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Silva RMGD, Marques de Oliveira Moraes V, Marinho Dos Santos VH, Oliveira Granero F, Malaguti Figueiredo CC, Pereira Silva L. Heavy metal accumulation efficiency and subsequent of cytogenotoxicity evaluation in the medicinal plant Equisetum hyemale. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:989-1001. [PMID: 36303438 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2139313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in soils represent a threat to the environment, food safety, as well as human and animal health. The bioaccumulation of these elements in plants might enhance medium- and long-term adverse health risk promoting genetic alterations that lead to dermal, gastrointestinal, circulatory, renal, and brain disorders. The present study aimed to determine the bioaccumulation potential and cytogenotoxic effect of Equisetum hyemale extracts. E. hyemale seedlings were divided into two groups: exposed group (plants cultivated in soil with heavy metals solution) and control (plants cultivated in soil with distilled water). Heavy metals were quantified in the cultivation soils (control and exposed) and extracts (ethanolic and infusion) of vegetative parts from E. hyemale cultivated in both soils. Root length and cytogenotoxic effect were determined utilizing Allium cepa bioassay. Data demonstrated that Equisetum hyemale present the ability to absorb and bioaccumulate different heavy metals including lead, copper, cobalt manganese, zinc, iron and chromium. Given this property E. hyemale may be considered a reliable bioindicator to assess cytogenotoxicity of certain substances that exert adverse risks to environment and human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regildo Márcio Gonçalves da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Phytotherapic and Natural Products, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Arsenic poisoning constitutes a major threat to humans, causing various health problems. Almost everywhere across the world certain “hotspots” have been detected, putting in danger the local populations, due to the potential consumption of water or food contaminated with elevated concentrations of arsenic. According to the relevant studies, Asia shows the highest percentage of significantly contaminated sites, followed by North America, Europe, Africa, South America and Oceania. The presence of arsenic in ecosystems can originate from several natural or anthropogenic activities. Arsenic can be then gradually accumulated in different food sources, such as vegetables, rice and other crops, but also in seafood, etc., and in water sources (mainly in groundwater, but also to a lesser extent in surface water), potentially used as drinking-water supplies, provoking their contamination and therefore potential health problems to the consumers. This review reports the major areas worldwide that present elevated arsenic concentrations in food and water sources. Furthermore, it also discusses the sources of arsenic contamination at these sites, as well as selected treatment technologies, aiming to remove this pollutant mainly from the contaminated waters and thus the reduction and prevention of population towards arsenic exposure.
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Pedraza ML, Espinosa Ramírez AJ. EL LEGADO DEL ARSÉNICO Y MERCURIO EN EL COMPLEJO CENAGOSO RAMSAR DE AYAPEL, (CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA): APROXIMACIÓN A LA MACROCUENCA MAGDALENA-CAUCA. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2021. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v27n2.89084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colombia, país localizado al norte de Suramérica, afronta diferentes conflictos socioambientales y es uno de los más contaminados por mercurio en el mundo, situación que amenaza la riqueza natural y la biodiversidad del neotrópico, reconocida por sus altos niveles de endemismos. El complejo de humedales de Ayapel (Sitio Ramsar) ubicado al norte del país, reporta el desembarco del 23 % de la producción pesquera de la macrocuenca Magdalena-Cauca y a su vez sufre alta presión por minería de aluvión. Este trabajo evaluó la presencia de dos disruptores endocrinos, mercurio (Hg) y arsénico (As), en peces de consumo humano, agua y sedimentos, colectados en las ciénagas central de Ayapel, Escobillas y Paticos. En el sedimento y en el agua se registraron concentraciones de arsénico no reportadas previamente, y al ser un cancerígeno, es un hallazgo relevante ya que también puede estar presente en los cultivos de arroz, lo que aumenta el riesgo toxicológico para los pobladores de la región. Adicionalmente, el 96 % de los peces presentaron simultáneamente Hg y As con diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las especies. El blanquillo (Sorubim cuspicaudus) fue el más contaminado por ambos polutantes y el bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae) registró el nivel más alto de Hg en los últimos 15 años para la zona. Los niveles de Hg en la ictiofauna de la macrocuenca (1993-2020) alertan sobre los impactos no monitoreados en las redes tróficas y la urgencia de acciones intersectoriales para proteger la biodiversidad y la salud humana.
