indicated that elevated levels of MDA increased the risk of KC incidence in the patient group compared to the healthy group, while a higher activity of SOD1 and greater values of TAC decreased the KC risk. The removal of the 50 bp fragment reduced SOD1 activity and elevated OS levels, thereby impacting the oxidant-antioxidant balance. This could potentially play a significant role in individuals afflicted by KC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamidreza Shiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Tavakkol-Afshari
- Immunogenetic and Cell Culture Department, Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of allergy and immunology, School of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Faegheh Bahri
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saba Fooladi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Hamed Momeni-Moghaddam
- Rehabilitation Sciences Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Zeynab Danesh
- Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Nikpoor
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | | | - Javad Sadeghi
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nursal AF, Ünver Ş, Yiğit S, Orhan ÖM, Atan T. The evaluation of superoxide dismutase 1 gene insertion/deletion variant in athletes. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20230575. [PMID: 38055452 PMCID: PMC10691368 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular exercise benefits health by increasing the body's antioxidant defenses. However, excessive exercise can produce excessive reactive oxygen species, which can lead to oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase is the primary enzyme involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the SOD1 gene insertion/deletion variant and elite athletes. METHODS A total of 305 subjects, including 165 elite athletes from different branches and 140 sedentary individuals, participated in this study. The SOD1 insertion/deletion variant was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction. The results were evaluated statistically. RESULTS There was no statistical significance between the athletes and control groups in terms of SOD1 insertion/deletion genotype distribution and allele frequency. Then, we evaluated the groups as females and males. There were no female athletes carrying the D/D genotype. The SOD1 I/I genotype and the I allele were more prevalent in female athletes than in the control group. There was a significant difference in terms of SOD1 I/I: I/D+D/D in females (p=0.028). SOD1 genotype and allele distribution did not differ between male athletes and male controls. CONCLUSION As far as we know, this is the first study to evaluate the SOD1 insertion/deletion variant in athletes in Turkey. Our results showed that the SOD1 I allele was more common in female athletes, but not in male athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Feyda Nursal
- Hitit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics – Çorum, Turkey
| | - Şaban Ünver
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Sports Sciences – Samsun, Turkey
| | - Serbülent Yiğit
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Genetics – Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Tülin Atan
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Sports Sciences – Samsun, Turkey
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Soyocak A, Doganer F, Duzgun Ergun D, Budak M, Turgut Coşan D, Ozgen M. Evaluation of Relationship Between SOD1 50-bp Deletion Gene Polymorphism, Cu, Zn Level, and Viscosity in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Patients with Vertebral Fractures. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:603-610. [PMID: 35243588 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of bone loss, causing low bone mineral density (BMD) and associated osteoporotic fractures. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of SOD1 50-bp insertion(Ins)/deletion(Del) polymorphism that is involved in oxidative stress metabolism, Cu and Zn element concentrations, and plasma viscosity level, with postmenopausal osteoporosis and related vertebral fractures. The study included 167 voluntary individuals. The 50-bp Ins/Del polymorphism of SOD1 was determined by allele-specific PCR. Plasma Cu and Zn levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The plasma viscosity was determined using the Harkness Capillary Viscometer device. In our study, the distribution of SOD1 promoter 50-bp Ins/Del polymorphism did not indicate a significant difference between the groups and in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients with and without fractures (p > 0.05). The Ins/Ins genotype was found to be common in individuals in both groups. The Cu and Zn levels of the study group were found to be between the normal reference values (p > 0.05). It was determined that plasma viscosity increased significantly in the group of osteoporotic patients and in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis with fractures (p < 0.01). In addition, plasma viscosity was found to significantly increase in patients with Ins/Ins genotype and fractures (p < 0.01). Postmenopausal osteoporosis and associated vertebral fracture were found not to be directly related to SOD1 50-bp polymorphism and Cu and Zn element levels. Plasma viscosity levels were found to increase due to the increase in oxidative stress products. Further studies are needed to clarify the roles and relationships of SOD genes and trace elements in the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis and vertebral fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahu Soyocak
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Fulya Doganer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Dilek Duzgun Ergun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Budak
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Turgut Coşan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Merih Ozgen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Martin-Way D, Puche-Sanz I, Cozar JM, Zafra-Gomez A, Gomez-Regalado MDC, Morales-Alvarez CM, Hernandez AF, Martinez-Gonzalez LJ, Alvarez-Cubero MJ. Genetic variants of antioxidant enzymes and environmental exposures as molecular biomarkers associated with the risk and aggressiveness of bladder cancer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156965. [PMID: 35764155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the top 10 most common tumours worldwide; however, no molecular markers are currently available for tumour management and follow-up. BC could benefit from molecular biomarkers in environmental disease, which provide mechanistic understanding of individual susceptibility to exposure-related cancers and allow characterizing genetic alterations in the molecular pathway for malignancy. This case-control study performed a molecular analysis in 99 BC and 125 controls. Buccal swabs were collected to assess SNPs in eleven genes coding for xenobiotic detoxification enzymes, cellular antioxidant defences, and hormone synthesis and signalling (NAT2 (rs1801280), GPX1 (rs1050450 and rs17650792), TXNRD1 (rs7310505), PRDX3 (rs3740562), PON1 (rs662), SOD1 (rs10432782), SOD2 (rs4880), CAT (rs1001179), CYP17A1 (rs743572) and ESR1 (rs746432)). A structured questionnaire was administered to study participants to assess environmental and dietary chemical exposures. Several miRNAs associated with BC and detoxification/antioxidant pathways were analysed in a subsample of the study population, including miR-93-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-126, miR-27a-3p, miR-193b, and miR-193a-5p. Levels of selected environmental pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and endocrine disrupting chemicals) were determined in urine from a subsample of BC cases and controls. We found that CYP17A1, CAT, SOD1, ESR1, PON1, and GPX1 (rs17650792) were associated with BC risk. Furthermore, exposure to smoke and/or dust, and alcohol intake were identified as risk factors for BC. Increased urinary levels of benzo[a]pyrene and bisphenol A were observed in BC patients relative to controls, along with an increased expression of miR-193b, miR-27a and miR-93-5p in BC. Nevertheless, further studies with a larger sample size are warranted to confirm these exploratory results. This study also shows that the combination of genetic markers (PON1 and CYP17A1) and miRNA (miR-221-3p and miR-93-5p) open a new scenario in the use of non-invasive biomarkers in the stratification of BC to guide personalized medicine, which is extremely urged in the current clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Martin-Way
- Urology Department, University Hospital Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Puche-Sanz
- Urology Department, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - J M Cozar
- Urology Department, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - A Zafra-Gomez
- University of Granada, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M D C Gomez-Regalado
- University of Granada, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - C M Morales-Alvarez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, Faculty of Medicine, PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - A F Hernandez
- University of Granada, Legal Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, PTS, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain
| | - L J Martinez-Gonzalez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - M J Alvarez-Cubero
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; University of Granada, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, Faculty of Medicine, PTS, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain
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