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Paschoalini AL, Bazzoli N. Heavy metals affecting Neotropical freshwater fish: A review of the last 10 years of research. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 237:105906. [PMID: 34246836 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of urban centers, the increase in the use of chemicals in agriculture, and the significant expansion of industry has dumped increasing amounts of heavy metals into aquatic ecosystems, directly and indirectly affecting the entire food web in freshwater environments. In freshwater fish, many studies conducted worldwide have shown that these pollutants can cause alterations from the molecular level to behavioral, in all stages of life, including in future generations. Despite the great diversity of freshwater fish in the Neotropical region, few studies addressing the influence of metals on native species have been carried out. The last decade of studies showed that the effects of metals in neotropical species can be from the molecular to the behavioral level. Metals like Arsenic, Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Chromium and Zinc have often been detected in environmental studies and evaluated in experimental approaches. Metabolically active organs showed higher levels of accumulation. In addition, some environmental studies have shown that ecologic and trophic conditions can be determinant in the level of exposure to metals. Oxidative stress, genotoxicity and several histopathological alterations were the most recurrent effects detected in target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Loureiro Paschoalini
- Postgraduate Program in Vertebrate Biology at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Av. Dom José Gaspar, 500, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, CEP 30535-610.
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Postgraduate Program in Vertebrate Biology at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Av. Dom José Gaspar, 500, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, CEP 30535-610
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Monteiro De Oliveira EC, Caixeta ES, Santos VSV, Pereira BB. Arsenic exposure from groundwater: environmental contamination, human health effects, and sustainable solutions. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:119-135. [PMID: 33709865 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.1898504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) occurs naturally in geologic conditions, but groundwater contamination might also be found due to the consequences of mining, agricultural and industrial processes. Human exposure to As after drinking contaminated water is commonly associated with acute toxicity outcomes and chronic effects ranging from skin lesions to cancer. Integrated actions from environmental and health authorities are needed to reduce exposure, monitoring outcomes, and promotion of actions to offer sustainable As-safe water alternatives. Considering recent research trends, the present review summarizes and discusses current issues associated with the process and effects of contamination and decontamination in an environmental health perspective. Recent findings reinforce the harmful effects of the consumption of As-contaminated water and broaden the scope of related diseases including intestinal maladies, type 2 diabetes, cancers of bladder, kidneys, lung, and liver. Among the main strategies to diminish or remove As from water, the following are highlighted (1) ion exchange system and membrane filtration (micro, ultra, and nanofiltration) as physicochemical treatment systems; (2) use of cyanobacteria and algae in bioremediation programs and (3) application of nanotechnology for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyn Siqueira Caixeta
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biotechnology, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Santana Vieira Santos
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biotechnology, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biotechnology, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institute of Geography, Department of Environmental Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Santa Mônica Campus, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Cubillos-Cuadrado LF, Muñoz-Hernández DS, Vásquez-Londoño CA. Fish consumption during menarche, menstruation, pregnancy and postpartum in Sikuani women from Meta, Colombia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2019; 15:48. [PMID: 31601243 PMCID: PMC6785850 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0326-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Societies have selected their food for health, cultural, religious, political, economical, and environmental reasons. Most of the food included in Sikuani traditional diet still comes from wild natural resources and involves numerous species of fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and plants. During certain periods of the Sikuani women's reproductive cycle, fish intake is avoided. The objective of this research is to study the conceptions underlying fish consumption regulations among Sikuani women at the Wacoyo Reservation, in Meta, Colombia. METHODS We conducted a field study through interviews and participant observation with Sikuani Indigenous from the Wacoyo Reservation (Colombia). We inquired about the conceptions of fish consumption regulation by Sikuani women during the stages of the reproductive cycle. PCA (principal component analysis) was used to identify the most important characteristics of fish that are related to the avoidance of fish intake by Sikuani women during pregnancy. This study combines qualitative and quantitative analysis. RESULTS It was found that during menarche and postpartum fish consumption is avoided by Sikuani women only before the ritual known as the prayer of the fish is performed. The menstruation does not imply significant regulations for fish intake, while during pregnancy there are multiple and specific avoidances for the consumption of fish. According to our results, there are some features of fish associated with their regulation on the diet of pregnant Sikuani women. The consumption of some fish is avoided during pregnancy because it is related to the appearance of disease caused by ainawi, protector spirits of aquatic animals. CONCLUSIONS The traditional diet of Sikuani women includes numerous fish species and an important proportion of them are avoided during menarche, menstruation, gestation, and postpartum. According to our results, there are some features of fish associated with their regulation on the diet of pregnant Sikuani women. The main reasons underlying the avoidance of fish consumption by Sikuani women are the prevention of human disease as well as the strengthening of communities and ecosystems resilience.
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Avigliano E. Discussion on total As and metals use for assessing health risk via fish consumption in "Human exposure to trace metals and arsenic via consumption of fish from river Chenab, Pakistan and associated health risks. Chemosphere, 168, 1004-1012". CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:995-996. [PMID: 30322650 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Avigliano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Av. Chorroarín 280, CP1427, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Robinson SL, Oliveros H, Mora-Plazas M, Marín C, Lozoff B, Villamor E. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in middle childhood and externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in adolescence. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:481-490. [PMID: 31383976 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the associations of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in middle childhood with externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in adolescence. SUBJECTS/METHODS Using gas-liquid chromatography, we quantified n-3 and n-6 PUFA in serum samples of 444 Colombian schoolchildren aged 5-12 years at the time of enrollment into a cohort study. After a median 6 years, adolescent externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were determined with the Youth Self Report (YSR) questionnaire. We estimated adjusted mean behavior problem score differences with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between quartiles of each PUFA using multivariable linear regression. We also considered as exposures the Δ6-desaturase (D6D) and Δ5-desaturase (D5D) enzyme activity indices. RESULTS Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was positively associated with externalizing problems; every standard deviation (SD) of DHA concentration was associated with an adjusted one unit higher externalizing problem score (95% CI: 0.1, 1.9). The D5D enzyme activity index was inversely related to externalizing problem scores. Alpha-linolenic acid concentration was positively associated with internalizing problem scores, whereas adrenic acid was inversely related to this outcome. CONCLUSIONS Serum PUFA in middle childhood were related to behavior problems in adolescence. Some of these associations might reflect the role of D5D enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Constanza Marín
- Universidad de la Sabana, Chia, Colombia.,Foundation for Research in Nutrition and Health, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Maheshwari S, Dua A. Ultrastructural changes in fin epithelium of Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to mercuric chloride: sem study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:702-710. [PMID: 31339478 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1645069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish skin is in direct contact with water and forms the first line of defense against pathogens and toxicants present in the surrounding water. The effect of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) on surface architecture of the epidermis of caudal fin of an air breathing fish, Channa punctatus was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and revealed the presence of microridges that formed intricate, maze-like patterns. The exposed fish showed significant alterations including disorganization of microridge pattern and increase in number as well as enlargement of mucus cell openings. These findings exhibited concentration- and time- dependent alterations in fin epithelium. Data demonstrated that fin epithelium of fish may be successfully employed as a bioindicator of water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Maheshwari
- a Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar , Punjab , India
| | - Anish Dua
- a Aquatic Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University , Amritsar , Punjab , India
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Vargas Licona SP, Marrugo Negrete JL. Mercurio, metilmercurio y otros metales pesados en peces de Colombia: riesgo por ingesta. ACTA BIOLÓGICA COLOMBIANA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n2.74128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
En 2013 el pescado proporcionó a más de 3100 millones de personas casi el 20 % de la ingesta promedio de proteínas de origen animal per cápita (FAO, 2016). De acuerdo con el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD), en Colombia y, particularmente en las poblaciones ribereñas y costeras, el 90 % del consumo de proteína de origen animal proviene del pescado, como resultado de un acceso muy bajo a otro tipo de proteínas. Colombia enfrenta uno de los mayores problemas por contaminación ambiental a nivel mundial, generado en gran parte por el abuso de sustancias químicas para el aprovechamiento de minerales, mala disposición de aguas servidas y prácticas industriales y agrícolas inadecuadas, en cuerpos de aguas fundamentales para la dinámica poblacional de animales, vegetales y humanos. Como estrategia mundial para reducir los riesgos a la salud humana por consumo de pescado contaminado con metales pesados, se han considerado límites máximos permisibles, propuestos por diferentes entidades; sin embargo, el 31,5 % de los resultados de estudios publicados para Colombia, son superiores al límite permisible recomendado por la OMS (0,5 μg/g). Los resultados presentados en esta revisión evidencian la urgente necesidad de realizar estudios que evalúen el riesgo a la salud que enfrentan pobladores de zonas mineras y no mineras de Colombia, aportará también fundamentos científicos y bases para el establecimiento de ejes estratégicos que permitan la puesta en marcha de nuevos proyectos productivos que ofrezcan el acceso de la población a diversas fuentes de alimentación.
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Luo T, Shen M, Zhou J, Wang X, Xia J, Fu Z, Jin Y. Chronic exposure to low doses of Pb induces hepatotoxicity at the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels of mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:521-529. [PMID: 30623991 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), a non-essential heavy metal, is a major global environmental contaminant with serious toxicological consequences. In the present study, the effects on hepatotoxicity of mice with chronic exposure to low doses of Pb were evaluated. While oral exposure to 0.03 or 0.1 mg/L Pb for 15 weeks in male adult mice had no significant effect on body weights, Pb exposure resulted in liver histopathological effects and increase of hepatic activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In addition, hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly accumulated after treatment. Conversely, glutathione (GSH) decreased significantly in both 0.03 and 0.1 mg/L Pb-treated groups. Moreover, the hepatic activities of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased significantly following treatment with 0.1 mg/L Pb for 15 weeks, concomitant with increases in transcriptions of hepatic Sod, Cat, and Gpx. Furthermore, transcriptions of hepatic metallothionein (MT), zinc transporter 5 (Znt5) and copper transporter 1 (Ctr1), and subsequent protein levels were also increased in liver of mice when exposed to 0.1 mg/L Pb for 15 weeks. In addition, the transcriptome data showed that Pb has substantial influence on several pathways, including PPAR signaling pathways, AMPK signaling pathways, fatty acid metabolism, and drug metabolism. Our data suggested that chronic Pb exposure could induce hepatotoxicity at the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Manlu Shen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jizhou Xia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Zamora-Arellano NY, Betancourt-Lozano M, Ilizaliturri-Hernández C, García-Hernández J, Jara-Marini M, Chávez-Sánchez C, Ruelas-Inzunza JR. Mercury Levels and Risk Implications Through Fish Consumption on the Sinaloa Coasts (Gulf of California, Northwest Mexico). RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2018; 38:2646-2658. [PMID: 30229961 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fish consumption is the major source of mercury to humans. Fetuses and children are the most sensitive groups of populations to the effects of mercury. Consequently, fish consumption by pregnant women, children, and women of childbearing age is of concern because of the effects of mercury exposure on human health. To assess mercury exposure in a population in northwest Mexico, the allowed daily consumption of fish (which indicates the maximum daily amount of fish that can be consumed without causing adverse noncarcinogenic effects) was calculated for the general population (GP) and fishing-related population (FRP). The studied groups for both sectors of the population were children A (3-10 years old), children B (11-15 years old), women of childbearing age (16-40 years old), and the rest of the population (men ≥16 years old, and women ≥41 years old). Mercury content in canned and frozen tuna, smoked marlin, tilapia, Pacific sierra, dolphinfish, and bullseye puffer ranged from 0.01 to 0.23 μg/g wet weight; none of the values were above the limit set by Mexico. Regarding mercury concentrations and rates of fish consumption, the GP consumes 1.7-2.7 times the allowed daily consumption, and the FRP consumes 1.6-3.9 that limit. The risk analysis showed the children A and B groups from the GP and adults of FRP to be the highest percentage of the population at risk (approximately 35%). These results highlight the need for adequate strategies that consider mercury exposure as part of public health policies associated with fish consumption in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel Betancourt-Lozano
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Center for Research in Food and Development, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | | | - Matín Jara-Marini
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Center for Research in Food and Development, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Cristina Chávez-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Center for Research in Food and Development, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
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da Cunha Martins A, Carneiro MFH, Grotto D, Adeyemi JA, Barbosa F. Arsenic, cadmium, and mercury-induced hypertension: mechanisms and epidemiological findings. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:61-82. [PMID: 29446707 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1432025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) are toxic elements widely distributed in the environment. Exposure to these elements was attributed to produce several acute and chronic illnesses including hypertension. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the most frequently proposed mechanisms underlying hypertension associated with As, Cd, and Hg exposure including: oxidative stress, impaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling, modified vascular response to neurotransmitters and disturbed vascular muscle Ca2+ signaling, renal damage, and interference with the renin-angiotensin system. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, a combination rather than a singular mechanism needs to be considered. In addition, epidemiological findings showing the relationship between various biomarkers of metal exposure and hypertension are described. Given the complex etiology of hypertension, further epidemiological studies evaluating the roles of confounding factors such as age, gender, and life style are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton da Cunha Martins
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Denise Grotto
- b Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia , Universidade de Sorocaba , Sorocaba-SP , Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- a Laboratório de Toxicologia e Essencialidade de Metais, Depto. de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
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Rocha OP, De Oliveira DP. Investigation of a Brazilian tannery effluent by means of zebra fish (Danio rerio) embryo acute toxicity (FET) test. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1078-1085. [PMID: 28862536 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tannery effluents consist of a complex chemical composition not only limited to primary pollutants, which also require biological detection as these compounds may produce adverse effects. The fish embryo toxicity (FET) test with Danio rerio is an alternative method in hazard and risk assessment for determination of chemical-mediated effects. The aim of this investigation was to use the FET test to detect compounds and consequent effects in Brazilian tannery effluents. Samples were collected from the inlet and outlet of the effluent treatment plant at a tannery located in Restinga, São Paulo, Brazil. The toxicological effects were assessed using FET assay for a period of 144 hr using indices such as (1) coagulation of fertilized eggs, (2) lack of detachment of tail-bud from yolk sac, (3) absence of spontaneous movement, (4) yolk sack edema, (5) malformation of the tail, (6) scoliosis, and (7) deformation of swim bladder in the embryos. Data showed that effluent treatment plant exposure produced acute toxicity in D. rerio embryos as evidenced by coagulation of fertilized eggs in up to 5% of all diluted samples 24 hr post fertilization for inlet effluent samples compared to 100% coagulation for outlet samples. Results demonstrated that these effects may not be attributed to metals, but to other non-detected components, such as dyes, pigments, biocides, carriers, surfactants, or other organic compounds that might be present in these complex mixtures. The use of D. rerio embryos was found to be useful as an additional tool for ecotoxicity testing to assess the potential environmental acute toxicity influence of tannery effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Pelegrino Rocha
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
| | - Danielle Palma De Oliveira
- a Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto-SP , Brazil
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16
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Isermann J, Prager HM, Ebbinghaus R, Janasik B, Wasowicz W, Dufaux B, Meyer HF, Widera A, Selinski S, Hengstler JG, Golka K. Urinary cadmium levels in active and retired coal miners. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:405-410. [PMID: 28696835 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1304710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A meta-analysis, based upon 24 publications, showed a significantly elevated risk for urinary bladder cancer amongst miners. In European underground hard coal mining areas, an increased risk for urinary bladder cancer development was noted among hard coal miners, in particular in three investigations in the greater Dortmund area. However, the cause remains unclear. As cadmium (Cd), which was reported to be a bladder carcinogen in humans and is a constituent of coal, the aim of this study was to determine urinary Cd levels in active and retired hard coal miners and assess whether hard coal miners demonstrated elevated metal levels. In total, 103 retired and 25 active hard coal miners as well as 18 controls without any history of hard coal mining were investigated for urinary Cd levels. Urinary Cd concentrations, in addition to other elements, were analyzed in spot urines by ICP-MS-based multi-element analysis in a Department for Forensic and Clinical Toxicology. Limit of detection (LOD) for Cd was 0.5 μg/L. Reference value for occupationally non-exposed working age population was 0.8 μg/L. In total, 49% of all underground coal miners were exposed to coal dust, 12% to grinded rock, and 39% to both. Urinary Cd levels in retired as well as active coal miners and controls were clearly below the Biological Exposure Index. Urinary Cd concentration is a suitable biomarker to evaluate the metallic load of the body, as the half-life is > than 10 years. The detected urinary Cd levels in retired and active coal miners indicated underground hard coal miners were not apparently exposed to Cd to a occupationally-relevant concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Isermann
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Prager
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Rainer Ebbinghaus
- a Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Castrop-Rauxel , Germany
| | - Beata Janasik
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
| | - Wojciech Wasowicz
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
| | - Bertinus Dufaux
- c Department of Forensic and Clinical Toxicology , Bad Salzuflen , Germany
| | | | - Agata Widera
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Silvia Selinski
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
| | - Klaus Golka
- e Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo) , Dortmund , Germany
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17
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Alves AC, Monteiro MS, Machado AL, Oliveira M, Bóia A, Correia A, Oliveira N, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Mercury levels in parturient and newborns from Aveiro region, Portugal. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:697-709. [PMID: 28524771 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1286926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning in Japan and Iraq, mercury (Hg) is classified as well-established teratogen. The Portuguese region of Aveiro faced some decades ago an environmental Hg contamination due to activities from a chlor-alkali plant. Until now, no apparent evaluation was conducted regarding prenatal exposure to Hg in this area. The main objectives of this study were to: i) assess maternal and fetal exposure to Hg in the Aveiro region using noninvasive biological matrices; ii) examine the influence of variables that may contribute to Hg exposure during pregnancy; and iii) improve knowledge regarding metal accumulation and distribution over the maternal-fetal-placental unit. This study was performed in 50 mother-newborn pairs from the Aveiro district. Total Hg (THg) was quantified in maternal scalp hair, placenta, amniotic membrane, and umbilical cord. Maternal hair presented THg levels with a mean value of 900 ng/g, which is lower than the USEPA and WHO acceptable threshold. Regarding THg levels in placenta and umbilical cord, mean values were similar (decidua basalis: 32.84 ng/g; chorionic plate: 30.18 ng/g; umbilical cord: 30.67 ng/g). The amniotic membrane presented the highest THg levels with a mean concentration of 42.35 ng/g, reaching a maximum of 134.1 ng/g. Further, a significant positive correlation was noted between THg levels found in hair, and all matrices analyzed reinforcing the use of hair in biomonitoring studies with respect to maternal exposure to Hg. In general, levels of THg found in our study were lower than those in previous studies performed in Europe. Consumption of fish rich in selenium and bottled water was negatively correlated with THg levels. Finally, data demonstrated that Hg is capable of crossing the placental barrier and accumulate in placental tissues. Amniotic membrane seemed to play a role in metal detoxification, but further investigations are necessary to examine whether this catabolic process affects Hg accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Alves
- a Department of Biology & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do MAR (CESAM) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Marta S Monteiro
- a Department of Biology & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do MAR (CESAM) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Machado
- a Department of Biology & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do MAR (CESAM) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Mário Oliveira
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Infante D.Pedro Hospital , Centro Hospitalar Baixo , Vouga , EPE, Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Ana Bóia
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Infante D.Pedro Hospital , Centro Hospitalar Baixo , Vouga , EPE, Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Ana Correia
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Infante D.Pedro Hospital , Centro Hospitalar Baixo , Vouga , EPE, Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Nuno Oliveira
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Infante D.Pedro Hospital , Centro Hospitalar Baixo , Vouga , EPE, Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- a Department of Biology & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do MAR (CESAM) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- a Department of Biology & Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do MAR (CESAM) , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
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18
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Bridges CC, Zalups RK. The aging kidney and the nephrotoxic effects of mercury. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:55-80. [PMID: 28339347 PMCID: PMC6088787 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2016.1243501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Owing to advances in modern medicine, life expectancies are lengthening and leading to an increase in the population of older individuals. The aging process leads to significant alterations in many organ systems, with the kidney being particularly susceptible to age-related changes. Within the kidney, aging leads to ultrastructural changes such as glomerular and tubular hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which may compromise renal plasma flow (RPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These alterations may reduce the functional reserve of the kidneys, making them more susceptible to pathological events when challenged or stressed, such as following exposure to nephrotoxicants. An important and prevalent environmental toxicant that induces nephrotoxic effects is mercury (Hg). Since exposure of normal kidneys to mercuric ions might induce glomerular and tubular injury, aged kidneys, which may not be functioning at full capacity, may be more sensitive to the effects of Hg than normal kidneys. Age-related renal changes and the effects of Hg in the kidney have been characterized separately. However, little is known regarding the influence of nephrotoxicants, such as Hg, on aged kidneys. The purpose of this review was to summarize known findings related to exposure of aged and diseased kidneys to the environmentally relevant nephrotoxicant Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy C Bridges
- a Mercer University School of Medicine , Division of Basic Medical Sciences , Macon , Georgia , USA
| | - Rudolfs K Zalups
- a Mercer University School of Medicine , Division of Basic Medical Sciences , Macon , Georgia , USA
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19
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Laska D, Vahey G, Faith T, Vena J, Williams EM. Seafood consumption habits of South Carolina shrimp baiters. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:129-136. [PMID: 28095123 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1261747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp baiting is a fishing technique used by many South Carolinians and has been regulated in the state since the late 1980s. A postcard survey was developed and included with 400 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) annual surveys of registered shrimp baiters over a two-year period. The survey contained questions concerning frequency, portion size, baiting locations, and preparation techniques for shrimp as well as other species consumed and demographic information. An overall response rate of 37% was received. The majority of respondents were men over the age of 55 years. Charleston and Beaufort counties were the most common locations for shrimp baiting. Almost half (45.9%) of respondents reported eating locally caught shrimp at least 2-3 times per month. The most common portion size was ½ pound (8 oz. or 277 g), with 44.8% of respondents reporting this as their typical amount of shrimp ingested at one meal. Only 3.7% of respondents reported typically eating the whole shrimp, while all other respondents ingested shrimp with the head removed. The most commonly consumed species besides shrimp were blue crab, oysters, and flounder. According to the US Food and Drug Administration mercury (Hg) guidelines, the majority (97%) of our respondents were not at risk for consuming unsafe levels of Hg from locally caught shrimp. However, this does not take into account other local seafood eaten or other contaminants of concern. These consumption results may be used in conjunction with data on contaminant levels in shrimp to determine potential adverse health risks associated with consumption of locally caught shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Laska
- a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service , Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
| | - Grace Vahey
- b Department of Public Health Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
| | - Trevor Faith
- b Department of Public Health Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
| | - John Vena
- b Department of Public Health Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
| | - Edith M Williams
- b Department of Public Health Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
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Olegário de Campos Júnior E, da Silva Oliveira RG, Pereira BB, Souto HN, Campos CF, Nepomuceno JC, Morelli S. Assessment of genotoxic, mutagenic, and recombinogenic potential of water resources in the Paranaíba River basin of Brazil: A case study. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:1190-1200. [PMID: 27767391 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1228490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to certain pollutants induces a series of alterations in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that may result in genotoxic/mutagenic effects in exposed individuals. The present study aimed to monitor genotoxic, mutagenic, and recombinogenic potential and consequently water quality in two streams in the Paranaíba River basin in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, using two bioindicator fish (Rhamdia quelen and Geophagus brasiliensis). The micronucleus (MN) test and somatic recombination and mutation test (SMART) were employed to assess DNA damage. The water quality index (WQI) at the reference site control (S1) due to its proximity to the river source was compared to Córrego do Óleo (S2) with respect to chemical parameter levels of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved-oxygen rates (DO), and total solid and fecal coliform counts. These chemical parameters were above the permitted limits at Córrego do Óleo (S2). At a third site, Córrego Liso (S3), a poor WQI was detected, attributed to the influence of domestic and industrial activities where BOD, DO, total solid, fecal coliform, total phosphorus, and turbidity rates exceeded premissible limits. The MN frequencies and the numbers of MN per cell (CMN) at sites S2 and S3 were significantly higher than those at S1 in both species. It is of interest that the increased frequency of MN was similar to the positive control cyclophosphamide only at S3, suggesting that the effects of water contaminants were most severe at this site. At sites assessed (S2 and S3), there was a significant rise in somatic mutation and recombination in the wings of Drosophila melanogaster, indicating the presence of trace elements, mainly lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), in the effluents in the Paranaíba River basin sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Boscolli Barbosa Pereira
- c Institute of Geography, Department of Geography , Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Henrique Nazareth Souto
- a Department of Genetics and Biochemistry , INGEB, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Campos
- a Department of Genetics and Biochemistry , INGEB, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Júlio Cesar Nepomuceno
- b Mutagenesis and Cytogenetics Laboratory, University Center of Patos de Minas , Patos de Minas , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- a Department of Genetics and Biochemistry , INGEB, Federal University of Uberlândia , Uberlândia , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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